CN110506748B

CN110506748B - Drying agent applied to sesame seed withering acceleration

Info

Publication number: CN110506748B
Application number: CN201910773119.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张秀荣; 黎冬华; 王林海; 游均; 何平; 周兰华; 张艳欣; 周瑢
Original assignee: Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences
Current assignee: Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences
Priority date: 2019-08-21
Filing date: 2019-08-21
Publication date: 2021-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-21
Also published as: CN110506748A

Abstract

The invention discloses a drying agent applied to sesame seed withering acceleration, which comprises diquat, imazaquin and carfentrazone, wherein the mass ratio of the diquat to the mefentrazone to the carfentrazone is (20): (5-7): (3-7), wherein the sum of the mass of the diquat, the imazaquin and the carfentrazone-ethyl accounts for 10-25% of the total mass of the desiccant for sesame seed withering acceleration. According to the invention, the diquat, the mequindox and the carfentrazone-ethyl are reasonably compounded, so that the prepared drying agent can dry sesame plants more quickly than the prior art, and meanwhile, the medicament residual quantity of the diquat, the mequindox and the carfentrazone-ethyl is greatly reduced, the production cost is reduced, the drying efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the safety is obviously improved.

Description

Drying agent applied to sesame seed withering acceleration

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of pesticide preparation, in particular to a drying agent applied to sesame seed withering acceleration.

Background

Sesame is one of main oil crops in China, has high application value, and the oil content of seeds of the sesame is as high as 55 percent. The oil extracted from sesame seeds, also called sesame oil, has a fragrant smell and can be used as edible oil or for medical purposes: used as massage oil, ointment base, lubricant, and antidote. The sugared sesame oil can be used for preparing cream and cosmetics. The perfume for producing perfume is obtained from flower and stem of sesame. The hot pressed sesame oil can be used for manufacturing carbon paper. The oil fume generated by the combustion of the sesame oil can be used for manufacturing high-grade ink. The stem of sesame can be used as fuel.

As the sesame is a favorite crop, the seeding is usually carried out in the spring and summer seasons, the proper seeding period of the summer sesame is from the late 5 th to the early 6 th, the proper seeding period of the autumn sesame is from the early 7 th to the middle 7 th, and the late 7 th can be reached under the condition of good heat; compared with other crops, sesame is unlimited inflorescence growth habit, the maturation period of sesame capsules is not synchronous from bottom to top, the bases of sesame plants are often mature, the tops of the plants are very young and tender, even the sesame plants bloom, the capsules crack after the mature capsules are dehydrated and dried, seeds fall on the ground, the manual operation of the conventional sesame from sowing to harvesting is basically completed, the characteristic that the capsules mature and are not synchronous brings inconvenience to the manual harvesting of the sesame, and the water content during harvesting is not easy to control.

The harvest loss can be effectively reduced by adopting a chemical ripening dehydration method, and the ripening consistency of sesame seeds can be ensured, so that the harvest yield and the quality of sesame are improved; however, in the prior art, contact-type medicaments such as paraquat are usually adopted to hasten withering of plants, but the contact-type medicaments such as paraquat have extremely strong toxicity and extremely high acute poisoning mortality rate, if the paraquat is sprayed on sesame plants to hasten withering before sesame is harvested, part of medicaments can remain on seeds, and great potential safety hazard exists in eating; in the other method in the prior art, diquat is adopted, plants are withered by the diquat before sesame is harvested, seeds are dried, but the yield is reduced to a certain extent by using the diquat, and the applicable seasonality is also limited. Therefore, a new technical means is needed to be provided for solving the problems existing in the current sesame harvesting.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a drying agent applied to sesame withering acceleration, which is used for solving the problems that a ripening agent is not safe enough and the yield is easy to reduce after the sesame withering acceleration in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a drying agent applied to sesame seed withering acceleration, which comprises diquat, imazaquin and carfentrazone-ethyl, wherein the mass ratio of the diquat to the imazaquin to the carfentrazone-ethyl is 20: (5-7): (3-7).

Preferably, the mass sum of the diquat, the imazaquin and the carfentrazone-ethyl accounts for 10-25% of the total mass of the drying agent for sesame seed withering acceleration.

Preferably, the drying agent applied to sesame seed withering acceleration further comprises a functional additive, a filling agent and an attachment, wherein the functional additive comprises a dispersing agent and a surfactant.

Preferably, the filler comprises a mixture of one or more of clay, white charcoal, bentonite, water-soluble starch, pyrophyllite and urea.

Preferably, the adherent comprises a mixture of one or more of talc, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, kaolin.

Preferably, the dispersant comprises one or more of a mixture of polycarboxylate, sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene.

Preferably, the surfactant comprises one or more of triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl sulphur sulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulphate phosphate, SPAN and TWEEN.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the preparation method has the advantages that the diquat, the mequindox and the carfentrazone-ethyl are reasonably compounded, the prepared drying agent can dry sesame plants more quickly than the prior art, meanwhile, the medicament residual quantity of the diquat, the mequindox and the carfentrazone-ethyl is greatly reduced, the production cost is reduced, the drying efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the safety is obviously improved.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The drying agent applied to sesame seed withering acceleration comprises diquat, imazaquin, carfentrazone-ethyl, a functional additive, a filling agent and an attachment, wherein the functional additive comprises a dispersing agent and a surfactant, the core withering acceleration component in the formula comprises the diquat, the imazaquin and the carfentrazone-ethyl, and the mass ratio of the diquat to the carfentrazone-ethyl is 20: (5-7): (3-7), wherein the mass sum of the diquat, the imazaquin and the carfentrazone-ethyl accounts for 10-25% of the total mass of the drying agent for sesame seed withering acceleration.

Specifically, the selection and action mechanism of each component in the above-mentioned drying agent for sesame ripening are described in detail. The main mechanism of the said pesticide lies in that the pesticide is absorbed by green plant and then inhibits the electron transfer in photosynthesis, and the reduced bipyridine compound is quickly oxidized under aerobic condition to form hydrogen peroxide, which is produced continuously with photosynthesis and can damage the cell membrane of plant quickly because of its strong oxidability, so that the drug-receiving individual is withered and dehydrated, and the plant is withered. The use concentration of the diquat is restricted within a proper range, so that the yield reduction of the sesame caused by excessive withering can be avoided while the effect of diquat on withering is exerted, and the quality of the product is ensured.

The imazaquin is a broad-spectrum imidazolinone crop withering-promoting agent, and the mechanism of the imazaquin is that the synthesis of branched chain amino acids such as valine and leucine is inhibited, and after the leaves and roots of plants are absorbed, the agent can be conducted in xylem and phloem and accumulated in meristems, so that the meristems are necrotic, and the effect of promoting withering is realized.

The carfentrazone-ethyl is a triazolinone crop withering-promoting agent, and is characterized in that the crop withering-promoting agent belongs to a protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, and protoporphyrinogen oxidase in a chlorophyll biosynthesis process is inhibited, so that protoporphyrin IX oxidase is rapidly accumulated and oxidized to generate singlet oxygen, unsaturated fatty acid of a cell membrane is further peroxidized, membrane leakage is caused, pigments are damaged, leaves are rapidly withered and die, and the effect of promoting withering is achieved.

In the desiccant for sesame seed withering, the core withering-promoting components are diquat, imazaquin and carfentrazone-ethyl, the diquat is used as a main withering-promoting component, and the imazaquin and the carfentrazone-ethyl are small auxiliary withering-promoting components; the mechanisms of the diquat and the carfentrazone are processes for inhibiting plant photosynthesis, and the two mechanisms are combined to quickly inhibit the plant photosynthesis through two different action mechanisms, so that the plants begin to wither from leaf parts; because the main action parts of the diquat and the carfentrazone-ethyl on the plants are the leaves, and the imazaquin has the action on the leaves and the roots of the plants, when the imazaquin is introduced, the deficiency of the root withering acceleration effect can be made up, the leaves and the roots can wither simultaneously, and the withering acceleration time is further shortened.

In the present embodiment, the filler is preferably a mixture of one or more of clay, white carbon, bentonite, water-soluble starch, pyrophyllite, and urea. The attachment body is preferably one or a mixture of talc, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride and kaolin, and provides an attachment carrier for the main withering-promoting component. The dispersant is preferably one or a mixture of more of polycarboxylate, sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and has the function of enabling the main withering-accelerating component to have better dispersibility. The surfactant is preferably one or a mixture of more of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl sulfate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate phosphate, SPAN and TWEEN, and has the function of improving the surface tension between the component phases of the mixed solution, so that an oil-water phase can be sufficiently mixed in an oil-water mixed system, and other anionic surfactants or nonionic surfactants can be adopted in other embodiments, which is not limited herein.

The drying agent for sesame seed ripening of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples, and the percentages shown in the following examples are by mass.

In examples 1 to 3, the sum of the mass of diquat, imazaquin and carfentrazone-ethyl accounts for 20% of the total mass of the desiccant for sesame seed withering, and diquat, imazaquin, carfentrazone-ethyl, a dispersing agent, a surfactant, a filler and an attachment are sequentially placed into a preparation container at normal temperature according to the formula proportion shown in table 1, and are respectively uniformly mixed, and wet grinding and filtering are carried out to obtain corresponding medicament samples.

TABLE 1

The method comprises the steps of selecting 5 groups of sesame test fields with good sesame plants and relatively similar growth degree to test, wherein the area of each group of sesame test fields is 1 mu, applying an equivalent medicament when the sesame in the sesame mature period can be harvested manually, wherein the 3 groups of sesame test fields apply the medicaments configured in the 3 embodiments respectively, the rest two groups of sesame test fields apply clear water and 20% of diquat medicament respectively, the sesame test fields are used as control groups, a plurality of indexes of each group of sesame test fields are tested respectively, and the specific test results are shown in table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the method of independently applying 20% of diquat medicament, the drying agent applied to the drying agent provided by the invention has the advantages that the plant drying speed is higher, the water content of the plant is lower, the control degree of the water content is more uniform, the residual quantity of the three components of diquat, imazaquin and carfentrazone is lower after the application for two weeks, the residual quantity is extremely low, the production cost is reduced, the drying efficiency is improved, and the safety is obviously improved.

TABLE 2

Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has the advantages that the diquat, the mequindox and the carfentrazone-ethyl are reasonably compounded, the prepared drying agent can dry sesame plants more quickly than the prior art, meanwhile, the medicament residual quantity of the diquat, the mequindox and the carfentrazone-ethyl is greatly reduced, the production cost is reduced, the drying efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the safety is obviously improved.

It should be noted that the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept, and the description of each embodiment has a different emphasis, and reference may be made to the description in other embodiments where the description in individual embodiments is not detailed.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The drying agent applied to sesame seed withering acceleration is characterized by comprising diquat, imazaquin and carfentrazone-ethyl, wherein the mass ratio of the diquat to the carfentrazone-ethyl is 20: (5-7): (3-7).

2. The desiccant for sesame seed withering promotion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sum of the mass of the diquat, the imazaquin and the carfentrazone-ethyl accounts for 10-25% of the total mass of the desiccant for sesame seed withering promotion.

3. The desiccant for sesame ripening according to claim 1, wherein the desiccant for sesame ripening further comprises functional additives, a filler and an attachment, and the functional additives comprise a dispersant and a surfactant.

4. The desiccant for sesame seed withering according to claim 3, wherein the filler comprises a mixture of one or more of clay, white charcoal, bentonite, water-soluble starch, pyrophyllite and urea.

5. The desiccant for sesame seed withering according to claim 3, wherein the attachment comprises one or more of talc, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, and kaolin.

6. The desiccant for sesame seed withering promotion as claimed in claim 3, wherein the dispersant comprises one or more of polycarboxylate, sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.

7. The desiccant for sesame seed ripening according to claim 3, wherein the surfactant comprises one or more of triphenylvinylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecylthiosulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, SPAN and TWEEN.