CN106735270A - A kind of metal dust Preparation equipment and method suitable for 3D printing - Google Patents
A kind of metal dust Preparation equipment and method suitable for 3D printing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106735270A CN106735270A CN201611184233.7A CN201611184233A CN106735270A CN 106735270 A CN106735270 A CN 106735270A CN 201611184233 A CN201611184233 A CN 201611184233A CN 106735270 A CN106735270 A CN 106735270A
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- metal
- melting kettle
- vibrating arm
- equipment
- assembly
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0836—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with electric or magnetic field or induction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0888—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting construction of the melt process, apparatus, intermediate reservoir, e.g. tundish, devices for temperature control
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- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of metal dust Preparation equipment suitable for 3D printing, including body of heater and bell, the body of heater includes upper furnace chamber and lower furnace chamber, also includes：Smelting system assembly, including the melting kettle for housing metal to be melted, the heater for metal to be heated, attemperator and the nozzle for metal injection drop for the fluent metal thermal insulation to melting, the heater is located at the outside of the melting kettle, the attemperator is located at the bottom of the melting kettle located at the outside of heater, the nozzle；Drop generators assembly, including negative electrode, anode, the negative electrode are located in the melting kettle bottom, and the anode is arranged on the lower end of the nozzle.Additionally, present invention also offers a kind of metal powder preparation method suitable for 3D printing.Solve the technical problem that the metal dust size of existing metal jet crushing technology presence is restricted.
Description
Technical field
It is applied to 3D printing the invention belongs to 3D printing material increasing field and field of powder metallurgy, more particularly to one kind
Metal dust Preparation equipment and method.
Background technology
With the development and innovation of process technology, metal dust is more and more wider in the application of 3D printing material increasing field
It is general.Currently, metal 3D printing powder is prepared based on gases at high pressure atomization, PREP method.But high pressure gas
Diameter of particle scope prepared by body atomization is big, it is necessary to can just obtain required particle diameter, production effect by repeatedly screening and inspection
Rate is extremely low, and has that size distribution is uneven, powder sphericity is not good, particle surface has satellite ball and there is a fixed number
The defects such as the hollow powders of amount；Although powder prepared by rotary electrode method is in the absence of the defect of above vacuum atomizing legal system powder,
Its limit speed for being limited to equipment, hardly results in metal dust of the size less than 53 μm in pulverizing process, cause high performance
The bottleneck of the preparation as restricting current 3D printing industry overall development of metal dust.
In numerous metal dust preparation technologies, metal jet crushing technology is sprayed by tiny nozzle can obtain sphericity
Good metal dust, is a kind of technology for obtaining high-performance metal powder.But existing jet crushing technology exist it is following not
Foot：The jet diameter of injection is close with nozzle diameter, and obtainable metal dust granularity is typically approximately the twice of injection diameter, profit
It is difficult to generate less than the metal drop of nozzle diameter size with the device, and the nozzle of small-bore is difficult to so metal dust
Size be restricted.
The content of the invention
One of purpose of the invention is to propose a kind of metal dust Preparation equipment and method suitable for 3D printing, solution
The restricted technical problem of size that existing jet crushing technology of having determined prepares metal dust.Many technical schemes that the present invention is provided
In many technique effects elaboration as detailed below that can be generated of optimal technical scheme.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of metal dust Preparation equipment suitable for 3D printing, including body of heater and bell, the body of heater include upper furnace chamber
And lower furnace chamber, also include：
Smelting system assembly, including for housing the melting kettle of metal to be melted, for adding of being heated metal
Thermal, attemperator and the nozzle for metal injection drop for the fluent metal thermal insulation to melting, the heating
Located at the outside of the melting kettle, located at the outside of heater, the nozzle is located at described molten the attemperator device
Refine the bottom of crucible；
Drop generators assembly, including negative electrode, anode, the negative electrode are located in the melting kettle bottom, the anode
It is arranged on the lower end of the nozzle.
Preferably, the drop generators assembly also includes imposing disturbance for the molten metal to melting kettle bottom
The vibration cavity of vibrating arm and the fixation vibrating arm.
Preferably, one end of the vibrating arm is placed in molten metal near the melting kettle bottom, and the other end is remote
From the melting kettle bottom, and it is fixed on by way of being arranged in the vibration cavity, the vibrating arm is away from the melting
The size of crucible bottom one end is more than the size near the melting kettle bottom end.
Preferably, also including adapter sleeve assembly, including adapter sleeve, seal cover board and retaining ring, the adapter sleeve is set
In on the bell, for connecting vibration cavity and the smelting system assembly, the seal cover board is arranged at the vibration cavity
Upper end, for closing vibration cavity, the retaining ring is used to lock the vibration cavity and the smelting system assembly.
Preferably, the adapter sleeve assembly also includes supercharging gas circuit, and the supercharging gas circuit is connected with the melting kettle, uses
In after metal molten, to being filled with inert gas in the melting kettle.
Preferably, the drop generators assembly also includes the cooling chamber for cooling down vibrating arm, and the cooling chamber is set
In the outside on the vibrating arm top, specifically between the vibration cavity and vibrating arm.
Preferably, the drop generators assembly also includes cooling water channel, and the cooling water channel is connected with the cooling chamber,
For providing cold liquid to cooling chamber circulation.
Preferably, the drop generators assembly also includes total for the circuit to vibrating arm transmission periodicity sinusoidal signal
Into, the circuit assembly is connected with the vibrating arm, and the sinusoidal signal is converted into periodic mechanical vibration by the vibrating arm,
Molten metal to the melting kettle bottom imposes disturbance.
Preferably, the equipment also includes, for being vacuumized to the upper furnace chamber and the lower furnace chamber vacuumize process
Device, the vacuum extractor is connected by pipeline with the body of heater.
Preferably, the vacuum means are set to mechanical pump, lobe pump and diffusion pump.
Preferably, the heater is the induction coil for being arranged on the melting kettle outer wall in an orbiting manner, institute
It is to be set in the muff outside the induction coil to state attemperator.
Preferably, the nozzle is capillary nozzle.
Preferably, the equipment also includes ball valve and powder collecting pot, and the ball valve is located at the bottom of the lower furnace chamber, described
Ball valve is connected with the lower furnace chamber and the powder collecting pot respectively, is placed between the lower furnace chamber and the powder collecting pot, the ball
Valve imports the powder collecting pot by folding, the metal ball that will be slid from the lower furnace chamber.
Preferably, the size of the nozzle is 0.1~0.3mm.
Preferably, the mechanical vibration amplitudes that the vibrating arm is produced are at 0.1~0.6 μm.
Preferably, the negative electrode is cylindric tungsten electrode, and the anode is circular stainless steel electrode.
Preferably, the material selected by the melting kettle is quartz, BN or ceramics；The heater is to the melting
The mode of heating of metal is combined for sensing heating, resistance heating or sensing heating with resistance heating in crucible.
Preferably, the lower furnace chamber is cone.
Present invention also offers a kind of metal powder preparation method suitable for 3D printing, methods described uses described above
The metal dust Preparation equipment suitable for 3D printing, including：
(1) metal to be melted is put into melting kettle；
(2) equipment is evacuated to 6.63 × 10-3After Pa, metal is melted in melting kettle；
(3) after metal molten is uniform, to inert gas is filled with melting kettle, make to be produced with furnace chamber in melting kettle
Pressure difference；
(4) vibrating arm imposes disturbance to the liquid metal liquation of melting kettle bottom, by the nozzle of melting kettle bottom
Form injection drop；
(5) negative electrode produces electrostatic field with anode, the injection drop formed from nozzle is disperseed and is accelerated, and forms broken micro-
Drop, the flight and cooled and solidified is into metal ball in furnace chamber.
Based on above-mentioned technical proposal, the embodiment of the present invention can solve the chi that existing jet crushing technology prepares metal dust
Very little restricted technical problem.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, this hair
Bright schematic description and description does not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
The schematic diagram of the Preparation equipment of the metal dust that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is I regions partial enlarged drawing in Fig. 1；
The preparation method flow chart of the metal dust that Fig. 3 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference：Upper furnace chamber 1, bell 2, adapter sleeve assembly 3, drop generators assembly 4, mechanical pump 5, lobe pump 6, expansion
Dissipate pump 7, smelting system assembly 8, molten drop group 9, lower furnace chamber 10, ball valve 11, powder collecting pot 12, adapter sleeve 3-1, seal cover board 3-
2nd, cooling water channel 3-3, supercharging gas circuit 3-4, retaining ring 3-5, circuit assembly 4-1, cooling chamber 4-2, vibration cavity 4-3, vibrating arm 4-
4th, negative electrode 4-5, anode 4-6, melting kettle 8-1, heater 8-2, attemperator 8-3, nozzle 8-4, injection drop 9-1, broken
Broken droplet 9-2.
Specific embodiment
It is referred to 1~Fig. 3 of accompanying drawing below and word content understands present disclosure and of the invention with existing skill
Distinctive points between art.Hereafter accompanying drawing and by way of enumerating some alternative embodiments of the invention, to skill of the invention
Art scheme (including optimal technical scheme) is described in further detail.It should be noted that：Any technology in the present embodiment
Feature, any technical scheme are one or more in the technical characteristic or optional technical scheme of plurality of optional, in order to retouch
State it is succinct the need in presents cannot exhaustive all alternative technical characteristics of the invention and alternative technical scheme,
Also the implementation method for being not easy to each technical characteristic emphasizes that it is one of optional numerous embodiments, so art technology
Personnel should know：Can by the present invention provide any technological means be replaced or by the present invention provide any two or
More technological means or technical characteristic are combined and obtain new technical scheme mutually.Any technology in the present embodiment is special
Levy and any technical scheme is not limited the scope of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should include art technology
Personnel do not pay the thinkable any alternate embodiments of creative work institute and those skilled in the art provide the present invention
Any two or more technological means or technical characteristic be combined mutually obtained from new technical scheme.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of metal dust Preparation equipment and method suitable for 3D printing.
The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is illustrated in more detail with reference to Fig. 1~Fig. 3.
A kind of metal dust Preparation equipment suitable for 3D printing that the embodiment of the present invention is provided, including：Including body of heater
With bell 2, the body of heater include upper furnace chamber 1 and lower furnace chamber 10, also include：
Smelting system assembly 8, including for housing the melting kettle 8-1 of metal to be melted, for metal to be heated
Heater 8-2, for melt fluent metal thermal insulation attemperator 8-3 and the nozzle for metal injection drop
, located at the outside of the melting kettle, the attemperator 8-3 is located at the outer of heater 8-2 for 8-4, the heater 8-2
Portion, the nozzle 8-4 is located at the bottom of the melting kettle 8-1；
Drop generators assembly 4, including negative electrode 4-5, anode 4-6, the negative electrode 4-5 are positioned in the melting kettle 8-1
Bottom, the anode 4-6 is arranged on the lower end of the nozzle 8-4.
The course of work for preparing metal dust suitable for the metal dust Preparation equipment of 3D printing that the present embodiment is provided is such as
Under：Metal to be melted is housed by melting kettle 8-1, the metal that heater 8-2 will be positioned in melting kettle 8-1 is added
Heat, heater 8-2 is placed in the outside of melting kettle 8-1, and attemperator 8-3 is placed in the outside of heater, for molten
Fluent metal thermal insulation after melting, nozzle 8-4 is placed in the bottom of melting kettle 8-1, for metal injection drop.Drop generators are total
Include into 4, negative electrode 4-5 and anode 4-6, wherein negative electrode 4-5 are located at the melting kettle 8-1 bottoms so that molten metal is powered,
And then causing that the molten drop ejected from nozzle 8-4 is powered, the anode 4-6 is arranged on the lower end of the nozzle 8-4, cloudy
Pole 4-5 and anode 4-6 form electrostatic field, the injection drop 9-1 emitted from nozzle 8-4, in the negative electrode 4-5 and described
Disperseed and accelerated under the electrostatic field that anode 4-6 is formed, be broken into finer broken droplet 9-2, after crushing
Broken droplet 9-2 forms spherical in the presence of surface tension, is flown in body of heater and cooled and solidified is into sphericity high
Metal dust.
The metal dust Preparation equipment suitable for 3D printing that the present embodiment is provided by setting negative electrode 4-5 and anode 4-6,
Form electrostatic field so that disperse and accelerate in the presence of electrostatic field by the injection drop 9-1 of nozzle 8-4, and then formed more
Fine broken droplet 9-2, in this way without the nozzle 8-4 in machining small footpath, you can generate less than nozzle diameter
The metal dust of size, the restricted technical problem of size that the existing jet crushing technology of solution prepares metal dust.
Preferably, the drop generators assembly 4 also includes being imposed for the molten metal to melting kettle 8-1 bottoms disturbing
The dynamic vibrating arm 4-4 and vibration cavity 4-3 of the fixation vibrating arm.By vibrating arm 4-4 to the liquid gold in melting kettle 8-1
Category is disturbed so that the powered liquid metal through disturbing can more quickly move through nozzle 8-4 and form eject micro-droplets 9-1,
The efficiency of metal dust is prepared so as to raising.
Preferably, one end of the vibrating arm 4-4 is placed in molten metal, separately near the melting kettle 8-1 bottoms
One end is fixed in the vibration cavity 4-3, the vibrating arm away from the melting kettle 8-1 bottoms by way of being arranged
4-4 is more than the size near the melting kettle 8-1 bottom ends away from the size of the melting kettle 8-1 bottom ends.Shake
This cooperation of lever 4-4 and vibration cavity 4-3 enables that vibrating arm 4-4 simplicity is reliably fixed by vibration cavity.
Preferably, also including adapter sleeve assembly 3, including adapter sleeve 3-1, seal cover board 3-2 and retaining ring 3-5, it is described
Adapter sleeve 3-1 is arranged on the bell 2, for connecting vibration cavity 4-3 and the smelting system assembly 8, the seal cover board
3-2 is arranged at the upper end of the vibration cavity 4-3, for closing vibration cavity 4-3, the retaining ring 3-5 for locking the vibration
Chamber 4-3 and the smelting system assembly 8.By adapter sleeve assembly so that smelting system assembly 8 and fused solution metal is imposed
The vibration of disturbance is firmly connected as one, while sealed vibration cavity by seal cover board, to realize efficient disturbance
Effect, and then raising prepares the efficiency of metal dust.
Preferably, the adapter sleeve assembly 3 also includes supercharging gas circuit 3-4, the supercharging gas circuit and the melting kettle 8-1
Connection, for after metal molten, inert gas being filled with to the melting kettle 8-1.After metal fully melts, by supercharging
Gas circuit 3-4 in melting kettle 8-1 to being filled with inert gas, wherein preferably argon gas, gas pressure maintains 0.01MPa, so that
Pressure difference is produced with whole body of heater in melting kettle 8-1, nozzle 8-4 is flowed into order to liquid metal, more swimmingly form injection
Drop 9-1, so that raising prepares the efficiency of metal dust.
Preferably, the drop generators assembly 4 also includes the cooling chamber 4-2 for cooling down vibrating arm 4-4, the cooling
Room 4-2 is arranged on the outside on the vibrating arm 4-4 tops, specifically between the vibration cavity 4-3 and vibrating arm 4-4.Vibration
Bar 4-4 generates heat when disturbance is imposed to the molten metal of melting kettle 8-1 bottoms by vibration, by setting cooling chamber 4-2 to hair
Vibrating arm 4-4 after heat is cooled down so that vibrating arm 4-4 is unlikely to overheat and influence disturbance effect and bring safety to ask
Topic.
Preferably, the drop generators assembly 4 also includes cooling water channel 3-3, the cooling water channel 3-3 and the cooling
Room 4-2 is connected, for providing cold liquid to cooling chamber 4-2 circulations.Circulated to cooling chamber by cooling water channel 3-3 and provide cold
Liquid so that cooling chamber 4-2 is improved to the cooling effectiveness of the vibrating arm.
Preferably, the drop generators assembly 4 also includes the line for transmitting periodicity sinusoidal signal to vibrating arm 4-4
Road assembly 4-1, the circuit assembly 4-1 are connected with the vibrating arm 4-4, and the vibrating arm 4-4 converts the sinusoidal signal
It is periodic mechanical vibration, the molten metal to the melting kettle 8-1 bottoms imposes disturbance.It is converted into by by sinusoidal signal
Periodic mechanical vibration so that the frequency and amplitude of vibration produced by vibrating arm 4-4 can be more controllable, so that more preferable must control
The formation of preparing metal liquid drop.
Preferably, the equipment also includes, for taking out true to the upper furnace chamber 1 and the vacuumize process of the lower furnace chamber 10
Empty device, the vacuum extractor is connected by pipeline with the body of heater.
Preferably, the vacuum means are set to mechanical pump 5, lobe pump 6 and diffusion pump 7.By the combination of these three pumps
Vacuumize process is carried out to equipment, the control hence for the air pressure after vacuumizing is more precisely and controllable, can cause fusion
Change under metal is in fixed vacuum condition and melted, what reduction metal was oxidized in fusion process to greatest extent can
Energy.
Preferably, the heater 8-2 is the line of induction for being arranged on the melting kettle 8-1 outer walls in an orbiting manner
Circle, the attemperator 8-3 is to be set in the muff outside the induction coil.By melting kettle 8-1 outer walls with
Circular mode sets induction coil so that metal in melting kettle 8-1 can thermally equivalent, realize that metal fully melts
It is even so that molten metal uniform can must be injected into molten drop by the nozzle 8-4 of melting kettle 8-1 bottoms, improve and formed
The stability of metal dust.
Preferably, the nozzle 8-4 is capillary nozzle.By specifically selecting capillary nozzle so that from melting kettle
The size of molten drop of 8-1 outflows can be controlled in smaller scope, so as to realize to the metal dust size that is formed more
Good control.
Preferably, the equipment also includes ball valve 11 and powder collecting pot 12, and the ball valve 11 is located at the lower furnace chamber 10
Bottom, the ball valve 11 is connected with the lower furnace chamber 10 and the powder collecting pot 12 respectively, is placed in the lower furnace chamber 10 and described
Between powder collecting pot 12, the ball valve 11 imports the powder collecting pot 12 by folding, the metal ball that will be slid from the lower furnace chamber 10.
Ball valve 11 is set by bottom of furnace body, by the folding of ball valve 11, the metal dust to being formed is collected, by setting
Ball valve 11 can carry out reliable control to the collection process of metal dust.
Preferably, the size of the nozzle 8-4 is 0.1~0.3mm.By setting different sizes, difference can be obtained
The metal jet of size, in addition, can be processed by spray also for the electric field for ensuring to be formed by negative electrode 4-5 and anode 4-6
The metal jet that mouth 8-4 is obtained, makes injection drop 9-1 be disperseed and be accelerated by electric field, obtains more smaller than injection drop 9-1
Broken droplet 9-2.
Preferably, the mechanical vibration amplitudes that the vibrating arm 4-4 is produced are at 0.1~0.6 μm.The institute in this amplitude range
The vibrating effect of generation is optimal, and secondly, its specific numerical value selection has certain relation with the mobility of molten metal, such as, when
When the mobility effect of molten metal is bad, selected amplitude is bigger than normal, such as 0.5 μm, and work as the mobility of molten metal compared with
When good, then can select amplitude less than normal, such as 0.1 μm, by setting different amplitudes, to cause the liquid metal after fusing
Can successfully from melting kettle 8-1 mass flowing nozzles 8-4.
Preferably, the negative electrode 4-5 is cylindric tungsten electrode, and the anode 4-6 is circular stainless steel electrode.Negative electrode 4-
5 select tungsten electrode, be because the resistance to elevated temperatures of tungsten electrode is very strong, and anode 4-6 be mainly from stainless steel electrode reach it is anti-
The effect for puncturing.
Preferably, the heater 8-2 is sensing heating, electricity to the mode of heating of metal in the melting kettle 8-1
Resistance heating or sensing heating are combined with resistance heating.It is most basic that the specific selected materials of melting kettle 8-1 are met
It is required that the material for wanted smelting metal or alloy melting point temperatures above can be born, wherein most preferably silica crucible, because stone
English crucible has temperature tolerance strong and good heat preservation performance performance.
Preferably, the lower furnace chamber 10 is cone, and lower furnace chamber 10 is arranged into cone, and the metal dust in order to solidification leads to
The folding for crossing ball valve 11 is collected by powder collecting pot 12.By the folding of ball valve 11, the metal dust to being formed is collected, passes through
Setting ball valve 11 can carry out reliable control to the collection process of metal dust.
Present invention also offers a kind of metal powder preparation method suitable for 3D printing, methods described uses described above
The metal dust Preparation equipment suitable for 3D printing, including：
Be put into metal to be melted in melting kettle 8-1 by S101；
Equipment is evacuated to 6.63 × 10 by S102-3After Pa, metal is melted in melting kettle 8-1；
S103, to inert gas is filled with melting kettle 8-1, makes in melting kettle and in furnace chamber after metal molten is uniform
Produce pressure difference；
S104 vibrating arms 4-4 imposes disturbance to the liquid metal liquation of melting kettle bottom, by melting kettle bottom
Nozzle forms injection drop；
S105 negative electrodes 4-5 and anode 4-6 produces electrostatic field, the injection drop formed from nozzle 8-4 is disperseed and is accelerated,
Broken droplet 9-2 is formed, flight and cooled and solidified are into metal ball in furnace chamber.
The metal powder preparation method suitable for 3D printing that the present embodiment is provided, workflow is：Will be to be melted
Metal is put into melting kettle 8-1, and equipment then is evacuated into 6.63 × 10-3After Pa, metal is melted in melting kettle 8-1
Change, by heater 8-2 by metal molten, after metal molten is uniform, to inert gas is filled with melting kettle 8-1, make
Pressure difference is produced with body of heater in melting kettle 8-1, then by vibrating arm 4-4 to the liquid metal liquation of melting kettle 8-1 bottoms
Disturbance is imposed, injection drop is formed by the nozzle 8-4 of melting kettle 8-1 bottoms, be filled with inert gas in S103 so that melting
Disturbance is imposed to molten metal in crucible 8-1 and S104 by vibrating arm 4-4 to be for enabling molten metal swimmingly
Injection drop 9-1 is formed from the nozzle 8-4 of melting kettle 8-1 bottoms, the injection drop ejected from nozzle 8-4 passes through negative electrode
4-5 and anode 4-6 produces electrostatic field, is disperseed and accelerated in the presence of electric field force, broken droplet 9-2 is formed, in furnace chamber
Fly and cooled and solidified is into metal ball.
Metal powder preparation method and equipment suitable for 3D printing that the present invention is provided, by by drop generators assembly
The electrostatic field that 4 negative electrode 4-5 and anode 4-6 is formed is disperseed and is accelerated to the molten drop ejected from nozzle 8-4, is formed
And its fine broken droplet, solve the problems, such as that the size of existing jet crushing technology metal dust process is restricted.
The invention also discloses a kind of metal dust Preparation equipments suitable for 3D printing of A1, including body of heater and bell, institute
Stating body of heater includes upper furnace chamber and lower furnace chamber, also includes：
Smelting system assembly, including for housing the melting kettle of metal to be melted, for adding of being heated metal
Thermal, attemperator and the nozzle for metal injection drop for the fluent metal thermal insulation to melting,
, located at the outside of the melting kettle, the attemperator is located at the outside of heater, institute for the heater
Nozzle is stated positioned at the bottom of the melting kettle；
Drop generators assembly, including negative electrode, anode, the negative electrode are located in the melting kettle bottom, the anode
It is arranged on the lower end of the nozzle.
A2, the equipment as described in A1, the drop generators assembly also include being melted for the metal to melting kettle bottom
Liquid imposes the vibrating arm of disturbance and the vibration cavity of the fixation vibrating arm.
A3, the equipment as described in A2, one end of the vibrating arm are placed in molten metal near the melting kettle bottom
In, the other end is fixed in the vibration cavity away from the melting kettle bottom by way of being arranged, and the vibrating arm is remote
It is more than the size near the melting kettle bottom end from the size of the melting kettle bottom end.
A4, the equipment as described in A2, also including adapter sleeve assembly, including adapter sleeve, seal cover board and retaining ring, it is described
Adapter sleeve is arranged on the bell, and for connecting vibration cavity and the smelting system assembly, the seal cover board is arranged at institute
The upper end of vibration cavity is stated, for closing vibration cavity, the retaining ring is used to lock the vibration cavity and the smelting system assembly.
A5, the equipment as described in A4, the adapter sleeve assembly also include supercharging gas circuit, the supercharging gas circuit and the melting
Crucible is connected, for after metal molten, to being filled with inert gas in the melting kettle.
A6, the equipment as described in A2, the drop generators assembly also include the cooling chamber for cooling down vibrating arm, described
Cooling chamber is arranged on the outside on the vibrating arm top, specifically between the vibration cavity and vibrating arm.
A7, the equipment as described in A6, the drop generators assembly also include cooling water channel, the cooling water channel with it is described
Cooling chamber is connected, for providing cold liquid to cooling chamber circulation.
A8, the equipment as described in A2, the drop generators assembly also include being used for vibrating arm transmission periodically sine
The circuit assembly of signal, the circuit assembly is connected with the vibrating arm, and the sinusoidal signal is converted into week by the vibrating arm
Phase property mechanical oscillation, the molten metal to the melting kettle bottom imposes disturbance.
A9, the equipment as described in A1, also include, for true to taking out for the upper furnace chamber and the lower furnace chamber vacuumize process
Empty device, the vacuum extractor is connected by pipeline with body of heater.
A10, the equipment as described in A8, the vacuum means are set to mechanical pump, lobe pump and diffusion pump.
A11, the equipment as described in A1, the heater are to be arranged on the melting kettle outer wall in an orbiting manner
Induction coil, the attemperator is to be set in the muff outside the induction coil.
A12, the equipment as described in A1, the nozzle are capillary nozzle.
A13, the equipment as described in A1, also including ball valve and powder collecting pot, the ball valve is located at the bottom of the lower furnace chamber,
The ball valve is connected with the lower furnace chamber and the powder collecting pot respectively, is placed between the lower furnace chamber and the powder collecting pot, institute
Ball valve is stated by folding, the metal ball that will be slid from the lower furnace chamber imports the powder collecting pot.
A14, the equipment as described in A1, the size of the nozzle is 0.1~0.3mm.
A15, the equipment as described in A2, the mechanical vibration amplitudes that the vibrating arm is produced are at 0.1~0.6 μm.
A16, the equipment as described in A1, the negative electrode are cylindric tungsten electrode, and the anode is circular stainless steel electrode.
A17, the equipment as described in A1, the material selected by the melting kettle are quartz, BN or ceramics；The heating dress
Put to the mode of heating of metal in the melting kettle as sensing heating, resistance heating or sensing heating are mutually tied with resistance heating
Close.
A18, the equipment as described in A1, the lower furnace chamber are cone.
B19, a kind of metal powder preparation method suitable for 3D printing, methods described are used such as A1-A18 any one institute
The metal dust Preparation equipment suitable for 3D printing stated, including；
(1) metal to be melted is put into melting kettle；
(2) equipment is evacuated to 6.63 × 10-3After Pa, metal is melted in melting kettle；
(3) after metal molten is uniform, to inert gas is filled with melting kettle, make to be produced with furnace chamber in melting kettle
Pressure difference；
(4) vibrating arm imposes disturbance to the liquid metal liquation of melting kettle bottom, by the nozzle of melting kettle bottom
Form injection drop；
(5) negative electrode produces electrostatic field with anode, the injection drop formed from nozzle is disperseed and is accelerated, and forms broken micro-
Drop, the flight and cooled and solidified is into metal ball in furnace chamber.
Any technical scheme disclosed in the invention described above unless otherwise stated, if it discloses number range, then
Disclosed number range is preferred number range, it is any it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art：Preferred number range
The only obvious or representative numerical value of technique effect in many enforceable numerical value.Because numerical value is more, it is impossible to
Exhaustion, so just open component values of the invention are to illustrate technical scheme, also, the above-mentioned numerical value enumerated is not
The limitation to the invention protection domain should be constituted.
If the words such as " first ", " second " are used herein to limit parts, those skilled in the art should
This knows：" first ", the use of " second " are intended merely to facilitate in description and parts are distinguished such as no Stated otherwise
Outward, above-mentioned word does not have special implication.
In addition, the art for representing position relationship or shape applied in any technical scheme disclosed in the invention described above
Its implication includes approximate with its, similar or close state or shape to language unless otherwise stated.Any part that the present invention is provided
Both can be to be assembled by multiple individually parts, it is also possible to the separate part that the technique that is one of the forming is manufactured.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment to the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art should be understood：Still
Specific embodiment of the invention can be modified or equivalent is carried out to some technical characteristics；Without deviating from this hair
The spirit of bright technical scheme, it all should cover in the middle of claimed technical scheme scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of metal dust Preparation equipment suitable for 3D printing, including body of heater and bell, the body of heater include upper furnace chamber and
Lower furnace chamber, it is characterised in that also include：
Smelting system assembly, including for housing the melting kettle of metal to be melted, the heating dress for metal to be heated
Put, for melt fluent metal thermal insulation attemperator and the nozzle for metal injection drop,
, located at the outside of the melting kettle, the attemperator is located at the outside of heater, the spray for the heater
Mouth is located at the bottom of the melting kettle；
Drop generators assembly, including negative electrode, anode, the negative electrode are located in the melting kettle bottom, and the anode is set
In the lower end of the nozzle.
2. equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the drop generators assembly also includes being used for melting kettle
The molten metal of bottom imposes the vibrating arm of disturbance and the vibration cavity of the fixation vibrating arm.
3. equipment as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that one end of the vibrating arm near the melting kettle bottom,
It is placed in molten metal, the other end is fixed on the vibration cavity away from the melting kettle bottom by way of being arranged
Interior, the vibrating arm is more than the chi near the melting kettle bottom end away from the size of the melting kettle bottom end
It is very little.
4. equipment as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that also including adapter sleeve assembly, including adapter sleeve, seal cover board with
And retaining ring, the adapter sleeve is arranged on the bell, for connecting vibration cavity and the smelting system assembly, the sealing
Cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the vibration cavity, and for closing vibration cavity, the retaining ring is used to locking the vibration cavity and described
Smelting system assembly.
5. equipment as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the adapter sleeve assembly also includes supercharging gas circuit, the supercharging
Gas circuit is connected with the melting kettle, for after metal molten, to being filled with inert gas in the melting kettle.
6. equipment as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the drop generators assembly is also included for cooling down vibrating arm
Cooling chamber, the cooling chamber is arranged on the outside on the vibrating arm top, specifically between the vibration cavity and vibrating arm.
7. equipment as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the drop generators assembly also includes cooling water channel, described
Cooling water channel is connected with the cooling chamber, for providing cold liquid to cooling chamber circulation.
8. equipment as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the drop generators assembly also includes being used to be passed to vibrating arm
The circuit assembly of defeated periodic sinusoidal signal, the circuit assembly is connected with the vibrating arm, and the vibrating arm is by the sine
Signal is converted into periodic mechanical vibration, and the molten metal to the melting kettle bottom imposes disturbance.
9. equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including ball valve and powder collecting pot, the ball valve is located at described
The bottom of lower furnace chamber, the ball valve is connected with the lower furnace chamber and the powder collecting pot respectively, is placed in the lower furnace chamber and described
Between powder collecting pot, the ball valve imports the powder collecting pot by folding, the metal ball that will be slid from the lower furnace chamber.
10. a kind of metal powder preparation method suitable for 3D printing, it is characterised in that methods described is used such as claim 1-
The metal dust Preparation equipment suitable for 3D printing described in 9 any one, including：
(1) metal to be melted is put into melting kettle；
(2) equipment is evacuated to 6.63 × 10-3After Pa, metal is melted in melting kettle；
(3) after metal molten is uniform, to inert gas is filled with melting kettle, make to produce pressure with furnace chamber in melting kettle
Difference；
(4) vibrating arm imposes disturbance to the liquid metal liquation of melting kettle bottom, is formed by the nozzle of melting kettle bottom
Injection drop；
(5) negative electrode produces electrostatic field with anode, the injection drop formed from nozzle is disperseed and is accelerated, and forms broken droplet,
The flight and cooled and solidified is into metal ball in furnace chamber.
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| CN201611184233.7A CN106735270A (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | A kind of metal dust Preparation equipment and method suitable for 3D printing |
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| CN201611184233.7A CN106735270A (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | A kind of metal dust Preparation equipment and method suitable for 3D printing |
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| CN114603151A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-10 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Field-controlled plasma ultra-fine metal powder preparation furnace |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |