CN110496662B - A kind of indica rice embryo-preserving processing method and embryo-preserving rice - Google Patents
A kind of indica rice embryo-preserving processing method and embryo-preserving rice Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
- B02B5/00—Grain treatment not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
本发明公开一种籼米保胚加工方法及留胚米，涉及粮食加工技术领域。所述籼米保胚加工方法包括以下步骤：将籼稻依次经过筛选、砻谷、谷糙分离，形成籼糙米；采用铁辊碾米机对所述籼糙米碾白处理；将经所述碾白处理后的籼糙米进行提纯，得留胚米；其中，所述碾白处理时，碾程为三机串联且按照加工顺序所述三机的碾白压力比为(4.8～5.1)：(3～2)：1。经本发明方法处理后的籼米仍然能保留较多的胚芽，不仅可以获得以籼米为原料制得的留胚米，而且留胚率可以达到85％以上。此外，相较现有的粳米加工方法，本发明方法大大降低了碾米机的能耗。
The invention discloses an indica rice germ-preserving processing method and germ-retaining rice, and relates to the technical field of grain processing. The indica rice embryo-preserving processing method comprises the following steps: screening, hulling and grain separation of indica rice in sequence to form indica brown rice; using an iron roller rice mill to whiten the indica brown rice; The latter indica brown rice is purified to obtain embryonic rice; wherein, during the whitening treatment, the grinding process is three machines in series, and the whitening pressure ratio of the three machines according to the processing sequence is (4.8～5.1): (3～ 2): 1. The indica rice treated by the method of the invention can still retain more germs, and not only the germ-retained rice prepared by using the indica rice as the raw material can be obtained, but also the germ-retaining rate can reach more than 85%. In addition, compared with the existing japonica rice processing method, the method of the present invention greatly reduces the energy consumption of the rice mill.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grain processing, in particular to a method for preserving embryo of long-shaped rice and embryo-preserved rice.
Background
The germ-remaining rice, also called germ rice, is fine rice with the germ-remaining rate of rice reaching more than 80% and meeting the rice grade standard after the rice is milled. The germ is the primary and meristem of rice and is the most physiologically active part of the grain. The germ is rich in protein, fat, soluble sugar, vitamins, and essential microelements such as calcium and ferrum, and the rice germ contains more than 70% of total nutrient components of rice. With the pursuit of health and nutrition, the germ-remaining rice becomes the first choice of consumers in recent years.
The embryo-remaining rate is the percentage of the number of the remaining embryo rice grains in the rice sample. The rice grains are full and fat, the cross section is similar to a circle, the rice grains can bear large grinding force, and the embryo retention rate after refining is high, so the prior rice embryo-keeping processing technology mostly uses the rice as the raw material. However, the taste of polished round-grained rice is different from that of long-grained rice, and for consumers who like long-grained rice, the existing germ-remaining rice cannot meet the requirements of the consumers; in addition, the growth cycle of the polished long-grained nonglutinous rice is long, the energy consumption is high during grinding due to the compact structure of the seeds, and the polished long-grained nonglutinous rice is two or more seasons per year and loose in seed structure, so that the economic benefit is higher if an embryo-preserving processing method of the polished long-grained nonglutinous rice can be developed. However, the rice grains of long and narrow and flat cross sections lead to low embryo remaining rate after refining, and the technology for processing long-shaped rice into embryo remaining rice does not appear at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for processing preserved embryo of long-shaped rice and preserved embryo rice, and aims to provide a method for preparing preserved embryo rice by taking the long-shaped rice as a raw material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for processing preserved indica rice, which comprises the following steps:
screening indica rice, hulling, and separating rice to obtain indica brown rice;
adopting an iron roller rice mill to perform whitening treatment on the indica brown rice;
purifying the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice to obtain germ-remaining rice;
during the whitening treatment, the grinding process is a three-machine series connection mode, and the whitening pressure ratio of the three machines is (4.8-5.1): (3-2): 1.
optionally, in the step of forming the indica brown rice by screening, hulling and separating rice from rice, the water content of the indica rice is 14.8-15 Wt%, and the embryo remaining rate is not less than 99%.
Optionally, the step of subjecting the indica rice to screening, rice hulling and rice husking in sequence to form indica brown rice comprises:
removing weeds, plant rhizomes and dust light impurities in the indica rice;
removing heavy impurities in the indica rice;
magnetic separation is carried out to remove metal impurities;
removing glumes of the indica rice by using a rice huller;
separating rice from the hulled indica rice to obtain indica brown rice.
Optionally, in the milling treatment of the indica brown rice by using the iron roller rice mill,
the rice milling time of each iron roller rice mill is 15-25 s.
Optionally, in the step of whitening the indica brown rice by using the iron roller rice mill, the rotation speed of the iron roller rice mill is 960-1000 r/min.
Optionally, according to the processing sequence, the rotating speeds of the three machines are 1000r/min, 970r/min and 960r/min in sequence.
Optionally, in the step of milling the brown rice by using the iron-roller rice mill, the iron-roller rice mill has the following process parameters: the included angle between the rice milling ribs and the central line of the rice milling roller is 2-3 degrees, and the clearance of the whitening chamber is 8.6-9.0 mm.
Optionally, the step of purifying the milled indica brown rice to obtain germ-remaining rice comprises:
and sequentially removing stones, magnetically separating and color-separating the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice to obtain germ-remaining rice.
The invention also provides the germ-remaining rice which is prepared by the method for processing the germ-remaining of the long-shaped rice.
Optionally, the embryo remaining rate of the embryo remaining rice is not less than 85%.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the three-machine series light milling treatment method is adopted, and the milling pressure is regulated, so that the indica rice treated by the method can still retain more germs, and the germ-remaining rice prepared by taking the indica rice as a raw material can be obtained, and the germ-remaining rate can reach more than 85%. In addition, compared with the existing method for processing polished round-grained rice, the method disclosed by the invention greatly reduces the energy consumption of the rice mill.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments.
It should be noted that those whose specific conditions are not specified in the examples were performed according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embryo-remaining rate is the percentage of the number of the remaining embryo rice grains in the rice sample. The rice grains are full and fat, the cross section is similar to a circle, the rice grains can bear large grinding force, and the embryo retention rate after refining is high, so the prior rice embryo-keeping processing technology mostly uses the rice as the raw material. However, the taste of polished round-grained rice is different from that of long-grained rice, and for consumers who like long-grained rice, the existing germ-remaining rice cannot meet the requirements of the consumers; in addition, the growth cycle of the polished long-grained nonglutinous rice is long, the energy consumption is high during grinding due to the compact structure of the seeds, and the polished long-grained nonglutinous rice is two or more seasons per year and loose in seed structure, so that the economic benefit is higher if an embryo-preserving processing method of the polished long-grained nonglutinous rice can be developed. However, the rice grains of long and narrow and flat cross sections lead to low embryo remaining rate after refining, and the technology for processing long-shaped rice into embryo remaining rice does not appear at present.
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for processing preserved indica rice, and fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the method for processing preserved indica rice. The method of the invention adopts a three-machine series light milling treatment method and regulates and controls the milling pressure, so that the indica rice treated by the method of the invention can still retain more germs, and not only can obtain embryo-remaining rice prepared by taking the indica rice as a raw material, but also the embryo-remaining rate can reach more than 85 percent. In addition, compared with the existing method for processing polished round-grained rice, the method disclosed by the invention greatly reduces the energy consumption of the rice mill.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for processing preserved indica rice comprises the following steps:
and step S10, screening the indica rice, hulling the rice and separating the rice from the brown rice in sequence to form indica brown rice.
Wherein the water content of the indica rice is 14.8-15 Wt%, and the embryo remaining rate is not less than 99%.
Long-shaped rice has effects of invigorating qi, nourishing yin, moistening dryness, invigorating qi, nourishing heart, nourishing liver, nourishing body, replenishing vital essence, strengthening mind, regulating five internal organs, promoting blood circulation, improving hearing and eyesight, relieving restlessness, quenching thirst, and relieving diarrhea. Long-shaped rice is frequently eaten, and can prevent diabetes and beriberi, eliminate oral inflammation and halitosis, stimulate gastric secretion, facilitate digestion, and promote fat absorption. The yield of the long-shaped rice is higher, usually two or more seasons per year, the planting benefit is better than that of the polished round-grained rice, and the economic benefit is better when the long-shaped rice is used as a raw material for preparing the germ-remaining rice.
Moisture content and germ retention rate of indica rice as a raw material are important factors affecting germ retention processing effects. In the embodiment, indica rice with the water content of 14.8-15 Wt% and the embryo remaining rate of not less than 99% is preferably used as the raw material.
In specific implementation, step S10 may be implemented by the following steps:
s11, removing weeds, plant rhizomes and dust light impurities in the indica rice;
step S12, removing heavy impurities in the indica rice;
step S13, removing metal impurities by magnetic separation;
step S14, hulling the indica rice by using a rice huller;
step S15, rice-husking the hulled indica type rice to obtain indica type brown rice.
The steps S11 and S12 are performed to remove part of light or heavy impurities mixed in the indica rice raw material, and any one of the known impurity removing methods, such as a vibrating screen, an air separation method, etc., may be used in the specific implementation.
In the embodiment, a magnetic separator is adopted to adsorb metal impurities in indica rice.
In addition, the indica rice processed in step S14 includes indica brown rice, chaff, indica rice, etc., and further grain husks are required to be separated, and specifically, the chaff may be removed by using a grain husking sieve or a gravity grain husking machine, etc., using different weights and particle sizes of several components, and the indica brown rice may be collected and re-introduced into a rice huller to remove the chaff.
And step S20, adopting an iron roller rice mill to perform whitening treatment on the indica brown rice. During the whitening treatment, the grinding process is a three-machine series connection mode, and the whitening pressure ratio of the three machines is (4.8-5.1): (3-2): 1.
unlike polished round-grained rice, the polished long-grained rice has loose structure and long and thin rice grains, and has limited milling bearing capacity. This embodiment adopts the iron roll rice mill of three series connection right indica brown rice is done the three and is lightly ground, and the whitening pressure when controlling three and lightly ground simultaneously is according to the processing order, when lightly grinding for the first time, lightly grinding for the second time and lightly grinding for the third time, the whitening pressure ratio that corresponds respectively is (4.8 ~ 5.1): (3-2): 1. therefore, the germ of the long-shaped rice can be well reserved, and the germ-reserving rate of the obtained germ-reserving rice is higher than 85%. In addition, for the conventional polished round-grained rice embryo-protecting processing method, the processing method only needs three machines connected in series and the required whitening pressure is low, so that the energy consumption in the processing process is greatly reduced.
Further, this embodiment controls the process parameters of the rice mill: rice milling time of each iron roller rice mill is 15-25 s; the rotating speed of the iron roller rice mill is 960-1000 r/min; the included angle between the rice milling ribs and the central line of the rice milling roller is 2-3 degrees, and the clearance of the whitening chamber is 8.6-9.0 mm.
Furthermore, the rotation speed of each rice mill may be different, and according to the processing sequence, the rotation speeds corresponding to the first light milling, the second light milling and the third light milling are 1000r/min, 970r/min and 960r/min respectively. The processing degree of adaptation long-shaped rice corresponds adjustment husk rice rotational speed like this, not only can avoid the energy consumption loss, reduces extravagantly, can make the rice embryo keep more complete moreover, reduces the garrulous rice volume.
And step S30, purifying the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice to obtain germ-remaining rice.
In this embodiment, the milled indica brown rice is sequentially subjected to stone removal, magnetic separation and color separation to obtain germ-remaining rice.
In addition, based on the method for processing the preserved indica rice embryo, the invention also provides the germ-preserved rice which can be prepared according to the method for processing the preserved indica rice embryo. Specifically, the indica rice is sequentially screened, hulled and separated to form indica brown rice; then, an iron roller rice mill is adopted to perform whitening treatment on the indica brown rice, and during whitening treatment, the whitening process is performed by connecting three machines in series, and the whitening pressure ratio of the three machines is (4.8-5.1): (3-2): 1; and finally, purifying the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice to obtain the germ-remaining rice.
In this embodiment, the embryo remaining rate of the embryo remaining rice is not less than 85%.
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and drawings, it should be understood that the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
Selecting indica rice with the water content of 15 Wt% and the embryo remaining rate of not less than 99%; winnowing by using an exhaust fan to remove light impurities such as weeds, plant rhizomes and dust in the indica rice; then placing the indica rice in a vibrating screen to remove heavy impurities such as stones, soil blocks and the like mixed in the indica rice; and removing metal impurities in the indica rice by using a magnetic separator. Hulling the screened and impurity-removed indica rice by using a rice huller, then conveying the milled and impurity-removed indica rice into a rice-husked separation device for rice husking separation so as to obtain indica brown rice, and conveying the separated indica rice into the rice huller for hulling again.
Adopt the iron roll rice mill of three series connection to do three and lightly grind to long-grained brown rice, simultaneously according to the processing order, the whitening pressure ratio that corresponds respectively when controlling light grinding for the first time, light grinding for the second time and light grinding for the third time is 5: 3: 1; the corresponding rotating speeds are 1000r/min, 970r/min and 960r/min in sequence. The rice milling time of each iron roller rice mill is 20 s. Wherein, the rice milling roller of the iron roller rice mill has a diameter of 90mm and a length of 300mm, the rice milling ribs and the central line of the rice milling roller form an included angle of 2 degrees, and the clearance of the whitening chamber is 8.6 mm.
And sequentially carrying out secondary stone removal and secondary magnetic separation on the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice, and then sending the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice into a color selector for color selection to remove glumes, green grains, yellow grains and over-white grains, thus obtaining a finished product of the germ-remaining rice. Through statistics, the embryo retention rate of the embryo-retained rice is 90%, and the broken rice rate is less than 6%.
Example 2
Selecting indica rice with the water content of 14.87Wt percent and the embryo remaining rate of not less than 99 percent; winnowing by using an exhaust fan to remove light impurities such as weeds, plant rhizomes and dust in the indica rice; then placing the indica rice in a vibrating screen to remove heavy impurities such as stones, soil blocks and the like mixed in the indica rice; and removing metal impurities in the indica rice by using a magnetic separator. Hulling the screened and impurity-removed indica rice by using a rice huller, then conveying the milled and impurity-removed indica rice into a rice-husked separation device for rice husking separation so as to obtain indica brown rice, and conveying the separated indica rice into the rice huller for hulling again.
Adopt the iron roll rice mill of three series connection to do three and lightly grind to long-grained brown rice, simultaneously according to the processing order, the whitening pressure ratio that corresponds respectively when controlling light grinding for the first time, light grinding for the second time and light grinding for the third time is 5.1: 2.7: 1; the corresponding rotating speeds are 1000r/min, 980r/min and 980r/min in sequence. The rice milling time of each iron roller rice mill is 22 s. Wherein, the rice milling roller of the iron roller rice mill has a diameter of 90mm and a length of 300mm, the rice milling ribs and the central line of the rice milling roller form an included angle of 2.3 degrees, and the clearance of the whitening chamber is 8.9 mm.
And sequentially carrying out secondary stone removal and secondary magnetic separation on the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice, and then sending the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice into a color selector for color selection to remove glumes, green grains, yellow grains and over-white grains, thus obtaining a finished product of the germ-remaining rice. Through statistics, the embryo retention rate of the embryo-retained rice is 86%, and the broken rice rate is less than 5%.
Example 3
Selecting indica rice with the water content of 15 Wt% and the embryo remaining rate of not less than 99%; winnowing by using an exhaust fan to remove light impurities such as weeds, plant rhizomes and dust in the indica rice; then placing the indica rice in a vibrating screen to remove heavy impurities such as stones, soil blocks and the like mixed in the indica rice; and removing metal impurities in the indica rice by using a magnetic separator. Hulling the screened and impurity-removed indica rice by using a rice huller, then conveying the milled and impurity-removed indica rice into a rice-husked separation device for rice husking separation so as to obtain indica brown rice, and conveying the separated indica rice into the rice huller for hulling again.
Adopt the iron roll rice mill of three series connection to do three and lightly grind to long-grained brown rice, simultaneously according to the processing order, the whitening pressure ratio that corresponds respectively when controlling light grinding for the first time, light grinding for the second time and light grinding for the third time is 4.8: 3: 1; the corresponding rotating speeds are 980r/min, 980r/min and 980r/min in sequence. The rice milling time of each iron roller rice mill is 20 s. Wherein, the rice milling roller of the iron roller rice mill has a diameter of 90mm and a length of 300mm, the rice milling ribs and the central line of the rice milling roller form an included angle of 2.5 degrees, and the clearance of the whitening chamber is 8.8 mm.
And sequentially carrying out secondary stone removal and secondary magnetic separation on the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice, and then sending the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice into a color selector for color selection to remove glumes, green grains, yellow grains and over-white grains, thus obtaining a finished product of the germ-remaining rice. Through statistics, the embryo retention rate of the embryo-retained rice is 88%, and the broken rice rate is less than 5%.
Example 4
Selecting indica rice with the water content of 14.9 Wt% and the embryo remaining rate of not less than 99%; winnowing by using an exhaust fan to remove light impurities such as weeds, plant rhizomes and dust in the indica rice; then placing the indica rice in a vibrating screen to remove heavy impurities such as stones, soil blocks and the like mixed in the indica rice; and removing metal impurities in the indica rice by using a magnetic separator. Hulling the screened and impurity-removed indica rice by using a rice huller, then conveying the milled and impurity-removed indica rice into a rice-husked separation device for rice husking separation so as to obtain indica brown rice, and conveying the separated indica rice into the rice huller for hulling again.
Adopt the iron roll rice mill of three series connection to do three and lightly grind to long-grained brown rice, simultaneously according to the processing order, the whitening pressure ratio that corresponds respectively when controlling light grinding for the first time, light grinding for the second time and light grinding for the third time is 4.9: 2: 1; the corresponding rotating speeds are 960r/min, 960r/min and 960r/min in sequence. The rice milling time of each iron roller rice mill is 25 s. Wherein, the rice milling roller of the iron roller rice mill has a diameter of 90mm and a length of 300mm, the rice milling ribs and the central line of the rice milling roller form an included angle of 3 degrees, and the clearance of the whitening chamber is 8.6 mm.
And sequentially carrying out secondary stone removal and secondary magnetic separation on the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice, and then sending the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice into a color selector for color selection to remove glumes, green grains, yellow grains and over-white grains, thus obtaining a finished product of the germ-remaining rice. Through statistics, the embryo retention rate of the embryo-retained rice is 89%, and the broken rice rate is less than 5%.
Example 5
Selecting indica rice with the water content of 14.8 Wt% and the embryo remaining rate of not less than 99%; winnowing by using an exhaust fan to remove light impurities such as weeds, plant rhizomes and dust in the indica rice; then placing the indica rice in a vibrating screen to remove heavy impurities such as stones, soil blocks and the like mixed in the indica rice; and removing metal impurities in the indica rice by using a magnetic separator. Hulling the screened and impurity-removed indica rice by using a rice huller, then conveying the milled and impurity-removed indica rice into a rice-husked separation device for rice husking separation so as to obtain indica brown rice, and conveying the separated indica rice into the rice huller for hulling again.
Adopt the iron roll rice mill of three series connection to do three and lightly grind to long-grained brown rice, simultaneously according to the processing order, the whitening pressure ratio that corresponds respectively when controlling light grinding for the first time, light grinding for the second time and light grinding for the third time is 5: 2.5: 1; the corresponding rotating speeds are 1000r/min, 1000r/min and 1000r/min in sequence. The rice milling time of each iron roller rice mill is 15 s. Wherein, the rice milling roller of the iron roller rice mill has a diameter of 90mm and a length of 300mm, the rice milling ribs and the central line of the rice milling roller form an included angle of 3 degrees, and the clearance of the whitening chamber is 9.0 mm.
And sequentially carrying out secondary stone removal and secondary magnetic separation on the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice, and then sending the milled and whitened indica-type brown rice into a color selector for color selection to remove glumes, green grains, yellow grains and over-white grains, thus obtaining a finished product of the germ-remaining rice. Through statistics, the embryo retention rate of the embryo-retained rice is 86%, and the broken rice rate is less than 6%.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
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| CN111589495A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-28 | 福建浦之玉米业有限公司 | Processing technology of germ-remaining rice |
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