CN110508826A - A kind of efficient electric arc atomising device and a kind of method for preparing ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders - Google Patents

A kind of efficient electric arc atomising device and a kind of method for preparing ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110508826A
CN110508826A CN201910955376.0A CN201910955376A CN110508826A CN 110508826 A CN110508826 A CN 110508826A CN 201910955376 A CN201910955376 A CN 201910955376A CN 110508826 A CN110508826 A CN 110508826A
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level
atomising device
spray gun
fluid
laval
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韩萌
李玉玺
宋灿
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ZIGONG TUNGSTEN CARBIDE CO Ltd
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ZIGONG TUNGSTEN CARBIDE CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201910955376.0A priority Critical patent/CN110508826A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C14/00Alloys based on titanium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/004Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0824Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0836Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with electric or magnetic field or induction

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of efficient electric arc atomising device and a kind of methods for preparing ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders, device includes level-one atomising device and second level atomising device, the level-one atomising device includes level-one spray gun and two ignition tips, the extended line crosspoint of described two ignition tip ends is located on the central axis below the level-one spray gun, the second level atomising device is located at below level-one atomising device, the second level atomising device is annulus shape, so that metal wire material and from level-one spray gun spray into process fluid can pass through from its inner ring through-hole, Laval circumferential weld is additionally provided in the second level atomising device, the Laval circumferential weld is communicated with fluid chamber, it sprays the indoor fluid of fluid cavity by Laval circumferential weld and converges at immediately below the extended line crosspoint of described two ignition tip ends.Using apparatus of the present invention, atomization process twice in succession is carried out to alloy wire, the ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders suitable for 3D printing, efficient quick can be obtained.

Description

A kind of efficient electric arc atomising device and a kind of ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders that prepare Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to alloy atomization device field, more particularly to a kind of efficient electric arc atomising device and it is a kind of prepare it is super The method of fine grain metal alloy powders.
Background technique
In recent years, with the continuous development of 3D printing technique, metal 3D printing technique is unique high multiple in manufacture due to its The advantage of the product of miscellaneous shape, also rapidly develops therewith.Requirement of the metal 3D printing for powder is very high, therefore for Ultra Low-oxygen Content, low satellite ball, fine grain, the demand of high-quality powder without hollow sphere, high apparent density, high flow rate also increase therewith Greatly.And 3D printing is higher and higher to the required precision of product, the powder of ultra-fine grain diameter is also increasingly taken seriously.
The prevailing technology of current production 3D printing metal powder is vacuum gas atomization, but there are powder satellite balls Problem, quality is slightly worse, and fine powder content is lower, cannot fully meet wanting for the 3D printing technique higher and higher to quality requirement It asks.
As it can be seen that the device and technique of the 3D printing metal alloy powders of production ultra-fine grain diameter, are required to be further improved.
Summary of the invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a kind of efficient electric arc atomising devices, can prepare ultra-fine grain diameter gold Belong to alloy powder.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of efficient electric arc atomising device, including level-one atomising device and second level atomising device are provided.
The level-one atomising device includes level-one spray gun and two ignition tips, and the level-one spray gun, which is vertically arranged, makes technique stream The injection direction of body is that from top to bottom, the nozzle of the level-one lance end is Laval nozzle, the cross of the Laval nozzle Section is rectangle;The extended line crosspoint of described two ignition tip ends is located on the central axis below the level-one spray gun; The ignition tip internal diameter is matched with the metal wire material outer diameter that need to be atomized.
In level-one spray gun of the invention, the cross section of Laval nozzle is rectangle rather than circle common in the art, Atomization gas can be accelerated to supersonic speed, made it more appropriate in atomization process.
The second level atomising device is located at below level-one atomising device and is coaxially disposed with level-one spray gun, the second level atomization Device is annulus shape so that metal wire material and from level-one spray gun spray into process fluid can pass through from its inner ring through-hole;It is described The upper surface of second level atomising device is bonded with level-one atomising device bottom;It is hollow formation in the annulus of the second level atomising device Fluid chamber, the second level atomising device side wall are equipped with the fluid line for making process fluid enter fluid chamber, the second level mist Makeup is additionally provided with Laval circumferential weld in setting, and the Laval circumferential weld is communicated with fluid chamber, makes the indoor fluid of fluid cavity It is sprayed and is converged at by Laval circumferential weld immediately below the extended line crosspoint of described two ignition tip ends.
Further, described two ignition tips are symmetrical arranged relative to the central axis of the level-one spray gun, and two are led Sparking plug is coplanar with the central axis three of the level-one spray gun.
In specific embodiment of the present invention, the level height of the crosspoint of the extended line of described two ignition tip ends Not higher than the level height of second level atomising device bottom.
Further, the angle of the central axis of the fluid beam and level-one spray gun that are ejected by the Laval circumferential weld It is 40~75 °.
Further, the ignition tip is connect by cable with extraneous power supply.
In specific embodiment of the present invention, the level-one atomising device further includes level-one mounting base, the level-one peace Dress seat tool has the through-hole of mandrel line therethrough, and the level-one spray gun is installed in level-one mounting base the logical of mandrel line therethrough In hole, the channel installed ignition tip and pass through metal wire material is equipped with inside the level-one mounting base.
The present invention uses wire drawing type wire feeding mode wire feed, it can be ensured that the stability of wire feed process.
In specific embodiment of the present invention, the efficient electric arc atomising device further includes wire feed rolls, and metal wire material is logical It crosses wire feed rolls and enters ignition tip.
Further, the level-one atomising device, second level atomising device, wire feed rolls are respectively positioned in closed furnace body.
The level-one atomising device and second level atomising device are tightly fixed to be installed on bottom of furnace body using external tooling On flange.
Further, the efficient electric arc atomising device further includes atomization tank body, and the atomization tank body and bottom of furnace body are solid Fixed connection, the bottom of furnace body are equipped with duct corresponding with the inner ring lead to the hole site of second level atomising device, make furnace body and atomization tank Internal portion communicates to be atomized particle and to enter in atomization tank body;The atomization tank base is equipped with powder collector.
It further, further include rotoclone collector, the through-hole and mist that the rotoclone collector passes through atomization tank wall Change tank interior to communicate.
Further, the rotoclone collector is connected with bag collection cabinet, and the bag collection cabinet is connected with centrifugal high pressure Blower.
The present invention provides a kind of methods for preparing ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders, which is characterized in that uses above-mentioned height Imitate the preparation of electric arc atomization device.
Further, the method includes following contents:
(1) so that metal wire material is passed through the ignition tip being powered, carry out electric arc melting in the point that two one metal wire materials are in contact;
(2) by level-one lance ejection process fluid, initial atomization is carried out to the molten drop at melting, obtains just not good liquor Drop;
(3) it is passed through process fluid into the gas pipeline of second level atomising device, process fluid is made to pass through Laval circumferential weld To first drop carry out secondary-atomizing to get.
In specific embodiment of the present invention, the process fluid is inert gas and/or nitrogen;Further, institute Stating process fluid is argon gas or nitrogen;Further, the pressure of the process fluid is 0.8~3.0MPa.
Further, in step (1), the electric current of the energization is 320~1000A, the voltage of the energization is 30~ 50V。
Further, in step (1), metal wire material is made to pass through ignition tip using wire drawing type wire feeding mode;Further, The rate of the wire feed is 5~40kg/h.
By suitable wire feed rate, device running can be made more to coordinate, it can also be by adjusting wire feed rate regulating device Nebulization efficiency.
Further, the powder obtained after secondary-atomizing is handled by high energy crusher.
The working cell of high energy crusher is made of the stator and rotor for being covered with hard-metal insert.It is revolved by the high speed of rotor Turn to optimize powder surface state, mutual collision, the friction between powder and stator, powder and rotor, powder acutely can The micro-powder of adsorption is sufficiently separated, while reducing powder surface energy, and then improve apparent density of powder and mobility Effect.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) high-efficiency atomizer structure of the present invention is simple, and equipment cost is low, and operation difficulty is small, and stable production process is controllable, It can be used for preparing ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders, can preferably meet the technique requirement of production 3D printing metal powder.
(2) method of present invention production ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders, using the specific high-efficiency atomizer of the present invention, Simple process is kept metal wire material broken by continuous atomization twice, can be had using inert gas or nitrogen crop atomization gas Effect reduces satellite ball content, and the more existing electric arc atomization of fine powder recovery rate and vacuum gas atomization device are significantly increased, after powder Treatment effeciency is high.Can obtain suitable for the ultra low oxygen content of 3D printing, low satellite ball, fine grain, fill without hollow sphere, high pine it is close The high-quality metal powder of degree, high flow rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is efficiently electric arc atomising device structural schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is level-one atomising device structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is second level atomising device structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the process device figure that the present invention prepares ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders;
In figure: 1 level-one atomising device, 11 level-one spray guns, 12 ignition tips, 13 cables, 14 level-one mounting bases, the atomization of 2 second levels Device, 21 fluid chamber, 22 Laval circumferential welds, 23 inner ring through-holes, 24 fluid conduit systems, 3 wire feed rolls, 4 directive wheels, 5 wire trays, 6 Furnace body, 7 atomization tank bodies, 8 powder collectors, 91 one cyclonic dust-precipitators, 92 second level rotoclone collectors, 101 pipeline butterfly valves, 102 cloth bags Gather dust cabinet, 103 centrifugal high pressure fans.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawing, it is clear that described embodiment It is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that belong to "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", The direction of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" or positional relationship be based on direction or positional relationship described in attached drawing, merely to Convenient for description the present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, It is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, belonging to " level-one ", " second level " only For descriptive purposes, it is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, belong to " installation ", " phase Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected;It can To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected;It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition Concrete meaning in invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of efficient electric arc atomising device, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, including level-one atomising device 1 and second level atomising device 2;
The level-one atomising device 1 includes level-one spray gun 11 and two ignition tips 12, and the level-one spray gun 11 is vertically arranged Make the injection direction of process fluid from top to bottom, the nozzle of 11 end of level-one spray gun is Laval nozzle, the Bearing score The cross section of your nozzle is rectangle;The extended line crosspoint of described two 12 ends of ignition tip is located at 11 lower section of level-one spray gun Central axis on;12 internal diameter of ignition tip is matched with the metal wire material outer diameter that need to be atomized, and the ignition tip 12 passes through electricity Cable 13 is connect with extraneous power supply.
In level-one spray gun of the invention, the cross section of Laval nozzle is rectangle rather than circle common in the art, Atomization gas can be accelerated to supersonic speed, made it more appropriate in atomization process.
The second level atomising device 2 is located at 1 lower section of level-one atomising device and is coaxially disposed with level-one spray gun 11, the second level Atomising device 2 be annulus shape so that metal wire material and from level-one spray gun 11 spray into process fluid can be from its inner ring through-hole 23 Pass through, the second level atomising device 2 is with certain thickness annulus;The upper surface of the second level atomising device 2 and level-one mist The fitting of 1 bottom is set in makeup;To be hollow to form fluid chamber 21, the second level mist in the annulus of the second level atomising device 2 Makeup sets 2 side walls and is equipped with the fluid line 24 for making process fluid enter fluid chamber 21, is additionally provided in the second level atomising device 2 Laval circumferential weld 22, the Laval circumferential weld 22 are communicated with fluid chamber 21, and the fluid in fluid chamber 21 is made to pass through drawing Wa Er type ring seam 22 sprays and converges at the underface of described two 12 terminal extension line crosspoints of ignition tip, passes through the Bearing score The angle of the central axis of fluid beam and level-one spray gun 11 that your type ring seam 22 ejects is 40~75 °.
Electric arc atomization is carried out to metal wire material using apparatus of the present invention, the 3D printing metal alloy powder of ultra-fine grain diameter can be prepared End, working principle are as follows: after metal wire material enters ignition tip, it be in contact in commitment positions and carry out electric arc melting, what melting obtained After process fluid (supersonic speed) initial atomization that liquid is sprayed by level-one spray gun is broken, first drop is obtained.First drop enters After inner ring through-hole in second level atomising device, then it is crushed by the process fluid secondary-atomizing ejected from Laval circumferential weld, Obtain superfines.Big partial size drop substantially eliminates in secondary drop, and secondary-atomizing is crushed and cooling rate is greatly improved, The generation of satellite ball is considerably reduced, powder quality is improved, and more ultra-fine grain diameter powder can be obtained.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, as preferred embodiment: described two ignition tips 12 are sprayed relative to the level-one The central axis of rifle 11 is symmetrical arranged, and two ignition tips 12 are coplanar with the central axis three of the level-one spray gun 11.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, as preferred embodiment: the phase of the extended line of described two 12 ends of ignition tip The level height of intersection point is not higher than the level height of 2 bottom of second level atomising device.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of embodiment 3, as preferred embodiment: the level-one atomising device 1 further includes level-one installation Seat 14, the level-one mounting base 14 have the through-hole of mandrel line therethrough, and the level-one spray gun 11 is installed on level-one mounting base In 14 therethrough in the through-hole of mandrel line, being additionally provided with inside the level-one mounting base 14 can be used for installing ignition tip 12 and can make The channel that metal wire material passes through.
Embodiment 5
On the basis of embodiment 4, as preferred embodiment: further including wire feed rolls 3, metal as shown in figures 1-4 Silk material enters ignition tip 12 by wire feed rolls 3;The level-one atomising device 12, second level atomising device 2, wire feed rolls 3 are respectively positioned on close In the furnace body 6 closed.The level-one atomising device and second level atomising device are tightly fixed to be installed on furnace body bottom using external tooling On the flange at end.
By the way of wire feed rolls wire feed, wire tray 5 first passes through directive wheel 4, then by wire feed rolls wire feed, can better ensure that The stability of metal wire material charging.
The efficient electric arc atomising device further includes atomization tank body 7, and the atomization tank body 7 is fixedly connected with 6 bottom of furnace body, 6 bottom of furnace body is equipped with duct corresponding with 23 position of inner ring through-hole of second level atomising device 2, makes furnace body 6 and atomization tank body 7 Inside communicates to be atomized particle and enter in atomization tank body 7;7 bottom of atomization tank body is equipped with powder collector 8.
The efficient electric arc atomising device further includes rotoclone collector, and in the present embodiment, the rotoclone collector includes one Grade rotoclone collector 91 and second level rotoclone collector 92 lead between the one cyclonic dust-precipitator 91 and second level rotoclone collector 92 Piping is connected, and communicates inside the through-hole and atomization tank body 7 that the one cyclonic dust-precipitator 91 passes through atomization 7 side wall of tank body, The second level rotoclone collector 92 is connected with bag collection cabinet 102, and the bag collection cabinet 102 is connected with centrifugal high pressure fan 103。
In the present invention, the wire feed rolls usedFurnace body, atomization tank body, rotoclone collector, bag collection cabinet, high pressure Centrifugal blower is the existing usual means in this field, no longer needs to repeat its structure or principle.
In the present embodiment, wire feed wheel diameter is 70mm, with a thickness of 10mm, the arc groove of Intermediate Gray R10mm, groove depth 0.5mm. Furnace diameter >=1800mm, height >=800mm;Bell diameter >=1800mm, bell height >=600mm;Band cooling water sandwich.Atomization Tank diameter >=1400mm is highly >=2800mm;Bottom is cone, cone height >=1000mm;Band cooling water sandwich.Whirlwind Dust-precipitator is regular industrial rotoclone collector, and three-level is gathered dust, and wherein level-one is gathered dust with cooling water sandwich.Wherein, cooling water presss from both sides The main purpose of layer setting is to reduce equipment surface temperature, to reduce gained powder temperature, avoids Powder Oxidation, drops simultaneously Temperature in low working environment.Bag collection cabinet and centrifugal high pressure fan are matched with rotoclone collector.
Embodiment 6~8 is that the embodiment of submicron metal, work are prepared using efficient electric arc atomising device of the invention Skill fluid is all made of gas, i.e. process gas.It is all that process gas and wire feed opening sequence is not specified, it is to first pass through level-one mist Disguise the first order jet nozzle set to supply gas, be then turned on wire feed, passes through Laval circumferential weld spray technology gas again later.It is all that silk is not specified Diameter, it is all made of2.0mm silk material.High energy crusher is that can pass through the conventional equipment of commercially available purchase.
The preparation of 6 ultra-fine grain diameter powder of embodiment
The wire tray 5 that two disk weight are the ferrous alloy silk material of 15kg is fixed in furnace body, by silk material fracture using file Knife rounding.Furnace body top cap is closed, then by furnace body and tank interior gas displacement is high pure nitrogen.
Alloy wire passes through first through directive wheel 4, then from wire feed rolls 3, by the ignition tip in level-one atomising device, finally exists Commitment positions are in contact.
Opening conduits butterfly valve opens centrifugal high pressure fan, opens wire feed, power transmission, process gas switch, starts to be atomized, work Skill gas uses high pure nitrogen;Wherein, the used electric current of electric arc melting is 800A, voltage 38V, electric arc melting first order jet nozzle mist Change pressure is 0.5MPa, and Laval circumferential weld atomizing pressure is 2.0MPa, nebulization efficiency about 27kg/h.
Receive powder after high energy crusher post-processes and improves apparent density and mobility, tentatively picked using 40 mesh screens Except atomized alloy silk residue, through detecting 230 mesh (63 μm) following powder > 90%.Apparent density of powder 4.50g/cm3, powder stream Fast 12.4s/50g.
Fe-based alloy powder made from the present embodiment, chemical constituent are (weight percent): Ni (nickel): 10~14%;Cr (chromium): 16~18%;Mo (molybdenum): 2~3%;Mn (manganese) :≤2%;Si (silicon) :≤1%;C (carbon) :≤0.03%;S (sulphur) :≤ 0.03%;P (phosphorus) :≤0.045%;O (oxygen) :≤0.015;Fe (iron): surplus.
The preparation of 7 ultra-fine grain diameter powder of embodiment
The wire tray 5 that two disk weight are the nickel-base alloy silk material of 20kg is fixed in furnace body, by silk material fracture using file Knife rounding.Furnace body top cap is closed, then by furnace body and tank interior gas displacement is high pure nitrogen.
Alloy wire passes through first through directive wheel 4, then from wire feed rolls 3, by the ignition tip in level-one atomising device, finally exists Commitment positions are in contact.
Opening conduits butterfly valve opens centrifugal high pressure fan, opens wire feed, power transmission, process gas switch, starts to be atomized, work Skill gas uses high pure nitrogen;Wherein, the used electric current of electric arc melting is 800A, voltage 40V, and first order jet nozzle atomizing pressure is 0.8MPa, Laval circumferential weld atomizing pressure are 2.0MPa, nebulization efficiency about 30kg/h.
Receive powder after high energy crusher post-processes and improves apparent density and mobility, tentatively picked using 40 mesh screens Except atomized alloy silk residue, through detecting 230 mesh (63 μm) following powder > 90%.Apparent density of powder 4.95g/cm3, powder stream Fast 12.8s/50g.
Nickel-base alloy powder made from the present embodiment, chemical constituent are (weight percent): Ni (nickel): 50~55%;Cr (chromium): 17~21%;Mo (molybdenum): 2.8~3.3%;Nb (niobium): 4.75~5.50%;Al (aluminium): 0.2~0.8%;Ti (titanium): 0.65~1.15%;C (carbon) :≤0.08%;Mn (manganese) :≤0.35%;Si (silicon) :≤0.35%;Co (cobalt) :≤1%;P (phosphorus) :≤0.01;S (sulphur) :≤0.01;Cu (copper) :≤0.3%;B (boron) :≤0.006%;O (oxygen) :≤0.015;Fe (iron): (surplus).
The preparation of 8 ultra-fine grain diameter powder of embodiment
The wire tray 5 that two disk weight are the titanium alloy wire materials of 12kg is fixed in furnace body, silk material fracture is used into file Rounding.Furnace body top cap is closed, then by furnace body and tank interior gas displacement is high pure nitrogen.
Alloy wire passes through first through directive wheel 4, then from wire feed rolls 3, by the ignition tip in level-one atomising device, finally exists Commitment positions, which are in contact, carries out electric arc melting.
Opening conduits butterfly valve opens centrifugal high pressure fan, opens wire feed, power transmission, process gas switch, starts to be atomized, work Skill gas uses high pure nitrogen;Wherein, the used electric current of electric arc melting is 900A, voltage 40V, and first order jet nozzle atomizing pressure is 1.0MPa, Laval circumferential weld atomizing pressure are 3.0MPa, nebulization efficiency about 20kg/h.
Receive powder after high energy crusher post-processes and improves apparent density and mobility, tentatively picked using 40 mesh screens Except atomized alloy silk residue, through detecting 270 mesh (53 μm) following powder > 90%.Apparent density of powder 2.60g/cm3, powder stream Fast 25.7s/50g.
Fe-based alloy powder made from the present embodiment, chemical constituent are (weight percent): Al (aluminium): 5.5%~ 6.75%;V (vanadium): 3.5%~4.5%;Fe (iron) :≤0.3%;C (carbon) :≤0.08%;N (nitrogen) :≤0.05%;H (hydrogen): ≤ 0.015%;O (oxygen) :≤0.2%;Ti (titanium): surplus.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of efficient electric arc atomising device, which is characterized in that including level-one atomising device (1) and second level atomising device (2);
The level-one atomising device includes level-one spray gun (11) and two ignition tips (12), and the level-one spray gun, which is vertically arranged, makes work The injection direction of skill fluid is that from top to bottom, the nozzle of the level-one lance end is Laval nozzle, the Laval nozzle Cross section be rectangle;The extended line crosspoint of described two ignition tip ends is located at the central axis below the level-one spray gun On;The ignition tip internal diameter is matched with the metal wire material outer diameter that need to be atomized;
The second level atomising device is located at below level-one atomising device and is coaxially disposed with level-one spray gun, the second level atomising device For annulus shape, so as to metal wire material and can pass through from the process fluid that level-one spray gun sprays into from its inner ring through-hole (23);It is described The upper surface of second level atomising device is bonded with level-one atomising device bottom;It is hollow formation in the annulus of the second level atomising device Fluid chamber (21), the second level atomising device side wall are equipped with the fluid line (24) for making process fluid enter fluid chamber, institute It states and is additionally provided in second level atomising device Laval circumferential weld (22), the Laval circumferential weld is communicated with fluid chamber, makes fluid Under the indoor fluid of chamber sprays by Laval circumferential weld and converges at the extended line crosspoints of described two ignition tip ends just Side.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described two ignition tips are relative in the level-one spray gun Mandrel line is symmetrical arranged, and two ignition tips are coplanar with the central axis three of the level-one spray gun.
3. the apparatus of claim 2, which is characterized in that the crosspoint of the extended line of described two ignition tip ends Level height is not higher than the level height of second level atomising device bottom.
4. the apparatus of claim 2, which is characterized in that the fluid beam ejected by the Laval circumferential weld with The angle of the central axis of level-one spray gun is 40~75 °.
5. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ignition tip is connected by cable (13) and extraneous power supply It connects.
6. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the level-one atomising device further includes level-one mounting base (14), the level-one mounting base has the through-hole of mandrel line therethrough, and the level-one spray gun, which is installed in level-one mounting base, to be passed through It wears in the through-hole of center axis thereof, the channel for being equipped with installation ignition tip inside the level-one mounting base and passing through metal wire material.
7. a kind of method for preparing ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders, which is characterized in that using any one of claim 1~6 institute The device preparation stated;
Further, the method includes following contents:
(1) so that metal wire material is passed through the ignition tip being powered, carry out electric arc melting in the point that two one metal wire materials are in contact;
(2) by level-one lance ejection process fluid, initial atomization is carried out to the molten drop at melting, obtains first drop;
(3) it is passed through process fluid into the gas pipeline of second level atomising device, makes process fluid by Laval circumferential weld to first Secondary drop carry out secondary-atomizing to get.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the process fluid is inert gas and/or nitrogen;Into one Step ground, the process fluid are argon gas or nitrogen;Further, the pressure of the process fluid is 0.8~3.0MPa.
9. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that in step (1), the electric current of the energization is 320~ 1000A, the voltage of the energization are 30~50V.
Further, in step (1), metal wire material is made to pass through ignition tip using wire drawing type wire feeding mode;Further, described The rate of wire feed is 5~40kg/h.
10. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that broken by high energy to the powder obtained after secondary-atomizing Machine processing.
CN201910955376.0A 2019-10-09 2019-10-09 A kind of efficient electric arc atomising device and a kind of method for preparing ultra-fine grain diameter metal alloy powders Pending CN110508826A (en)

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