CN110503718A - Three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display methods - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display methods, the three-dimensional engineering model refer to the threedimensional model of computer digital, and the method comprising the steps of: digitized three-dimensional engineering model is carried out the light-weight technologg based on actual displayed environment；By two-dimensional tag carry on the three-dimensional engineering model, the dynamic positioning and real-time display of two-dimensional tag three dimensional stress are realized.By positioning the centroid coordinate of three-dimensional engineering model, so that it is determined that the 3D solid coordinate position of carry two-dimensional tag.The light-weight technologg and information display management of required threedimensional model in management for solving the problems, such as Larger Engineering Projects or product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of large-scale engineering management, and particularly relates to a lightweight display method for a three-dimensional engineering model.
Background
In the process of aircraft development, each management layer and each business layer need to master information of aircraft development in real time to know the aircraft development progress. For the requirement, the most used method at present is to analyze and display related information through hierarchical dimensions of traditional BI analysis display modes such as instrument panels and reports. However, the development of the airplane belongs to very complex system engineering, and with the continuous development of services, more and more information needs to be analyzed and displayed, and the traditional BI display method has serious disadvantages. For example, the number of analysis dimensions is large, the levels of analysis of a dashboard and a report are large, the dashboard and the report are accumulated day by day, the number of displays is large, information acquisition of a management layer and each service layer is easily disordered, and the management efficiency is low. Based on the current situation, an airplane manufacturer urgently needs a visualization display mode which is easy to use and can reflect the development information of the airplane in an all-round way.
One solution is to use a Geographic Information System (GIS) for reference, regard an airplane as a map, construct the GIS of the airplane, and directly display related information of the developed airplane through an airplane model. Since the three-dimensional models established by most three-dimensional CAD systems (Pro/E, UG, Catia, etc.) are solid models designed for engineering research and development, although the solid models contain all the geometric and topological information describing the components, if the information is to be realized completely, the solid models have high requirements on the performance of the computer, so that the display speed of graphic images on the display is slow, and the effect is not ideal when the scene is viewed by non-professional ordinary workers. In order to solve this problem, a lightweight process may be applied to the original model to form a model for management and business needs, and the model may be used to perform processes such as browsing, circling, and mounting data.
The existing lightweight process is that non-geometric information (including annotation entity, structural entity feature definition, modeling history and other information) is filtered firstly; secondly, simplifying a complex curve surface in the model, and carrying out topology and reconstruction on the simplified data; finally, if necessary, the encoding compression is performed. However, the above-mentioned method for reducing the weight involves a large amount of work and calculation because of the large number of objects to be analyzed and displayed. Meanwhile, in certain display environments, especially those with enhanced non-professional graphic display functions, a great deal of work may not be necessary.
In addition, it is difficult to establish an accurate three-dimensional model for a complex target, and when the same model is used in the same type of three-dimensional scene, the targets of the same type cannot be distinguished specifically, which is easy to cause confusion. For example, aircraft body structural components and system components cannot be distinguished from models, and in reality, various models have specific different labels and auxiliary information on surfaces.
To solve this problem, there can be generally a solution idea that:
1. when modeling is carried out by using modeling software, relevant information is directly built on the model and is fixed at a determined position. The disadvantage is that the position and information content of the label information can not be changed in the user application, and the usability is poor.
2. During three-dimensional modeling, a position mark needs to be reserved, and a user modifies relevant information of a model in application. The disadvantage is that the label display is not independent of the three-dimensional engineering model and the flexibility is not enough.
3. An independent two-dimensional or three-dimensional label is added above the model to display related information, and the two-dimensional or three-dimensional label is two parts from the visual point of view and lacks the sense of reality.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display method, which is used for solving the problems of lightweight processing and information display management of a three-dimensional model required in the management of large engineering projects or products.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for displaying a three-dimensional engineering model in a lightweight manner is provided, where the three-dimensional engineering model is a computerized, digitized three-dimensional model, and the method includes the steps of:
carrying out lightweight processing on the digitalized three-dimensional engineering model;
and mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label. Wherein,
and determining the coordinate position of the three-dimensional entity for mounting the two-dimensional label by positioning the centroid coordinate of the three-dimensional engineering model.
In the process of lightweight processing, according to the resolution ratio of display or projection equipment, DPI parameters and the actual size of a model, the area threshold of a screen pixel point is used as comparison, lightweight processing is carried out on the three-dimensional engineering model, redundant information is filtered, and a simplified model is generated on the premise of keeping the appearance and the display effect of the original model.
The invention is based on a light-weight three-dimensional engineering model, and development information of a corresponding part is displayed as required by clicking with a mouse. In order to mount the two-dimensional tag on the three-dimensional entity, a visual center point of the three-dimensional engineering model needs to be positioned, coordinate information of the three-dimensional entity on which tag information is mounted is determined, and dynamic positioning and real-time display of the tag are realized. The label realizes the accurate positioning of specific relevant parts or parts in the three-dimensional engineering model including large-scale aircrafts and the analysis and display of development information, facilitates the acquisition of information of a management layer and each business layer, reduces the difficulty of information management, and improves the management efficiency and the transparency.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a real-time display process of a three-dimensional engineering model label according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
According to one or more embodiments, the three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display method comprises the steps of carrying out lightweight on the three-dimensional engineering model, and dynamically positioning and displaying the label in real time. Here, the labels refer to the interpretation and description of the business-oriented requirements of the three-dimensional model, such as the names of aircraft components.
The three-dimensional engineering model lightweight processing is commonly used for visual display in an enterprise application scene, such as monitoring of a product production state. Such scene applications typically require only the three-dimensional model to be displayed at the level of a certain display scale, and do not require full scale scaling of the model, subject to limitations in the resolution of the display or projection device and the practical requirements of the application. Therefore, according to the resolution of the display or projection equipment, the DPI parameter and the actual size of the model, the area threshold of the screen pixel point on the scale level can be calculated, and the required display information quantity is obtained. Because the three-dimensional model can be composed of triangular patches, if the area of a triangular patch is smaller than the area threshold, the triangular patch and an adjacent patch can be determined to be combined, and the actual display effect cannot be influenced. The specific triangular patch processing algorithm is as follows:
(1) acquiring pixels corresponding to a screen in a camera, and setting a pixel area threshold T to be n (n)>3) area S of adjacent pixelsPI.e. T ═ SP；
(2) Randomly selecting a triangular patch t (the merging completion identifier is not 1), and acquiring the area S of the triangular patcht；
(3) Comparing the area of the triangular patch with the pixel area threshold value:
a. if S istGreater than or equal to SpSetting the merging completion identifier of the triangular patch as 1 and skipping to the step (2);
b. if S istLess than SpSelecting a triangular patch t1 with area S adjacent to the triangular patcht1There are several cases:
1、St+St1>＝Spand merging the triangular patches t and t1, setting the merging completion identifier of the triangular patch as 1 and simultaneously jumping to the step (2).
2、St+St1<SpMerging the triangular patch t with t1, St＝St+St1；
3. If t has an adjacent patch, then the next adjacent triangular patch tx of t is searched, the triangular patch tx is merged, and the merging completion identifier for the triangular patch is set as 1. If S ist+Stx<SpThen St＝St+StxContinuing the operation of the step; otherwise, skipping to the step (2);
and if t has no adjacent triangular patch, searching the adjacent triangular patch of the next layer tx by breadth-first traversal, and repeating the step (3).
According to one or more embodiments, a method for dynamically positioning and displaying a tag in real time includes mounting a two-dimensional tag on a three-dimensional entity, and determining coordinate information of the three-dimensional entity on which tag information is mounted by positioning a visual center point of a three-dimensional engineering model.
Through research on a three-dimensional engineering model viewpoint selection algorithm, it is found that model information obtained from different viewpoints is related to the geometric attributes of the model, the intersection points of the different viewpoints are the centroid positions of the model, and the centroid positions of the model are the visual center points of the model. And determining the coordinate position of the three-dimensional entity for mounting the two-dimensional label by positioning the centroid coordinate of the three-dimensional engineering model.
Because the three-dimensional engineering model belongs to an irregular model, the centroid of the model needs to be obtained by means of a centroid recognition algorithm. At this time, firstly, the model is divided into targets, the model is divided into regular spherical surfaces which are easy to obtain the centroid position according to a certain threshold value, and then the centroid coordinate is positioned by adopting a centroid recognition algorithm. Wherein, the calculation formula is:
in the formula (1), ViIs the volume, x, of each basic modeli、yi、ziRespectively the x, y, z coordinates of the centroid of each elementary model.
According to the definition of the centroid, the position is the position where the label is properly displayed, but the calculation of the centroid position is complicated as can be seen from the above calculation formula. For a complex three-dimensional engineering model such as a large-scale aviation aircraft, calculating the centroid positions of all models in real time consumes huge calculation resources, brings huge performance loss, and thus has no practical operability. To solve this problem, a feasible method is to hang a hidden independent three-dimensional model (e.g. Cube) for a label at each centroid position through one-time calculation on the basis of a three-dimensional engineering model in advance, and when the model is loaded, the label model is loaded at the same time, and the label is displayed accordingly. In practical application, operations such as scaling and rotation of the three-dimensional engineering model can be acted on the label three-dimensional model in the same way, so that real-time dynamic positioning and display of the label are realized, and only few computing resources are needed.
According to one or more embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the real-time display method of the three-dimensional engineering model tag is that a three-dimensional model is read out from a three-dimensional model database, and the tag is changed or a Json file is read to generate the tag by operating a mouse in an interactive mode. The specific steps for realizing the real-time display of the three-dimensional model label are as follows:
step 1, loading a three-dimensional model, executing step 6 if label information is loaded through a Json file, and executing step 2 if label information is not loaded through the Json file;
step 2, obtaining three-dimensional model centroid coordinate information and generating a Json file which comprises the three-dimensional model centroid coordinate information, corresponding model structure information and other auxiliary information;
step 3, creating a cube as a three-dimensional entity for mounting the two-dimensional label, assigning the centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model to the three-dimensional entity by calling a Json file, and acquiring the information of the two-dimensional label;
step 4, changing the position information of the label in the three-dimensional model through mouse interaction;
step 5, displaying the three-dimensional model and the label, and executing step 7;
and 6, reading the Json file to generate. If the model is not loaded for the first time, the Json file corresponding to the model can be selected, the label information in the Json file can be changed and then directly drawn and displayed, and repeated operation on a model target area is avoided. If the position of the label is to be modified, turning to the step 4;
and 7, storing data related to the label into a Json file, and conveniently drawing or outputting the data to other three-dimensional display systems directly when calling next time.
In this example, a real-time display of the label on the three-dimensional model is achieved. In the aspect of visual effect, the label and the three-dimensional model are integrated and consistent with the real situation of the real world, and the sense of reality is strong; in the aspect of user operation, the label is mounted on an empty three-dimensional entity, so that the position information of the label can be flexibly changed; in the aspect of model loading, the centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model is acquired at one time, the position of the corresponding label of the three-dimensional model is rapidly positioned, and the model processing efficiency is improved. The three-dimensional model in this example is a three-dimensional engineering model.
According to one or more embodiments, a method for displaying the weight reduction of a three-dimensional model of an aircraft for a production management system based on the weight reduction of the three-dimensional model of a large civil passenger plane may include the following steps:
1) and (4) creating a three-dimensional engineering model through CATIA, and exporting a file in STL format. During exporting, controlling the number of generated triangular patches according to application requirements;
2) and (3) realizing the step 1) by adopting java language, and carrying out lightweight processing on the model. Importing a lightweight model into 3DMax, and exporting a three-dimensional model in an FBX format;
3) importing the three-dimensional model in the FBX format into Unity, and associating the three-dimensional model with related business data (such as quality data, production progress data, supply chain data and the like);
4) generating label information in a Json file format, wherein the label information comprises centroid coordinate information, corresponding structure information and the like of each sub-model;
5) creating a cube, calling a Json file, and acquiring coordinate information and corresponding two-dimensional label information;
6) changing the tag position information, including changing the tag position information in the three-dimensional model through mouse interaction, or changing the corresponding tag information in a Json file;
7) the three-dimensional model and associated labels are displayed.
In accordance with one or more embodiments, a three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display system for a large passenger aircraft, the system comprising,
the light-weight module is used for carrying out light-weight processing on the digitalized three-dimensional engineering model;
the label is positioned on the display module and used for mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label.
According to one or more embodiments, a three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display device for a large passenger plane comprises a memory; and
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, the processor to:
carrying out lightweight processing on the digitalized three-dimensional engineering model;
and mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label. And determining the coordinate position of the three-dimensional entity for mounting the two-dimensional label by positioning the centroid coordinate of the three-dimensional engineering model.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be an electric, mechanical or other form of connection.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display method is provided, the three-dimensional engineering model is a computer digitalized three-dimensional model, and the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out lightweight treatment on the digitized three-dimensional engineering model;
and mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label.
2. The three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display method according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional entity coordinate position on which the two-dimensional tag is mounted is determined by locating the centroid coordinate of the three-dimensional engineering model.
3. The three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display method of claim 1, wherein in the lightweight processing process, the lightweight processing is performed on the three-dimensional engineering model according to the resolution of the display or projection device, the DPI parameter, and the actual size of the model, by using the screen pixel point area threshold as a comparison, redundant information is filtered, and the simplified model is generated on the premise of maintaining the appearance and the display effect of the original model.
4. The three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display method of claim 2, wherein the label dynamic positioning and real-time display method comprises the following steps:
step 1, reading a three-dimensional model from a three-dimensional engineering model database, loading the three-dimensional model, executing step 6 if label information is loaded through a Json file, and executing step 2 if the label information is not loaded;
step 2, obtaining three-dimensional engineering model centroid coordinate information and generating a Json file which comprises the three-dimensional model centroid coordinate information, corresponding model structure information and other auxiliary information;
step 3, creating a cube as a three-dimensional entity for mounting the two-dimensional label, assigning the centroid coordinate information of the three-dimensional model to the three-dimensional entity by calling a Json file, and acquiring the information of the two-dimensional label;
step 4, changing the position information of the label in the three-dimensional model through mouse interaction;
step 5, displaying the three-dimensional engineering model and the label, and executing step 7;
step 6, reading Json file generation, if the model is not loaded for the first time, selecting a Json file corresponding to the model, modifying label information in the Json file, then directly drawing and displaying, and if the position of a label needs to be modified, turning to step 4;
and 7, storing the data related to the label into a Json file for direct drawing or outputting to a three-dimensional display system with other format standards when calling next time.
5. A light-weight display system of a three-dimensional engineering model is characterized by comprising,
the light-weight module is used for carrying out light-weight processing on the digitalized three-dimensional engineering model;
the label is positioned on the display module and used for mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label.
6. The three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display device is characterized by comprising a memory; and
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, the processor to:
carrying out lightweight processing on the digitalized three-dimensional engineering model;
and mounting the two-dimensional label on the three-dimensional engineering model to realize dynamic positioning and real-time display of the two-dimensional label.
7. The three-dimensional engineering model lightweight display apparatus of claim 6, wherein the operations performed by the processor further comprise,
and determining the coordinate position of the three-dimensional entity for mounting the two-dimensional label by positioning the centroid coordinate of the three-dimensional engineering model.
8. A storage medium on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, carries out the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| WO2024103756A1 (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-23 | 航天科工仿真技术有限责任公司 | Three-dimensional model display method and apparatus, and electronic device and storage medium |
| CN116187144A (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-05-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 | Digital prototype and construction method thereof |
| CN116385668A (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-07-04 | 北京数码大方科技股份有限公司 | CAD model light weight method, device and computer equipment |
| CN116385668B (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-10-17 | 北京数码大方科技股份有限公司 | CAD model light weight method, device and computer equipment |
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