CN110496537A - A kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation system - Google Patents
A kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110496537A CN110496537A CN201810482108.7A CN201810482108A CN110496537A CN 110496537 A CN110496537 A CN 110496537A CN 201810482108 A CN201810482108 A CN 201810482108A CN 110496537 A CN110496537 A CN 110496537A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/364—Membrane distillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/366—Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/447—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by membrane distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/162—Use of acids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/164—Use of bases
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation systems, comprising: constant temperature water tank 4, heat pump heat exchanging unit, solar energy heating unit, membrane distillation unit, produce water collector unit and chemical cleaning unit, wherein the solar energy heating unit is set as the material liquid by way of indirect heating in heated constant temperature water tank 4.Solar heat pump membrane distillation system of the invention improves membrane distillation utilization efficiency of heat energy, and heat loss is small, and cooling water amount is few；Membrane flux is higher, and stable and operating cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of membrane separation, especially film distillation technology field, and in particular to a kind of solar heat pump
Membrane distillation system.
Background technique
Film distillation technology is a kind of novel membrane separation technique, which uses hydrophobic porous film by feed side (hot side)
It is separated with through side (cold side), in film two sides under the action of steam pressure difference, the volatile component in feed liquid penetrates in vapour form
Fenestra, other components are then blocked in hot side by hydrophobic film, to realize mixture purification or separation.Film distillation technology salt rejection rate
Height, producing water water quality is good, and concentration process is not limited by film two sides osmotic pressure, and cycles of concentration is high, can be widely applied to seawater, hardship
Salt water desalting and Industrial Wastewater Treatment etc..Main problem existing for film distillation technology industrial application is membrane distillation process at present
Energy consumption is larger, when not having industrial waste heat as heat source heating, will lead to membrane distillation mistake only with modes such as traditional electric heating
The energy consumption and operating cost of journey are excessively high.
Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible clean energy resource, China's solar energy resources very abundant, about 2/3rds state
For native sunshine hour in area year number at 2200 hours or more, annual radiant all quality was averagely greater than 5900MJ/m2, in addition to the Sichuan Basin, I
The solar radiation quantity in the most areas of state is higher than external same latitude other countries.Solar energy optical-thermal is a kind of absorption solar energy spoke
The technology of thermal energy is penetrated and converts solar energy into, China's solar thermal utilization is based on domestic hot-water at present, in recent years, with right
Solar energy optical-thermal research is gradually goed deep into, and solar energy heat utilization is gradually to solar heating, refrigeration, sea water desalination and other works
Agriculture field extension.Solar groove type heat collector is to utilize groove type paraboloid condenser by solar light focusing to thermal-collecting tube, thermal-arrest
Pipe absorbs solar radiation and heats intraductal working medium.Since membrane distillation process is not required to material liquid being heated to boiling point, usually operation is warm
Degree is at 60~90 DEG C, and solar groove type heat collection technology can satisfy film steaming by heating and temperature control between 60~95 DEG C
The needs of technical operation are evaporated, and temperature-adjustable provides and stablizes heat source, it is very fast for the heating of heating film distillating material liquid, it does not generate
Secondary pollution and substantially reduce operating cost.
Heat pump is to absorb heat by consuming a small amount of high-grade energy (such as electric energy) from low-temperature heat source and be transformed into high temperature heat
Device.According to working principle, can be divided into steam compression heat pump, absorption heat pump, steam jet heat pump, chemical heat pump,
Thermoelectric heatpump etc..By heat pump techniques in conjunction with membrane distillation, the heat during membrane distillation can be recycled, improve conventional film distillation process
The problem that energy consumption is higher, capacity usage ratio is lower.
Patent CN105749752A discloses a kind of photo-thermal type solar heat pump distillation device.The device is plate direct
Contact membrane component, thermal energy needed for providing membrane component using flat or electron tubes type solar thermal collector use
Heat pump provides cold energy for the condensed water side of membrane component, and in solar illuminating deficiency, auxiliary provides thermal energy.Used in the device
Electron tubes type solar thermal collector is not adjustable temperature, and whole day heating temperature is larger with solar radiation variations, fair weather too
Sun radiates the maximum heating temperature i.e. membrane distillation required temperature that the most strong period reaches and is only capable of lasting 1~2h, it is difficult to meet at waste water
The needs of the stable operations such as reason；Used direct contact membrane distillation device heat waste is larger, and the thermal efficiency is not high；Plate membrane filling
Rate is low, needs additional supporting layer, and structure is complicated, is unsuitable for industrial applications.
Patent CN104261608A discloses a kind of solar membrane distillation method for desalting seawater.This method is filled with solar energy heating
It sets as driving heat source, the membrane component filled using a kind of hollow-fibre membrane and the doughnut condenser pipe submission system of miscoding,
The condensation of steam and the recycling of hot material liquid evaporative phase-change heat are realized inside membrane module.This method is only with solar energy heating mode
Heat source is provided, it is lower or system is unable to operate normally when without solar radiation in solar radiation；Membrane module prepares more complex, fouling membrane
Membrane module is not easy cleaning and replacement afterwards.
Patent CN103663590A discloses a kind of vacuum membrane distillation sewage-treatment plant that can recycle heat.The device will
Heat pump is in conjunction with membrane component, using electric heater heating sewage, the heat distributed using refrigerant-recovery water vapour phase transformation,
And it is used to the sewage in heating evaporation device to achieve the effect that heat recovery and utilization.The device use Electric heating energy consumption compared with
Greatly, effective membrane area of the cylindrical membrane tube of use is little, and membrane flux is lower.
Therefore, presently, there are the problem of be badly in need of develop a kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation system, which is able to solve
Energy consumption height that the prior art is encountered, fluctuation of service, the problems such as heat loss is big and membrane flux is low.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the above shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a kind of solar heat pumping diaphragms
Distallation systm.The system provides material liquid heat source using solar groove type heat collector and heat pump system, can be by material liquid liter
To membrane distillation process required temperature, heating is very fast, and temperature-adjustable provides and stablizes heat source.By heat pump system and membrane distillation system
It combines, sufficiently recycles the heating of membrane distillation water steam phase, assist solar energy as raw water heat source, improve membrane distillation thermal energy
Utilization efficiency.The vacuum membrane distillation device heat loss of use is small, and membrane flux is higher.Moreover, compared with existing distillation device, this
Solar energy, heat pump in conjunction with membrane distillation system, are significantly reduced the energy consumption during membrane distillation by invention, have sufficiently recycled film steaming
Heat during evaporating significantly reduces membrane distillation operating cost, specifically provides a kind of temperature-adjustable and provides and stablizes heat
The solar groove type heat collector in source can satisfy the needs of wastewater treatment stable operation.
For this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation systems comprising: constant temperature water tank 4, heat pump heat exchanging list
Member, solar energy heating unit, membrane distillation unit produce water collector unit and chemical cleaning unit, wherein the solar energy heating list
Member is set as the material liquid by way of indirect heating in heated constant temperature water tank 4, it is preferable that the material liquid is raw water.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the heat pump heat exchanging unit include heat pump 8 and heat exchange
Device 3, the cold feed side connection raw water charging of the heat exchanger 3, the cold exit side of the heat exchanger 3 includes two outlets, wherein
The feed inlet of first outlet and raw water box 1 passes through pipe by piping connection, the first import of second outlet and the constant temperature water tank 4
Road connection；The cold feed of the heat pump 8 is surveyed with the first outlet of the constant temperature water tank 4 through piping connection, the heat pump 8 it is cold
First import of exit side and the constant temperature water tank 4 passes through piping connection；The hot feed side of the heat pump 8 and membrane distillation unit
Steam (vapor) outlet passes through piping connection by piping connection, the hot exit side of the heat pump 8 and the hot feed side of the heat exchanger 3,
The hot exit side and production water collector unit of the heat exchanger 3 pass through piping connection.
The raw water of solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the cold exit side of the heat exchanger 3 is divided into
Two strands, first burst of logistics returns to the raw water box 1 by first outlet, and second burst of logistics enters the constant temperature by second outlet
Water tank 4.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, when the raw water amount in the constant temperature water tank 4 reaches setting value,
The amount of second burst of logistics is 0, and the raw water of the cold exit side of the heat exchanger 3 is completely formed first burst of logistics, returns to raw water
Case 1.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, first burst of logistics is constantly recycled back into raw water box 1, is formed
One cyclic process.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the heat exchanger 3 are corrosion-resistance heat exchanger.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the heat exchanger 3 is board-like or annular tube type heat exchanger.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the solar energy heating unit includes solar energy heating
Device 15, boiler 16, cold water storage cistern 13 and water circulating pump 14；The outlet of the solar thermal collector 15 and the boiler 16 into
Mouth passes through piping connection, institute with the heat medium import of the constant temperature water tank 4 by piping connection, the outlet of the boiler 16
The import for stating the Crude product input and the cold water storage cistern 13 of constant temperature water tank 4 passes through piping connection, the outlet of the cold water storage cistern 13
Import with the water circulating pump 14 passes through piping connection, the outlet of the water circulating pump 14 and the import of solar thermal collector 15
Pass through piping connection；Preferably, isothermal holding is carried out to the boiler 16.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the solar thermal collector 15 are solar groove type collection
Hot device.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the solar thermal collector 15 includes thermal-collecting tube, anti-
Penetrate mirror and bracket, wherein on the bracket, the thermal-collecting tube includes metal inner pipe for the thermal-collecting tube and reflecting mirror installation
And outer glass tube.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the cavity between the metal inner pipe and the outer glass tube is taken out
Vacuum.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the face type of the reflecting mirror are paraboloid.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the membrane distillation unit include feed liquid circulation pump 5, protect
Pacify filter 6 and membrane component 7；The feed inlet of the feed liquid circulation pump 5 and the second outlet of the constant temperature water tank 4 pass through pipe
Road connection, the discharge port of the feed liquid circulation pump 5 and the feed inlet of the cartridge filter 6 pass through piping connection, the security personnel
By piping connection, the exit side of membrane component 7 includes for the discharge port of filter 6 and the feed inlet of the membrane component 7
The hot feed side of steam (vapor) outlet and dope outlet, the steam (vapor) outlet and the heat pump 8 passes through piping connection, the dope outlet
The second import with the constant temperature water tank 4 passes through piping connection.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the membrane component 7 include hollow fiber form film
Distill component and tubular type membrane component.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the membrane material of the membrane component 7 be selected from Kynoar,
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polypropylene.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the production water collector unit include water cooler 9, parallel connection
At least two vacuum tanks 10,11, water producing tank 12；The hot exit side of the import of the water cooler 9 and the heat exchanger 3 passes through pipe
Road connection, the outlet of the water cooler 9 pass through piping connection with the entrance of the vacuum tank 10,11, the vacuum tank 10,11
Outlet and the import of the water producing tank 12 pass through piping connection.
Solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to the present invention, the chemical cleaning unit include that chemical cleaning solution holds
Device 17, chemical cleaning pump 18, the outlet of the chemical cleaning liquid container 17 and the entrance of the chemical cleaning pump 18 pass through pipeline
Connection, the outlet of the chemical cleaning pump 18 pass through piping connection, the chemical cleaning with the feed inlet of the membrane component 7
The outlet of the dope of the import of liquid container 17 and the membrane component 7 passes through piping connection.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the chemical cleaning liquid container 17 includes acid liquor container, lye
Container and fresh water container.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) material liquid is heated using solar groove type heat collector, compares single use electric heating, energy can be greatly reduced
Consumption.
(2) compared with electron tubes type solar thermal collector, solar groove type heat collector be it is light collecting, can high power assemble the sun
Light, heating is very fast, and temperature-adjustable, provides stable heat source, meets the needs of wastewater treatment stable operation, is suitable for industry
Change application.
(3) it by heat pump in conjunction with distillation device, while realizing the high efficiente callback of membrane distillation water steam phase heating, reduces
Circulating cooling water consumption, improves membrane distillation utilization efficiency of heat energy.
(4) small using vacuum membrane distillation device heat loss, membrane flux is higher.
(5) waste water is handled using solar heat pump membrane distillation system of the invention, realizes membrane distillation system substantially and adds certainly
Heat pattern operation, level of integrated system is higher, and operating cost is greatly reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is solar heat pump membrane distillation system schematic of the present invention；Wherein,
1- raw water box；2- raw water pump；3- heat exchanger；4- constant temperature water tank；5- feed liquid circulation pump；6- cartridge filter；7- film
Distill component；8- heat pump；9- water cooler；10 and 11- vacuum tank；12- water producing tank；13- cold water storage cistern；14- water circulating pump；15- is too
Positive energy heat collector；16- boiler；17- chemical cleaning liquid container；18- chemical cleaning pump；19- vacuum pump；
1. raw water；2. dope；3. steam；4. hot water；5. cold water.
Specific embodiment
To keep the present invention easier to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail, these embodiments are only
Serve illustrative, it is not limited to application range of the invention.
In view of existing distillation device there are energy consumption height, fluctuation of service, heat loss is big and the technologies such as membrane flux is low are asked
Topic, the present inventor have found after study, provide material liquid heating heat using solar groove type heat collector and heat pump system
Material liquid can be risen to membrane distillation process required temperature by source, and heating is very fast, and temperature-adjustable provides and stablizes heat source.By heat pump
System is combined with membrane distillation system, sufficiently recycles the heating of membrane distillation water steam phase, auxiliary solar energy as raw water heat source,
Improve membrane distillation utilization efficiency of heat energy.The vacuum membrane distillation device heat loss of use is small, and membrane flux is higher.Moreover, by the sun
Can, heat pump in conjunction with membrane distillation system, the energy consumption during membrane distillation is significantly reduced, during sufficiently having recycled membrane distillation
Heat, significantly reduces membrane distillation operating cost, and the present invention is based on what above-mentioned discovery was made.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation systems comprising: constant temperature water tank 4, heat pump heat exchanging list
Member, solar energy heating unit, membrane distillation unit produce water collector unit and chemical cleaning unit, wherein the solar energy heating list
Member is set as the material liquid by way of indirect heating in heated constant temperature water tank 4, it is preferable that the material liquid is raw water.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the heat pump heat exchanging unit includes heat pump 8 and heat exchanger 3, described to change
The cold feed side connection raw water charging of hot device 3, the cold exit side of the heat exchanger 3 include two outlets, wherein first outlet with
The feed inlet of raw water box 1 passes through piping connection by piping connection, the first import of second outlet and the constant temperature water tank 4；Institute
The cold feed for stating heat pump 8 is surveyed with the first outlet of the constant temperature water tank 4 through piping connection, the cold exit side of the heat pump 8 with
First import of the constant temperature water tank 4 passes through piping connection；The hot feed side of the heat pump 8 and the steam (vapor) outlet of membrane distillation unit
By piping connection, the hot feed side of the hot exit side of the heat pump 8 and the heat exchanger 3 passes through piping connection, the heat exchange
The hot exit side and production water collector unit of device 3 pass through piping connection.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, automatically adjusted according to the raw water amount in the constant temperature water tank 4
Enter the raw water amount of the constant temperature water tank 4 by the second outlet that 3 cold side of heat exchanger discharges；If the raw water amount in constant temperature water tank 4
Reach setting value, then raw water does not enter constant temperature water tank 4, all returns to raw water box by the first outlet that 3 cold side of heat exchanger discharges
1；If the raw water amount in constant temperature water tank 4 is lower than setting value, the raw water of the cold exit side of heat exchanger 3 is divided into two strands, first strand of object
Stream returns to the raw water box 1 by first outlet, and second burst of logistics enters the constant temperature water tank 4 by second outlet.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, first burst of logistics is constantly recycled back into raw water box 1, is formed
One cyclic process.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the heat exchanger 3 is corrosion-resistance heat exchanger.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the heat exchanger 3 is board-like or annular tube type heat exchanger.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the solar energy heating unit includes solar thermal collector 15, hot water
Case 16, cold water storage cistern 13 and water circulating pump 14；The outlet of the solar thermal collector 15 and the import of the boiler 16 pass through pipe
Road connection, the outlet of the boiler 16 pass through piping connection, the thermostatted water with the heat medium import of the constant temperature water tank 4
By piping connection, the outlet of the cold water storage cistern 13 is followed with described for the import of the Crude product input of case 4 and the cold water storage cistern 13
The import of ring water pump 14 passes through pipeline by piping connection, the outlet of the water circulating pump 14 and the import of solar thermal collector 15
Connection；Preferably, isothermal holding is carried out to the boiler 16.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the solar thermal collector 15 is solar groove type heat collector.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the solar thermal collector 15 includes thermal-collecting tube, reflecting mirror and bracket,
Wherein, on the bracket, the thermal-collecting tube includes metal inner pipe and outer glass tube for the thermal-collecting tube and reflecting mirror installation.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the cavity between the metal inner pipe and the outer glass tube is taken out
Vacuum.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the face type of the reflecting mirror is paraboloid.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the membrane distillation unit includes that feed liquid circulation pumps 5, cartridge filter 6
With membrane component 7；The feed inlet of the feed liquid circulation pump 5 and the second outlet of the constant temperature water tank 4 pass through piping connection, institute
The feed inlet of the discharge port and the cartridge filter 6 of stating feed liquid circulation pump 5 passes through piping connection, the cartridge filter 6
The feed inlet of discharge port and the membrane component 7 by piping connection, the exit side of membrane component 7 include steam (vapor) outlet and
The hot feed side of dope outlet, the steam (vapor) outlet and the heat pump 8 passes through piping connection, the dope outlet and the constant temperature
Second import of water tank 4 passes through piping connection.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the membrane component 7 include hollow fiber form membrane component and
Tubular type membrane component.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the membrane material of the membrane component 7 be selected from Kynoar,
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polypropylene.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the water collector unit that produces includes water cooler 9, in parallel at least two
Vacuum tank 10,11, water producing tank 12；The hot exit side of the import of the water cooler 9 and the heat exchanger 3 passes through piping connection, institute
The outlet for stating water cooler 9 and the entrance of the vacuum tank 10,11 pass through piping connection, the outlet of the vacuum tank 10,11 and institute
The import for stating water producing tank 12 passes through piping connection.
In above-mentioned solar heat pump membrane distillation system, the chemical cleaning unit includes chemical cleaning liquid container 17, chemistry
Cleaning pump 18, the outlet of the chemical cleaning liquid container 17 and the entrance of the chemical cleaning pump 18 are described by piping connection
The outlet of chemical cleaning pump 18 passes through piping connection, the chemical cleaning liquid container 17 with the feed inlet of the membrane component 7
Import and the membrane component 7 dope outlet pass through piping connection.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the chemical cleaning liquid container 17 includes acid liquor container, lye
Container and fresh water container.
" raw water " of the present invention refers to untreated water, natural water body or water storage water body is derived from, such as ocean, river, lake
Pool, pond or underground aquifers etc.；Or fingering enters the water before water process process.
The course of work of solar heat pump membrane distillation system of the present invention is as follows:
(1) heat pump heat exchanging unit: raw water is pumped into heat exchanger 3 through raw water pump 2 from raw water box 1, the raw water in heat exchanger 3
It exchanges heat with the steam from the hot exit side of heat pump 8；Through heat exchanger 3 preheating after raw water be divided into two bursts of dischargings, wherein one
Raw water box 1 is returned, raw water is preheated, another strand (sets into constant temperature water tank 4 when the raw water amount in constant temperature water tank 4 reaches
Definite value, then raw water does not enter constant temperature water tank 4, all returns to raw water box 1 by the first outlet that 3 cold side of heat exchanger discharges).Film point
Enter heat pump 8 from hot feed side from the steam that unit is isolated, the raw water in constant temperature water tank 4 enters heat pump 8, In from cold feed side
Steam exchanges heat with raw water in heat pump 8, and raw water endothermic temperature returns to constant temperature water tank 4 after increasing, vapor (steam) temperature reduces or part
Enter heat exchanger 3 from the hot feed side of heat exchanger 3 after condensation, further enters after condensation and produce water collector unit.
(2) solar energy heating unit: the cold water in cold water storage cistern 13 enters solar thermal collector 15 by water circulating pump 14
In metal inner pipe, cold water is heated to be hot water and enters in boiler 16 and stores, while the hot water in boiler 16 enters constant temperature
The raw water after the heat exchange of heat pump 8 is further heated in the collet of water tank 4, hot water temperature returns in cold water storage cistern 13 after reducing, and completes
Circulation.The heating temperature of solar thermal collector 15 is controlled by adjusting the flow of cold water, by going out in solar thermal collector 15
Mouth setting temperature sensor adjusts 15 inlet adjustment valve aperture of solar thermal collector, to adjust flow；Tune when outlet temperature is higher
Big flow turns flow down when outlet temperature is relatively low；If regulating valve is tuned to maximum opening, when outlet temperature is still higher, solar energy
Heat collector 15 stops tracking, makes 15 off-target position of solar thermal collector, until outlet temperature is met the requirements.
(3) after the raw water in constant temperature water tank 4 reaches predetermined temperature, security personnel membrane distillation unit: are pumped by feed liquid circulation pump 5
Filter 6 removes particulate matter etc. and is handled into membrane component 7, and the steam that membrane component 7 is isolated enters heat pump
8, the dope that membrane separation assemblies 7 are isolated returns to constant temperature water tank 4；After the concentration of the dope reaches predetermined value, by dope
Crystalline element is sent into be crystallized.
(4) produce water collector unit: the steam that membrane module 7 is isolated is after heat pump 8 and heat exchanger 3 exchange heat, partly or entirely
Condensation produces water subsequently into the formation of vacuum tank 10,11 is entered after water cooler 9 further condensation, produces water under the effect of gravity in tank
Flow to the collection of water producing tank 12.
(5) chemical cleaning unit: when membrane component needs to clean, the cleaning solution in chemical cleaning liquid container 17 is through changing
It learns cleaning pump 18 and is pumped into membrane component 7, the cleaning solution after cleaning flows back to chemical cleaning solution container 17.Chemical cleaning liquid container 17
Including acid liquor container, alkali liquor container and fresh water container；If the ion of the easily fouling such as calcic, magnesium is more in raw water, with pickling
Based on, supplemented by alkali cleaning, then clear water is washed；If more containing organic matter, colloid in raw water, based on alkali cleaning, supplemented by pickling, and
Clear water is washed afterwards.
Test equipment of the present invention and calculation method are as follows:
(1) conductivity: using the WTW conductivity measuring instrument of model Cond 720；
(2) salt rejection rate calculation formula: salt rejection rate=(water inlet conductivity-production water conductivity)/water inlet conductivity.
Embodiment
In 3 class sunshine area city of China, under the conditions of typical summer fair weather, daytime outdoor environment temperature 29-36
DEG C, 25-29 DEG C of night outdoor environment temperature, using certain petroleum chemical enterprise's conductivity be 50000 μ s/cm haline water as raw water, adopt
It is handled with the solar heat pump membrane distillation system of the application.Before bringing into operation, added indirectly using solar thermal collector 15
Pyrogen water, when raw water is heated to temperature 70 C, bring into operation solar heat pump membrane distillation system.In operational process, using heat
The steam latent heat of blowback winder distillation unit steam discharging and the heat source provided using solar thermal collector 15, for supplementing constant temperature
The heat of waste water to be processed, is maintained at the temperature of waste water to be processed under scheduled membrane distillation temperature 70 C in water tank 4, while real
Show membrane distillation and produces the condensation of some or all of water.During system continuous operation, average flux of membrane distillation is 6.5Lm-2·
h-1, produce about 500 μ Scm of water conductivity-1, salt rejection rate reaches 99%, and heat energy recovery utilization rate is about 50%.
It should be noted that embodiment described above for explaining only the invention, is not constituted to of the invention any
Limitation.By referring to exemplary embodiments, invention has been described, it should be appreciated that word used in it is descriptive
With explanatory vocabulary, rather than limited vocabulary.The present invention can be made within the scope of the claims by regulation
Modification, and the present invention is revised in without departing substantially from scope and spirit of the present invention.Although the present invention described in it relates to
And specific method, material and embodiment, it is not intended that the present invention is limited to particular case disclosed in it, on the contrary, this hair
It is bright to can be extended to other all methods and applications with the same function.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation system comprising: constant temperature water tank (4), heat pump heat exchanging unit, solar energy heating list
Member, membrane distillation unit produce water collector unit and chemical cleaning unit, wherein the solar energy heating unit be set as by
Connect the material liquid in the mode heated constant temperature water tank (4) of heating, it is preferable that the material liquid is raw water.
2. solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat pump heat exchanging unit includes
Heat pump (8) and heat exchanger (3)；The cold feed side connection raw water charging of the heat exchanger (3), the cold discharging of the heat exchanger (3)
Side includes two outlets, wherein the feed inlet of first outlet and raw water box (1) passes through piping connection, second outlet and the perseverance
First import of reservoir (4) passes through piping connection；The cold feed of the heat pump (8) surveys first with the constant temperature water tank (4)
Outlet is connected by piping connection, the cold exit side of the heat pump (8) and first import of the constant temperature water tank (4) by pipeline
It connects；By piping connection, the heat of the heat pump (8) goes out for the hot feed side of the heat pump (8) and the steam (vapor) outlet of membrane distillation unit
Expect that the hot feed side of side and the heat exchanger (3) passes through piping connection, the hot exit side and production water of the heat exchanger (3) are collected single
Member passes through piping connection.
3. solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to claim 1 or 2, the heat exchanger (3) is corrosion-resistance heat exchanger；
Preferably, the heat exchanger (3) is board-like or annular tube type heat exchanger.
4. solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the solar energy
Heating unit includes solar thermal collector (15), boiler (16), cold water storage cistern (13) and water circulating pump (14)；The solar energy collection
The outlet of hot device (15) and the import of the boiler (16) pass through piping connection, the outlet and the perseverance of the boiler (16)
The heat medium import of reservoir (4) passes through piping connection, the Crude product input and the cold water storage cistern of the constant temperature water tank (4)
(13) import is connected by piping connection, the outlet of the cold water storage cistern (13) and the import of the water circulating pump (14) by pipeline
It connects, the outlet of the water circulating pump (14) and the import of solar thermal collector (15) pass through piping connection；Preferably, to the heat
Water tank (16) carries out isothermal holding.
5. solar heat pump membrane distillation system described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solar energy
Heat collector (15) is solar groove type heat collector.
6. solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that the solar energy
Heat collector (15) includes thermal-collecting tube, reflecting mirror and bracket, wherein the thermal-collecting tube and the reflecting mirror are mounted on the bracket
On, the thermal-collecting tube includes metal inner pipe and outer glass tube, it is preferable that the chamber between the metal inner pipe and the outer glass tube
Body vacuumizes, and the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror is paraboloid.
7. solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the membrane distillation
Unit includes feed liquid circulation pump (5), cartridge filter (6) and membrane component (7)；The feed inlet of the feed liquid circulation pump (5)
Second outlet with the constant temperature water tank (4) by piping connection, ensured public security with described by the discharge port of the feed liquid circulation pump (5)
The feed inlet of filter (6) by piping connection, the discharge port of the cartridge filter (6) and the membrane component (7) into
Material mouth is by piping connection, and the exit side of membrane component (7) includes that steam (vapor) outlet and dope export, the steam (vapor) outlet and institute
The hot feed side of heat pump (8) is stated by piping connection, the second import of the dope outlet and the constant temperature water tank (4) passes through pipe
Road connection.
8. solar heat pump membrane distillation system described in any one of -7 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the membrane distillation
Component (7) includes hollow fiber form membrane component and tubular type membrane component；Preferably, the film of the membrane component (7)
Material is selected from Kynoar, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polypropylene.
9. solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that the production water is received
Collection unit includes water cooler (9), at least two vacuum tanks (10,11) in parallel, water producing tank (12)；The water cooler (9) into
Mouthful with the hot exit side of the heat exchanger (3) by piping connection, the outlet of the water cooler (9) and the vacuum tank (10,
11) entrance is connected by piping connection, the outlet of the vacuum tank (10,11) and the import of the water producing tank (12) by pipeline
It connects.
10. solar heat pump membrane distillation system according to claim 1 to 9, which is characterized in that the chemistry
Cleaning unit includes chemical cleaning liquid container (17), chemical cleaning pump (18), the outlet of the chemical cleaning liquid container (17) with
The entrance of the chemical cleaning pump (18) passes through piping connection, the outlet and the membrane component of the chemical cleaning pump (18)
(7) feed inlet passes through piping connection, the import of the chemical cleaning liquid container (17) and the dope of the membrane component (7)
Outlet passes through piping connection；Preferably, the chemical cleaning liquid container (17) includes that acid liquor container, alkali liquor container and clear water hold
Device.
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| CN201810482108.7A CN110496537A (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2018-05-18 | A kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation system |
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| CN201810482108.7A CN110496537A (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2018-05-18 | A kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation system |
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