CN106392088A - Metal atomizing and electric field sorting device and method - Google Patents
Metal atomizing and electric field sorting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106392088A CN106392088A CN201610797297.8A CN201610797297A CN106392088A CN 106392088 A CN106392088 A CN 106392088A CN 201610797297 A CN201610797297 A CN 201610797297A CN 106392088 A CN106392088 A CN 106392088A
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- metal
- electric field
- atomization
- powder
- tundish
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/02—Separators
- B03C7/12—Separators with material falling free
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation whereby the particles to be separated are in solid form
Abstract
The invention relates to a metal atomizing and electric field sorting device and method and belongs to the technical field of metal powder preparation. In the device, a metal smelting furnace is connected with a tundish above an atomizing tank through an infusion pipe, the tundish is internally provided with a charge supply bar connected with a charge feeder, a weighing device is installed below the tundish, and the weighing device is connected with the atomizing tank through a base; a flow guiding pipe is installed on the bottom of the tundish, and an atomizer is installed under a stem bar in the atomizing tank; a horizontal metal plate electrode connected with a direct-current voltage source is installed over the atomizer, circular metal plate electrodes connected with the direct-current voltage source are installed on the outer side of the atomizer and the inner side of the atomizing tank, and the lower portion of the atomizing tank is connected with an annular powder classification collector; and discharging openings of different collecting zones of the annular powder classification collector are connected with a transition material storage tank and a powder collecting cylinder which are below the annular powder classification collector through pneumatic butterfly valves. According to the metal atomizing and electric field sorting device and method, metal atomizing and electric field sorting device is organically combined and can prepare metal powder which is high in preparation difficulty and high in quality grade requirement for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal atomization and electric field select separating device and method, it is collection centrifugal atomizing or ultrasonic atomizatio powder
The technology integrated with electric field Separation process, this apparatus and method can be applicable to middle low-temperature metal powder preparation, belongs to metal powder
Last preparing technical field.
Background technology
Now with all kinds of high-tech products to the trend development such as integrated, miniaturization, personalization, meanwhile, with processing
The development of manufacturing technology, such as 3D printing technique are used in bio-medical, automobile making, Aero-Space, machining and daily life
Application in product；The application of electronics paster printing technology, makes the interconnection package of integrated circuit be changed into welding powder from the welding of traditional welding wire
The paster printing of mastic.This all will bring the quick increase of high grade function powder material demand.But, this is also to metal powder
The pattern at end, granularity, the harsher requirement of feature extraction of the powder body such as oxygen content, such as sphericity height, the little narrowly distributing of particle diameter, oxygen
Content is low, and some of which metal dust is softer or organizational structure internal stress is larger, and preparation process is easily deformed, or collides with and easily break
Bad organizational structure, therefore will prepare atomized fractionation technology to current powder body and raise new difficuties.
At present, have been developed that the atomization preparation of various metals powder body both at home and abroad and select separating device.Chinese patent
CN200410079654 proposes a kind of centrifugal atomizing and powder classification non-integral technology of preparing, and preparation time is restricted not
Can continuously be atomized for a long time, powder quality be controlled and brings adverse effect；Chinese patent CN200410021160 proposes a kind of profit
Prepare the device of low oxygen content solder powder with centrifugal atomizing, but, this preparation method powder classification passes through to control centrifugal atomizing
The rotating speed of motor, and change atomization environment Media density, the method to realize different-grain diameter classification, the method technique controlling difficulty
Big grading precision not, is difficult to the control to ultra-fine powder content simultaneously, and is unfavorable for obtaining preferable powder shape
Looks.The powder classification technology that Chinese patent CN201210212549 and CN201010623153 is related to, is all using on screen(ing) machine
Different mesh screening media are installed and obtain required particle diameter method, this mechanical grading method, screen cloth easily blocks up, screening effect can with mesh by
When gradually blocking and be deteriorated, therefore screen size is unstable, and sieving micropowder or density compared with Amylum Tritici Testa, can there are a large amount of floating powder,
Requirement is unable to reach to this product granularity precision controlling difference.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, solve the deficiency of prior art, adapt to the demand for development of metal-powder technology of preparing, carry
Go out a kind of centrifugal atomizing or ultrasonic atomizatio of integrating and divide, with electric field choosing, the device and method preparing high grade metal dust.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes technical scheme below：
A kind of metal atomization and electric field select separating device, this device include smelting furnace, tube for transfusion, tundish, electric charge supply rod,
Electric charge feeder, weighing apparatus, pedestal, mozzle and stem bar, horizontal metal plate electrode, atomization tank, nebulizer, dust-proof insulating boot,
Earthing pole, circular ring metal plate electrode, direct voltage source, annulus shape powder classification catcher, Pneumatic butterfly valve, transitional storage tank and
Receive powder drum etc.；Metal smelting-furnace is connected with the tundish above atomization tank through tube for transfusion, is provided with and supplies with electric charge in tundish
The electric charge supply rod being connected to device, installs the weighing apparatus of monitoring liquid weight, weighing apparatus pass through pedestal and atomization tank phase below tundish
Even；Mozzle is arranged on tundish bottom, and stem bar is arranged at the bottom of mozzle, by stem bar, molten metal is delivered to nebulizer
On, nebulizer is arranged on immediately below stem bar in atomization tank；The horizontal metal being connected with direct voltage source is installed directly over nebulizer
Plate electrode, outside nebulizer with the circular ring metal plate electrode being connected with direct voltage source, atomization tank are installed inside atomization tank
Lower section is connected with annulus shape powder classification catcher；Annulus shape powder classification catcher not same district collection belt drain hole pass through pneumatic
Butterfly valve is connected with lower section transitional storage tank, and last transitional storage tank passes through Pneumatic butterfly valve and is connected with receiving powder drum.
It is the metal powder that Metal Melting, atomization, electric field choosing point are integrated in one that above-mentioned metal atomization and electric field select separating device
Last preparation facilitiess.
Described smelting furnace is vacuum induction heating furnace or vacuum resistance heating furnace.Refractory metal is installed on tube for transfusion
Valve, for controlling the opening and closing of tube for transfusion.
It is provided with temperature thermocouple and electric charge supply rod in described tundish, be externally provided with heating and heat-insulating device, and outermost
Equipped with insulating barrier, such as ceramic jacket, boron nitride covers etc. layer.
Tundish, mozzle are respectively arranged with thermometric heater and keep the molten metal degree of superheat, and outer wall is equipped with insulating barrier
As ceramic jacket, boron nitride set etc..
Electric charge supply rod within tundish is connected with electric charge feeder, described electric charge feeder is induction machine,
One of friction generator or DC source electrode.
Described nebulizer is one of centrifugal atomizer, ultrasound atomizer, and centrifugal atomizing rotating disk and ultrasonic head peace
Dress pedestal is made by high-temperature insulation material, such as pottery, boron nitride etc..
Described atomization tank wall has water-cooling jacket, is provided with insulating barrier inside atomization tank, and tank body is connected with earthing pole.
Equipped with circle ring plate electrodes and roundlet annular plate electrodes between outside nebulizer and inside atomization tank,
The blind plate interface that passes through respectively to insulate is connected with the positive and negative electrode of direct voltage source, or side is connected with direct voltage source, opposite side and
Earthing pole connects.
Apparatus of the present invention also include dust-proof insulating boot；Dust-proof insulating boot is arranged on the top of roundlet annular plate electrodes,
Nebulizer is played with the effect of proofing dust and protecting.
Described annulus shape powder classification catcher is connected with earthing pole；The receipts of described annulus shape powder classification catcher
Collection zone quantity needs to design according to the classification preparing powder, typically point 3-6 collection belt.
The drain hole of each collection belt is all connected with respective transitional storage tank by drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valve；Each transition
Storage tank is passed through discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valve and is connected with respective receipts powder drum respectively.
A kind of metal atomization and electric field choosing point method, prepare including atomization tank atmosphere, molten metal conveys and controls, metal
Powder by atomization, electric field choosing point, powder collecting processes, specific implementation step is as follows：
(1) by atomization tank after evacuation filling with inert gas (nitrogen, argon, helium etc.), to ensure atomization environment
Pressure and oxygen content；
(2) molten metal in smelting furnace is delivered in tundish by tube for transfusion, and metal in tundish is controlled by PLC
Liquid level and the degree of superheat；Tundish inner metal liquid is connected with electric charge supply rod and obtains electric charge, and passes through under gravity to lead
Flow tube and stem bar flow on nebulizer, carry out atomization by nebulizer and form charged metal drop；
(3) electric field that intersects vertically that charged metal drop is formed between horizontal metal plate electrode and circular ring metal plate electrode
Under effect, flight, cooling, solidification form powder, are acted on by electric field force simultaneously, because molten drop particle diameter is different, so band
Electricity is just different, so makes the electric field force that different-grain diameter molten drop is subject to different, therefore different-grain diameter drop presses different tracks
Flight, realizes different size diameter powders and flies in zones of different；
(4) pass through the annulus shape powder classification catcher below atomization tank separately to receive different-grain diameter size metal dust
Collection, thus realizing powder size classification, completing metal dust and being continuously atomized choosing point preparation process.
In step (1), the pressure of described atomization environment can be 0.01-0.4MPa, and oxygen content is 10-800PPm.
In step (2), the control of described tundish inner metal liquid position height and the molten metal degree of superheat, is by collection
Between thermocouple signal in bag lower section weighing apparatus and tundish, controlled using PLC on infusion pipeline the opening and closing of refractory metal valve and
The break-make of tundish external heating device, to realize the control to tundish inner metal liquid position height and the degree of superheat.
The described tundish inner metal liquid degree of superheat is 15-180 DEG C, and molten metal flows to atomization by mozzle and stem bar
The flow of device is mainly controlled by liquid level, and its flow is 10-180Kg/h, and control accuracy is less than ± 3Kg/h.
In step (3), described horizontal metal plate electrode is connected with the consistent one end of molten drop polarity with direct voltage source
Connect, circular ring metal plate electrode by being connected with the both positive and negative polarity of direct voltage source, or side be connected with DC source opposite side with
Earthing pole connects, and to produce the metal dust choosing point electric field intersecting vertically, electric field intensity is 5V/m-800kV/m.
What drop was formed between horizontal metal plate electrode and circular ring metal plate electrode intersects vertically under electric field action, can
Reduce Surface Tension of Liquid Drops and atomization resistance, and less droplet, the diameter Distribution of droplet can be broken under electric field force effect
Evenly.And the electric field skin effect with same sex electric charge drop outer surface of spheroid makes to arrange mutually between each molten drop
Scold, so greatly reduce drop in atomization process and mutually collide and adhere to, so that metal-powder adhesion and reunion probability is obtained substantially
Reduce.Under electric field action, flight, cooling, solidification form powder and can be acted on by electric field force simultaneously charged metal drop.Due to
Molten drop particle diameter is different, so carried charge is just different, so makes the electric field force that different-grain diameter molten drop is subject to different, therefore not
Press different track flights with particle diameter drop, just can be by different grains by the annulus shape powder classification catcher below atomization tank
Footpath size metal dust separates, thus realizing powder size classification.Fall annulus shape powder classification catcher not same district collection belt
Interior metal dust, by the transitional storage tank that turns on into of drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valve, under transitional storage tank powder inside passes through
Portion's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valve turns on into receipts powder drum, completes the preparation of metal dust.
Different-grain diameter powder is made a distinction method using electric field by the present invention, can be required according to preparation powder size, lead to
Cross change electric field intensity to adjust the deflection angle of different-grain diameter powder, that is, produce different fall trajectory, and then realize to it
What powder size was classified is precisely controlled.
Metal atomization can be combined by the present invention with electric field Separation process, can prepare that ultra-fine, sphericity is high, particle diameter
Little narrowly distributing, oxygen content are low, powder is big compared with soft yielding, destructible organizational structure etc. of colliding with preparation difficulty, and quality grade requires
High metal dust.The electric field choosing point method of the present invention, can disposably be classified out multiple particle size distribution products, realize high efficiency,
In high precision, long continuous, inexpensive, environmental protection classification.
The present invention can be used for being atomized the element such as Sn, Bi, Pb, Cu, Ag, Sb, Zn, Si, Al, P, Mn, Ni and its alloy, should
Extremely extensive with scope, prepare metal dust granularity be 0.5-100 μm, oxygen content be 10-500PPm.
Below by the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described, but is not meant to the present invention is protected
The restriction of shield scope.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is a kind of metal atomization and electric field selects separating device structural representation.
Fig. 2-1 is annulus shape powder catcher structural representation；Fig. 2-2 is drawing in side sectional elevation.
Fig. 3-1 is electric field schematic diagram between circular ring metal plate electrode；Fig. 3-2 is drawing in side sectional elevation.
Tu4Shi bis- area's collection belt SnAg3Cu0.5 powder laser particle size distribution.
Tu5Shi bis- area's collection belt SnAg3Cu0.5 powder stereoscan photograph.
Tu6Shi bis- area's collection belt SnBi58 powder laser particle size distribution.
Tu7Shi bis- area's collection belt SnBi58 powder stereoscan photograph.
Main Reference Numerals explanation：
1 smelting furnace 2 tube for transfusion
3 tundish 4 electric charge supply rod
5 electric charge feeder 6 weighing apparatus
7 pedestal 8 mozzle and stem bar
9 horizontal metal plate electrode 10 atomization tank
The dust-proof insulating boot of 11 nebulizer 12
13 first earthing pole 14 circle ring plate electrodes
15 roundlet annular plate electrodes 16 direct voltage sources one
16 ' direct voltage source 2 17 insulation blind plate interface
18 annulus shape powder classification catcher 19 second earthing pole
20 1 area's collection belt 21 2 area's collection belt
22 3 area's collection belt 23 4 area's collection belt
24 1 area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valve 25 2 area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valve
26 3 area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valve 27 4 area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valve
28 transitional storage tank 29 1 area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valve
30 2 area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valve 31 3 area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valve
Powder drum is received in 32 4 area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valve 33 1 area
34th 2 area receive powder drum 35 3 area and receive powder drum
Powder drum is received in 36th 4 area
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, selecting separating device structural representation for metal atomization and electric field, this device includes smelting furnace 1, tube for transfusion
2nd, tundish 3, electric charge supply rod 4, electric charge feeder 5, weighing apparatus 6, pedestal 7, mozzle and stem bar 8, horizontal metal plate electrode
9th, atomization tank 10, nebulizer 11, dust-proof insulating boot 12, the first earthing pole 13, the second earthing pole 19, circle ring plate electrodes
14th, roundlet annular plate electrodes 15, direct voltage source 1, direct voltage source 2 16 ', insulation blind plate interface 17, annulus shape
Powder classification catcher 18, Pneumatic butterfly valve, transitional storage tank and receipts powder drum etc..
Atomization tank 10 tank skin equipped with chuck and carries out water-cooled, and equipped with insulating barrier inside atomization tank 10, tank body and first is grounded
Pole 13 connects.Metal smelting-furnace 1 is vacuum induction heating furnace or vacuum resistance heating furnace, by tube for transfusion 2 and atomization tank 10
Square tundish 3 is connected, and installs refractory metal valve on tube for transfusion 2 for controlling the opening and closing of tube for transfusion 2.It is provided with tundish 3
Temperature thermocouple and electric charge supply rod 4, are externally provided with heating and heat-insulating device and outermost layer are equipped with insulating barrier such as ceramic jacket, boron nitride
Set etc..Electric charge supply rod within tundish 34 is connected with electric charge feeder 5, electric charge feeder 5 generally induction machine,
Friction generator or DC source electrode, produce positive charge using induction machine in present embodiment, just make molten metal band
Electricity.The weighing apparatus 6 of monitoring liquid weight are installed in tundish 3 lower section, and weighing apparatus 6 are connected with atomization tank 10 by pedestal 7.Mozzle and stream
Mouth 8 is arranged on tundish 3 bottom and is delivered to molten metal on nebulizer 11 by stem bar.Nebulizer 11 is arranged in atomization tank 10
Immediately below stem bar, nebulizer 11 is centrifugal atomizer or ultrasound atomizer, adopts centrifugal atomizer in present embodiment.Atomization
Directly over device 11, the horizontal metal plate electrode 9 being connected with direct voltage source 2 16 ' is installed, horizontal metal plate electricity in present embodiment
Pole 9 is connected with the positive pole of direct voltage source 2 16 '.Equipped with circle ring metal between nebulizer 11 outside and atomization tank 10 inner side
Plate electrode 14 and roundlet annular plate electrodes 15, two circular ring metal plate electrodes pass through respectively to insulate blind plate interface 17 with straight
The positive and negative electrode of stream voltage source 1 connects, or side is connected opposite side and the first earthing pole 13 or the with direct voltage source 1
Two earthing poles 19 connect.In present embodiment, circle ring plate electrodes 14 connect the negative pole of direct voltage source 1, small circle ring
Shape plate electrodes 15 connect the positive pole of direct voltage source 1.Dust-proof insulating boot 12 is arranged on roundlet annular plate electrodes 15
Top, plays the effect of proofing dust and protecting to nebulizer 11.It is connected with annulus shape powder classification catcher 18 below atomization tank 10, and
Annulus shape powder classification catcher 18 is connected with the second earthing pole 19.As shown in Fig. 2 annulus shape powder classification catcher 18,
Shi You mono- area's collection belt 20, two area's collection belts 21, three area's collection belts 22, four area's collection belts 23 are welded to form, and an area, 2nd area,
3rd area, four area's collection belt drain holes are pneumatic by area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valve 24, two area's collection belt drain holes respectively
Butterfly valve 25, the mistake of three area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valves 26, four area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valves 27 and each area collection belt
Cross storage tank 28 to be connected.Each the transitional storage tank 28 of collection belt passes through area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valve 29, two area's discharging implications
Dynamic butterfly valve 30, three area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valves 31, four area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valves 32 receive powder drum 33 with an area respectively, powder is received in 2nd area
Powder drum 35 is received in cylinder 34, three area, 4th area receive powder drum 36 and are connected.
The metal atomization of the present invention and an electric field choosing point method, include atomization tank atmosphere prepare, molten metal conveying and control,
Metal atomization powder, electric field choosing point, powder collecting processes, specific implementation step is as follows：
(1) by atomization tank 10 after evacuation filling with inert gas (nitrogen, argon, helium etc.), to ensure atomization environment
Pressure be 0.01-0.4MPa, oxygen content be 10-800PPm.
(2) molten metal in smelting furnace 1 is delivered in tundish 3 by tube for transfusion 2.Claimed by gathering tundish 3 lower section
Thermocouple signal in treasure 6 and tundish 3, controlled using PLC on infusion pipeline the opening and closing of special construction refractory metal valve and
The break-make of tundish 3 external heating device, realizes the control to metal liquid level height and the degree of superheat.By to metal in tundish 3
The control of liquid level, can achieve that being precisely controlled deviation to atomization flow is usually no more than ± 3Kg/h, the molten metal degree of superheat one
As be 15-180 DEG C.Tundish 3 inner metal liquid is connected with electric charge supply rod 4 and obtains electric charge, and pass through under gravity to lead
Flow tube and stem bar 8 flow on nebulizer 11, carry out atomization by nebulizer 11 and form charged metal drop.
(3) charged aerosolized liquid droplets are in horizontal metal plate electrode 9 and circle ring plate electrodes 14, roundlet annular metal sheet
Formed between electrode 15 (as shown in Figure 3) intersects vertically under electric field action, and flight, cooling, solidification form powder and can be subject to simultaneously
Electric field force acts on, and because molten drop particle diameter is different, so carried charge is just different, so that different-grain diameter molten drop is subject to
Electric field force is different, therefore different-grain diameter drop presses different track flights, realizes different size diameter powders and flies in zones of different
OK.
(4) the annulus shape powder classification catcher 18 passing through atomization tank 10 lower section just can be by different-grain diameter size metal powder
Last separate collection, thus realize powder size classification.Fall gold not in the collection belt of same district for the annulus shape powder classification catcher 18
Belong to powder, put by area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valve 24, two area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valves 25, three area's collection belts
Material mouth Pneumatic butterfly valve 26, four area's collection belt drain hole Pneumatic butterfly valves 27 turn on into the transitional storage tank 28 of each area collection belt, respectively
Transitional storage tank 28 powder inside of area's collection belt passes through bottom one area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valve 29, two area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valves
30th, three area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valves 31, four area's discharging opening Pneumatic butterfly valve 32 are opened and are respectively enterd area's receipts powder drum 33, two areas' receipts powder
Powder drum 35 is received in cylinder 34, three area, powder drum 36 is received in 4th area, completes metal dust and is continuously atomized choosing point preparation process.
Above-mentioned using electric field, different-grain diameter powder is made a distinction method, can according to preparation powder size require, pass through
Change electric field intensity to adjust the deflection angle of different-grain diameter powder, that is, produce different fall trajectory, and then realize to its powder
Being precisely controlled of last grading, electric field intensity adjustable extent is 5V/m-800kV/m.
Embodiment 1
Choose Sn, Ag, Cu by weight ratio 96.5%, 3%, 0.5% and add in vacuum resistance smelting furnace 1, by atomization tank
10 pass through evacuation, and vacuum reaches 2 × 10-2After Pa, filling with inert gas (nitrogen, argon, helium etc.), makes the pressure of atomization environment
Power is 0.02MPa, and oxygen content is 10-400PPm.Then pass through tube for transfusion 2 to input molten metal in tundish 3, control middle
Wrapping the molten metal degree of superheat in 3 and be 120-160 DEG C, and so that electric charge supply rod 4 is connected with the induction machine producing positive charge is made
Molten metal obtains electric charge, and molten metal passes through mozzle and stem bar stream 8 on centrifugal atomizer 11 under gravity, passes through
Atomization motor makes molten metal be atomized with the rotating speed of 60000rpm.After atomization, charged drop is in horizontal metal plate electrode 9 and great circle
Formed between endless metal plate electrode 14, roundlet annular plate electrodes 15 intersects vertically under electric field 5V/m-800kV/m effect,
Flight, cooling, solidification form powder and realize powder size classification simultaneously, and after classification, powder is through annulus shape powder classification catcher
18th, transitional storage tank 28, are respectively charged into an area and receive powder drum 33, two areas' receipts powder drum 34, three areas' receipts powder drum 35, four areas' receipts powder drum 36
In.Analysis understands that the granularity of 34 powder in powder drum is received as shown in Figure 4 (18-38 μm) by 2nd area after tested, and pattern is as shown in figure 5, oxygen
Content 80PPm.
Embodiment 2
Choose Sn, Bi by weight ratio 42%, 58% to add in vacuum resistance smelting furnace 1, atomization tank 10 is true by taking out
Sky, vacuum reaches 1 × 10-2Filling with inert gas (nitrogen, argon, helium etc.) after Pa, the pressure making atomization environment is
0.02MPa, oxygen content is 40-200PPm.Then pass through tube for transfusion 2 to input molten metal in tundish 3, control tundish 3
The interior molten metal degree of superheat is 80-120 DEG C, and makes electric charge supply rod 4 to be connected and make metal with the induction machine producing positive charge
Liquation obtains electric charge, and molten metal passes through mozzle and stem bar 8 flows on centrifugal atomizer 11 under gravity, by atomization
Motor makes molten metal be atomized with the rotating speed of 50000rpm.After atomization, charged drop is in horizontal metal plate electrode 9 and circle ring
Formed between plate electrodes 14, roundlet annular plate electrodes 15 intersects vertically under electric field 5V/m-800kV/m effect, flight,
Cooling, solidification form powder and realize powder size classification simultaneously, and after classification, powder is through annulus shape powder classification catcher 18, mistake
Cross storage tank 28, be respectively charged into area's receipts powder drum 33, powder drum 34 are received in 2nd area, powder drum 35 are received in 3rd area, 4th area receive in powder drum 36.Through surveying
Examination analysis understands that the granularity of powder in powder drum 34 is received as shown in Figure 6 (25-43 μm) by 2nd area, and pattern is as shown in fig. 7, oxygen content
65PPm.
Metal atomization and electric field are selected separating device to combine by the present invention, prepare including atomization tank atmosphere, metal melts
Multiple processes such as liquid conveying and control, the choosing point of metal atomization powder, electric field, powder collection.Ultra-fine, ball can continuously be prepared for a long time
Shape degree height, the little narrowly distributing of particle diameter, oxygen content are low, powder is big compared with soft yielding, destructible organizational structure etc. of colliding with preparation difficulty, matter
The metal dust that amount grade has high demands, and can disposably be classified out multiple particle size distribution products using electric field choosing point method.
Furthermore, it is necessary to illustrate, the specific embodiment described in this specification, its each several part title etc. can not
With, all equivalent or simple change done according to the construction described in inventional idea of the present invention, feature and principle, all it is included in the present invention
In the protection domain of patent.Those skilled in the art can do various each to described specific embodiment
The modification of sample or supplement or substituted using similar mode, the structure without departing from the present invention or surmount the claims
Defined scope, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of metal atomization and electric field select separating device it is characterised in that：This device includes smelting furnace, tube for transfusion, tundish, electricity
Lotus supplies rod, electric charge feeder, weighing apparatus, pedestal, mozzle and stem bar, horizontal metal plate electrode, atomization tank, nebulizer, prevents
Dirt insulating boot, earthing pole, circular ring metal plate electrode, direct voltage source, annulus shape powder classification catcher, Pneumatic butterfly valve, mistake
Cross storage tank and receive powder drum etc.；Metal smelting-furnace is connected with the tundish above atomization tank through tube for transfusion, installs in tundish
There is the electric charge being connected with electric charge feeder to supply rod, the weighing apparatus of monitoring liquid weight are installed below tundish, weighing apparatus pass through pedestal
It is connected with atomization tank；Mozzle is arranged on tundish bottom, and stem bar is arranged at the bottom of mozzle, by stem bar by molten metal
Deliver on nebulizer, nebulizer is arranged on immediately below stem bar in atomization tank；Install directly over nebulizer and be connected with direct voltage source
Horizontal metal plate electrode, outside nebulizer with install inside atomization tank be connected with direct voltage source circular ring metal plate electricity
Pole, is connected with annulus shape powder classification catcher below atomization tank；Annulus shape powder classification catcher not same district collection belt blowing
Mouth is connected with lower section transitional storage tank by Pneumatic butterfly valve, and last transitional storage tank passes through Pneumatic butterfly valve and is connected with receiving powder drum.
2. metal atomization according to claim 1 and electric field select separating device it is characterised in that：Described smelting furnace is vacuum
Induction heater or vacuum resistance heating furnace；Described nebulizer is centrifugal atomizer or ultrasound atomizer, and centrifugal atomizing turns
Disk and ultrasonic head installation pedestal are made by high-temperature insulation material.
3. metal atomization according to claim 1 and electric field select separating device it is characterised in that：Described tundish and water conservancy diversion
Pipe is respectively arranged with thermometric heater, and outer wall is equipped with insulating barrier.
4. metal atomization according to claim 1 and electric field select separating device it is characterised in that：Described electric charge feeder is
Induction machine, friction generator or DC source electrode.
5. metal atomization according to claim 1 and electric field select separating device it is characterised in that：Described atomization tank wall has
Water-cooling jacket, is provided with insulating barrier inside atomization tank, tank body is connected with earthing pole.
6. metal atomization according to claim 1 and electric field select separating device it is characterised in that：Outside described nebulizer and
Equipped with circle ring plate electrodes and roundlet annular plate electrodes between inside atomization tank, pass through the blind plate interface that insulate respectively
It is connected with the positive and negative electrode of direct voltage source, or side is connected with direct voltage source, opposite side is connected with earthing pole；Described dress
Put and also include dust-proof insulating boot；Described dust-proof insulating boot is arranged on the top of roundlet annular plate electrodes.
7. annulus shape powder classification catcher according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described annulus shape powder classification
The collection zone quantity of catcher is 3-6.
8. a kind of metal atomization and electric field choosing point method, comprise the steps：
(1) by atomization tank after evacuation filling with inert gas, to ensure pressure and the oxygen content of atomization environment；
(2) molten metal in smelting furnace is delivered in tundish by tube for transfusion, and tundish inner metal liquid position is controlled by PLC
Height and the degree of superheat；Tundish inner metal liquid is connected with electric charge supply rod and obtains electric charge, and passes through mozzle under gravity
Flow on nebulizer with stem bar, atomization is carried out by nebulizer and forms charged metal drop；
(3) electric field action that intersects vertically that charged metal drop is formed between horizontal metal plate electrode and circular ring metal plate electrode
Under, flight, cooling, solidification form powder, are acted on by electric field force simultaneously, because molten drop particle diameter is different, so carried charge
Just different, so make the electric field force that different-grain diameter molten drop is subject to different, therefore different-grain diameter drop is pressed different tracks and flown,
Realize different size diameter powders to fly in zones of different；
(4) pass through annulus shape powder classification catcher below atomization tank by different-grain diameter size metal dust separate collection, from
And realize powder size classification, complete metal dust and be continuously atomized choosing point preparation process.
9. metal atomization according to claim 8 and electric field choosing point method it is characterised in that：The pressure of described atomization environment
Power can be 0.01-0.4MPa, and oxygen content is 10-800PPm；The described tundish inner metal liquid degree of superheat is 15-180 DEG C, metal
Liquation is 10-180Kg/h by the flow that mozzle and stem bar flow to nebulizer, and control accuracy is less than ± 3Kg/h；Described hangs down
The electric field intensity directly intersecting electric field is 5V/m-800kV/m.
10. metal atomization according to claim 8 and electric field choosing point method it is characterised in that：According to preparation powder size
Require, adjust the deflection angle of different-grain diameter powder by changing electric field intensity, that is, produce different fall trajectory, Jin Ershi
Now its powder size classification is precisely controlled.
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| CN107755707A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-06 | 镇江乐科信息科技有限公司 | The production method and production equipment of a kind of metal dust |
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