CN110500925B - Deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through molten cavity and molten cavity detection device - Google Patents
Deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through molten cavity and molten cavity detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110500925B CN110500925B CN201910823523.9A CN201910823523A CN110500925B CN 110500925 B CN110500925 B CN 110500925B CN 201910823523 A CN201910823523 A CN 201910823523A CN 110500925 B CN110500925 B CN 110500925B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deep hole blasting charge method and a cavity detection device for penetrating through a cavity, wherein a deep hole comprises an upper section blast hole and a lower section blast hole, a middle cavity is arranged between the upper section blast hole and the lower section blast hole, and the position and the depth of the middle cavity are obtained through depth measurement; in the blast hole at the upper section, an orifice blocking section, an upper section explosive and a cavity upper section blocking section are sequentially arranged from the orifice to the bottom of the hole; filling a lower section of explosive into a lower section of blast hole, wherein the upper section is a lower section of plugging section of the dissolution cavity to plug the orifice of the lower section of blast hole; the detonating cord is communicated between the upper section explosive and the lower section explosive. According to the invention, the plugging structure close to the middle cavity part is used for retarding the expansion of the detonation gas, and the detonation gas is extruded into the cavity to fill the cavity after the upper explosive and the lower explosive are detonated, so that the leakage of the explosive energy is effectively avoided, the rock crushing effect is improved, and the plugging structure has remarkable advantages in convenience and rapidness in construction, environmental protection, high efficiency and economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting, and particularly relates to a deep hole blasting charge method and a cavity detection device for cavity crossing, which are applied to rock blasting construction in a karst region.
Background
Karst refers to the special topography of soluble rocks, especially carbonic rocks such as limestone and gypsum, which are corroded by flowing water containing carbon dioxide, and often takes the peculiar shape of caves, stone ditches, stone forest karst caves, underground rivers and the like. In the blasting operation process of karst development, the situation that blast holes penetrate through a karst cave is often encountered, the continuity and the uniformity of charging of the blast holes at the lower section of the karst cave are difficult to ensure by the conventional charging method, so that a large amount of roots are generated after blasting, and the explosive energy is difficult to be fully utilized; meanwhile, the existence of the karst cave can cause the leakage of explosion energy, influence the rock breaking effect, cause uneven damage, increase the massive rate and influence the construction progress. In addition, the conventional charging method is easy to increase the charging amount at the karst cave, induces a cannon-shot to generate abnormal throwing and flying stones, and has great potential safety hazard.
At present, the method for charging the blast hole penetrating through the karst cave mainly comprises the following steps: for blast holes with smaller length between the upper wall and the lower wall of the karst cave, namely the length is not more than 1.0m, a continuous charging structure is adopted, namely, after the blast holes at the lower part of the karst cave are filled with explosive packages, PVC pipes are used for charging and transition, and the explosive is continuously charged in the PVC pipes; for blast holes with the length between the upper wall and the lower wall of the karst cave being more than 1.0m, the separated charging is adopted, namely after the blast bags are filled in the holes at the lower part of the karst cave, in order to prevent a large amount of energy leakage into a larger cavity of the karst cave and waste caused by explosive explosion, rock powder is filled in the PVC pipe or the blast holes are directly isolated by the PVC pipes with two sealed ends, and the explosive is filled after the blast holes pass through the karst cave. The mode can improve the blasting effect to a certain extent, but the charging process is complex, and the charging in the PVC pipe is very difficult; meanwhile, in order to avoid the condition that the explosion is refused due to the existence of gaps among the explosives, a plurality of initiating explosive packages need to be arranged, and the existence of the karst cave can cause the volume of the explosive gas to rapidly expand, so that the pressure of the explosive gas is obviously reduced; obviously, the use of PVC pipes in the prior art does not effectively solve the problems involved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a deep hole blasting explosive charging method passing through a cavity and a cavity detection device, so that the leakage of explosive energy from a cavity can be effectively avoided, the rock crushing effect is improved, and the reliability of explosive package initiation in a blast hole is ensured.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the molten cavity is characterized in that:
the deep hole comprises an upper section blast hole and a lower section blast hole, a middle solution cavity is arranged between the upper section blast hole and the lower section blast hole, and the position and the depth of the middle solution cavity are obtained through depth measurement; the charging method comprises the following steps:
in the upper blast hole, an orifice blocking section, an upper explosive and a dissolution cavity upper section blocking section are sequentially arranged from the orifice of the upper blast hole to the bottom of the upper blast hole;
in the lower section blast hole, the lower section of the lower section blast hole is filled with lower section explosives, and a lower section plugging section of the solution cavity is arranged from the top surface of the lower section explosives to the bottom surface of the middle solution cavity to plug the orifice of the lower section blast hole;
the detonating cord is communicated between the upper section explosive and the lower section explosive.
The deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the molten cavity is also characterized in that: and a support rod is arranged in the middle solution cavity, and the separation bag is supported at the bottom of the upper blast hole by the support rod, so that the upper plugging section (33) of the solution cavity can be supported and positioned on the separation bag.
The deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the molten cavity is also characterized in that: the bottom end of the bamboo chips reaches the bottom of the lower section blast hole, and the top end of the bamboo chips reaches the orifice of the upper section blast hole.
The deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the molten cavity is also characterized in that: the lengths of the lower plugging section and the upper plugging section of the molten cavity are 0.5-1.0 m.
The deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the molten cavity is also characterized in that: the lower plugging section and the upper plugging section of the molten cavity are formed by filling rock debris serving as materials in the corresponding section of the blast hole.
The deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the molten cavity is also characterized in that: the spacing bag is made by filling drilling rock slag into a nylon bag.
The deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the molten cavity is also characterized in that:
the length of the detonating cord is set as follows: the sum of the length between the upper wall and the lower wall of the cavity, the length of the plugging section of the upper section of the cavity, the length of the plugging section of the lower section of the cavity and the length of the detonating cord extending into the explosive; the two ends of the detonating cord are respectively extended with 1-2 sections of explosives; the length of the supporting rod is 0.2-0.5 m greater than that between the upper wall and the lower wall of the middle solution cavity, and the diameter of the supporting rod is 20-60 mm smaller than that of the blast hole; the diameter of the spacing bag is 10-30 mm smaller than the diameter of the blast hole.
The deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the cavity is also characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 2, forming a lower plugging section of the dissolution cavity in the lower section blast hole at the top of the lower section explosive through filling;
step 3, placing a support rod in the middle solution cavity, supporting the spacing bag by the support rod, and separating the blast hole at the upper section from the middle solution cavity by using the spacing bag;
step 5, forming an upper plugging section of the solution cavity by utilizing the obstruction of the spacing bag in the blast hole at the upper section, charging explosive at the top of the upper plugging section of the solution cavity to form an upper explosive, and arranging an initiating detonator in the upper explosive;
and 6, in the blast hole at the upper section, an orifice blocking section is arranged at the top of the explosive at the upper section, and deep hole blasting charge passing through the solution cavity is completed.
The invention is applied to the dissolved cavity detection device in the deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating the dissolved cavity, and is characterized in that: consists of a measuring head and an extension bar;
the measuring head is provided with a central straight rod and two inclined supporting rods, the top ends of the two inclined supporting rods are hinged to two symmetrical sides of the top of the central straight rod, the bottom ends of the inclined supporting rods are free ends, and springs are arranged between the two inclined supporting rods; the two inclined supporting rods can be propped open to be in a herringbone shape by the elasticity of the spring;
the extension bar is in threaded connection with the top end of the central straight bar on the measuring head to form an extension section of the central straight bar;
one end of a cord is fixedly connected to the bottom end of one of the inclined supporting rods, the other end of the cord sequentially penetrates through a cord ring at the bottom end of the other inclined supporting rod, cord rings arranged on the central straight rod at intervals, and cord rings arranged on the extension rod at intervals to be led out as a traction cord head, and the cord is in sliding fit with the cord rings.
The invention also discloses a cavity detection device, which is characterized in that: the extension bar is provided with length scales.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the flexible plugging structures are arranged above and below the dissolving cavity, so that the expansion of explosive gas can be effectively delayed; the upper and lower flexible plugging structures collide at the position of the solution cavity under the action of the upper and lower explosive sections and are extruded into the solution cavity, so that the cavity of the solution cavity is effectively filled, the leakage of the energy of the explosive is avoided, and the rock crushing effect is ensured.
2. From the perspective of the initiation mode, the invention has more reliable initiation, the upper section of explosive is detonated by the detonator and then is detonated to the lower section of detonator by the detonating cord, and the invention has better initiation reliability
3. The invention fully utilizes materials such as drilling rock debris, rock slag and the like, and has the advantages of convenient construction, high efficiency and economy.
4. The detection device can accurately measure the position and the size of the blast hole molten cavity, is convenient for optimizing the mesh parameters and the charging structure in time, avoids blasting, explosion energy leakage and even explosion rejection accidents caused by incapability of charging according to normal design due to the existence of the molten cavity, and improves the blasting effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the charge configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a device for controlling and measuring a cavity according to the present invention;
reference numbers in the figures: 1, a lengthening bar; 21 a central straight rod; 22 diagonal brace rods; 23, a spring; 24 cords; 25 rubber wheels; 26 a rope ring; 31 orifice plugging sections, 32 upper explosive sections, 33 upper plugging sections of the dissolution cavity, 41 middle dissolution cavity, 42 lower explosive sections, 43 lower plugging sections of the dissolution cavity, 51 detonating primer, 52 detonating cord, 61 support rod, 62 spacing bag and 63 bamboo chips.
Detailed Description
In this embodiment, the deep hole includes an upper blast hole and a lower blast hole, a middle solution cavity exists between the upper blast hole and the lower blast hole, and the position and the depth of the middle solution cavity are obtained by deep measurement.
Referring to fig. 1, the deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the cavity in this embodiment is as follows:
in the blast hole at the upper section, an orifice plugging section 31, an upper section explosive 32 and a dissolution cavity upper section plugging section 33 are sequentially arranged from the orifice of the blast hole at the upper section to the bottom of the blast hole at the upper section; in the lower section blast hole, the lower half section of the lower section blast hole is filled with lower section explosives 42, and a lower section plugging section 43 of the dissolution cavity is arranged from the top surface of the lower section explosives 42 to the bottom surface of the middle dissolution cavity 41 to plug the orifice of the lower section blast hole; the primer detonator 51 may be buried in the top of the upper explosive 32 and the detonating cord 52 communicates between the upper explosive 32 and the lower explosive 42.
In the specific implementation, the corresponding measures also comprise:
a support rod 61 is arranged in the middle cavity 41, and the spacing bag 62 is supported at the bottom of the upper section blast hole by the support rod 61, so that the upper section blocking section 33 of the cavity can be supported and positioned on the spacing bag 62.
The blast holes are internally provided with bamboo chips 63, the bamboo chips 63 penetrate through the upper section blast holes, the middle melting chamber and the lower section blast holes, the bottom ends of the bamboo chips 63 reach the bottoms of the lower section blast holes, and the top ends of the bamboo chips 63 reach the orifices of the upper section blast holes.
Setting the length of the lower plugging section 43 of the cavity and the length of the upper plugging section 33 of the cavity to be 0.5-1.0 m; the lower cavity blocking section 43 and the upper cavity blocking section 33 are formed by filling rock debris serving as materials in a section corresponding to the blast hole; the spacer 62 is made of a nylon bag filled with drill rock debris.
The length of the explosion wire 52 is set to: the sum of the length between the upper wall and the lower wall of the cavity, the length of the upper plugging section 33 of the cavity, the length of the lower plugging section 43 of the cavity and the length of the detonating cord extending into the explosive; the two ends of the detonating cord 52 are respectively inserted with 1-2 sections of explosives; the length of the support rod 61 is 0.2-0.5 m greater than the length between the upper wall and the lower wall of the middle solution cavity 41, and the diameter of the support rod 62 is 20-60 mm smaller than the diameter of a blast hole; the diameter of the spacing bag 62 is 10-30 mm smaller than the diameter of the blast hole.
The deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the cavity in the embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
And 2, forming a lower plugging section of the dissolution cavity by filling the top of the explosive positioned at the lower section in the lower section blast hole.
And 3, placing a support rod in the middle solution cavity, supporting the spacing bag by the support rod, and separating the upper section blast hole from the middle solution cavity by using the spacing bag.
And 5, forming an upper plugging section of the solution cavity by utilizing the obstruction of the spacing bag in the upper blast hole, charging explosive on the top of the upper plugging section of the solution cavity to form an upper explosive, and arranging an initiating detonator in the upper explosive.
And 6, in the blast hole at the upper section, an orifice blocking section is arranged at the top of the explosive at the upper section, and deep hole blasting charge passing through the solution cavity is completed.
Step blasting is adopted in a karst area at a certain expressway pebble blasting section, the blasting step is 10.0m, a main blast hole is a vertical hole, the diameter of the blast hole is 90mm, the ultra-depth is 0.8m, the depth of the blast hole is 10.8m, a blast hole loading section penetrates through a solution cavity, the distance from the upper wall of the solution cavity to the top end of the blast hole is 6.0m, the distance from the lower wall of the solution cavity to the top end of the blast hole is 6.8m, the length between the upper wall and the lower wall of the solution cavity is 0.8m, and the blocking length of the blast hole is 3.0 m; according to the size and distribution information of the cavity and the blast hole parameters, determining that the length of the lower section of explosive is 3.2m, the length of the lower section of flexible plugging section is 0.8m, the length of the upper section of explosive is 2.2m and the length of the detonating cord is 3.2 m; the length of the bamboo chips is 10.8 m; the lower section of explosive is 8-section phi 70mm explosive; rock debris is filled between the middle solution cavity and the lower section of explosive to form a lower section of flexible plugging section; the support rods are wood rods, the length of each wood rod is 1.1m, the diameter of each wood rod is 50mm, and the spacing bags can be made of nylon bags filled with drilling rock slag and have the diameter of 75 mm; rock debris is filled between the middle solution cavity and the upper explosive to form an upper flexible plugging section; the upper section of explosive is 6-section phi 70mm explosive; the priming detonator is arranged on the top of the upper section of explosive, and the top end of the upper section of explosive is connected with the blast hole plugging section.
Referring to fig. 2, the cavity detection device applied to the deep hole blasting charging method for penetrating through the cavity in the embodiment is composed of a measuring head and an extension rod; the measuring head is provided with a central straight rod 21 and two inclined supporting rods 22, the top ends of the two inclined supporting rods 22 are hinged to two symmetrical sides of the top of the central straight rod 21, the bottom ends of the inclined supporting rods 22 are free ends, and springs 23 are arranged between the two inclined supporting rods 22; the two inclined supporting rods 22 can be propped open to be in a herringbone shape by the elasticity of the spring 23; the opening width of the bottom ends of the two inclined support rods 22 is larger than the diameter of the blast hole by 2-4 cm in a free state; rubber wheels 25 capable of rolling are provided at the bottom of the two diagonal braces 22.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the extension bar 1 is screwed to the top end of the central straight bar 21 on the measuring head by using a screwed joint, so as to form an extension section of the central straight bar 21; extension bar 1 can adopt the segmentation to set up, sets up threaded connection at each section extension bar 1's rod end, utilizes threaded connection to carry out threaded connection between each section extension bar, sets up the length of extension bar according to actual measurement's needs.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, another cord 24 with a sufficient length is fixedly connected to the bottom end of one of the diagonal braces at one end, and the other end of the cord passes through the cord loop at the bottom end of the other diagonal brace, the cord loops 26 arranged on the central straight rod at intervals, and the cord loops arranged on the extension rod 1 at intervals are led out as a traction cord end, and the cord 24 is in sliding fit with the cord loops. Enabling the cord 24 to slide in the respective cord loops; in order to obtain measurement data, scale values are arranged on the extension bar 1 from bottom to top every 20cm and are used for reading the depth.
In the embodiment, the length of the inclined strut is set to be 25-50 cm, the diameter is set to be 30-50 mm, and the length of the central straight rod is equivalent to that of the inclined strut; the length of each single-section extension rod is 1.0-2.0 m, and the diameter is 1.0-2 cm; the central straight rod, the diagonal brace rod and the extension rod are all rigid rod pieces, and the distance between adjacent rope rings on the extension rod is 30 cm; the distance between the springs and the top ends of the inclined support rods is 5-10 cm, the springs can be single, and the single spring is directly connected between the two inclined support rods; the number of the springs can be two, and the two springs are respectively connected between the central straight rod and the inclined supporting rod on the corresponding side. A herringbone opening of two inclined support rods which are stretched by a spring and form a herringbone in a free state is directly 2-4 cm larger than a blast hole; the diameter of the rubber wheel is 0.5-1 cm.
The measurement process comprises the following steps:
connecting the extension bar with the central straight bar, and leading out a traction rope head of a rope at one end of the extension bar to finish the preparation work.
The two inclined supporting rods are folded towards the central straight rod by using external force and are placed in the blast hole.
Along with the movement of the measuring head to the depth direction of the blast hole, the rubber wheel at the bottom end of the inclined support rod is tightly attached to the wall of the blast hole under the action of the spring to form rolling friction, so that the measuring device can stably and downwards detect.
Because the diameter of the middle solution cavity is larger than the diameter of the blast hole, after the measuring head enters the middle solution cavity, the inclined stay bar expands outwards under the action of the spring due to the fact that the constraint of the wall of the blast hole is lost; the measuring device is continuously downward probed, when the bottom of the middle dissolving cavity is reached, the rubber wheel is blocked, and the measuring device cannot continuously downward probe; when the measuring device can not descend continuously, the rod length scale value on the extension rod is read for the first time, and the value is the depth reading of the bottom of the dissolving cavity; at this time, the traction rope end is pulled up to keep the rope in a state of just being tightened.
Then, the measuring device is pulled outwards towards the blast hole, when the measuring head reaches the top end of the molten cavity and continues to be pulled upwards, the wall of the blast hole extrudes the rubber wheel to enable the inclined supporting rod to be folded towards the central straight rod due to the small diameter of the blast hole, and the rope is loosened from a tight state; at the moment, reading the rod length scale value on the extension rod for the second time, namely reading the depth of the top of the molten cavity; subtracting the depth reading of the top of the lysis cavity from the depth reading of the bottom of the lysis cavity to obtain the length size of the lysis cavity; therefore, the measurement of the position and the length size of the blast hole cavity is realized.
Claims (8)
1. A deep hole blasting charge method for penetrating through a molten cavity is characterized in that:
the deep hole comprises an upper section blast hole and a lower section blast hole, a middle solution cavity is arranged between the upper section blast hole and the lower section blast hole, and the position and the depth of the middle solution cavity are obtained through depth measurement; the charging method comprises the following steps:
in the upper blast hole, an orifice blocking section (31), an upper explosive (32) and a dissolution cavity upper section blocking section (33) are sequentially arranged from the orifice of the upper blast hole to the bottom of the upper blast hole;
in the lower section blast hole, lower section explosives (42) are filled in the lower half section of the lower section blast hole, and a lower section plugging section (43) of the dissolution cavity is arranged from the top surface of the lower section explosives (42) to the bottom surface of the middle dissolution cavity (41) to plug the orifice of the lower section blast hole;
the detonating cord (52) is communicated between the upper section explosive (32) and the lower section explosive (42);
a support rod (61) is arranged in the middle solution cavity (41), and the separation bag (62) is supported at the bottom of the blast hole at the upper section by the support rod (61), so that the blocking section (33) at the upper section of the solution cavity is supported and positioned on the separation bag (62).
2. The deep hole blasting charge method for penetrating through a cavity as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bottom end of the bamboo chip (63) reaches the bottom of the lower section blast hole, and the top end of the bamboo chip (63) reaches the orifice of the upper section blast hole.
3. The deep hole blasting charge method for penetrating through a cavity as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lengths of the lower section plugging section (43) and the upper section plugging section (33) of the molten cavity are 0.5-1.0 m.
4. The deep hole blasting charge method for penetrating through a cavity as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lower molten cavity blocking section (43) and the upper molten cavity blocking section (33) are formed by filling rock debris serving as materials in the corresponding section of the blast hole.
5. The deep hole blasting charge method for penetrating through a cavity as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the spacing bag (62) is made by filling drilling rock slag into a nylon bag.
6. The deep hole blasting charge method for penetrating through a cavity as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the length of the detonating cord (52) is set as follows: the sum of the length between the upper wall and the lower wall of the cavity, the length of a plugging section (33) at the upper section of the cavity, the length of a plugging section (43) at the lower section of the cavity and the length of a detonating cord extending into the explosive; the two ends of the detonating cord (52) are respectively extended with 1-2 sections of explosives; the length of the support rod (61) is 0.2-0.5 m greater than the length between the upper wall and the lower wall of the middle solution cavity (41), and the diameter of the support rod (61) is 20-60 mm smaller than the diameter of a blast hole; the diameter of the spacing bag (62) is 10-30 mm smaller than the diameter of the blast hole.
7. The deep hole blasting charge method through the cavity according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, binding explosives on bamboo chips section by section, binding detonating cords on the bamboo chips together according to a set length and a set position, inserting the bamboo chips, the detonating cords and the explosives into the bottom of a blast hole of a lower section, and completing the loading of the blast hole of the lower section to form the explosives of the lower section;
step 2, forming a lower plugging section of the dissolution cavity in the lower section blast hole at the top of the lower section explosive through filling;
step 3, placing a support rod in the middle solution cavity, supporting the spacing bag by the support rod, and separating the blast hole at the upper section from the middle solution cavity by using the spacing bag;
step 5, forming an upper plugging section of the solution cavity by utilizing the obstruction of the spacing bag in the blast hole at the upper section, charging explosive at the top of the upper plugging section of the solution cavity to form an upper explosive, and arranging an initiating detonator in the upper explosive;
and 6, in the blast hole at the upper section, an orifice blocking section is arranged at the top of the explosive at the upper section, and deep hole blasting charge passing through the solution cavity is completed.
8. A molten cavity detection device applied to the deep hole blasting charge method for cavity crossing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: consists of a measuring head and an extension bar; the measuring head is provided with a central straight rod (21) and two inclined supporting rods (22), the top ends of the two inclined supporting rods (22) are hinged to two symmetrical sides of the top of the central straight rod (21), the bottom ends of the inclined supporting rods (22) are free ends, and springs (23) are arranged between the two inclined supporting rods (22); the two inclined supporting rods (22) can be propped open to be in a herringbone shape by the elasticity of the spring (23); the opening width of the bottom ends of the two inclined supporting rods is larger than the diameter of the blast hole in a free state; the extension bar (1) is in threaded connection with the top end of a central straight bar (21) on the measuring head to form an extension section of the central straight bar (21); one end of a rope (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of one diagonal brace, the other end of the rope (24) sequentially penetrates through rope rings at the bottom end of the other diagonal brace, rope rings (26) arranged on a central straight rod at intervals, and rope rings arranged on an extension bar (1) at intervals to be led out to form a traction rope head, the rope (24) is in sliding fit with the rope rings, and length scales are arranged on the extension bar (1);
the measuring process of the detecting device is as follows:
the two inclined supporting rods (22) are folded towards the central straight rod (21) by using external force and are placed in the blast hole; along with the movement of the measuring head to the depth direction of the blast hole, the bottom end of the inclined stay bar is tightly attached to the wall of the blast hole under the action of the spring (23), and the measuring device stably probes downwards;
because the diameter of the middle solution cavity is larger than the diameter of the blast hole, the constraint of the blast hole wall is lost after the measuring head enters the middle solution cavity, and the inclined strut is expanded outwards under the action of the spring; continuing to probe the measuring device, wherein when the bottom of the middle dissolving cavity is reached, the measuring device cannot continue to probe; when the measuring device can not descend continuously, the rod length scale value on the extension rod (1) is read for the first time, and the value is read as the depth reading of the bottom of the molten cavity; at the moment, the traction rope head is lifted, so that the rope is just in a tight state and is kept;
then, the measuring device is lifted towards the outside of the blast hole, when the measuring head reaches the top end of the molten cavity and continues to be pulled upwards, the inclined stay bar (22) is folded towards the central straight bar (21) due to the extrusion of the blast hole wall because the diameter of the blast hole is smaller, and the wire rope is loosened from a tight state; at the moment, the rod length scale value on the extension rod (1) is read for the second time, namely the depth reading of the top of the molten cavity; and subtracting the depth reading of the top of the dissolution cavity from the depth reading of the bottom of the dissolution cavity to obtain the length size of the dissolution cavity, thereby realizing the measurement of the position and the length size of the dissolution cavity of the blast hole.
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| CN112113474B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-11-02 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Partially recyclable blast hole measuring and plugging device and application method thereof |
| CN114353610B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-04-25 | 湖北工业大学 | Structure and construction method for sectional charging in horizontal or gently inclined blind blasthole |
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| CN203869598U (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-10-08 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Charging and detonator allocation form for unit blast hole sectional blasting |
| CN105737697B (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2017-06-27 | 武汉大学 | A kind of outlining blasting method suitable for joints development rock mass |
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