Construction method of efficient and rapid integrated forming energy-saving wall
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and particularly relates to a construction method of an efficient and rapid integrated forming energy-saving wall.
Background
At present, building blocks are piled up and integrally poured when the wall of a building is built, the traditional building wall mainly uses a whole block type wall body formed by piling up building blocks and slat wall bricks, and the whole block type wall body has the problem of poor heat insulation, heat preservation, sound insulation and other effects caused by common structural and penetrating wall cracks; the whole wall is heavy, large in inertia and poor in shock resistance, and the problem that the wall is easy to fall off due to the fact that the wall is broken into pieces and causes injury to people in the house shaking process is easily caused; the whole wall body is thicker, so that more building area is occupied, and the use area of a living room is reduced; meanwhile, the problem of water seepage of brick walls and slab joints also exists; the construction of the whole wall body is mainly carried out by manpower, the carrying is difficult, the material loss rate is high, the construction period is long, the investment is large, the generated construction waste is more and difficult to treat, and the surrounding environment is seriously influenced; at present, a heat-insulating layer and a waterproof layer are mostly arranged outside the wall body of the integrally-poured wall body, so that the service life of the wall body is short, and later maintenance is difficult.
The invention relates to a disassembly-free template integrally-formed wall and a construction process, belongs to the technical field of cast-in-place wall construction, and particularly relates to a disassembly-free template integrally-formed wall and a construction process, wherein the construction process is published under the number CN108978957A and No. 2018.12.11. The invention adopts the component template and the filling template to enclose the communicated pouring cavity, and the component template and the filling template are integrally formed along with the pouring of pouring materials, so that the vertical main structure component and the filling wall are integrally formed, the set component template, the filling template and the wall are integrally poured and adhered, no additional template is needed, and the template is not needed to be disassembled; the invention mainly realizes pouring of an integrally formed wall, solves the problem of improving the construction efficiency, avoids later-stage form removal to ensure the uniformity of the wall, does not solve the protection of a heat-insulating layer and a waterproof layer of the wall, designs doors and windows, and does not reasonably utilize wastes to realize an environment-friendly concept.
The invention discloses a construction method of a steel structure wave net sandwich concrete surface integral earthquake-proof wall, which comprises the following steps: CN108086520A, published: 2018.05.29, the invention discloses a construction method of a steel structure wave net sandwich concrete surface integral earthquake-proof wall, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: a: installing a wall keel frame, and filling non-combustible fillers in the wall keel frame; b: b, spraying the prepared concrete on the wall keel frame installed in the step A by using a concrete spraying device; c: in the step C, the sprayed concrete is required to be scraped in time at the position with uneven thickness, and the wall surface is integrally leveled after the last spraying; the raw materials adopted by the construction method are mature building materials meeting the requirements of the national environmental protection standard, and the construction method has no pollution to the environment; meanwhile, the original construction waste (recyclable garbage), the fly ash and the like can be used for production and construction of the wall, so that the generation of the construction garbage is effectively reduced, and the cost of cleaning and transporting the construction garbage, burying the construction garbage and the like and the problem of environmental pollution caused by the construction garbage are saved; the invention does not solve the protection of the wall heat-insulating layer and the waterproof layer and does not relate to the reasonable application of the phosphogypsum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention adopts the technical scheme to solve the problems that:
a construction method for an efficient and rapid integrated forming energy-saving wall comprises the following steps:
a. when the inner wall of a building is constructed, a layer of flat iron screen plate is arranged, screen cloth is laid on any side of the flat iron screen plate, and then the flat iron screen plate is arranged on a beam, a plate and a column of the building;
when constructing the outer wall of a building, arranging a plurality of layers of flat iron screen plates, laying screen cloth on the side surface of any flat iron screen plate, wherein the screen cloth is positioned at the inner side of the plurality of layers of flat iron screen plates, and then installing the plurality of layers of flat iron screen plates on the beams, plates and columns of the building;
b. b, spraying the prepared mixed slurry of cement, phosphogypsum, stone powder and polystyrene particles to the inner side or the outer side of the mesh cloth installed in the step a by using a concrete spraying device to form a base layer;
c. b, spraying the prepared mixed cement mortar of cement, plaster and stone powder to the inner side and the outer side of the base layer formed in the step b by adopting a concrete spraying device to form a cured layer;
d. c, spraying the manufactured concrete mortar to the inner side and the outer side of the base layer formed in the step c by adopting a concrete spraying device to form a protective layer;
e. in the steps c and d, the positions with uneven thickness of the sprayed concrete mortar need to be scraped in time, and the wall surface is integrally leveled after the last spraying.
The processing and manufacturing of the flat iron mesh plate in the step a comprises the following steps:
a11. vertically placing the vertical bars arranged at equal intervals on the transverse bars arranged at equal intervals, and welding the intersection points of the vertical bars and the transverse bars to vertically connect the vertical bars and the transverse bars to form a support net;
a12. and (3) conveying the support net to a molding press, pressing the support net on the molding press at equal intervals to compress the support net, so that adjacent transverse strips on the support net are bent reversely along the vertical direction to form opposite notches, and the vertical opposite notches form vertical sockets.
a13. And inserting the flat iron into the vertical insertion opening on the supporting net to form a flat iron net plate.
The installation of the flat iron mesh plate in the step a comprises the following steps:
a21. marking the installation position according to a design drawing;
a22. erecting the flat iron screen plate with the flat iron installed, and connecting the flat iron of the flat iron screen plate through a connecting piece; when the flat iron screen plates are provided with a plurality of groups, the space between the flat iron screen plates is adjusted according to the actual condition, the adjacent flat iron screen plates are connected through connecting flat irons, the connecting flat irons are fastened with the flat iron screen plates through screws, heat insulation gaskets are arranged between the screws and the screw holes, the plurality of groups of flat iron screen plates are respectively erected, and the flat irons arranged on the periphery of the adjacent flat iron screen plates are connected through connecting pieces to form an integrated flat iron screen plate;
a23. and fixing the flat irons around the flat iron screen plate on the beam, the plate and the column of the building through cement nails by using a ceiling device.
Preferably, the mesh cloth in the step a is a high-molecular polyethylene waterproof and breathable film.
Preferably, the spraying thickness of the mixed slurry in the step b is 1-2 cm.
Preferably, the ratio of the cement to the phosphogypsum to the stone powder to the polystyrene particles in the mixed slurry in the step b is 1:1: 5.
Preferably, the spraying thickness of the mixed cement mortar in the step c is 2-10cm, and the proportion of cement, plaster and stone powder in the mixed cement mortar is 1:1: 4.
Preferably, the flat iron screen plate is provided with a door and a window.
Preferably, the supporting net is a galvanized metal welded wavy net.
Preferably, step a may be followed by step f, wherein step f is: and c, arranging water and electric wires on the flat iron mesh plate formed in the step a.
Preferably, the cement, the phosphogypsum, the stone powder and the polystyrene particles in the step b can be made into a phosphogypsum board, and the phosphogypsum board is arranged on the inner side of the multi-layer flat iron mesh plate to form a base layer.
Preferably, the ratio of the cement to the phosphogypsum to the stone powder to the polystyrene particles in the step b is 1:1:4: 0.5.
The construction method has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the construction method comprises the steps of fixing the flat iron screen plate to form a support spraying wall, spraying building materials on the spraying wall in sequence, and constructing by adopting raw materials meeting the requirements of national environmental protection standards to form an integrated wall surface, wherein the wall surface is integrally connected with a building bearing beam, the wall surface is seamless and crack-free, the strength and the rigidity of the integral wall surface are better, and nine-level earthquake can be borne; compared with the existing building block construction mode, the construction method has high construction efficiency and low construction cost; in addition, the foundation layer inside the wall surface has better heat insulation, sound insulation, fire prevention and water prevention effects, and the foundation layer is located in the wall, so that the foundation layer can achieve an effective protection effect.
(2) In the construction method, the cement, the phosphogypsum, the stone powder and the polystyrene particles are stirred and mixed to form mixed slurry, wherein the proportion of the cement, the phosphogypsum, the stone powder and the polystyrene particles is 1:1:5, and the phosphogypsum is phosphogypsum, so that the construction waste is effectively utilized, the treatment cost is saved, and the environment-friendly design concept is met.
(3) The wall surface formed by the construction method is high in strength, can be directly drilled to hoist objects, and is simpler in implementation mode, higher in efficiency and convenient to construct compared with the existing construction method that holes are drilled after water is added to air-added block bricks and holes are drilled again on cement after the holes are filled with cement.
(4) The flat iron screen plate is provided with the door and the window in the construction method, so that the trouble of cutting the wall body in the later period can be avoided, the later period installation is convenient, the integrity of the wall body is kept, and the processing of the opening structures such as the door and the window does not need to be additionally provided with the lintel.
(5) Can directly pre-buried water and electricity pipeline in the construction, do not need the secondary fluting to bore a hole, kept the smooth integrality of wall, use manpower sparingly, financial resources, reduction of erection time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a support net according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat iron mesh plate according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A construction method for an efficient and rapid integrated forming energy-saving wall comprises the following steps:
a. when an inner wall of a building is constructed, a layer of flat iron screen plate 10 is arranged, screen cloth is laid on any side face of the flat iron screen plate 10, then the flat iron screen plate 10 is installed on a beam, a plate and a column of the building, when an outer wall of the building is constructed, a plurality of layers of flat iron screen plates 10 are arranged, the screen cloth is laid on the side face of the flat iron screen plate 10, the screen cloth is positioned on the inner side face of the plurality of layers of flat iron screen plates 10, and then the plurality of layers of flat iron screen plates 10 are installed on the beam, the plate and the column of the building;
b. b, spraying the prepared mixed slurry of cement, phosphogypsum, stone powder and polystyrene particles to the inner side or the outer side of the mesh cloth installed in the step a by using a concrete spraying device to form a base layer, wherein the cement, phosphogypsum, stone powder and polystyrene particles can be made into a phosphogypsum board in the step b, and the phosphogypsum board is particularly used for an outer wall of a construction building and is installed on the inner side of the multilayer flat iron mesh board 10 to form the base layer;
c. b, spraying the prepared mixed cement mortar of cement, plaster and stone powder to the inner side and the outer side of the base layer formed in the step b by adopting a concrete spraying device to form a cured layer;
d. c, spraying the manufactured concrete mortar to the inner side and the outer side of the base layer formed in the step c by adopting a concrete spraying device to form a protective layer;
e. in the steps c and d, the positions with uneven thickness of the sprayed concrete mortar need to be scraped in time, and the wall surface is integrally leveled after the last spraying.
Wherein the manufacturing of the flat iron mesh plate 10 in the step a comprises the following steps:
a11. as shown in fig. 1, vertically placing the equally spaced vertical bars 112 on the equally spaced horizontal bars 111, and welding the intersections of the vertical bars 112 and the horizontal bars 111 to vertically connect the vertical bars 112 and the horizontal bars 111 to form the support net 11;
a12. the supporting net 11 is sent to a molding press, the supporting net 11 is compressed by the molding press on the molding press at equal intervals, so that adjacent transverse strips 111 on the supporting net 11 are bent reversely along the vertical direction perpendicular to the surface of the supporting net 11 to form opposite notches 113, and the opposite notches 113 arranged vertically form vertical insertion openings.
a13. As shown in fig. 2, the flat iron 12 is inserted into the vertical insertion opening of the supporting net 11 to form the flat iron net plate 10.
The molding press comprises an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate, concave-convex pressing dies facing one side of the lower pressing plate are arranged on the upper pressing plate at intervals, concave-convex pressing dies facing one side of the upper pressing plate are arranged on the lower pressing plate at intervals, the upper pressing plate and the concave-convex pressing dies on the lower pressing plate are meshed with each other, the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate are pressed on the transverse bars 111 of the flat iron screen plate 10 under the control of a hydraulic system, and the concave-convex pressing dies form relative notches 113, so that the manufacturing of the supporting net 11 is completed, and the power and linkage parts adopted by the molding press are the prior art and are not described herein.
Wherein the installation of the flat iron mesh plate 10 in the step a comprises the following steps:
a1. marking the installation position according to a design drawing;
a2. erecting the flat iron screen plate 10 provided with the flat iron 12, and connecting the flat iron 12 of the flat iron screen plate 10 through a connecting piece; when the flat iron screen plates 10 are provided with a plurality of groups, the distance between the flat iron screen plates 10 is adjusted according to actual conditions, the adjacent flat iron screen plates 10 are connected through the connecting flat irons 12, the connecting flat irons 12 are fastened with the flat iron screen plates 10 through screws, heat insulation gaskets are arranged between the screws and the screw holes, the plurality of groups of flat iron screen plates 10 are respectively erected, and the flat irons 12 arranged on the periphery of the adjacent flat iron screen plates 10 are connected through connecting pieces to form the integrated flat iron screen plates 10;
a3. the flat irons 12 around the flat iron net plate 10 are fixed on the beams, plates and columns of the building through cement nails by using a ceiling hoist.
In the step a, the mesh cloth is a macromolecular polyethylene waterproof and breathable film.
And c, spraying the mixed slurry in the step b to a thickness of 1-2cm, and further, in the mixed slurry in the step b, the ratio of cement to phosphogypsum to stone powder to polystyrene particles is 1:1: 40.5.
In the step c, the spraying thickness of the mixed cement mortar is 2-10cm, and the proportion of cement, plaster and stone powder in the further mixed cement mortar is 1:1: 4.
In the step d, the protective layer has a waterproof function and high strength, and is used as the outer wall of the whole wall body, and the spraying thickness is 2-6 cm.
The flat iron screen plate 10 is provided with doors and windows according to the requirements of design drawings, is convenient to cut, is directly formed during later construction spraying, and does not need to be additionally provided with lintels.
The construction method comprises the steps of fixing the flat iron screen plate 10 to form a support spraying wall, spraying building materials on the spraying wall in sequence, and constructing by adopting raw materials meeting the requirements of national environmental protection standards to form an integrated wall surface, wherein the wall surface is integrally connected with a building bearing beam, the wall surface is seamless and crack-free, the strength and the rigidity of the integrated wall surface are better, and nine-level earthquake can be borne; compared with the existing building block construction mode, the construction method has high construction efficiency and low construction cost; in addition, the foundation layer inside the wall surface has better heat insulation, sound insulation, fire prevention and water prevention effects, and the foundation layer is located in the wall, so that the foundation layer can achieve an effective protection effect.
In the construction method, the cement, the phosphogypsum, the stone powder and the polystyrene particles are stirred and mixed to form mixed slurry, wherein the ratio of the cement to the phosphogypsum to the stone powder to the polystyrene particles is 1:1:4:0.5, so that the phosphogypsum and the construction waste are effectively utilized, the treatment cost is saved, and the environment-friendly design concept is met.
The wall surface formed by the construction method is high in strength, can be directly drilled to hoist objects, and is simpler in implementation mode, higher in efficiency and convenient to construct compared with the existing construction method that holes are drilled after water is added to air-added block bricks and holes are drilled again on cement after the holes are filled with cement.
The flat iron screen plate 10 in the construction method is provided with the door and the window, so that the trouble of cutting the wall body in the later period can be avoided, the later period installation is convenient, the integrity of the wall body is kept, and in addition, no lintel is required to be additionally arranged for processing the structures of the openings such as the door and the window.
Design water and electricity pipelines can be directly pre-buried after the flat iron screen plate 10 is installed in construction, secondary grooving and drilling are not needed after spraying is completed, so that the smooth integrity of the wall surface is kept, manpower and financial resources are saved, and the construction period is shortened.
The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the use of "first" and "second" is merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and unless otherwise stated the above words are not intended to have a special meaning.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is to be understood that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, but such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.