CN110503718B - Three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A three-dimensional engineering model light-weight display method, the three-dimensional engineering model refers to a computer digital three-dimensional model, the method includes the steps: carrying out light weight treatment on the digitized three-dimensional engineering model based on an actual display environment; and mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize three-dimensional dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label. And determining the three-dimensional entity coordinate position of the mounted two-dimensional label by positioning the centroid coordinates of the three-dimensional engineering model. The method is used for solving the problems of light weight processing and information display management of the three-dimensional model required in management of large-scale engineering projects or products.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of large engineering management, and particularly relates to a light-weight display method for a three-dimensional engineering model.
Background
In the development process of the airplane, each management layer and each business layer need to master information of the development of the airplane in real time to know the development progress of the airplane. For the requirement, a method for analyzing and displaying related information through the hierarchical dimension of the conventional BI analysis and display mode such as a dashboard, a report and the like is currently used. However, the development of the aircraft belongs to very complex system engineering, and with the continuous expansion of the business, more and more information needs to be analyzed and displayed, and the traditional BI display method has serious drawbacks. For example, due to the large number of analysis dimensions, a large number of instrument panels and report analysis levels, a large number of displays are accumulated daily, and the information acquisition confusion of management layers and business layers is easy to cause, so that the management efficiency is low. Based on the above situation, there is an urgent need for an display way that is visualized, easy to use, and capable of reflecting the development information of an aircraft in all directions.
One of the solutions is that the geographic information system GIS is used for reference, the airplane is regarded as a map, the airplane GIS is constructed, and the relevant information of airplane development is directly displayed through an airplane model. Since most three-dimensional CAD systems (Pro/E, UG, catia, etc.) build three-dimensional models that are solid models for engineering development and design, the solid models contain all geometric and topological information describing the components, but if all of these information are to be realized, the solid models have high requirements on computer performance, resulting in slow display speed of graphic images on the display, and the effect is not ideal when viewing the scene by non-professional ordinary staff. In order to solve the problem, the original model can be subjected to light weight treatment to form a model for management and business needs, and the model can be used for carrying out treatment such as browsing, reading, data mounting and the like.
The existing light weight process is that firstly, non-geometric information (including information such as annotation entity, structure entity feature definition, modeling history and the like) is filtered; secondly, simplifying a complex curve surface in the model, and carrying out topology and reconstruction on the simplified data; finally, if necessary, encoding compression is performed. However, the above-described light-weight method brings about a huge amount of work and calculation because of the large number of objects to be analyzed and displayed. While in certain display environments, particularly those with enhanced non-professional graphic display functions, such a significant amount of work may be unnecessary.
In addition, it is difficult to build accurate three-dimensional models for complex targets, and when the same model is used in the same three-dimensional scene, the targets of the same type cannot be distinguished in detail, and confusion is easily caused. For example, the aircraft structural member and the system member cannot be distinguished from the model, and various models in practice have definite different labels and auxiliary information on the surfaces.
To solve this problem, there are generally solutions as follows:
1. when modeling is performed by using modeling software, relevant information is directly built on a model and fixed at a determined position. The disadvantage is that the location and information content of the tag information cannot be changed in the user application, and the usability is poor.
2. When three-dimensional modeling is performed, position marks need to be reserved, and a user modifies relevant information of the model in application. The disadvantage is that the label display is not independent of the three-dimensional engineering model, and the flexibility is insufficient.
3. A separate two-dimensional or three-dimensional label is added above the model to display related information, and the related information is two parts in visual sense and lacks sense of realism.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a three-dimensional engineering model light-weight display method which is used for solving the problems of light-weight processing and information display management of a three-dimensional model required in management of large engineering projects or products.
The application provides a light-weight display method of a three-dimensional engineering model, which is a three-dimensional model with computer data, and comprises the following steps:
carrying out light weight treatment on the three-dimensional engineering model with data;
and mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label. Wherein,
and determining the three-dimensional entity coordinate position of the mounted two-dimensional label by positioning the centroid coordinates of the three-dimensional engineering model.
In the light-weight processing process, the three-dimensional engineering model is subjected to light-weight processing by taking the area threshold value of the pixel points of the screen as a comparison according to the resolution of display or projection equipment, DPI parameters and the actual size of the model, redundant information is filtered, and a simplified model is generated on the premise of keeping the appearance and the display effect of the original model.
The application is based on a light three-dimensional engineering model, and the development information of the corresponding part is displayed as required by clicking a mouse. In order to mount a two-dimensional label on a three-dimensional entity, a visual center point of a three-dimensional engineering model needs to be positioned, coordinate information of the three-dimensional entity on which label information is mounted is determined, and dynamic positioning and real-time display of the label are realized. The accurate positioning of specific related parts or parts in the three-dimensional engineering model of the large aircraft and the analysis and display of development information are realized through the labels, so that the information acquisition of a management layer and each service layer is facilitated, the information management difficulty is reduced, and the management efficiency and transparency are improved.
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The above, as well as additional purposes, features, and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present application will become readily apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the present application are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a three-dimensional engineering model tag in real time according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
According to one or more embodiments, a three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display method includes lightweight of a three-dimensional engineering model, and dynamic positioning and real-time display of tags. Here, the label refers to an explanation and explanation of the service-oriented requirements of the three-dimensional model, such as the names of the aircraft components.
The three-dimensional engineering model is subjected to light weight treatment, and is commonly seen in visual display in enterprise application scenes, such as monitoring of product production states. Such scene applications typically only require that the three-dimensional model be displayed at the level of a certain display scale, and do not require full scale scaling of the model, subject to display or projection device resolution limitations and practical application requirements. Therefore, according to the resolution of the display or projection equipment, DPI parameters and the actual size of the model, the screen pixel area threshold value on the scale level can be calculated, and the display information quantity meeting the requirement is obtained. Since the three-dimensional model can be composed of triangular patches, if the area of a certain triangular patch is smaller than the area threshold, it can be determined that the patch is combined with the adjacent patch, and the actual display effect is not affected. The specific triangular patch processing algorithm is as follows:
(1) Acquiring pixels of a corresponding screen in a camera, and setting a pixel area threshold T to n (n>=3) adjacent pixel areas S P I.e. t=s P ；
(2) Randomly selecting a triangular patch t (the merging completion mark is not 1) to obtain the area S of the triangular patch t ；
(3) Comparing the triangular patch area with the pixel area threshold size:
a. if S t Greater than or equal to S p Setting 1 for the merging completion mark of the triangular patches and simultaneously jumping to the step (2);
b. if S t Less than S p Selecting adjacent triangular patchesCorner patch t1 with area S t1 There are several cases:
1、S t +S t1 >＝S p combining triangular patches t and t1, setting 1 for the combination completion mark of the triangular patches, and simultaneously jumping to the step (2).
2、S t +S t1 <S p Combining triangular patches t and t1, S t＝ S t +S t1 ；
3. If t has adjacent patches, searching for the next adjacent triangular patch tx of t, merging the triangular patches tx, and setting the merging completion flag of the triangular patch to be 1. If S t +S tx <S p S is then t＝ S t +S tx Continuing the operation of the step; otherwise, jumping to the step (2);
if t has no adjacent triangular patches, adopting breadth-first traversal to search the adjacent triangular patches of the next layer tx, and repeating the step (3).
According to one or more embodiments, a method for dynamically positioning and displaying a tag in real time mounts a two-dimensional tag on a three-dimensional entity, and determines coordinate information of the three-dimensional entity on which tag information is mounted by positioning a visual center point of a three-dimensional engineering model.
Through research on a three-dimensional engineering model viewpoint selection algorithm, the fact that model information obtained from different viewpoints is related to geometric attributes of the model is found, intersection points of the different viewpoints are centroid positions of the model, and the centroid positions of the model are visual center points of the model. And determining the three-dimensional entity coordinate position of the mounted two-dimensional label by positioning the centroid coordinates of the three-dimensional engineering model.
Because the three-dimensional engineering model belongs to an irregular model, the centroid of the model needs to be acquired by means of a centroid recognition algorithm. At this time, firstly, the model is subjected to target segmentation, the model is segmented into regular spherical surfaces which are easy to obtain the centroid position according to a certain threshold value, and then the centroid coordinate is positioned by adopting a centroid recognition algorithm. Wherein, the calculation formula is:
in the formula (1), V i Is the volume of each basic model, x i 、y i 、z i The x, y, z coordinates of the centroid of each base model are respectively.
According to the definition of the centroid, the position is a proper position for displaying the label, but the calculation of the centroid position is complicated as can be known from the calculation formula. For complex three-dimensional engineering models such as large aircraft, calculating centroid positions of all models in real time consumes huge calculation resources, brings huge performance loss, and therefore has no practical operability. In order to solve the problem, one feasible method is to hang a hidden independent three-dimensional model (such as Cube) for the label at each centroid position through one-time calculation on the basis of a three-dimensional engineering model in advance, and load the label model and display the label at the same time when the model is loaded. In practical application, the three-dimensional engineering model can be scaled, rotated and the like, and the three-dimensional engineering model can be similarly acted with the label three-dimensional model, so that the real-time dynamic positioning and display of the label are realized, and only few computing resources are needed.
According to one or more embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the real-time display method of the label of the three-dimensional engineering model is to read the three-dimensional model from a three-dimensional model database, and change the label by operating a mouse interaction or read a Json file to generate. The specific steps for realizing the real-time display of the three-dimensional model label are as follows:
step 1, loading a three-dimensional model, executing step 6 if label information is loaded through a Json file, and executing step 2 if not;
step 2, obtaining centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model, and generating a Json file, wherein the Json file comprises the centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model, corresponding model structure information and other auxiliary information;
step 3, creating a cube as a three-dimensional entity for mounting the two-dimensional label, giving the centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model to the three-dimensional entity by calling a Json file, and acquiring the two-dimensional label information;
step 4, changing the label position information in the three-dimensional model through mouse interaction;
step 5, displaying the three-dimensional model and the label, and executing the step 7;
and 6, reading the Json file to generate. If the model is not loaded for the first time, a Json file corresponding to the model can be selected, and label information in the Json file can be changed and then directly drawn and displayed, so that repeated operation on a model target area is avoided. If the position of the label is to be modified, go to step 4;
and 7, storing the data related to the label in a Json file, and conveniently directly drawing or outputting the data to other three-dimensional display systems when the data is called next time.
In this example, real-time display of the tag on the three-dimensional model is achieved. In the aspect of visual effect, the label and the three-dimensional model are integrated, and the label is consistent with the real world real situation, so that the sense of reality is strong; in the aspect of user operation, the label is mounted on an empty three-dimensional entity, so that the label position information can be flexibly changed; in the aspect of model loading, centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model is obtained at one time, the position of a label corresponding to the three-dimensional model is rapidly positioned, and model processing efficiency is improved. The three-dimensional model in this example is a three-dimensional engineering model.
According to one or more embodiments, a method for displaying a three-dimensional model of an aircraft in a lightweight manner, for a three-dimensional product model-based production management system for a large-scale civil passenger aircraft, may include the steps of:
1) And creating a three-dimensional engineering model through CATIA, and exporting a file in an STL format. When the triangular patches are exported, controlling the quantity of the triangular patches to be generated according to application requirements;
2) Adopting java language to realize the step 1), and carrying out light weight treatment on the model. Importing the light model into 3DMax, and exporting a three-dimensional model in an FBX format;
3) Importing the three-dimensional model in the FBX format into Unity, and correlating the model with related business data (such as quality data, production progress data, supply chain data and the like);
4) Generating label information in a Json file format, wherein the label information comprises centroid coordinate information, corresponding structure information and the like of each sub-model;
5) Creating a cube, calling a Json file, and acquiring coordinate information and corresponding two-dimensional label information;
6) The method comprises the steps of changing tag position information, including changing the tag position information through mouse interaction in a three-dimensional model, or changing corresponding tag information in a Json file;
7) And displaying the three-dimensional model and the related labels.
In accordance with one or more embodiments, a three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display system for a large passenger aircraft, the system comprising,
the light weight module is used for carrying out light weight processing on the three-dimensional engineering model with data;
the label is positioned on the display module and used for mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model, so that the dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label are realized.
According to one or more embodiments, a lightweight display device for a three-dimensional engineering model of a large passenger aircraft, the display device comprising a memory; and
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, the processor performing the operations of:
carrying out light weight treatment on the three-dimensional engineering model with data;
and mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label. And positioning the centroid coordinates of the three-dimensional engineering model to determine the three-dimensional entity coordinate position of the mounted two-dimensional label.
In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices, or elements, or may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment of the present application.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or a part contributing to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
While the application has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A three-dimensional engineering model light-weight display method, the three-dimensional engineering model refers to a computer digital three-dimensional model, the method includes the steps:
carrying out light weight treatment on the digitized three-dimensional engineering model;
mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label;
determining the three-dimensional entity coordinate position of the mounted two-dimensional label by positioning the centroid coordinates of the three-dimensional engineering model;
in the light-weight processing process, the three-dimensional engineering model is subjected to light-weight processing by taking a screen pixel area threshold value as a contrast according to the resolution of display or projection equipment, DPI parameters and the actual size of the model, redundant information is filtered, a simplified model is generated on the premise of keeping the appearance and the display effect of the original model, and the dynamic positioning and real-time display method of the label comprises the following steps:
step 1, reading a three-dimensional model from a three-dimensional engineering model database, loading the three-dimensional model, and executing step 6 if label information is loaded through a Json file, otherwise executing step 2;
step 2, obtaining centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional engineering model, and generating a Json file, wherein the Json file comprises the centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model, corresponding model structure information and other auxiliary information;
step 3, creating a cube as a three-dimensional entity for mounting the two-dimensional tag, giving the centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model to the three-dimensional entity by calling a Json file, and acquiring the two-dimensional tag information;
step 4, changing the label position information in the three-dimensional model through mouse interaction;
step 5, displaying the three-dimensional engineering model and the label, and executing step 7;
step 6, reading Json file generation, if the model is not loaded for the first time, selecting the Json file corresponding to the model, changing the label information in the Json file, directly drawing and displaying, and if the position of the label needs to be modified, turning to step 4;
step 7, storing the data related to the label into a Json file for direct drawing or outputting to a three-dimensional display system of other format standards when the data is called next time;
when the three-dimensional engineering model belongs to an irregular model, the centroid of the three-dimensional engineering model is obtained through a centroid recognition algorithm, and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out target segmentation on the three-dimensional engineering model, segmenting the three-dimensional engineering model into regular spherical surfaces which are easy to acquire the centroid position according to a set threshold value, and then adopting a centroid recognition algorithm to position the centroid coordinates, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (1), V i Is the volume of each basic model, x i 、y i 、z i The x, y, z coordinates of the centroid of each base model,
when the three-dimensional engineering model is a large-sized aviation aircraft, a hidden independent three-dimensional model Cube for the label is hung on each centroid position in advance on the basis of the three-dimensional engineering model,
and when the three-dimensional engineering model is loaded, loading a label three-dimensional model Cube at the same time, and displaying the label.
2. A three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display system is characterized in that the system comprises,
the light weight module is used for carrying out light weight processing on the three-dimensional engineering model with data;
the label positioning and displaying module is used for mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label, and the three-dimensional entity coordinate position of the two-dimensional label is determined by positioning the centroid coordinate of the three-dimensional engineering model;
in the light weight processing process, the system uses the area threshold value of the pixel point of the screen as a contrast according to the resolution of display or projection equipment, DPI parameters and the actual size of the model, performs light weight processing on the three-dimensional engineering model, filters redundant information, generates a simplified model on the premise of keeping the appearance and the display effect of the original model,
the method for dynamically positioning and displaying the tag in real time comprises the following steps:
step 1, reading a three-dimensional model from a three-dimensional engineering model database, loading the three-dimensional model, and executing step 6 if label information is loaded through a Json file, otherwise executing step 2;
step 2, obtaining centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional engineering model, and generating a Json file, wherein the Json file comprises the centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model, corresponding model structure information and other auxiliary information;
step 3, creating a cube as a three-dimensional entity for mounting the two-dimensional tag, giving the centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model to the three-dimensional entity by calling a Json file, and acquiring the two-dimensional tag information;
step 4, changing the label position information in the three-dimensional model through mouse interaction;
step 5, displaying the three-dimensional engineering model and the label, and executing step 7;
step 6, reading Json file generation, if the model is not loaded for the first time, selecting the Json file corresponding to the model, changing the label information in the Json file, directly drawing and displaying, and if the position of the label needs to be modified, turning to step 4;
step 7, storing the data related to the label into a Json file for direct drawing or outputting to a three-dimensional display system of other format standards when the data is called next time;
when the three-dimensional engineering model belongs to an irregular model, the centroid of the three-dimensional engineering model is obtained through a centroid recognition algorithm, and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out target segmentation on the three-dimensional engineering model, segmenting the three-dimensional engineering model into regular spherical surfaces which are easy to acquire the centroid position according to a set threshold value, and then adopting a centroid recognition algorithm to position the centroid coordinates, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (1), V i Is the volume of each basic model, x i 、y i 、z i The x, y, z coordinates of the centroid of each base model,
when the three-dimensional engineering model is a large-sized aviation aircraft, a hidden independent three-dimensional model Cube for the label is hung on each centroid position in advance on the basis of the three-dimensional engineering model,
and when the three-dimensional engineering model is loaded, loading a label three-dimensional model Cube at the same time, and displaying the label.
3. A three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display device, characterized in that the display device comprises a memory; and
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to execute instructions stored in the memory to implement the method of claim 1.
4. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of claim 1.
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