CN110501707A - Electromagnetic vortex imaging method based on orbital angular momentum bimodal multiplexing - Google Patents
Electromagnetic vortex imaging method based on orbital angular momentum bimodal multiplexing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The electromagnetic vortex imaging method based on orbital angular momentum bimodal multiplexing comprises the steps of firstly constructing a uniform circular array, changing the frequency of an excitation signal emitted by the uniform circular array and the number of orbital angular momentum modes, and sequentially generating vortex electromagnetic waves which have different frequencies and carry different orbital angular momentum modal multiplexing to irradiate a target by the uniform circular array; sequentially receiving vortex electromagnetic wave target echo data multiplexed in different frequencies and different modes by adopting a single receiving array element antenna, and performing phase compensation processing on the vortex electromagnetic wave target echo data; and processing each target echo data after the phase compensation processing by adopting a Hilbert transform method, demodulating target information carried by a single orbital angular momentum mode, reconstructing frequency-single-mode two-dimensional echo data, and performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the frequency-single-mode two-dimensional echo data to obtain a target two-dimensional image. Compared with vortex electromagnetic wave imaging which does not utilize modal multiplexing and carries single modal orbital angular momentum in a traversing manner, the method reduces orbital angular momentum traversal by half, and improves electromagnetic vortex imaging efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electromagnetism vortex technical field of imaging more particularly to it is a kind of based on orbital angular momentum bimodal multiplexing
Electromagnetism vortex imaging method.
Background technique
As a kind of round-the-clock, round-the-clock, remote information acquiring pattern, radar high-resolution imaging is in extraterrestrial target
There is very important application in the fields such as monitoring, remote sensing mapping, oceanographic observation.Existing high-resolution imaging radar mainly passes through
Emit broadband signal and obtain distance to high-resolution, is obtained by the big virtual synthesizing bore diameter that is relatively moved to form of radar and target
Obtain orientation high-resolution.But in practical applications, often continual for a long time to the progress of a certain key area observation need to be stared,
Radar and target are in opposing stationary observation geometrical condition.In this case, traditional radar high-resolution imaging system can not
Meet synthetic aperture requirement, imaging resolution is difficult to ensure.
In recent years, orbital angular momentum has a wide range of applications in fields such as optical communication, quantum imaging, microwave imagings.It passes
The plane wave of system only distance upwards have otherness, perpendicular in the orientation of the direction of propagation include identical phase information,
Orientation resolution capability can not be provided in the case where staring observation geometrical condition.
Different from conventional planar wave, the electromagnetic wave for carrying orbital angular momentum has spiral phase front, referred to as whirlpool
Electromagnetic wave is revolved, has phase difference anisotropic simultaneously to orientation in distance.When vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation target, target range to
Difference letter of the distance to needed for differentiating with orientation can be can provide by phase difference information scale, echo information with orientation
Breath.Using this phase front otherness, by being handled the high-resolution, it can be achieved that radar target to vortex electromagnetic wave echo
Rate imaging.Electromagnetism, which is vortexed to be imaged, realizes that target range is differentiated to orientation two dimension using vortex electromagnetic wave, independent of radar
It with the relative motion of target, is expected to be formed with imaging modes such as synthetic aperture/inverse synthetic aperture complementary, a kind of new imaging is provided
Mode.
The orientation resolution capability of electromagnetism vortex imaging is related with the orbital angular momentum modality range of use, the mode of use
Number is more, and azimuth resolution is higher.To obtain orientation high-resolution, electromagnetism vortex imaging needs the vortex using multiple modalities
Electromagnetic wave irradiation target.Currently, electromagnetism, which is vortexed to be imaged, mainly utilizes the vortex electromagnetic wave for carrying single orbital angular momentum successively
Target is irradiated, different modalities is needed to be traversed for, limits electromagnetism vortex imaging efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind is multiplexed based on orbital angular momentum bimodal
Electromagnetism vortex imaging method.The vortex electromagnetic wave of orbital angular momentum mode multiplexing carries multiple orbital angular momentum mode, when
It is equivalent by demodulating single modal information to target echo processing when the vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation target being multiplexed using mode
It is repeatedly traversed in the vortex electromagnetic wave for carrying single orbital angular momentum, is expected to reduce the vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation time, improves electricity
Vortex imaging efficiency.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
Electromagnetism vortex imaging method based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, comprising the following steps:
S1. uniform circular array is constructed, for generating the vortex electromagnetic wave for carrying positive and negative bimodal multiplexing；
S2. the exciting signal frequency f and orbital angular momentum mode number l, uniform circular array for changing uniform circular array transmitting are successively produced
Raw different frequency, the vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation target for carrying different orbital angular momentum mode multiplexings；Array element day is received using single
Line successively receives the vortex electromagnetic wave target echo data of different frequency, different modalities multiplexing；
S3. to the single each target echo data progress phase compensation processing for receiving array-element antenna and receiving；
S4. using Hilbert transform method, to phase compensation, treated that each target echo data are handled, solution
The target information that single orbital angular momentum mode carries is recalled, frequency-single mode two dimension echo data is rebuild.
S5. two-dimensional Fourier transform is carried out to frequency-single mode two dimension echo data, obtains target two dimensional image.
In S1 of the invention, N number of identical transmitting antenna array element is equally spaced arranged in the circumference that a radius is a
On, form uniform circular array.One of transmitting antenna array element is selected at random as initial transmissions array element, its side of initial transmissions array element
Parallactic angle is set as zero degree.Since the initial transmissions array element circumferentially counterclockwise, successively by each transmitting day on uniform circular array
Linear array member number consecutively is 1,2,3 ..., N, then the azimuth of n-th of transmitting antenna array element is φn=2 π (n-1)/N.
It, need to be according to the array parameter and mode of uniform circular array in order to generate the vortex electromagnetic wave for carrying positive and negative bimodal multiplexing
The orbital angular momentum mode number of multiplexing designs the pumping signal amplitude and phase of each transmitting antenna array element, the method is as follows:
If carrying the track angle of its bimodal of vortex electromagnetic wave multiplexing of positive and negative bimodal multiplexing caused by uniform circular array
When momentum mode number is ± l, then its n-th of transmitting antenna array element pumping signal of uniform circular array should be cos (l φn), i.e., n-th
The pumping signal amplitude of transmitting antenna array element is | cos (l φn) |, the pumping signal phase of n-th of transmitting antenna array element is ∠
cos(lφn), wherein | | absolute value value is represented, ∠ indicates angular configurations, φnFor the orientation of n-th of transmitting antenna array element
Angle.When transmitting antenna array elements all in uniform circular array apply pumping signal, exciting signal frequency f according to above-mentioned requirements simultaneously
When, in space any pointElectric field intensity valueIt can be expressed as
Wherein i is imaginary unit, and l is the orbital angular momentum mode number of multiplexing, and N is the transmitting antenna array element on uniform circular array
Number, r indicate pointPosition vector, r, θ,Respectively pointDistance, pitch angle under polar coordinates
And azimuth, rnIndicate the position vector of n-th of transmitting antenna array element.K=2 π f/c indicates that (c is true to transmitting simple signal wave number
The spread speed of aerial light), Jl(kasin θ) is the Bessel function of the first kind of l rank.
In S2 of the present invention, change the exciting signal frequency f and orbital angular momentum mode number l of uniform circular array transmitting, if uniformly
The exciting signal frequency that circle battle array successively emits is f=f1,f2,…,fP, orbital angular momentum mode number be l=± l1,±l2,…,±
lQVortex electromagnetic wave, P, Q are respectively exciting signal frequency and orbital angular momentum emitting times.It is single to receive array-element antenna successively
Reception frequency is fp, orbital angular momentum mode number be ± lqTarget echo data be denoted as spq, wherein p=1,2,3 ... P；Q=1,
2,3…Q.Then the target data under exciting signal frequency, different orbital angular momentum mode numbers will constitute one and form P × Q dimension
Frequency-multiplexing mode echo data group, is denoted as sPQ, wherein frequency-each of multiplexing mode echo data group is classified as same track
The vortex electromagnetic wave target echo signal of angular momentum mode number, different excitation signal frequency, each same pumping signal frequency of behavior
The vortex electromagnetic wave target echo signal of rate, different orbital angular momentum mode numbers.
In S2 of the present invention, if target includes M scattering point, the backscattering coefficient of m-th of scattering point is σm, m-th scattered
The polar coordinates of exit point areThe single array-element antenna that receives is used to receive exciting signal frequency as f, orbital angular momentum mould
State number is the vortex electromagnetic wave target echo of ± l, and target echo can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, f=f1,f2,…,fP, l=± l1,±l2,…,±lQ。
In S3 of the present invention, to the single each target echo data progress phase compensation processing for receiving array-element antenna and receiving
Method it is as follows:
To the single each target echo data s for receiving array-element antenna and receivingpq, first have to according to its corresponding track angle
Momentum mode number lq, multiplied byTo compensate common phase；
Secondly according to orbital angular momentum mode number lq, transmitting signal wave number kp, pitching angle theta meter locating for array radius a and target
It calculatesNumerical value, according to formula (3), to target echo data spqMultiplied by phase term Ψpq。
Therefore, to the single target echo data s for receiving array-element antenna and receivingpqAfter carrying out phase compensation processing processing,
Obtained target echo data SpqExpression formula it is as follows:
Similarly, to the single each target echo data s for receiving array-element antenna and receivingpqAfter carrying out phase compensation processing
Obtained target echo data SpqThe data matrix that may make up new P × Q dimension, is denoted as SPQ。
The implementation method of S4 of the present invention is as follows:
S4.1 demodulates the target echo Sr for carrying positive-norm state informationpq；
It is f to reception frequency is obtained after phase compensation processingp, orbital angular momentum mode number be ± lqTarget echo data
SpqHilbert transform is done, can demodulate frequency is fp, orbital angular momentum mode number be lqTarget echo data, such as formula
(5) shown in, wherein H [] is Hilbert transform symbol.
S4.2 demodulates the target echo Sr for carrying negative modal informationp′q；
It first has to phase compensation treated target echo data SpqReal part data and imaginary data wished respectively
Your Bert conversion process, and by the Hilbert transform result of real part data subtract imaginary data Hilbert transform as a result,
Obtain S 'pq, as shown in formula (6):
Wherein Re (Spq) it is phase compensation treated target echo data SpqReal part, Im (Spq) it is at phase compensation
Target echo data S after reasonpqImaginary part.
Then, by S 'pqConjugation is taken, can demodulate frequency is fp, orbital angular momentum mode number be-lqTarget echo number
According to as shown in formula (7).
S4.3 is by the target echo Sr for carrying positive-norm state information of demodulationpqWith the target echo for carrying negative modal information
Sr′pqFrequency-single mode echo data of the new P × 2Q dimension of composition one, wherein orbital angular momentum mode number range is l=-
lQ,-lQ-1,…-l1,l1,…,lQ。
The vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation target that the present invention passes through the uniform circular array launching trajectory angular momentum bimodal multiplexing of design
When, it merely through Q transmitting and receives, the target echo under 2Q mode can be reconstructed, orbital angular momentum traversal is reduced one
Half, improve electromagnetism vortex imaging efficiency.
In S5 of the present invention, two-dimentional Fu is carried out to frequency-single mode echo data of the new P × 2Q dimension finally obtained in S4
In leaf transformation, target two dimensional image can be obtained.
Electromagnetism vortex imaging system based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, comprising:
Uniform circular array, the vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation for generating different frequency, carrying different orbital angular momentum mode multiplexings
Target.The design of uniform circular array is described in detail in front, details are not described herein.
It is single to receive array-element antenna, for receiving the vortex electromagnetic wave target echo number of different frequency, different modalities multiplexing
According to.
Phase compensation block, for the single each target echo data progress phase benefit for receiving array-element antenna and receiving
Repay processing；
Target information demodulates reconstructed module, and to phase compensation, treated that each target echo data carry out Hilbert change
It changes, demodulates the target information that single orbital angular momentum mode carries, rebuild frequency-single mode two dimension echo data；
Target two dimensional image obtains module, carries out two-dimensional Fourier transform to frequency-single mode two dimension echo data, obtains
Target two dimensional image.
Advantageous effects of the invention:
The present invention carries out target two-dimensional imaging using the vortex electromagnetic wave that orbital angular momentum mode is multiplexed.Carry track angular motion
The vortex electromagnetic wave of amount, Wave-front phase are no longer planes, have unique phase front structure, can carry more abundant
Target bearing distributed intelligence.It is imaged using vortex electromagnetic wave, the relative motion between target and radar can not depended on, realized
The two-dimensional imaging for realizing target is stared under observation condition.Single mode is carried compared to not utilizing mode multiplexing, passing through traversal
The vortex electromagnetic wave imaging of orbital angular momentum, the electromagnetism vortex imaging method based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal is by track angle
Momentum traversal reduces half, improves electromagnetism vortex imaging efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the electromagnetism vortex Irnaging procedures schematic diagram of the present invention based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal；
Fig. 2 is the electromagnetism vortex imaging schematic diagram based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the point spread function two-dimensional result of the method for the invention and single mode traversal imaging method；Wherein Fig. 3
(a) be the electromagnetism vortex imaging method obtained point spread function proposed by the present invention based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal at
As a result, Fig. 3 (b) is not utilize mode multiplexing, the point that only the vortex electromagnetic wave of the single mode of traversal carrying is imaged
Spread function imaging results
Fig. 4 is the azimuth dimension point spread function comparison diagram of the method for the invention and single mode traversal imaging method；
Fig. 5 is the numerical simulation imaging results of the method for the invention, and wherein Fig. 5 (a) is an Aircraft Targets scattering point
Model.Fig. 5 (b) is the numerical simulation imaging results to target shown in Fig. 5 (a) using the method for the invention.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of implementation of the invention, it is further described below with reference to specific example.
Referring to Fig.1, the present embodiment provides a kind of electromagnetism vortex imaging method based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, packets
Include following steps:
S1. uniform circular array is constructed, for generating the vortex electromagnetic wave for carrying positive and negative bimodal multiplexing.
Referring to Fig. 2, N number of identical transmitting antenna array element is equally spaced arranged on the circumference that a radius is a, is formed
Uniform circular array.One of transmitting antenna array element is selected at random as initial transmissions array element, its azimuth of initial transmissions array element is set
For zero degree.Since the initial transmissions array element circumferentially counterclockwise, successively by each transmitting antenna array element on uniform circular array
Number consecutively is 1,2,3 ..., N, then the azimuth of n-th of transmitting antenna array element is φn=2 π (n-1)/N.
It, need to be according to the array parameter and mode of uniform circular array in order to generate the vortex electromagnetic wave for carrying positive and negative bimodal multiplexing
The orbital angular momentum mode number of multiplexing designs the pumping signal amplitude and phase of each transmitting antenna array element.
If carrying the track angle of its bimodal of vortex electromagnetic wave multiplexing of positive and negative bimodal multiplexing caused by uniform circular array
When momentum mode number is ± l, then its n-th of transmitting antenna array element pumping signal of uniform circular array should be cos (l φn), i.e., n-th
The pumping signal amplitude of transmitting antenna array element is | cos (l φn) |, the pumping signal phase of n-th of transmitting antenna array element is ∠
cos(lφn), wherein | | absolute value value is represented, ∠ indicates angular configurations, φnFor the orientation of n-th of transmitting antenna array element
Angle.When transmitting antenna array elements all in uniform circular array apply pumping signal, exciting signal frequency f according to above-mentioned requirements simultaneously
When, in space any pointElectric field intensity valueIt can be expressed as
Wherein i is imaginary unit, and l is the orbital angular momentum mode number of multiplexing, and N is the transmitting antenna array element on uniform circular array
Number, r indicate pointPosition vector, r, θ,Respectively pointDistance, pitch angle under polar coordinates and
Azimuth, rnIndicate the position vector of n-th of transmitting antenna array element.K=2 π f/c indicates that (c is vacuum to transmitting simple signal wave number
The spread speed of middle light), Jl(kasin θ) is the Bessel function of the first kind of l rank.
S2. the exciting signal frequency f and orbital angular momentum mode number l, uniform circular array for changing uniform circular array transmitting are successively produced
Raw different frequency, the vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation target for carrying different orbital angular momentum mode multiplexings；Array element day is received using single
Line successively receives the vortex electromagnetic wave target echo data of different frequency, different modalities multiplexing.
The exciting signal frequency f and orbital angular momentum mode number l for changing uniform circular array transmitting, if uniform circular array successively emits
Exciting signal frequency be f=f1,f2,…,fP, orbital angular momentum mode number be l=± l1,±l2,…,±lQVortex electromagnetism
Wave, P, Q are respectively exciting signal frequency and orbital angular momentum emitting times.Single reception array-element antenna successively receives frequency and is
fp, orbital angular momentum mode number be ± lqTarget echo data be denoted as spq, wherein p=1,2,3 ... P；Q=1,2,3 ... Q.Then
Target data under exciting signal frequency, different orbital angular momentum mode numbers will constitute the frequency-multiplexing for forming P × Q dimension
Mode echo data group, is denoted as sPQ, wherein frequency-each of multiplexing mode echo data group is classified as same orbital angular momentum mode
The vortex electromagnetic wave target echo signal of number, different excitation signal frequency, the same exciting signal frequency of each behavior, different tracks
The vortex electromagnetic wave target echo signal of angular momentum mode number.
If target includes M scattering point, the backscattering coefficient of m-th of scattering point is σm, the polar coordinates of m-th of scattering point
ForUsing single reception array-element antenna to receive exciting signal frequency as f, orbital angular momentum mode number is ± l's
Vortex electromagnetic wave target echo data, target echo data can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, f=f1,f2,…,fP, l=± l1,±l2,…,±lQ。
S3. to the single each target echo data progress phase compensation processing for receiving array-element antenna and receiving.
It is single to receive in the received vortex electromagnetic wave target echo data of array-element antenna, amplitude envelops Jl(kasinθm) symbol
Number change with orbital angular momentum mode number l, symbol will destroy the relationship between orientation and orbital angular momentum, influence orientation
It differentiates, therefore phase compensation is carried out to vortex electromagnetic wave target echo signal.
To the single each target echo data s for receiving array-element antenna and receivingpq, first have to according to its corresponding track angle
Momentum mode number lq, multiplied byTo compensate common phase；Secondly according to orbital angular momentum mode number lq, transmitting signal wave number
kp, pitching angle theta locating for array radius a and target calculatesNumerical value, according to formula (3), to target echo number
According to spqMultiplied by phase term Ψpq。
Therefore, to the single target echo data s for receiving array-element antenna and receivingpqAfter carrying out phase compensation processing processing,
Obtained target echo data SpqExpression formula it is as follows:
Similarly, to the single each target echo data s for receiving array-element antenna and receivingpqAfter carrying out phase compensation processing
Obtained target echo data SpqThe data matrix that may make up new P × Q dimension, is denoted as SPQ。
S4. using Hilbert transform method, to phase compensation, treated that each target echo data are handled, solution
The target information that single orbital angular momentum mode carries is recalled, frequency-single mode two dimension echo data is rebuild.
The target echo data S obtained after phase compensation processingpqThe echo information of positive and negative two mode is carried simultaneously, it is right
The target echo data S obtained after phase compensation processingpqHilbert transform processing is done, can demodulate and carry single positive-norm state
The target echo of (l >=0) information.When frequency emitting times, orbital angular momentum emitting times are respectively P, Q, the holotype that can be demodulated
State echo data amounts to P × Q.
S4.1 demodulates the target echo Sr for carrying positive-norm state informationpq；
It is f to reception frequency is obtained after phase compensation processingp, orbital angular momentum mode number be ± lqTarget echo data
SpqHilbert transform is done, can demodulate frequency is fp, orbital angular momentum mode number be lqTarget echo data, such as formula
(5) shown in, wherein H [] is Hilbert transform symbol.
To demodulate the target echo for carrying single negative norm state (l < 0) information, Hilbert transform need to be become
Shape.
S4.2 demodulates the target echo Sr ' for carrying negative modal informationpq；
It first has to phase compensation treated target echo data SpqReal part data and imaginary data wished respectively
Your Bert conversion process, and by the Hilbert transform result of real part data subtract imaginary data Hilbert transform as a result,
Obtain S 'pq, as shown in formula (6):
Wherein Re (Spq) it is phase compensation treated target echo data SpqReal part, Im (Spq) it is at phase compensation
Target echo data S after reasonpqImaginary part.
Then, by S 'pqConjugation is taken, can demodulate frequency is fp, orbital angular momentum mode number be-lqTarget echo number
According to as shown in formula (7).
Similarly, when frequency emitting times, orbital angular momentum emitting times are respectively P, Q, the negative norm state echo that can be demodulated
Data are P × Q.
S4.3 is by the target echo Sr for carrying positive-norm state information of demodulationpqWith the target echo for carrying negative modal information
Sr′pqFrequency-single mode echo data of the new P × 2Q dimension of composition one, wherein orbital angular momentum mode number range is l=-
lQ,-lQ-1,…-l1,l1,…,lQ。
The vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation target that the present invention passes through the uniform circular array launching trajectory angular momentum bimodal multiplexing of design
When, it merely through Q transmitting and receives, the target echo under 2Q mode can be reconstructed, orbital angular momentum traversal is reduced one
Half, improve electromagnetism vortex imaging efficiency.
S5. two-dimentional Fourier is carried out to frequency-single mode echo data of the new P × 2Q dimension finally obtained in S4 to become
It changes, target two dimensional image can be obtained.
Fig. 3 is the present invention and does not utilize mode multiplexing, only traverses the point spread function for carrying single orbital angular momentum mode
Simulation comparison.
Uniform circular array is utilized to emit vortex electromagnetic wave using the method for the present invention, transmitting antenna array element number is 80, uniformly
The radius of a circle of circle battle array is 0.6m, and ideal point target distance is 1000m, and azimuth is 0.5 π.Emission signal frequency is 9.9GHz-
10.1GHz is divided into 1MHz between frequency sampling.Using method proposed by the present invention, uniform circular array emits the vortex of bimodal multiplexing
When electromagnetic wave irradiation target, orbital angular momentum mode number l be [0, ± 15], concurrent irradiation 16 times.
When using not utilizing, mode multiplexing, only traversal carries the vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation target of single orbital angular momentum mode
When, orbital angular momentum mode number l be [- 15,15], concurrent irradiation 31 times.
Wherein Fig. 3 (a) is that the electromagnetism vortex imaging method proposed by the present invention based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal obtains
The point spread function imaging results arrived, Fig. 3 (b) are not utilize mode multiplexing, only traverse the vortex electromagnetic wave for carrying single mode
The point spread function imaging results being imaged.Fig. 4 is the method for the invention and single mode traversal imaging azimuth dimension
Point spread function comparison.As can be seen that compared to using carrying from point spread function two-dimensional imaging result and azimuth dimension distribution
The vortex electromagnetic wave of single mode carries out electromagnetism vortex imaging, and method proposed by the invention can demodulate twice of track angle
Momentum information, it can under the premise of obtaining the resolution of same azimuth dimension, reduce the mode traversal time of half.
Fig. 5 is the numerical simulation imaging results to multi-scatter target of the method for the invention.Fig. 5 (a) is one and flies
Machine target scattering point model.Array element number is 200, and array element radius is 1.8m, and object module is at 1005m-1025m, azimuth
It is distributed between 0-0.25 π.Frequency is 9.9GHz-10.1GHz, and 1MHz is divided between frequency sampling, and snr of received signal is
The bimodal multiplexing vortex electromagnetic wave modality range of 10dB, transmitting are [0, ± 50], amount to 51 irradiations.Fig. 5 (b) is this hair
The numerical simulation imaging results to the target of bright the method, as can be seen from the figure imaging method proposed by the present invention is same
Suitable for the multi-scatter target two-dimensional imaging under single array element condition of acceptance.
The several embodiments of the application above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the concept of this application, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the application
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims for the application patent.
Claims (10)
1. the electromagnetism vortex imaging method based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, which comprises the following steps:
S1. uniform circular array is constructed, for generating the vortex electromagnetic wave for carrying positive and negative bimodal multiplexing；
S2. the exciting signal frequency f and orbital angular momentum mode number l, uniform circular array for changing uniform circular array transmitting are sequentially generated not
Same frequency, the vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation target for carrying different orbital angular momentum mode multiplexings；Using it is single receive array-element antenna according to
The secondary vortex electromagnetic wave target echo data for receiving different frequency, different modalities multiplexing；
S3. to the single each target echo data progress phase compensation processing for receiving array-element antenna and receiving；
S4. using Hilbert transform method, to phase compensation, treated that each target echo data are handled, and demodulates
The target information that single orbital angular momentum mode carries, rebuilds frequency-single mode two dimension echo data；
S5. two-dimensional Fourier transform is carried out to frequency-single mode two dimension echo data, obtains target two dimensional image.
2. the electromagnetism vortex imaging method according to claim 1 based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, feature exist
In, in S1, by N number of identical transmitting antenna array element be equally spaced arranged in a radius be a circumference on, formed it is nicely rounded
Battle array；One of transmitting antenna array element is selected at random as initial transmissions array element, its azimuth of initial transmissions array element is set as zero degree；
Since the initial transmissions array element circumferentially counterclockwise, successively by each transmitting antenna array element number consecutively on uniform circular array
It is 1,2,3 ..., N, then the azimuth of n-th of transmitting antenna array element is φn=2 π (n-1)/N.
3. the electromagnetism vortex imaging method according to claim 2 based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, feature exist
In in S1, if carrying the track angle of its bimodal of vortex electromagnetic wave multiplexing of positive and negative bimodal multiplexing caused by uniform circular array
When momentum mode number is ± l, then its n-th of transmitting antenna array element pumping signal of uniform circular array should be cos (l φn), i.e., n-th
The pumping signal amplitude of transmitting antenna array element is | cos (l φn) |, the pumping signal phase of n-th of transmitting antenna array element is ∠
cos(lφn), wherein | | absolute value value is represented, ∠ indicates angular configurations, φnFor the orientation of n-th of transmitting antenna array element
Angle；When transmitting antenna array elements all in uniform circular array apply pumping signal, exciting signal frequency f according to above-mentioned requirements simultaneously
When, in space any pointElectric field intensity valueIt indicates are as follows:
Wherein i is imaginary unit, and l is the orbital angular momentum mode number of multiplexing, and N is the transmitting antenna array element number on uniform circular array, r
Indicate pointPosition vector, r, θ,Respectively pointDistance, pitch angle and orientation under polar coordinates
Angle, rnIndicate the position vector of n-th of transmitting antenna array element；K=2 π f/c indicates transmitting simple signal wave number, and c is light in vacuum
Spread speed, Jl(kasin θ) is the Bessel function of the first kind of l rank.
4. being vortexed according to claim 1 to the electromagnetism based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal described in any claim in 3
Imaging method, it is characterised in that: in S2, change the exciting signal frequency f and orbital angular momentum mode number l of uniform circular array transmitting,
If the exciting signal frequency that uniform circular array successively emits is f=f1,f2,…,fP, orbital angular momentum mode number be l=± l1,±
l2,…,±lQVortex electromagnetic wave, P, Q are respectively exciting signal frequency and orbital angular momentum emitting times；It is single to receive array element
It is f that antenna, which successively receives frequency,p, orbital angular momentum mode number be ± lqTarget echo data be denoted as spq, wherein p=1,2,
3…P；Q=1,2,3 ... Q；Then the target data under exciting signal frequency, different orbital angular momentum mode numbers will constitute a shape
At frequency-multiplexing mode echo data group that P × Q is tieed up, it is denoted as sPQ。
5. the electromagnetism vortex imaging method according to claim 4 based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, feature exist
In: in S2, if target includes M scattering point, the backscattering coefficient of m-th of scattering point is σm, the polar coordinates of m-th of scattering point
ForUsing single reception array-element antenna to receive exciting signal frequency as f, orbital angular momentum mode number is ± l's
Vortex electromagnetic wave target echo, target echo can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, f=f1,f2,…,fP, l=± l1,±l2,…,±lQ。
6. the electromagnetism vortex imaging method according to claim 5 based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, feature exist
In: the implementation method of S3 is as follows:
To the single each target echo data s for receiving array-element antenna and receivingpq, first have to according to its corresponding orbital angular momentum
Mode number lq, multiplied byTo compensate common phase；
Secondly according to orbital angular momentum mode number lq, transmitting signal wave number kp, pitching angle theta locating for array radius a and target calculatesNumerical value, according to formula (3), to target echo data spqMultiplied by phase term Ψpq；
To the single target echo data s for receiving array-element antenna and receivingpqAfter carrying out phase compensation processing processing, obtained mesh
Mark echo data SpqExpression formula it is as follows:
To the single each target echo data s for receiving array-element antenna and receivingpqCarry out the target obtained after phase compensation processing
Echo data SpqThe data matrix that may make up new P × Q dimension, is denoted as SPQ。
7. the electromagnetism vortex imaging method according to claim 6 based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, feature exist
In: the implementation method of S4 is as follows:
S4.1 demodulates the target echo Sr for carrying positive-norm state informationpq；
It is f to reception frequency is obtained after phase compensation processingp, orbital angular momentum mode number be ± lqTarget echo data SpqIt does
Hilbert transform, demodulating frequency is fp, orbital angular momentum mode number be lqTarget echo data, as shown in formula (5),
Wherein H [] is Hilbert transform symbol；
S4.2 demodulates the target echo Sr ' for carrying negative modal informationpq；
It first has to phase compensation treated target echo data SpqReal part data and imaginary data carry out Martin Hilb respectively
Special conversion process, and the Hilbert transform result of real part data is subtracted into the Hilbert transform of imaginary data as a result, obtaining
S′pq, as shown in formula (6):
Wherein Re (Spq) it is phase compensation treated target echo data SpqReal part, Im (Spq) it is after phase compensation is handled
Target echo data SpqImaginary part；
Then, by S 'pqConjugation is taken, can demodulate frequency is fp, orbital angular momentum mode number be-lqTarget echo data, it is such as public
Shown in formula (7)；
S4.3 is by the target echo Sr for carrying positive-norm state information of demodulationpqWith the target echo Sr ' for carrying negative modal informationpq
Frequency-single mode echo data of the new P × 2Q dimension of composition one, wherein orbital angular momentum mode number range is l=-lQ,-
lQ-1,…-l1,l1,…,lQ。
8. the electromagnetism vortex imaging method according to claim 7 based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, feature exist
In: in S5, two-dimensional Fourier transform is carried out to frequency-single mode echo data of the new P × 2Q dimension finally obtained in S4, i.e.,
Target two dimensional image can be obtained.
9. the electromagnetism vortex imaging system based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal characterized by comprising
Uniform circular array, the vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation target for generating different frequency, carrying different orbital angular momentum mode multiplexings；
It is single to receive array-element antenna, for receiving the vortex electromagnetic wave target echo data of different frequency, different modalities multiplexing；
Phase compensation block, for being received at each target echo data progress phase compensation that array-element antenna receives to single
Reason；
Target information demodulates reconstructed module, and to phase compensation, treated that each target echo data carry out Hilbert transform,
The target information that single orbital angular momentum mode carries is demodulated, frequency-single mode two dimension echo data is rebuild；
Target two dimensional image obtains module, carries out two-dimensional Fourier transform to frequency-single mode two dimension echo data, obtains target
Two dimensional image.
10. the electromagnetism vortex imaging system according to claim 9 based on the multiplexing of orbital angular momentum bimodal, feature exist
In, by N number of identical transmitting antenna array element be equally spaced arranged in a radius be a circumference on, formed uniform circular array；At random
One of transmitting antenna array element is selected as initial transmissions array element, its azimuth of initial transmissions array element is set as zero degree；From initial
Transmitting array element starts circumferentially counterclockwise, is successively 1,2 by each transmitting antenna array element number consecutively on uniform circular array,
3 ..., N, then the azimuth of n-th of transmitting antenna array element is φn=2 π (n-1)/N；
If carrying the orbital angular momentum of its bimodal of vortex electromagnetic wave multiplexing of positive and negative bimodal multiplexing caused by uniform circular array
When mode number is ± l, then its n-th of transmitting antenna array element pumping signal of uniform circular array should be cos (l φn), i.e., n-th transmitting
The pumping signal amplitude of bay is | cos (l φn) |, the pumping signal phase of n-th of transmitting antenna array element is ∠ cos (l
φn), wherein | | absolute value value is represented, ∠ indicates angular configurations, φnFor the azimuth of n-th of transmitting antenna array element；When
All transmitting antenna array elements apply pumping signal according to above-mentioned requirements simultaneously in uniform circular array, when exciting signal frequency is f, space
Middle any pointElectric field intensity valueIt indicates are as follows:
Wherein i is imaginary unit, and l is the orbital angular momentum mode number of multiplexing, and N is the transmitting antenna array element number on uniform circular array, r
Indicate pointPosition vector, r, θ,Respectively pointDistance, pitch angle and side under polar coordinates
Parallactic angle, rnIndicate that the position vector of n-th of transmitting antenna array element, k=2 π f/c indicate transmitting simple signal wave number, c is in vacuum
The spread speed of light, Jl(kasin θ) is the Bessel function of the first kind of l rank.
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