CN107132912B - Interactive demonstration method and system for building planning of GIS and BIM augmented reality - Google Patents
Interactive demonstration method and system for building planning of GIS and BIM augmented reality Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an interactive demonstration method and system for building planning of GIS and BIM augmented reality, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the GIS combines the elevation digital model and the BIM to generate an integral three-dimensional model, a terrain three-dimensional model is built on the elevation digital model, and a building planning three-dimensional model is built on the BIM and stored in a database server; the method comprises the steps that a camera device collects a characteristic range on a medium, an AR client side calls a correspondingly numbered terrain three-dimensional model and a correspondingly numbered building planning three-dimensional model according to the characteristic range to form an integral three-dimensional model, and the integral three-dimensional model is output to a display device to be displayed in a superposition mode in the corresponding characteristic range; the motion sensing device collects gesture actions corresponding to an operator, and the AR client calls the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model with the corresponding number according to the gesture actions and outputs the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model to the display device to be displayed in a superposition mode in the corresponding characteristic range. The invention realizes AR automatic identification and query, and greatly improves the working efficiency and quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building planning approval application, in particular to an interactive demonstration method and system for building planning of GIS and BIM augmented reality.
Background
The existing traditional building planning is generally designed by adopting a large amount of paper media, and the storage occupies space, and the manufacturing, printing, storing, maintaining and transferring speeds are slow; no matter making earlier stage, examination and approval or later stage storage, the maintenance, how much the storage brings extra resource consumption, if adopt the paper atlas usually at the flow of conventional planning examination and approval, the scheme is compared, the greenery patches, the orientation, the volume ratio, sunshine, energy-conservation, the aspect of fire control etc. is reviewed, can't carry out data visualization, and traditional atlas is few of reviewing the number of people simultaneously, the resource application rate is low, many people can not be reviewed simultaneously in parallel, can only adopt asynchronous mode, data query is inefficient, response speed is many with the hour or with the day as the unit of measurement, paper text data is stiff simultaneously, be not convenient for understand fast, very big reduction work efficiency.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an interactive demonstration method and system for GIS and BIM augmented reality in building planning, so as to overcome the defect of low manufacturing, maintenance and review efficiency caused by the adoption of a large amount of paper medium design in the traditional building planning.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides an interactive demonstration method of a GIS and a BIM augmented reality in building planning, specifically comprising:
the GIS combines the elevation digital model with the BIM to generate an integral three-dimensional model, wherein a plurality of terrain three-dimensional models with different numbers are established in the elevation digital model, and a plurality of building planning three-dimensional models with different numbers are established on the BIM and stored in a database server;
the method comprises the steps that a camera device collects a characteristic range on a medium, an AR client side calls a correspondingly numbered terrain three-dimensional model and a correspondingly numbered building planning three-dimensional model according to the characteristic range to form an integral three-dimensional model, and the integral three-dimensional model is output to a display device, is located in the medium and is displayed on the corresponding characteristic range in a superposition mode;
the method comprises the steps that gesture actions corresponding to an operator are collected by the motion sensing equipment, the AR client calls the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model corresponding to the number according to the gesture actions and outputs the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model to the display equipment, and the display equipment is located in a medium and corresponds to the characteristic range to be overlaid and displayed.
In the above technical solution, the characteristic range is a pattern surrounded by a plurality of characteristic points.
In the technical scheme, a terrain three-dimensional model or a building planning three-dimensional model with numbers corresponding to different gesture actions needs to be established and stored in a service database.
In the technical scheme, technical parameters with numbers corresponding to the characteristic ranges or different gesture actions are also required to be established and stored in a service database; and when the technical parameters of the feature range or the plurality of gesture actions corresponding to a certain number are obtained, the technical parameters of the corresponding number are called by the AR client and output to the display equipment to be positioned in the corresponding feature range in the medium for superposition display.
In the above technical solution, the medium is a drawing or an operation panel.
In the above technical solution, the gesture includes: lifting, waving, pushing forward and moving.
In the technical scheme, the step of acquiring the corresponding gesture actions by the motion sensing equipment specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring a gesture action image of an operator; then removing the background of the gesture action image and carrying out binarization processing; then, an approximate polygon of the gesture action image is obtained, and finally, an outline convex hull of the polygon is obtained.
In order to achieve the above object, in another aspect, an interactive demonstration system for building planning of a GIS and a BIM augmented reality is provided, which includes:
the database server is used for storing a plurality of terrain three-dimensional models with different numbers built in the elevation digital model and building a plurality of building planning three-dimensional models with different numbers on the BIM;
the camera shooting device is used for collecting the characteristic range on the medium;
the motion sensing equipment is used for acquiring gesture actions corresponding to an operator;
the AR client is used for calling the terrain three-dimensional model and the building planning three-dimensional model which are correspondingly numbered according to the characteristic range to form an integral three-dimensional model, outputting the integral three-dimensional model to a display device, locating the display device in a medium, and displaying the integral three-dimensional model on the corresponding characteristic range in an overlapping mode;
and the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model corresponding to the number is called according to the gesture action and is output to display equipment to be positioned in the corresponding characteristic range in the medium for superposition display.
In the above technical solution, the database server is further configured to store the terrain three-dimensional models or the building planning three-dimensional models with different numbers corresponding to the plurality of gesture actions.
In the above technical solution, the database server is further configured to store technical parameters of different numbers corresponding to the feature range or the plurality of gesture actions; when the technical parameters of the feature range or the plurality of gesture actions corresponding to a certain number are obtained, the technical parameters of the corresponding number are called by the AR client and output to the display device to be positioned in the corresponding feature range in the medium for superposition display.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention integrates GIS, BIM, AR and somatosensory into a whole to be applied to city planning construction, gets rid of the traditional mode of operating GIS and BIM data in a mode of carrying out design related with drawings or a keyboard and mouse, realizes the automatic identification and query of common paper drawings by the AR technology, displays the response speed in millisecond time unit, and can transmit data streams among multiple departments to improve the review speed during approval, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency and quality, saving the traditional input link, saving the time consumed by interpersonal interactive communication, saving the keyboard when relevant operation is carried out by somatosensory gestures, realizing the operation of the whole system driven by the drawings and the gestures of an operator at high speed by the traditional input mode of the mouse, and playing a visual role in later management and operation of construction projects.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a building diagram of an interactive demonstration system for GIS and BIM augmentation implementation in building planning according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an interactive demonstration method of GIS and BIM augmented reality in building planning according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a first schematic diagram of a somatosensory presentation according to the invention.
Fig. 4 is a second schematic illustration of a somatosensory presentation according to the invention.
Fig. 5-1 is an image acquisition of a somatosensory gesture extraction step according to the invention.
Fig. 5-2 is an image background removal and binarization method according to the somatosensory gesture extraction step of the invention.
Fig. 5-3 are the approximate polygons obtained according to the somatosensory gesture extraction step of the present invention.
Fig. 5-4 are the contour convex hull obtained according to the somatosensory gesture extraction step of the invention.
Fig. 5-5 are illustrations of convex hull defect acquisition according to the somatosensory gesture extraction step of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an effect diagram of an interactive demonstration of building planning according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Before describing this embodiment, some terms of art and system architecture in this embodiment are first introduced:
geographic Information System (English: Geographic Information System, abbreviation: GIS): is a special and very important spatial information system. The system is a technical system for collecting, storing, managing, operating, analyzing, displaying and describing relevant geographic distribution data in the whole or partial earth surface (including the atmosphere) space under the support of a computer hardware and software system.
Building Information model (Building Information Modeling, BIM): the building information model can be used for displaying the whole building life cycle, including the construction process and the operation process. The information of the materials in the building is very convenient to extract. All parts and all systems in the building can be presented; the building information model represents the elements in the real world that are used to construct buildings in digitized building elements.
The Digital Elevation Model (Digital Elevation Model) is abbreviated as DEM. The method is an entity ground model for representing the ground elevation by a group of ordered numerical array forms, DTM is space distribution for describing various landform factors including elevation, such as linear and nonlinear combinations of factors including gradient, slope direction, gradient change rate and the like, wherein the DEM is a zero-order simple single-term digital landform model, and other landform characteristics such as gradient, slope direction, gradient change rate and the like can be established on the basis of the DEM.
Augmented Reality (AR): the method is a new technology for seamlessly integrating real world information and virtual world information, and is characterized in that entity information (visual information, sound, taste, touch and the like) which is difficult to experience in a certain time space range of the real world originally is overlapped after being simulated through scientific technologies such as computers and the like, virtual information is applied to the real world and is perceived by human senses, and therefore the sensory experience beyond reality is achieved. The real environment and the virtual object are superimposed on the same picture or space in real time and exist simultaneously.
The motion sensing technology comprises the following steps: people can directly use the limb actions to interact with peripheral devices or environments without using any complicated control equipment.
In the embodiment, the technology is realized by adopting a linear upper-lower layer structure, the GIS and the BIM are used as bottom layer data sources, a needed three-dimensional model is provided for AR display, the somatosensory device identifies limb instructions of an operator, and a specified three-dimensional model is called out.
This embodiment employs a C/S architecture:
the C/S architecture is a typical two-layer architecture, the whole process of the C/S architecture is Client/Server, namely a Client-Server architecture, a Client comprises one or more programs running on a computer of a user, the Server comprises two types, one type is a database Server, and the Client is connected with and accesses data of the Server through a database; the other is a Socket server side, and a program of the server side is communicated with a program of the client side through a Socket.
The C/S architecture can also be viewed as a thick client architecture. As the client needs to implement most of the business logic and interface exposure. In this architecture, it is highly stressful to be part of the client, since both display logic and transactions are contained therein, and persistent data is achieved through interaction with the database (usually SQL or implementations of stored procedures), thereby meeting the needs of the actual project.
Fig. 1 shows an interactive demonstration system for implementing building planning by GIS and BIM enhancement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the C/S architecture:
s server side: the GIS and the BIM are used as data sources, are mapped into a database in a server side, and provide query and retrieval;
c, client side: the method is composed of a pattern recognition part, a tracking part and a display and superposition three-dimensional model part.
The client software comprises the following components:
AR client function: calling Opencv plug-in unity3d to realize identification and three-dimensional model superposition, and realizing three-dimensional model presentation by an openGL 2.0ES module integrated with unity3 d;
2. the camera equipment collects the function: collecting the related characteristic range of the paper medium and transmitting the related characteristic range back to the AR client;
3. the motion sensing device (Kinect SDK) has the following acquisition function: the body state and gesture recognition of the detected person is realized by a Kinect SDK C + + API;
SQL database interface function: and searching a corresponding three-dimensional model with a server database, and returning the model to the AR client for dynamic superposition display.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for interactive demonstration of the building planning of the GIS and the BIM augmented reality according to the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:
step S100: the GIS combines the elevation digital model with the building BIM model to generate an integral three-dimensional model, wherein a plurality of terrain three-dimensional models with different numbers are established on the elevation digital model, a plurality of building planning three-dimensional models with different numbers are established on the building BIM model, the terrain three-dimensional models and the building planning three-dimensional models are stored in a database server, and SQL query is waited; the three-dimensional terrain model is a model of the earth surface, the wind, the sunshine, the river and the like, and the three-dimensional building planning model is a model for constructing a building module component, a road, a building construction process and the like.
In addition, firstly, establishing a recognizable characteristic range on a medium, wherein the characteristic range is preferably a graph formed by a plurality of characteristic points, and the medium is preferably a drawing or an operation table; meanwhile, a terrain three-dimensional model or a building planning three-dimensional model with numbers corresponding to different gesture actions needs to be established and stored in a database to be compared and called, wherein the gesture actions comprise: lifting, swinging, pushing, moving and the like, such as lifting to be a building construction process three-dimensional model, swinging to be a wind blowing three-dimensional model, left support to be a sunshine three-dimensional model and the like, and specifically see fig. 3 and 4, of course, in this embodiment, the gesture motion can be designed by a designer, and is not limited thereto; furthermore, in order to make the viewer more clearly view the technical parameters of the three-dimensional model being demonstrated, the technical parameters of the numbers corresponding to the feature ranges or different gesture actions need to be established and stored in the service database.
The server side in the C/S architecture comprises the following implementation steps:
step 1: the API is accessed into the GIS system;
step 2: the GIS transmits a system digital Elevation model DEM (digital Elevation model) into the BIM;
and step 3: the BIM transfers the data into an object-relational database, and the database adopts a MySQL 64-bit 5 version;
and 4, step 4: waiting for the SQL query.
Step S101: the method comprises the steps that a camera device collects a characteristic range on a medium, an AR client calls a correspondingly numbered terrain three-dimensional model and a correspondingly numbered building planning three-dimensional model in a database server according to the characteristic range to form an integral three-dimensional model, and the integral three-dimensional model is output to a display device, located in the medium and displayed in a superposition mode on the corresponding characteristic range;
wherein, the AR client side calls a high-definition camera device to dynamically capture the feature points on the feature range of the detected object (paper/article) in real time to optimize the SIFT algorithm (Scale Invariant feature transform matching algorithm) so as to improve the capture efficiency, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the captured object is lost in the operation process of an operator (the change of picture rotation, small jitter, small inclination angle and size), after the feature range is identified, the AR client side calls a correspondingly numbered terrain three-dimensional model and a building planning three-dimensional model in a database server to form an integral three-dimensional model, outputs the integral three-dimensional model to the feature range of a display device in a medium to be superposed and displayed, and further, in order to enable a viewer to be clearer about the attribute of the displayed three-dimensional model, therefore, in the embodiment, the AR client side also calls technical parameters corresponding to the feature range in the database server, outputting the technical parameters to a display device positioned in the medium to perform superposition display on the technical parameters in the corresponding characteristic range.
The implementation steps of the AR client in the C/S architecture are as follows:
step 1: the camera equipment is synchronously connected with the AR client of the host through communication equipment, and the camera equipment collects the characteristic points of the detected drawing;
step 2: synchronously transmitting the collected data to an AR client host;
and step 3: the AR client side in the host machine identifies the collected data, and the data are compared through an algorithm to obtain a three-dimensional model number corresponding to the graph paper to be checked and are synchronously transmitted to the client side host machine;
and 4, step 4: obtaining a three-dimensional model number corresponding to the checked graph paper through algorithm comparison;
and 5: the serial number of the three-dimensional model queries a database in a server through SQL;
step 6: the GIS, traversing the BIM database to find the three-dimensional model and the technical parameter corresponding to the serial number;
and 7: the three-dimensional model and the technical parameters are transmitted back to the client host, and the three-dimensional model and the technical parameters are simultaneously called back to the AR program for superposition display, so that the specific effect is shown in figure 6, and the system has the advantages of sunshine and wind environment analysis, dynamic animation expression, high-efficiency demonstration, high acceptance and easiness in understanding.
Step S102: the motion sensing device collects gesture actions corresponding to an operator, and the AR client calls the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model with the corresponding number in the database server according to the gesture actions and outputs the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model to the display device, wherein the display device is located in the medium and is superposed and displayed in the corresponding characteristic range.
Further, in order to make the viewer more clearly call the attribute of the three-dimensional model through the gesture, in this embodiment, the AR client also calls the technical parameter corresponding to the gesture in the database server, and outputs the technical parameter to the display device in the medium to be displayed in a superimposed manner in the corresponding feature range.
The AR client calls a somatosensory device (Microsoft Kinect Motion Capture) to Capture and recognize key skeleton tracking (IK) of a human body, particularly human hand Motion, the somatosensory part needs to perform convex hull and defect algorithm (convexHull) recognition rate on gestures in effective recognition distance to be more than 90%, and needs to perform feature machine learning training library on various command gestures to obtain a convex hull feature library and then map the convex hull feature library into a database server for standby.
As shown in fig. 5-1 to 5-5, the step of identifying the convex hull of the gesture in the effective identification distance by the somatosensory part includes: firstly, acquiring a motion image; then background removal and binarization processing are carried out on the action image (including expanding pixel points to avoid finger truncation; the maximum contour is selected, the maximum contour is redrawn, and background noise is filtered); then, an approximate polygon of the motion image is obtained, then, a contour convex hull of the polygon is obtained (using OpenCV contour convex hull detection), and finally, a convex hull defect is obtained (a black point below a white point is the convex hull defect).
Further, the somatosensory device (Kinect SDK) acquisition program is realized by the following steps:
step 1: the host program starts a Kinect SDK program;
step 2: the Kinect equipment is aligned with an operator, is opened within 6 meters from 1.5 outside;
and step 3: judging the body posture of the whole operator by the Kinect SDK body FrameReader;
and 4, step 4: using OpenNI to judge four actions of RaiseHandd, Wave, Click and MovingHandd, and lifting, waving, pushing and moving of gestures;
and 5: and converting the judged gesture command into an execution number for calling and operating the three-dimensional model and the technical parameters, and transmitting the execution number to a database at the server end through SQL (structured query language) to wait for data callback.
Step 6: the GIS and the BIM database are traversed to find the three-dimensional model and the technical parameters;
and 7: the three-dimensional model and the technical parameters are returned to the client host, and the three-dimensional model and the technical parameters are returned to the AR program for superposition display, which is specifically shown in fig. 3 and 4.
To sum up, this embodiment has fused GIS, BIM, AR, and the body is felt in integrative application system platform, makes man-machine data exchange efficiency higher, can realize database retrieval through the paper drawing, and the body is felt the gesture and can be the operating system instruction execution, lets AR, the body is felt and is become the interface in data world to more natural mode, break away from keyboard mouse's mode operation GIS, BIM data, after each function department door is connected to the data link, except that the initial stage planning stage provides the reference idea, more can play audio-visual effect to the later stage management of building project, the operation.
While the present invention is susceptible of embodiment in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings, and herein will be described in detail, specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the invention to the specific forms set forth herein, but rather to limit the invention to the specific forms set forth herein.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps of implementing the embodiments of the apparatus may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program performs the steps including the embodiments of the method; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An interactive demonstration method of GIS and BIM augmented reality in building planning is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps:
the GIS combines the elevation digital model with the BIM to generate an integral three-dimensional model, wherein a plurality of terrain three-dimensional models with different numbers are established in the elevation digital model, and a plurality of building planning three-dimensional models with different numbers are established on the BIM and stored in a database server;
the method comprises the steps that a camera device collects a characteristic range on a medium, an AR client side calls a correspondingly numbered terrain three-dimensional model and a correspondingly numbered building planning three-dimensional model according to the characteristic range to form an integral three-dimensional model, and the integral three-dimensional model is output to a display device, is located in the medium and is displayed on the corresponding characteristic range in a superposition mode;
the method comprises the steps that gesture actions corresponding to an operator are collected by the motion sensing equipment, the AR client calls the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model corresponding to the number according to the gesture actions and outputs the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model to the display equipment, and the display equipment is located in a medium and corresponds to the characteristic range to be overlaid and displayed.
2. The method for interactive presentation of GIS and BIM augmented reality in building planning of claim 1, wherein the feature range is a graph surrounded by a plurality of feature points.
3. The interactive demonstration method for building planning of GIS and BIM augmented reality according to claim 1, wherein a terrain three-dimensional model or a building planning three-dimensional model with numbers corresponding to different gesture actions is further established and stored in a service database.
4. The interactive demonstration method of GIS and BIM augmented reality in building planning of claim 1, further comprising establishing technical parameters with numbers corresponding to the characteristic ranges or different gesture actions, and storing the technical parameters in a service database; and when the technical parameters of the feature range or the plurality of gesture actions corresponding to a certain number are obtained, the technical parameters of the corresponding number are called by the AR client and output to the display equipment to be positioned in the corresponding feature range in the medium for superposition display.
5. The method for interactive presentation of GIS and BIM augmented reality in building planning of claim 1, wherein the gesture comprises: lifting, waving, pushing forward and moving.
6. The interactive demonstration method for building planning of GIS and BIM augmented reality according to claim 1, wherein the medium is drawing or operation console.
7. The interactive demonstration method for building planning of the GIS and the BIM augmented reality according to claim 1, wherein the step of the motion sensing device acquiring the corresponding gesture actions specifically comprises: firstly, acquiring a gesture action image of an operator; then removing the background of the gesture action image and carrying out binarization processing; then, an approximate polygon of the gesture action image is obtained, and finally, an outline convex hull of the polygon is obtained.
8. The utility model provides a GIS and BIM augmented reality at interactive demonstration system of building planning which characterized in that includes:
the database server is used for storing a plurality of terrain three-dimensional models with different numbers built in the elevation digital model and building a plurality of building planning three-dimensional models with different numbers on the BIM;
the camera shooting device is used for collecting the characteristic range on the medium;
the motion sensing equipment is used for acquiring gesture actions corresponding to an operator;
the AR client is used for calling the terrain three-dimensional model and the building planning three-dimensional model which are correspondingly numbered according to the characteristic range to form an integral three-dimensional model, outputting the integral three-dimensional model to a display device, locating the display device in a medium, and displaying the integral three-dimensional model on the corresponding characteristic range in an overlapping mode;
and the terrain three-dimensional model or the building planning three-dimensional model corresponding to the number is called according to the gesture action and is output to display equipment to be positioned in the corresponding characteristic range in the medium for superposition display.
9. The interactive presentation system for GIS and BIM augmented reality building planning of claim 8, wherein the database server is further configured to store numbered terrain three-dimensional models or building planning three-dimensional models corresponding to different said gesture actions.
10. The interactive presentation system for GIS and BIM enhanced building planning as claimed in claim 8, wherein the database server is further configured to store technical parameters numbered corresponding to the feature ranges or different gesture actions;
when the technical parameters of the feature range or the plurality of gesture actions corresponding to a certain number are obtained, the technical parameters of the corresponding number are called by the AR client and output to the display device to be positioned in the corresponding feature range in the medium for superposition display.
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