CN1994570A - Embryo kept rice processing method - Google Patents
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- CN1994570A CN1994570A CN 200610037628 CN200610037628A CN1994570A CN 1994570 A CN1994570 A CN 1994570A CN 200610037628 CN200610037628 CN 200610037628 CN 200610037628 A CN200610037628 A CN 200610037628A CN 1994570 A CN1994570 A CN 1994570A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing blank rice, wherein it comprises that: using unpolished rice as material; purifying into pure unpolished rice; rolling, finishing and obtaining the unpacked unpolished rice at 80% unpolished rate; magnetically selecting, metering, and packing to obtain the market unpolished rice, while the rice outlet rate is 74-75%. The invention can improve the rice transfer rate, save energy consumption, and improve benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible rice, relate in particular to rice with remained germ, be in particular the processing method of rice with remained germ, belong to rice industry processing technique field.
Background technology
Embryo is positioned at the outside of belly base portion of brown rice (caryopsis), and its quality accounts for 2.5～3.0% of brown rice quality.Organizing of embryo is comparatively loose, and it is connected very not tight with endosperm.When milling in the whitening chamber of the grain of rice at rice mill, be subjected to whitening pressure and produce to grind and cut, rub from effect, peel off cortex.When whitening pressure greater than the intensity of embryo (referring to that embryo bears the fracture ability of size of pressure or shearing) during less than the adhesion of embryo and endosperm, embryo can partly pulverize; When whitening pressure during greater than the adhesion of embryo and endosperm, embryo can all peel off.Go out in the machine-processed rice, embryo all comes off, and is called the no embryo grain of rice; Leave embryo, no matter what stay all belong to the rice with remained germ grain, complete a plurality of processing varieties such as embryo, hemiembryo, flat embryo, residual embryo are specifically arranged again.
Usually, people are referred to as plumule rice to rice with remained germ again, mean that rate of kernels with remained germ is at the rice more than 80%.Rate of kernels with remained germ is meant that rice with remained germ grain in the rice sample accounts for the percentage of sample grain number.Rate of kernels with remained germ and rice processing accuracy are negative correlation, and machining accuracy is high more, and rate of kernels with remained germ is low more, until reducing to zero.After machining accuracy was determined, the processing quality of brown rice, the performance of rice mill and the factors such as combination, technological parameter, operational administrative of grinding journey had determined the height of rate of kernels with remained germ.It is more than 80% that Japan defines the embryo storage rate, meets the rice of rice classification standard.
Though " GB 1354-86 rice " do not do requirement to the rate of kernels with remained germ of rice, in the industry still the reference index of rate of kernels with remained germ as the evaluation precision of rice.In recent years, the machining accuracy of commercially available rice is much higher than highest ranking in the GB---the top grade rice stay the skin degree, mostly reach outlet two meters high of spies' or even special one meter.On the rice market in economically developed city, the overwhelming majority is that brown rice goes out about 83.5% (in polished rice, as follows) of white rate through the correct grinding glazing rice of brute force polishing, and rate of kernels with remained germ is almost nil.Grind one meter of system mark according to a conventional method, rate of kernels with remained germ≤20%.
People discover in recent years: can grow up to new individuality behind the embryo germination, it is great-hearted tissue, though the quality of embryo only accounts for the seldom part of grain of rice quality, it is rich in the required nutrient of life movement and a lot of bioactive ingredients, is the elite place of rice.Therefore, increasing unit development rice with remained germ is arranged both at home and abroad, but be unrealized so far industrialization, commercialization.Tracing it to its cause, mainly is that large-scale production is difficult to reach the qualitative index of rate of kernels with remained germ more than 80%.
Summary of the invention
A kind of processing method that the purpose of this invention is to provide rice with remained germ, the rice with remained germ that adopts this method can large-scale production to go out to be of high nutritive value.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The processing method of rice with remained germ, it is characterized in that: with round-grained rice brown rice for processing raw material, form clean brown rice through the cleaning and Purification operation, and then pass through pearling processing, finished product arranging process acquisition rate of kernels with remained germ at the rice with remained germ in bulk more than 80%, at last, rice with remained germ in bulk passes through magnetic separation, metering and packaging process again, can form commercially available rice with remained germ.
Further, in the processing method of above-mentioned edible rice with remained germ, described cleaning and Purification operation comprises density separation, photoelectric color choosing, magnetic separation and selection by winnowing step.
Again further, in the processing method of above-mentioned rice with remained germ, the choosing of described photoelectric color comprises once sorting with secondary and sorts two procedures.
Again further, in the processing method of above-mentioned rice with remained germ, described pearling treatment process adopts the iron roll jet-air rice polisher, and grinding journey is the series connection of 4 machines, is 6: 4: 2 according to the ratio of the whitening pressure of 4 rice mills of processing sequence: 1.
Again further, in the processing method of above-mentioned rice with remained germ, described metering and packaging process adopt the high density polyethylene (HDPE) bag, vacuumize the inner wrapping that is packaged into 2.5～5kg/ bag; Or inner bag adopt subsidiary from attach together the Polythene Bag of putting, outer bag adopts a common polythene bag to carry out double casing, forming the rice with remained germ net weight is the inner wrapping of 2.5～5kg/ bag.
Further, in the processing method of above-mentioned rice with remained germ, as the round-grained rice brown rice that processes raw material, moisture within 15～15.3Wt% scope, the percentage of head rice of embryo 〉=98%.
The invention provides a kind of large-scale method for producing of rice with remained germ, reliable, the easily enforcement of this method process route, the rate of kernels with remained germ of the rice with remained germ that is processed into is stabilized in more than 80%, amounts to the paddy rice milling yield about 74～75%.Compared with prior art, positive effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in:
(1) produces the conversion ratio that rice with remained germ can improve rice.Is example to mark a rice with remained germ with correct grinding glazing rice, and brown rice goes out the rice rate and improves approximately 8%, is folded to paddy and improves about 6.5%.China's year rice consumption figure is about 1.4 hundred million tons, and about 1.8 hundred million tons of year consumption paddy if 20% output (2,800 ten thousand tons) processing rice with remained germ is arranged, can increase by 2,340,000 tons of staple food rice product.By 0.5 ton of per mu yield paddy, 0.35 ton of rice of output, be equivalent to the quantum of output in 6,680,000 mu of good farmlands.As seen, the present invention can improve the effective supply of rice;
(2) produce rice with remained germ and can save the husk rice energy consumption.Processing correct grinding glazing rice, the energy consumption that brown rice goes out rice is 45～55KWh, and the energy consumption of processing mark one rice with remained germ is about 15KWh, the ton rice can save energy 30～40KWh.Say on the macroscopic view,, can save energy 8.4 * 10 if the nationwide still has 20% amount to be processed into rice with remained germ
8～1.12 * 10
9KWh; Say on the microcosmic that a rice-hulling mill of producing ten thousand tons per year also calculates by the output of 20% rice with remained germ, can energy-conservation 60000～80000KWh.With 0.80 yuan of calculating of every KWh electricity charge, can reduce production costs 48000.00～64000.00 yuan;
(3) enterprise's processing rice with remained germ can increase considerably income.At present, the producer price of rice with remained germ is about 5600.00 yuan/ton, 2800.00 yuan/ton of correct grinding rice producer prices, and 1 times of increasing degree, this is for the medium scale rice factory of year processing capacity about 2000 tons, can new returns 5,600,000 yuan.Produce after the rice with remained germ, rice milling yield improves the 110Kg/ ton in addition, and the price of rice deducts about 4.50 yuan of the every Kg of rice bran price difference, processes 1 ton of rice with remained germ and can increase income 500 yuan, and 2000 tons of rice with remained germ can increase income 1,000,000 yuan.Two totals, 6,600,000 yuan of annual increase incomes, economic benefit is very considerable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a cleaning and Purification operation process schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
The rice embryo is a kind of advantageous natural nutrition source, is again a rare bioactive ingredients treasure-house.In the Japan and the U.S., a rice indusium is called " long-lived plain ", " longevity factor ", and as the elderly's " strong brain and enhancing fitness food ", rice embryo oil is used as " the strong food " that improves sportsman's endurance, explosive force, sensitivity.Discover:
Rice contains protein 23～25% in the embryo, is 3～3.5 times of protein content in the polished rice.The essential amino acid of rice embryo protein is formed and is better than rice protein greatly, particularly lysine, threonine content height (first, second that this two seed amino acid is a rice protein placed restrictions on amino acid), as aminoacid ingredient (AAS) in the polished rice albumen is 52, and is 95 in the rice embryo protein.Therefore, the biological value of rice embryo protein near meat albumen, egg white and defatted milk protein.
Lipid content 22～28% in the rice embryo is 50～70 times of highed milled rice lipid content.Rice embryo oil is a kind of functional grease, contains oleic acid 35.7%, linoleic acid 39.4%, leukotrienes 3.09%, unrighted acid is up to 78.19%, essential fatty acid is up to 42.49%, and oleic acid and linoleic ratio is 1: 1.1, approaches 1: 1 idealized model.Contain V in the rice embryo oil
E(tocopherol, triolefin tocopherol) 203.20mg/100g, oryzanol 1.0mg/100g, phosphatidase 10 .7～1.0mg/100g, plant stays alcohol 2.5～4.5%.V in the rice embryo oil
EStay the alcohol coexistence with oryzanol, plant, the physiological action of its combined state is very desirable.The natural compound V of 7mg in the rice embryo
EActivity, foot and the synthetic V of 200g
EQuite.Japan processes capsule and pill with rice embryo oil, and goods are called " Mi Shoujing " (Mi Shou is 88 years old long-lived meaning) in Japanese.
Rice can utilize carbohydrate 39.41% in the embryo, and is not starch-containing, in the polished rice starch-containing about 77%; Dietary fiber 7%～10% in the rice embryo, polished rice is 1.8%～2.08%; The vitamin of rice embryo and the content of mineral matter element are much higher than polished rice, shown in table 1, table 2; And the Se content of rice embryo also is higher than polished rice far away.Certainly, the content of ashes of rice embryo will be higher than polished rice, and the ash content of rice embryo is about 7.8%, and the ash content of polished rice is about 0.5%.
Table 1: the vitamin content contrast of rice embryo and polished rice
(unit: mg/100g)
| Kind | The rice embryo | Polished rice |
| V A | 0.13 | Do not detect |
| V C | 2.5～3 | 0.02 |
| V D | 0.016 | Do not detect |
| V E | 87.3 | Trace |
| V B1 | 4.5～7.6 | Trace～0.18 |
| V B2 | 1.5～9.9 | 0.8～2.6 |
| V B5 | 0.3～1.3 | 0.34～0.77 |
| V B6 | 1.5～1.6 | 0.04～0.62 |
| V B12 | 0.0011 | 0.0001 |
| V K | 0.36 | Do not detect |
| Folic acid | 0.09 | 0.006～0.016 |
| V H(biotin) | 0.026～0.058 | 0.0005～0.007 |
| The Δ inositol | 372.5～470 | 10～12.5 |
| The Δ choline | 203.1 | Trace |
| The Δ beta carotene | 5.88 | Do not detect |
| P-aminobenzoic acid | 0.1 | Do not detect |
Annotate: the person that has the Δ belongs to bioactive ingredients.
Table 2: the mineral matter element content contrast of rice embryo and polished rice
(unit: mg/100g)
| Element | The rice embryo | Polished rice |
| Calcium | 51～275 | 4.6～38.5 |
| Potassium | 380～2150 | 14～120 |
| Sodium | 24 | 2.2～5.1 |
| Phosphorus | 210 | 111～185 |
| Iron | 11～49 | 0.2～2.7 |
| Magnesium | 600～1530 | 17～76 |
| Manganese | 12～14 | 1.0～3.3 |
| Zinc | 10～30 | 0.3～21 |
| Iodine | 13 | 0.18～1.36 |
| Chlorine | 152 | 16.3～23.9 |
| Silicon | 56～190 | 14.0～37.0 |
The bioactive ingredients that is rich in the rice embryo has tens of kinds more than, mainly contain: r-aminobutyric acid (25～50mg/100g), glutathione (110～120mg/100g), forulic acid, phytic acid (inositol hexaphosphate), triterpene alcohol, 23,25,26,28,30 alkanols, squalene, phosphatide (1%～1.5%), this polyacid, plant stays alcohol and ergot to stay alcohol (V
DThe source), glycolipid, glycosphingolipid, phenol alkene class biological, nucleic acid class biological, oryzanol, V
E(tocopherol, triolefin tocopherol), beta carotene, chlorophyll, lutein, glutamate decarboxylase, lipoic acid (coenzyme), nuclease, phytase, riboflavinase (V
B2Be the coenzyme of L-lysyl oxidase), glutathione peroxidase, hydrogen peroxide glutathione peroxidase isoreactivity enzyme.
The rice embryo has excellent physiologically active: a) warp is that anti-ageing animal model carries out anti-ageing experiment with fruit bat, when allocating meter embryo nutrition beverage 5% in the test group culture medium into, compare with control group, can make the average life span significant prolongation of fruit bat---male prolongation 11.6% (P＜0.01); Female prolongation 7.4% (P＜0.01), the property vigor significantly improves---and the mating number increases by 32.3% (＜0.05), and the food number increases by 18.4%; B) feed around the SD kind is male rat, test group can promote the growing animal growth, and its effect is significantly higher than nursing infant's powder, similar Fu Limei.The protein of rice embryo nutrition beverage is tired and is significantly higher than Fu Limei and nursing infant's powder, is a kind of high-quality egg source, and rice embryo nutrition beverage and Fu Limei, nursing infant's powder are the same, can keep hemoglobin serum total protein and albuminous normal amount.
The present invention proposes a kind of method of large-scale production rice with remained germ; its technological process as shown in Figure 1; that is: with round-grained rice brown rice for processing raw material; form clean brown rice through the cleaning and Purification operation; and then pass through pearling processing, finished product arranging process acquisition rate of kernels with remained germ at the rice with remained germ in bulk more than 80%; at last, rice with remained germ in bulk passes through magnetic separation, metering and packaging process again, can form commercially available edible rice with remained germ.Wherein, select rough treatment process as shown in Figure 2, comprise density separation, photoelectric color choosing, magnetic separation and four steps of selection by winnowing; Described photoelectric color selects step to comprise mostly once to sort with secondary and sorts two procedures.
During concrete enforcement, the present invention can be divided into following process:
1, the selection of raw grain brown rice
Select for use when the round-grained rice brown rice of producing per year that meets " GB 1350-1999 paddy ", " GB/T 17891-1999 high quality paddy " processing, require when producing moisture 15%～15.3%, the percentage of head rice of embryo 〉=98% per year, granule size is even, grain matter transparent (transparent grain 〉=70%), cortex is thin, and aberration is little.Meet " GB 2715-2005 grain sanitary standard ".
2, the cleaning and Purification of brown rice
Brown rice is through density separation, photoelectric color choosing, magnetic separation, selection by winnowing cleaning and Purification, remove heterochromatic stone shoulder to shoulder and light-duty impurity such as other particle weeds (paddy kernel, barnyard grass, weed seed and xenogenesis grain grain etc.), heterochromatic grain (the low-quality grain of rices such as chalk grain, erythema rice, green rice-grain, scab rice, brown rice-grain, yellow rice kernel), magnetic metal thing, husk in the brown rice, go out machine brown rice and meet " clean brown rice " standard (company standard).Used technological equipment is: MGCZ gravity type paddy separator (husk rice common apparatus), photoelectric colour sorter (Japan assistant bamboo SATAKE RNGS588AIS), magnetic separator (TCXT) pipe magnetic separator (grain and oil common apparatus).
3, pearling
Select the iron roll jet-air rice polisher for use, grinding journey is the series connection of 4 machines.Whitening chamber: octagonal; Gap 10mm, sieve aperture are 45 ° of inclined holes, are just having, contrary two kinds of configurations, on the sieve sheet salient point are arranged.Rotating speed 1220r/min.Whitening pressure control: a machine is higher, reduces by the road afterwards, and be 1 as whitening pressure with last rice mill, the whitening pressure of the 1st to the 3rd machine was respectively 6: 4: 2 so.The pressure of pearling is regulated with machine outer (between centers) and is adjusted to the master.The grain of rice is fluidization in whitening chamber.
4, rice arrangement
1st, 2 roads go out machine-processed rice by arrangement, remove stone, remove the chaff powder, go little broken, meter warm laggard 3,4 road rice mills fall, go out machine-processed rice after put in order, pass through " magnetic separation " at last and remove magnetic metal object such as iron filings and enter packing department afterwards.The technological equipment of pearling and rice arrangement can adopt LH5000M husk rice and rice arrangement all-in-one (Korea S produces, and parts such as formula density stone remover, screening machine are blown in the double roll rice polisher combination, and home-made machine is developed).
5, metering packing
Rice with remained germ is because of keeping embryo, and under the condition that temperature, moisture suit, microorganism breeds easily, and therefore the easy oxidation of lipid is advisable with the inner wrapping of 2.5Kg/ bag～5Kg/ bag.Can select the high density polyethylene (HDPE) bag during enforcement for use, vacuumize packing; Perhaps inner bag attaches together the Polythene Bag bag of putting, overcoat common polythene, double casing certainly with band.
Successful implementation large-scale production rice with remained germ of the present invention, and realize that commercialization, gained rice with remained germ belong to the Nutritive Rice of the processing of enforcing the law in the usefulness, have kept the institute's nutrient containing and the bioactive ingredients of meter embryo more than 80%.According to Japanese document announcement, be benchmark with the nutrient content in the polished rice, the V in the rice with remained germ
B1Be 2.9 times, V
BBe that 21.5 times, nicotinic acid are 2.6 times, V
B5(pantothenic acid) is 1.5 times, V
B6Be 1.8 times, V
EBe that 5 times, manganese are that 2.2 times, iron are that 1.1 times, calcium are that 1.1 times, folic acid are that 1.5 times, phosphorus are that 1.6 times, r-aminobutyric acid are 5～7 times.With rice with remained germ and the polished rice that same kind raw material processing obtains, its nutrient content contrast situation is as shown in table 3.
Table 3: the nutrient content contrast of rice with remained germ and polished rice
| Nutrient | Rice with remained germ | Polished rice |
| Moisture % | 15.5 | 15.5 |
| Crude protein % | 6.3 | 6.2 |
| Lipid % | 1.1 | 0.8 |
| Crude fibre % | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Ash content % | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Can utilize carbohydrate % | 76.2 | 76.6 |
| V B1 mg/100g | 0.29 | 0.09 |
| V B2 mg/100g | 0.08 | 0.03 |
| V E mg/100g | 1.6 | Do not detect |
As seen, the nutrient of rice with remained germ and physiologically active ingredient content are better than the polished rice with the processing of veriety paddy.Rice with remained germ can be divided into mark two, mark one, the several grades of top grade, compares aleurone, inferior aleurone that it has also kept the part pericarp, has planted the skin and the overwhelming majority with polished rice, these compositions also enrichment the nutrient of rice (except the starch) and bioactive ingredients.
The method of cooking of rice with remained germ is: before the cooking, soaked after the rice with remained germ rinsing 1～2 hour, also available warm water (50 ℃～60 ℃) soaked about 30 minutes.Immersion can make r-aminobutyric acid enrichment (glutamic acid generates the r-aminobutyric acid under the effect of glutamate decarboxylase), and simultaneously, organized enzyme is activated, discharges, and promotes substrate that slight degraded takes place, and is beneficial to material and transforms and increment.The amount of water that it should be noted that rice with remained germ generally increases about 10% than bigger with the polished rice of kind rice processing.Rice with the rice with remained germ cooking has glossy reflecting feel, and it is soft to eat mouth, and food flavor is good.Test shows, long-term edible rice with remained germ, Human Physiology is regulated useful effective, can reduce serum cholesterol, softening blood vessel, prevention coronary heart disease, diabetes, inhibition obesity, disease there are good action, and help to improve and remove free radical, delaying cell aging, activation brain function, prevent sufferer such as senile dementia.
Claims (6)
1. the processing method of rice with remained germ, it is characterized in that: with round-grained rice brown rice for processing raw material, form clean brown rice through the cleaning and Purification operation, and then pass through pearling processing, finished product arranging process acquisition rate of kernels with remained germ at the rice with remained germ in bulk more than 80%, at last, rice with remained germ in bulk passes through magnetic separation, metering and packaging process again, can form commercially available edible rice with remained germ.
2. the processing method of rice with remained germ according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cleaning and Purification operation comprises density separation, photoelectric color choosing, magnetic separation and selection by winnowing step.
3. the processing method of rice with remained germ according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described photoelectric color choosing comprises once sorting with secondary and sorts two procedures.
4. the processing method of rice with remained germ according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pearling treatment process adopts the iron roll jet-air rice polisher, and grinding journey is the series connection of 4 machines, is 6: 4: 2 according to the ratio of the whitening pressure of 4 rice mills of processing sequence: 1.
5. the processing method of rice with remained germ according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described metering and packaging process adopt the high density polyethylene (HDPE) bag, vacuumize the inner wrapping that is packaged into 2.5～5kg/ bag; Or inner bag adopt subsidiary from attach together the Polythene Bag of putting, outer bag adopts a common polythene bag to carry out double casing, forming the rice with remained germ net weight is the inner wrapping of 2.5～5kg/ bag.
6. the processing method of rice with remained germ according to claim 1 is characterized in that: as the round-grained rice brown rice that processes raw material, moisture keeps percentage of head rice 〉=98% of embryo within 15～15.3Wt% scope.
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| CN101486005B (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2011-04-27 | 辽宁兴诺米业有限责任公司 | Technique for processing millet with remained germ |
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| CN106269021A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-04 | 贵州廻龙溪绿色食品有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of flour |
| CN106387642A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-15 | 东莞市新泰粮食有限公司 | Small granular rice and production technology thereof |
| CN106881171A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-23 | 国粮武汉科学研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of method of the coproduction processing of rice with remained germ and many grade rice |
| CN110496662A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-26 | 武汉轻工大学 | A kind of long-grained nonglutinous rice protects embryo processing method and rice with remained germ |
| CN110496662B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-07-23 | 武汉轻工大学 | Long-shaped rice embryo-preserving processing method and embryo-preserved rice |
| CN114289095A (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2022-04-08 | 誉港饲料(广东)有限公司 | Rice processing method |
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