CN108754257A - A kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108754257A
CN108754257A CN201810634843.5A CN201810634843A CN108754257A CN 108754257 A CN108754257 A CN 108754257A CN 201810634843 A CN201810634843 A CN 201810634843A CN 108754257 A CN108754257 A CN 108754257A
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strength
aluminum alloy
forging
tenacity aluminum
alloy forging
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孙刚
王向杰
崔建忠
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Northeastern University China
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Northeastern University China
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/053Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging and preparation method thereof, belongs to metal material engineering field.The chemical composition and its mass percent that the high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging contains be:Zn:9.8%~12.4%, Mg:0.3%~2.0%, Cu:1.3%~2.4%, Zr:0.04%~0.20%, Mn:0.10%~0.60%, Si≤0.08%, Fe≤0.10%, Ti≤0.10%, other impurity are single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, surplus Al;After it is by founding, two level Homogenization Treatments, extrusion process, solid solution, quenching, ageing treatment, forging molding, after being dissolved using second, quenching is classified after manually forcing ageing treatment, obtain the high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging used for processing part, forging microscopic structure is uniform, performance is stablized, and ultimate tensile strength is high, and elongation percentage is high.The material product can be used for the structural detail in the fields such as aerospace, nuclear industry, communications and transportation, sports goods, weapons.

Description

A kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging and preparation method thereof, belong to metal material engineering field.
Background technology
In recent years, with the raising of metallurgy of aluminium equipment technology and metallurgy basic technology level, the development trend of aluminium alloy To prepare the aluminium alloy of high-purity, high-performance and high-alloying, currently, having there is the 600MPa manufactured by casting technology Grade and 800MPa grades of aluminium alloy is manufactured by PM technique.And these aluminium alloy fracture toughnesses are often unsatisfactory.
Industrial applications, the ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy for reaching industrial applications level at present have U.S. to 600MPa grades of aluminium alloys State 7055 (Al-8%Zn-2.0%Mg-2.2%Cu-0.10%Zr), 7068 (Al-7.8%Zn-2.5%Mg-2.0%Cu- 0.10%Zr) and B96 systems of Russia (Al-8.5%Zn-2.6%Mg-2.3%Cu-0.15%Zr) aluminium alloy.The country also develops 600MPa grades of aluminium alloys, and carried out industrialized production, but (T-L to) in the minimum maximum direction of direction-deformation of its deformation Plane Strain Fracture Toughness KⅠcOnly up to 25MPam1/2Below.
Invention content
For problem of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging and preparation method thereof, should High-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging is a kind of novel high saturation component Al-Zn-Mg-Cu high strength aluminum alloy forging, is 7000 systems Alloy.
The mass percent of a kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging of the present invention, the chemical composition contained and each ingredient For:It is 0.3%~2.0%, Cu be 1.3%~2.4%, Zr is 0.04%~0.20%, Mn that Zn, which is 9.8%~12.4%, Mg, For 0.10%~0.60%, Si≤0.08%, Fe≤0.10%, Ti≤0.10%, other impurity are single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤ 0.15%, surplus Al.
A kind of preparation method of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging of the present invention, includes the following steps:
Step 1:Founding
By the chemical composition dispensing of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging, after melting sources, through furnace refining, after standing, pour Casting, obtains alloy cast ingot;
Step 2:Homogenization Treatments extrusion process
After alloy cast ingot Homogenization Treatments, extrusion process is carried out, obtains the blank that cross section is rectangle;
The technique of the Homogenization Treatments is:First order Homogenization Treatments temperature is 410 DEG C~430 DEG C, heat preservation 6 ± 1h;Second level Homogenization Treatments temperature is 450 DEG C~480 DEG C, soaking time >=36h;
Step 3:Heat treatment
By blank, solid solution quenches, after ageing treatment, and forging molding obtains forging;Wherein, the work of the ageing treatment Skill is:110 DEG C~175 DEG C soaking time >=4h;
Step 4:It is artificial to force timeliness
After second of solid solution of forging progress, quenching is carried out after being classified artificial pressure ageing treatment, is obtained for processing zero The high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging that part uses;Wherein, the classification is artificial forces the technique of ageing treatment to be divided into two kinds, respectively For:Peak value aging treatment process:65 DEG C~80 DEG C /+115 DEG C for 24 hours~145 DEG C/10h~30h, Wetted constructures technique:65℃ ~80 DEG C/>=+105 DEG C for 24 hours~145 DEG C/>=4h+150 DEG C~180 DEG C/6h~30h.
In the step 1, the founding, it is conventional fusion-cast technique that technological parameter, which is 7000, preferably 7075 alloy conventional fusion-cast techniques.
In the step 2, the technique of the extrusion process is:After alloy cast ingot after Homogenization Treatments is stripped off the skin, It is that the common process of alloy is squeezed according to 7000, the common process of preferably 7075 alloys is squeezed, extrusion ratio 4- 8。
In the step 3, the solid solubility temperature is 460 DEG C~480 DEG C, and solution time is 1~2h.
In the step 3, the forging molding use technique by 7000 be alloy common process carry out, preferably For 7075 alloy common process.
In the step 4, second of solid solubility temperature is 460 DEG C~480 DEG C, and solution time is 1~2h.
It is artificial to force in ageing process in the step 4, it is pre- analysis in 65 DEG C~80 DEG C of long ageing treatment Go out the stage, the series of the stage controllable prepared material Second Phase Precipitation, so that hardening constituent precipitation is more abundant.
A kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging of the present invention is made using above-mentioned preparation method.
A kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging of the present invention, ultimate tensile strength >=740MPa, elongation percentage >=10%, T- L is to KⅠc≥29MPam1/2
A kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging and preparation method thereof of the present invention, advantage is:
1, the microscopic structure of novel ultra-high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging that prepared by the present invention is uniform, performance is stablized, and the limit is anti- Tensile strength is up to 740MPa or more, while elongation percentage is higher than 10%, T-L to KⅠcUp to 29MPam1/2.The material product can be used for The structural detail in the fields such as aerospace, nuclear industry, communications and transportation, sports goods, weapons.
2, the present invention is a kind of high saturated alloying element aluminium alloy of 7000 systems, and main alloying element Zn and Mg form main reinforcing Phase, another main alloying element Cu play assisted and strengthened effect, while playing the role of improving alloy anticorrosion stress-resistant performance, 2% or more then attacking material general corrosion performance, the present invention further increase alloy strength and tough by improving Zn and Mg contents Spend comprehensive performance.The study found that Zn contents increase to 9.0% or more, alloying element cu material general corrosion performance will be promoted Damage, such as keep the higher general corrosion performance of material, alloying element cu be added the upper limit between 1.9%~2.4%, be added Trace alloying element Mn is to control material structure texture, is reduced anisotropy, carried using Mn+Zr combined microalloying technologies High material stress corrosion performance.
3, the present invention is heat-treated before forging process for fuel molding to squeezing forging stock, by fixation rates, makes height It is saturated the aluminium alloy extruded blank of component and completes the second mutually transgranular and crystal boundary precipitation, the alloying element melt back of Forge Heating can be promoted, The not molten object of intergranular can be effectively reduced, the second phase of reinforcing of forging is promoted uniformly to be precipitated.
4, binding of the present invention influence of the long-time aging to the type and form of precipitated phase, research shows that:80 DEG C with Lower GP (I) area is uniformly fully precipitated, and also increases as temperature increases its size, reaches the balance of solute atoms and precipitated phase;105 DEG C or more GP (II) area be precipitated, and GP (I) area is quickly precipitated, and to η ' inversion of phases, and 140 DEG C or more (I) areas GP are to η ' inversion of phases Behavior is apparent;170 DEG C or more have reached the back dissolving critical-temperature of the areas GP, and precipitation of material phase behavior is based on the conversion of the areas GP and back dissolving. Sequence is precipitated according to the above hardening constituent in the present invention, it is proposed that a kind of Graded aging can adequately improve material Strengthening and Toughening effect Fruit.
Specific implementation mode
Following example illustrate the novel high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging and its preparation process and technology controlling and process, to really The stabilization for protecting alloy property, so that it is preferably answered in fields such as aerospace, nuclear industry, communications and transportation, sports goods, weapons With.
Embodiment
The mass percent of a kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging, the chemical composition contained and each ingredient is:
Principal component:It is 0.3%~2.0%, Cu is 1.3%~2.4% that Zn, which is 9.8%~12.4%, Mg,;
Other microalloy elements:It is 0.10%~0.60%, Si≤0.08% that Zr, which is 0.04%~0.20%, Mn, Fe≤ 0.10%, Ti≤0.10%, other impurity are single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, surplus Al.
A kind of preparation method of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging, includes the following steps:
Step 1:Founding
It is cast, is obtained using 7075 alloy common processAlloy cast ingot, each ingredient that alloy cast ingot contains And content is shown in Table 1.
The each ingredient and content of 1 alloy cast ingot of table
Step 2:Homogenization Treatments extrusion process
It by alloy cast ingot after Homogenization Treatments, is squeezed, obtains the blank that cross section is rectangle;
Wherein, Homogenization Treatments technique is:First order Homogenization Treatments temperature is 410 DEG C~430 DEG C, keeps the temperature 6 ± 1h;The Two level Homogenization Treatments temperature is 450 DEG C~480 DEG C, soaking time 36h.
Extrusion process is:It is executed by the extrusion process of 7075 alloys;
Wherein, the extrusion ratio of Examples 1 to 8 is 4, and the extrusion ratio of embodiment 9~15 is 6, the extruding of embodiment 15~23 Than being 8.
Step 3:Heat treatment
The blank of rectangle is heat-treated, is first dissolved, solid solubility temperature is 460 DEG C~480 DEG C, is dissolved 1~2h, then passes through After water quenching, ageing treatment is carried out:
Wherein, the institution of prescription of each embodiment use is respectively:The aging treatment process of Examples 1 to 4 is:165℃/ 6h, embodiment 5~8 aging treatment process be:110 DEG C/30h, the aging treatment process of embodiment 9~12 be:120℃/ 30h, embodiment 13~16 aging treatment process be:140 DEG C/20h, the aging treatment process of embodiment 17~20 be:160 DEG C/10h, embodiment 21~23 aging treatment process be:170℃/4h;
By blank forging after ageing treatment at forging, forging technology is executed by 7075 alloys.
Step 4:It is artificial to force timeliness
Examples 1 to 10 is:After forging is quenched, peak value aging treatment process is carried out, obtains using for processing part High-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy, be subsequently processed into required parts, obtain high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging;
Wherein, peak value aging treatment process is:65 DEG C~80 DEG C /+115 DEG C for 24 hours~145 DEG C/10h~30h.
Embodiment 11~23 is:After forging is quenched, Wetted constructures technique is carried out, obtains using for processing part High-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy is subsequently processed into required parts, obtains high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging;
Wherein, Wetted constructures process system is:65 DEG C~80 DEG C/>=+105 DEG C for 24 hours~145 DEG C/>=4h+150 DEG C~ 180 DEG C/6h~30h.
Comparative example 1
A kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy, includes the following steps:
Step 1:Founding
Founding is carried out, alloy is obtained according to 7075 alloy conventional fusion-cast techniques using the component content dispensing of embodiment 1 Ingot casting;
Step 2:Homogenization Treatments
Alloy cast ingot is subjected to Homogenization Treatments, Homogenization Treatments technique is:Homogenization Treatments temperature is 450 DEG C~480 DEG C, soaking time 36h.
Step 3:Heat treatment
By the ingot casting after homogenization, solid solution quenches, after ageing treatment, obtains the aluminum alloy forge piece of traditional handicraft preparation.Its In, solid solubility temperature is 460 DEG C~480 DEG C, is dissolved 1~2h, and institution of prescription is 165 DEG C/6h.
Using the traditional handicraft and the embodiment of the present invention 1 of comparative example 1 using high made of artificial peak value timeliness preparation process The comparison of strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging performance is shown in Table 2.
2 artificial peak value timeliness forging performance of table
Note:In fracture toughness test be oriented to L-T to;
Comparative example 2
A kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy, includes the following steps:
Step 1:Founding
Founding is carried out, alloy is obtained according to 7075 alloy conventional fusion-cast techniques using the component content dispensing of embodiment 11 Ingot casting;
Step 2:Homogenization Treatments
Alloy cast ingot is subjected to Homogenization Treatments, Homogenization Treatments technique is:Homogenization Treatments temperature is 450 DEG C~480 DEG C, soaking time 36h.
Step 3:Heat treatment
By the ingot casting after homogenization, solid solution quenches, after ageing treatment, obtains the aluminum alloy forge piece of traditional handicraft preparation.Its In, solid solubility temperature is 460 DEG C~480 DEG C, is dissolved 1~2h, and institution of prescription is 120 DEG C/30h.
Using the traditional handicraft in comparative example 2 with the embodiment of the present invention 11 using high made of artificial overaging preparation process The comparison of strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging performance is shown in Table 3.
3 artificial overaging forging performance of table

Claims (7)

1. a kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging, which is characterized in that chemical composition that the high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging contains and The mass percent of each ingredient is:It is 0.3%~2.0%, Cu is 1.3%~2.4%, Zr that Zn, which is 9.8%~12.4%, Mg, It is 0.10%~0.60%, Si≤0.08%, Fe≤0.10%, Ti≤0.10%, other impurity for 0.04%~0.20%, Mn Individually≤0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, surplus Al.
2. the preparation method of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging described in claim 1, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1:Founding
By the chemical composition dispensing of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging, after melting sources, through furnace refining, after standing, casting obtains To alloy cast ingot;
Step 2:Homogenization Treatments extrusion process
After alloy cast ingot Homogenization Treatments, extrusion process is carried out, obtains the blank that cross section is rectangle;
The technique of the Homogenization Treatments is:First order Homogenization Treatments temperature is 410 DEG C~430 DEG C, keeps the temperature 6 ± 1h;The Two level Homogenization Treatments temperature is 450 DEG C~480 DEG C, soaking time >=36h;
Step 3:Heat treatment
By blank, solid solution quenches, after ageing treatment, and forging molding obtains forging;Wherein, the technique of the ageing treatment For:110 DEG C~175 DEG C soaking time >=4h;
Step 4:It is artificial to force timeliness
After second of solid solution of forging progress, quenching carries out after being classified artificial pressure ageing treatment, obtains making for processing part High-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging;Wherein, the artificial technique for forcing ageing treatment of the classification is divided into two kinds, respectively: Peak value aging treatment process:65 DEG C~80 DEG C /+115 DEG C for 24 hours~145 DEG C/10h~30h, Wetted constructures technique:65 DEG C~80 DEG C/>=+105 DEG C for 24 hours~145 DEG C/>=4h+150 DEG C~180 DEG C/6h~30h.
3. the preparation method of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step 2, The technique of the extrusion process is:It after alloy cast ingot after Homogenization Treatments is stripped off the skin, is squeezed, extrusion ratio 4-8.
4. the preparation method of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step 3, The solid solubility temperature is 460 DEG C~480 DEG C, and solution time is 1~2h.
5. the preparation method of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step 4, Second of solid solubility temperature is 460 DEG C~480 DEG C, and solution time is 1~2h.
6. a kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging, which is characterized in that using high-strength described in any one of Claims 1 to 5 The preparation method of tenacity aluminum alloy forging is made.
7. high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging as described in claim 1 or 6, which is characterized in that the high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging Ultimate tensile strength >=740MPa, elongation percentage >=10%, T-L is to KⅠc≥29MPam1/2
CN201810634843.5A 2018-06-15 2018-06-15 A kind of high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy forging and preparation method thereof Pending CN108754257A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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CN110172623A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-08-27 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 A kind of high tough aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN110172624A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-08-27 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 A kind of high tough aluminum alloy forge piece and preparation method thereof
CN110423924A (en) * 2019-08-15 2019-11-08 张永伟 A kind of forging and heat treatment process of open die forgings
CN111940999A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-11-17 浙江华远汽车零部件有限公司 Processing method of high-strength high-precision complex-structure aluminum alloy fastener

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CN107619973A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-01-23 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 A kind of process of aluminium alloys for automobile control arm performance boost

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CN111940999A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-11-17 浙江华远汽车零部件有限公司 Processing method of high-strength high-precision complex-structure aluminum alloy fastener

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Application publication date: 20181106