CN107213793A - A kind of new type solar energy depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device - Google Patents
A kind of new type solar energy depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107213793A CN107213793A CN201610164390.5A CN201610164390A CN107213793A CN 107213793 A CN107213793 A CN 107213793A CN 201610164390 A CN201610164390 A CN 201610164390A CN 107213793 A CN107213793 A CN 107213793A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/364—Membrane distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/366—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/447—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by membrane distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
Multiple-effect distillation device is depressurized the invention discloses a kind of new solar energy, it is intended to is replaced traditional electrical heating as thermal source by the use of solar energy, is heated material liquid, reach energy-saving purpose.Meanwhile, the vavuum pump used in decompression multiple-effect membrane distillation is substituted using a set of easy venturi system, is collected with further reducing the energy consumption in membrane distillation running, and realizing to produce water 100%, improves membrane flux.The application of multiple-effect membrane component, realizes effective utilization to the vapor heat of transformation, improves heat utilization efficiency.Multiple-effect membrane distillation system is depressurized using the new venturi solar energy, the overall energy consumption and operating cost of membrane distillation process can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multiple-effect distillation device, and in particular to a kind of new type solar energy decompression
Multiple-effect distillation device.
Background technology
Film distillation technology is a kind of new separation skill for being combined conventional distillation and membrane technology
Art, can be applied to the processes such as desalination, desalination and the concentration of seawater/bitter/industrial wastewater.
Membrane distillation is separated two kinds of different solution of temperature with microporous hydrophobic membrane, utilizes hydrophobic membrane two
The vapor partial pressure difference that side can pass through component is used as driving force so that in the material liquid of temperature upper side
Permeable component with gas molecule form pass through seperation film, so as to realize mass transfer；At the same time
Liquid, insoluble matter and ion etc. can not then pass through hydrophobic membrane.Film distillation technology have salt rejection rate it is high,
Producing water water quality is good, the high advantage of Water Sproading rate, but the technology is totally in pilot scale research rank at present
Section, not yet there is commercial Application.One subject matter of restriction membrane distillation commercial Application is：Make
Cause its energy consumption and operating cost higher with traditional approach (electrical heating) heating material liquid.
Solar energy is the convenient renewable green energy resource of a kind of inexhaustible and acquisition.With the sun
The development of energy technology, scientific research personnel successfully mutually ties Solar use with membrane distillation process
Close, using low-temperature solar energy heat collector (i.e. solar energy heat collection pipe) by the original of membrane distillation process
Feed liquid is heated to required temperature.Compared with single membrane distillation, the membrane distillation process of coupled solar
Energy consumption is relatively low, and secondary pollution is not produced and operating cost greatly reduces, it is possible to achieve consumption reduction, ring
Protect and cost-effective triple benefits.However, there is pipeline in existing solar membrane distillation technology
Loss and without system thermal reuse in the case of, the heat losses of whole system can reach
More than 50%.
Multiple-effect membrane distillation can effectively reclaim the heat of transformation of gas liquid, improve utilization efficiency of heat energy,
Improve water generation ratio.The process is utilized due to can pass through component vaporization in membrane component, generation
Steam heats material liquid so that its temperature gradually rises as second heat source；And steam because
Heat release cools, and is condensed into liquid and is collected.Thus, membrane distillation process energy consumption can be reduced effectively.
According to the difference of specific membrane distillation process, multiple-effect membrane distillation also develops decompression/multi-effect vacuum film
Distillation, air gap multiple-effect membrane distillation, gas sweep multiple-effect membrane distillation, rolling multiple-effect membrane distillation etc..
Vavuum pump is needed to use during pressure reducing film distillation, using vavuum pump in membrane module shell side shape
Into low pressure/negative pressure, make the steam of output to pass through compared with other faster speed of membrane distillation mode
Seperation film, improves membrane flux；Swabbing action of the condensed water generated after steam heat release in vavuum pump
Under be also easier to be collected.But using for vavuum pump can be so that the energy consumption of membrane distillation process be carried
It is high；On the other hand, the vapor that part is not condensed can borrow the swabbing action of vavuum pump to enter true
The empty pump pump housing, causes to damage, so as to increase the process in During Process of Long-term Operation to vavuum pump
Operating cost.In addition, during decompression/multi-effect vacuum membrane distillation, only relying in membrane module
The condensation of itself is not enough to reclaim whole vapor.Therefore it is also required to provide extra heat exchange
Device, and the use of heat exchanger can rise the overall energy consumption of membrane distillation process.
The membrane module and film that Chinese patent CN203155103U is related to a kind of combination solar energy steam
Evaporate system.Membrane module includes the cold working medium cavity volume provided with cold wall and the hot working fluid provided with film holds
Chamber, has gap between the per-meate side and cold wall of film, equivalent to a kind of air gap membrane distillation component.This
Set distillation device need to use solar power system, allow cold working medium to hold using thermoelectric cooling technology
Chamber keeps low-temperature condition, and equipment is complicated and input is higher, is also not carried out to producing steam phase transforming
The reuse of heat, utilization efficiency of heat energy is relatively low.
Chinese patent CN104261608A discloses a kind of solar membrane distillation desalinization side
Method, including the membrane distillation that a kind of hollow-fibre membrane and the doughnut condenser pipe submission system of miscoding are filled
Component, and corresponding matching unit.The design of membrane module realizes condensation latent heat in the patent
Recovery, improve heat utilization rate.But the preparation process of membrane module is complex；And
Membrane module is contaminated to be caused after hydraulic performance decline, hollow-fibre membrane and the doughnut condensation of alternating expression
Pipe not easy cleaning and replacing.
Chinese patent CN102107119A proposes a kind of multi-effect vacuum distillation device and method.
The device is made up of evaporating area of heating up, main evaporation zone and cooling evaporating area, has higher heat to return
Yield, and do not need expensive heat pump.But it is due to that the device has used vavuum pump, meeting
Above-mentioned vacuum membrane distillation process problem encountered is produced, weakens the energy-optimised of multiple-effect membrane distillation
Effect.
United States Patent (USP) US9023211B2, which is related to during vacuum membrane distillation, uses aspirator generation
For vavuum pump, vacuum pressure is produced.In that patent, produced by flowing through aspirator using liquid
Suction, collect production water and steam, can make it that the vapor of membrane distillation output is whole
It is collected.In addition, compared to vavuum pump, the energy consumption of the process is relatively low, realizes energy-saving
Purpose.But the technology is not yet applied to during solar energy decompression multiple-effect membrane distillation at present.
Compared with above-mentioned patent, the application is related to a kind of in solar energy decompression multiple-effect membrane distillation process
The method of middle utilization Venturi effect, has organically combined the advantage of respective technology.The application is designed
Venturi-solar energy decompression multiple-effect membrane distillation system, it is possible to achieve utilize solar energy heat collection pipe
Instead of traditional electrical heating, the material liquid in membrane distillation is promoted to required temperature, reduced pair
The consumption of electric energy, is a kind of new technique of environmental protection；The system is steamed using decompression multiple-effect film
Component is evaporated, the recycling to the vapor heat of transformation is realized, improves the heat energy utilization of process
Efficiency；The swabbing action produced based on Venturi effect, vavuum pump can be replaced, further
The energy consumption and operation difficulty of membrane distillation process are reduced, equipment expenditure/maintenance cost is reduced, realized
Complete recovery to producing water.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to combine solar energy and membrane distillation process, utilizes solar energy heat collection pipe generation
Material liquid is heated for the Electric heating in conventional film still-process, film is effectively reduced
The energy consumption and operating cost of distillation.
Another object of the present invention is to be based on multiple-effect membrane distillation process, recycles vapor
Condensation latent heat, improves the utilization efficiency of heat energy of the process.
Third object of the present invention is the defect for overcoming existing pressure reducing film distillation technology, and proposing will
The method that Venturi effect is applied to decompression multiple-effect membrane distillation.Replace passing using venturi system
The vavuum pump of system, realizes the complete recovery to producing water, improves aquifer yield；Prevent membrane distillation long-term
Loss of the vapor to vavuum pump in running；And reduce the energy of decompression multiple-effect membrane distillation process
Consumption and operating cost.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of new type solar energy depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, including：H formula multiple-effect membrane distillation groups
Part 7, venturi system, heat-exchange system, solar thermal collection system and raw water groove 1；
The H formulas multiple-effect membrane component 7 includes cooling water inlet 47, cooling water outlet 45, heat
Water inlet 44, hot water outlet 46, H formula multiple-effect membrane component production water out I 48 and H formulas
Multiple-effect membrane component produces water out II 49；
The venturi system includes：Valve III 18, Venturi tube 21, production tank 25,
Membrane pump III 24, spinner flowmeter II 23 and heat exchanger III 22；
The cooling water inlet 47 of the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component connects with the delivery port of raw water groove 1
Connect, the cooling water outlet 45 is connected with the water inlet of heat-exchange system, the hot water inlet 44 with
The delivery port connection of heat-exchange system, the water inlet of the hot water outlet 46 and heat exchanger III 22 connects
Connect；The delivery port of heat exchanger III 22 is connected with the water inlet of raw water groove 1；
The H formulas multiple-effect membrane component production water out I 48 and H formula multiple-effect membrane components
Production water out II 49 is connected with the valve III 18 of venturi system；
The middle part of the solar thermal collection system and the top of heat-exchange system pass through valve VI (29)
Connection, the bottom of the solar thermal collection system and the bottom of heat-exchange system are connected.
On the basis of such scheme, the solar thermal collection system includes：Solar thermal collector
And water storage system；
The solar thermal collector includes：Thermal-collecting tube 41 and heat exchanger II 38；
The water storage system includes：Water tank 35, spinner flowmeter III 34, membrane pump V 33,
Triple valve 32 and membrane pump VI 31.
The lower end water outlet of water tank 35 is provided with triple valve 32, the left side of triple valve 32 with
The bottom connection of heat-exchange system, centre is provided with membrane pump VI 31；The right side of triple valve 32 and heat exchange
The water inlet connection of device II 38, centre is provided with spinner flowmeter III 34 and membrane pump V 33, storage
The upper end water inlet of water pot 35 is connected with the delivery port of heat exchanger II 38, and centre is provided with thermometer
Ⅵ36。
Between the heat exchanger II 38 and the outlet at bottom of thermal-collecting tube 41 provided with membrane pump IV 40 and
Thermometer VIII 39, is provided with thermometer VII 37 between heat exchanger II 38 and the top inlet of thermal-collecting tube 41.
On the basis of such scheme, thermal-collecting tube 41 is put in 45 degree of angle swings, and and heat exchanger II
38 connections.
On the basis of such scheme, the cooling water inlet 47 of the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component
It is to condense/heat area 9, the hot water inlet 44 and hot water outlet between cooling water outlet 45
It is evaporating area 8 between 46.
On the basis of such scheme, the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component produces water out I 48
Bottom positioned at evaporating area 8, the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component production water out II 49 is located at
Condense/heat the bottom in area 9.
On the basis of such scheme, the Venturi tube 21 include Venturi tube water inlet 50,
Vapor/production water inlet 51 and Venturi tube delivery port 52.
On the basis of such scheme, in the venturi system, vapor/production water inlet
51 are connected with valve III 18, and Venturi tube water inlet 50 is connected with heat exchanger III 22, literary mound
In pipe delivery port 52 with produce tank 25 water inlet be connected；Spinner flowmeter II 23 and barrier film
Pump III 24 is located between heat exchanger III 22 and the delivery port for producing tank 25.
On the basis of such scheme, the Venturi tube delivery port 52 enters with production tank 25
Be provided with pressure gauge III 20 between the mouth of a river, the Venturi tube water inlet 50 and heat exchanger III 22 it
Between be provided with pressure gauge II 19.
On the basis of such scheme, the cooling water inlet 47 of the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component
Membrane pump I 2, spinner flowmeter I 3, pressure gauge I are provided between the delivery port of raw water groove 1
4th, thermometer I 5 and valve I 6.
On the basis of such scheme, the heat-exchange system includes heat exchanger I 11, membrane pump II
12 and hot water storgae 13.
On the basis of such scheme, the cooling water outlet 45 of the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component
It is connected with heat exchanger I11 water inlet, therebetween provided with thermometer II 10.
On the basis of such scheme, the delivery port of the hot water inlet 44 and heat exchanger I11
Connection, therebetween provided with thermometer III 15 and valve II 14.
On the basis of such scheme, the water inlet of the hot water outlet 46 and heat exchanger III 22
Between be provided with thermometer IV 17.
On the basis of such scheme, delivery port and the raw water groove 1 of the heat exchanger III 22
Thermometer V 26, filter 27 and valve V 28 are provided between water inlet.
On the basis of such scheme, the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component produces water out I 48
Valve IV 16 is provided between valve III 18.
On the basis of such scheme, the water storage of the water tank 35 of the solar thermal collection system
Floating ball valve in the hot water storgae 13 that tank centre inlet 53 passes through valve VI 29 and heat-exchange system
30 connections.
On the basis of such scheme, the membrane pump VI 31 of the solar thermal collection system is with changing
The hot water storgae bottom inlet 54 of the hot water storgae 13 of hot systems is connected.
Beneficial effect：
The existing solar membrane distillation system of present invention contrast, with advantages below：
(1) effective utilization to water vapor condensation latent heat can be achieved, utilization efficiency of heat energy is improved；
(2) traditional vavuum pump is substituted using Venturi tube, reduces in vacuum and produces
Energy consumption；
(3) the complete collection to producing water can be achieved, aquifer yield is improved；
(4) due to the presence of filtering module in system, it may be such that the film of multiple-effect membrane distillation process
Pollution level is lighter, extends the continuous and steady operation time of the system；
(5) optimize and simplify existing solar membrane distillation system, reduction plant construction takes
With the overall energy consumption of, process and operating cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is venturi-solar energy decompression multiple-effect distillation device schematic diagram；
Accompanying drawing 2 is H formulas decompression multiple-effect membrane component schematic diagram；
Accompanying drawing 3 is Venturi tube schematic diagram.
Heavy solid line arrows represent the flow direction of liquid in each figure, and dotted arrow represents steam and production
The flow direction of water.
In figure, 1, raw water groove, 2, membrane pump I, 3, spinner flowmeter I, 4, pressure gauge
I, 5, thermometer I, 6, valve I, 7, H formula multiple-effect membrane components, 8, evaporating area,
9th, condense/heat area, 10, thermometer II, 11, heat exchanger I, 12, membrane pump II, 13,
Hot water storgae, 14, valve II, 15, thermometer III, 16, valve IV, 17, thermometer IV,
18th, valve III, 19, pressure gauge II, 20, pressure gauge III, 21, Venturi tube, 22, change
Hot device III, 23, spinner flowmeter II, 24, membrane pump III, 25, production tank, 26, temperature
Table V, 27, filter, 28, valve V, 29, valve VI, 30, floating ball valve, 31,
Membrane pump VI, 32, triple valve, 33, membrane pump V, 34, spinner flowmeter III, 35, storage
Water pot, 36, thermometer VI, 37, thermometer VII, 38, heat exchanger II, 39, thermometer VIII,
40th, membrane pump IV, 41, thermal-collecting tube, 42, sunlight, 43, vapor, 44, hot water inlet,
45th, cooling water outlet, 46, hot water outlet, 47, cooling water inlet, 48, H formula multiple-effect membrane distillations
Component produces water out I, and 49, H formula multiple-effect membrane component production water out II, 50, venturi
Water inlet tube mouthful, 51, vapor/production water inlet, 52, Venturi tube delivery port.53rd, water storage
Tank centre inlet, 54, hot water storgae bottom inlet
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing and specific implementation case, invention is further described.
What accompanying drawing 1 was presented is venturi-solar energy decompression multiple-effect distillation device schematic diagram.Figure
In, material liquid in raw water groove 1 by membrane pump I 2 and the coutroi velocity of spinner flowmeter I 3,
Into the condensing zone 9 of H formula multiple-effect membrane components.Stoste is from bottom to top by condensing zone 9
Fine and close polymeric hollow tubule.Stoste is cold on tubule surface by high-temperature steam in hollow tubule
Discharged latent heat is coagulated progressively to heat.It is heated to the stoste outflow H formula multiple-effect of certain temperature
The condensing zone 9 of membrane component, before H formula multiple-effect membrane components evaporating area 8 is entered, leads to
The hot water crossed in heat exchanger I 11 is further heated to required temperature.
Hot water in heat exchanger I 11 comes from solar thermal collection system.Utilize solar energy heat collection pipe
Sunlight 42 is converted to heat by 41.Water in thermal-collecting tube 41 is by after the heat, with storage
Water in water pot 35 is exchanged heat by heat exchanger II 38.The water come out from water tank 35 leads to
Crossing a triple valve 32 can exchange heat and entrance hot water storgae 13 with the hot water in thermal-collecting tube 41 respectively.
Water level in hot water storgae 13 is controlled by a fluid level controller and valve VI 29, when liquid level mistake
Gao Shi, valve VI 29, which can be automatically opened up, allows unnecessary water to flow back to water tank 35 from hot water storgae 13.
It is heated in the micropore that the material liquid of predetermined temperature is passed through in evaporating area 8
Hollow fiber film.Vapor 43 passes through the micropore on film surface, in taking out that venturi system is produced
Under suction effect, into the shell side of H formula multiple-effect membrane component 7, and it is more to subsequently enter H formulas
Imitate the condensing zone 9 of membrane component.Vapor 43 is in the relatively low polymeric hollow tubule of temperature
Surface condensation, flows out under tubule flow in the bottom of H formula multiple-effect membrane component 7.Production
A certain amount of water purification is deposited in tank 25 in advance, water purification passes through membrane pump III 24, spinner
Count II 23 and control its flow velocity, flow through heat exchanger III 22, and flowing through Venturi tube after this
Pressure differential is formed when 21, so as to produce suction force.Production in H formula multiple-effect membrane component 7
Water and without fully condensation formed aqueous water vapor 43 it is complete by the current in Venturi tube 21
It is complete to take away and be collected in production tank 25.During stoste flows in evaporating area 8, temperature
Degree is gradually reduced.By in heat exchanger III 22 after outflow H formula multiple-effect membrane component 7
Production water continues to be cooled to room temperature, and removing raw water by filter 27 afterwards is constantly evaporating
Insoluble matter with possible precipitation in temperature course is changed, finally flows back to raw water groove 1.
What accompanying drawing 2 was presented is H formula multiple-effect membrane component schematic diagrames.H formulas multiple-effect film in figure
Distillation component 7 includes condensing/heating area 9 and evaporating area 8.In condensing/heating area 9, make
Polymeric hollow tubule is arranged in parallel, is not in contact with each other.In evaporating area 8, by high score
The microporous hollow fiber film that sub- material is made is equally arranged in parallel, is not in contact with each other.The He of evaporating area 8
Condensing zone 9 is connected by " H " the type glass shell of middle part insertion.It is surrounded by outside evaporating area 8
Insulation material.The production water out of H formula multiple-effect membrane components is located at component lower end.Produce water out
I 48 are used to discharge the production water that evaporating area 8 may be gathered；Production water out II 49 is cold for discharging
The production water that coagulation zone 9 is formed after condensing heat release through vapor 43.
What accompanying drawing 3 was presented is Venturi tube schematic diagram.Figure include Venturi tube water inlet 50,
Vapor/production water inlet 51 and Venturi tube delivery port 52.The water purification in tank 25 is produced from text
Venturi water inlet 50 enters, as pipe inner section is tapered into, and flow velocity becomes big therewith.This
When a vacuum can be produced at vapor/production water inlet 51 so that H formula multiple-effect membrane distillations
Production water and steam 43 in component 7 is inhaled into Venturi tube 21, as current flow together
Return in production tank 25.
Operating process：
(1) check, it is ensured that each part connection is correct and close.
(2) solar energy heat collector used in is the U-shaped tube type vacuum of glass metal structure
Cast solar heater, daylighting area is 4m2, North and South direction installs, and thermal-collecting tube 41 inclines
Rake angle is 45 degree.The membrane pump IV 40 in solar thermal collection system is opened, collecting system is treated
In hot water temperature when reaching more than 70 DEG C, by the triple valve of the lower end water outlet of water tank 35
32 right parts are opened, and open membrane pump V 33, and water is controlled by spinner flowmeter III 34
Flow velocity.Water in water tank 35 enters at heat exchanger II 38 with the water in solar thermal collection system
Row heat exchange.Heat exchanger II 38 is plate-type exchanger, and heat exchange area is 1.6m2.Water tank
35 be closing pressure-resistant water tank, and capacity is 150L.Treat that the water temperature in water tank 35 reaches 60 DEG C
During the above, the left part of triple valve 32 is opened, and water enters membrane distillation system by membrane pump VI 31
Hot water storgae 13 in system.Water in hot water storgae 13 is 70L or so, and its water level passes through liquid level
Controller is controlled.When liquid level reaches predetermined altitude, the valve linked with floating ball valve 30
Door VI 29 can be automatically opened up, and unnecessary water will be flowed back in water tank 35.
(3) membrane pump I 2 and II 12 is opened, valve I 6, valve II 14 and valve V is opened
28, the material liquid of raw water groove 1 passes through the coutroi velocity of spinner flowmeter I 3.The He of pressure gauge I 4
Thermometer I 5 heats the temperature before area 9 for monitoring material liquid into H formula multiple-effect membrane components
Degree and pressure.Thermometer II 10 and thermometer III 15 are respectively to monitor material liquid by heating
After temperature and material liquid behind area 9 are exchanged heat by heat exchanger I 11, into H formula multiple-effect
Temperature before membrane component evaporating area 8.Heat exchanger I 11 is coil exchanger.Temperature
Table IV 17 is to monitor the temperature behind material liquid outflow H formula multiple-effect membrane components evaporating area 8.
H formula multiple-effect membrane components heat area 9 and use polypropylene (PP) heat exchange tubule, internal diameter
For 0.4mm, external diameter is 0.7mm；H formula multiple-effect membrane components evaporating area 8 uses polypropylene
(PP) hollow fiber hydrophobic membrane, internal diameter is 1.8mm, and external diameter is 2.7mm, and porosity is
73.9%, average pore size is 0.238 μm, and film surface contact angle is 148 °；H formula multiple-effect film steams
The sheathing material of component 7 is evaporated for glass, and length is 400mm, H formula multiple-effect membrane component 7
The gross area of inner membrance is 0.16m2.H formula multiple-effect membrane component 7 is outer to use insulating sponge bag
Wrap up in.Material liquid outflow H formula multiple-effect film distillation film component 7 followed by enters heat exchanger III 22.
Heat exchanger III 22 is coil exchanger.
Finally, material liquid flows back to raw water groove 1 after filter 27.The hole of filter 27
Footpath is 0.5 μm.System stable operation for a period of time after, open membrane pump III 24, pass through rotor
The coutroi velocity of flow meter II 23, heat exchanger III 22 is delivered to by the cold water produced in tank 25.Production
Tank 25 is closing pressure-resistant water tank, and inside fills the clean cold water of 70L.Cold water passes through heat exchange
Device III 22 enters Venturi tube 21 after being exchanged heat with material liquid.The material of Venturi tube 21 is aluminium
Alloy, length is a diameter of 15mm, vapor at 150mm, Venturi tube water inlet 50
/ the production a diameter of 10mm of water inlet 51, a diameter of 25mm of Venturi tube delivery port 52.It is cold
Low pressure can be produced during current flow through venturi 21 at vapor/production water inlet 51, thus shape
Into a suction force, vapor 43 and production water quilt from H formula multiple-effect membrane component 7 are allowed
Venturi tube 21 is sucked, and production tank 25 is taken back by cold water and is collected.Venturi system starts fortune
After row, with i.e. by the opening of valve III 18.If running after a period of time, have in evaporating area 8
Aqueous water is assembled, and can open the production water in the collection of valve IV 16 region.
(4) distillation device is closed.Close membrane pump I 2, be then switched off triple valve 32 and
Membrane pump V 33 and membrane pump VI 31.When membrane distillation system operation to temperature is less than 45 DEG C,
Close membrane pump I 2 and valve I 6, valve II 14 and valve V 28.Afterwards when H formulas are more
When effect membrane component 7 goes out there is no aquatic products, membrane pump III 24 and the He of valve II 14 are closed
Valve III 18.
Case study on implementation one：
China's most area belongs to 3 classes and 3 class above sunshine areas, and (solar energy can be using ground
Area), the annual sunshine-duration is more than 2000 hours.Therefore, the venturi-solar energy subtracts
Press multiple-effect membrane distillation system application prospect more wide, especially lack but bitter in freshwater resources
Abundant area, can prepare drinking water and domestic water using the system.
In the case of the class sunshine area city of China 3, typical summer fair weather.Sun spoke
Intensity is penetrated to become larger from the morning 8, to 12 points to 14 points of noon between reach it is most strong, it
Gradually die down afterwards, average solar global irradiance is more than 900Wm2, day solar radiation total amount can reach
20MJ·m2·d-1.Now, the mean daily discharge and momentary efficiency of vacuum tube collector be substantially
Respectively 45% and 70%.Outdoor environment temperature reaches highest between 29-35 DEG C at noon.
Water temperature in water tank 35 and hot water storgae 13 changes and changed with intensity of solar radiation, the noon
Between can reach more than 80 DEG C.Concentration is 35gL-1NaCl salting liquids be used as original
Feed liquid, controls flow to be 120Lh by spinner flowmeter-1, the hot water stream in hot water storgae 13
Measure as 600Lh-1, into evaporating area 8 before material liquid temperature control at 70 DEG C or so, text
Cold water flow control is 360Lh in venturi system (cold side)-1, in steam entry 51
The pressure of generation is 10kPa, and continuous operation 5 hours, obtained maximum membrane flux is 11L
m-2·h-1, the electrical conductivity of production water is 10 μ Scm-1Left and right, salt rejection rate is more than 99.5%.
Points for attention：
(1) after distillation device runs a period of time, when production water conductivity is higher than 100
μS·cm-1When, it is necessary to be cleaned to H formula multiple-effect membrane component 7.Preparing pH is
2.5 hydrochloric acid solution and pH is 11.5 NaOH solution, is respectively washed the steaming of H formula multiple-effect film
Evaporate component 7 30 minutes.Open valve I 6, valve II 14 and valve V 28, keep other institutes
There is valve closing.Open after membrane pump I 2, pass through spinner flowmeter coutroi velocity so that H
Formula multiple-effect membrane component 7 is in the dynamic cleaning process that flow velocity is continually changing.Afterwards, use
Clear water is cleaned, until the pH value of cleaning fluid is returned to 7 or so.
(2) after distillation device runs a period of time, the discharge reduction in raw water groove 1,
Salinity rises, temperature rise, need to carry out moisturizing to raw water groove 1 by manual type.
(3) after distillation device runs a period of time, the water in production tank 25 gradually becomes
Many, temperature rise need to remove part production water by manual type, and using running water to production water
Groove 25 carries out moisturizing.
(4) the water temperature change in solar thermal collection system with the change of intensity of solar radiation not
It is synchronous, but have one section of lag time.
(5) note to H formula multiple-effect membrane component 7, solar energy heat collector, pipeline,
Tank etc. is incubated, and reduces heat losses.
(6) when finding that pressure drop change is big, during raw material flow quantity continuous decrease, filter is illustrated
The insoluble matter gathered in 27 increases, it is necessary to which filter 27 is cleaned and changed.
Case study on implementation two：
Under the class sunshine area city of China 3, typical summer overcast sky.Solar radiation is strong
Degree is very low, and day solar radiation total amount is less than 8MJm2·d-1.Outdoor environment temperature is at 30-34 DEG C
Between.
Temperature in water tank 35 and hot water storgae 13 changes and changed with intensity of solar radiation, temperature
Scope is spent between 50-60 DEG C.Concentration is 35gL-1NaCl salting liquids be used as original
Feed liquid, controls flow to be 120Lh by spinner flowmeter-1, the hot water stream in hot water storgae 13
Measure as 600Lh-1, into evaporating area 8 before material liquid temperature be 54 DEG C, venturi system
Cold water flow control is 360Lh in (cold side)-1, the pressure produced in steam entry 51
For 10kPa, continuous operation 6 hours, obtained maximum membrane flux only 4Lm-2·h-1,
The electrical conductivity for producing water is 6 μ Scm-1Left and right, salt rejection rate is more than 99.9%.Therefore, cloudy day not
Operation suitable for solar membrane distillation system.
The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to known in professional and technical personnel in the field
Prior art.
Claims (19)
1. a kind of new type solar energy depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is characterised in that including：
H formula multiple-effect membrane components (7), venturi system, heat-exchange system, solar energy heating system
System and raw water groove (1)；
The H formulas multiple-effect membrane component (7) includes cooling water inlet (47), cooling water outlet
(45), hot water inlet (44), hot water outlet (46), H formula multiple-effect membrane component production water
Export I (48) and H formula multiple-effect membrane component production water out II (49)；
The venturi system includes：Valve III (18), Venturi tube (21), production tank
(25), membrane pump III (24), spinner flowmeter II (23) and heat exchanger III (22)；
The cooling water inlet (47) of the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component goes out with raw water groove (1)
The mouth of a river is connected, and the cooling water outlet (45) is connected with the water inlet of heat-exchange system, the hot water
Import (44) is connected with the delivery port of heat-exchange system, the hot water outlet (46) and heat exchanger
The water inlet connection of III (22)；The delivery port of heat exchanger III (22) and raw water groove (1)
Water inlet is connected；
The H formulas multiple-effect membrane component production water out I (48) and H formula multiple-effect membrane distillations
Component production water out II (49) is connected with the valve III (18) of venturi system；
The middle part of the solar thermal collection system and the top of heat-exchange system pass through valve VI (29)
Connection, the bottom of the solar thermal collection system and the bottom of heat-exchange system are connected.
2. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 1 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, the solar thermal collection system includes：Solar thermal collector and water storage system；
The solar thermal collector includes：Thermal-collecting tube (41) and heat exchanger II (38)；
The water storage system includes：Water tank (35), spinner flowmeter III (34), membrane pump
V (33), triple valve (32) and membrane pump VI (31).
3. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 2 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, water tank (35) lower end water outlet is provided with triple valve (32), triple valve
(32) left side is connected with the bottom of heat-exchange system, and centre is provided with membrane pump VI (31)；Threeway
It is connected on the right side of valve (32) with the water inlet of heat exchanger II (38), centre is provided with spinner flowmeter
III (34) and membrane pump V (33), the upper end water inlet and heat exchanger II of water tank (35)
(38) delivery port connection, centre is provided with thermometer VI (36).
4. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 2 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, between the heat exchanger II (38) and the outlet at bottom of thermal-collecting tube (41) be provided with every
Membrane pump IV (40) and thermometer VIII (39), heat exchanger II (38) are pushed up with thermal-collecting tube (41)
Thermometer VII (37) is provided between portion's import.
5. the new type solar energy decompression multiple-effect distillation device as described in claim 2 or 4,
Characterized in that, the thermal-collecting tube (41) is put in 45 degree of angle swings, and with heat exchanger II (38)
Connection.
6. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 1 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, cooling water inlet (47) and the cooling water outlet (45) of the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component
Between to condense/heating area (9), the hot water inlet (44) and hot water outlet (46) it
Between be evaporating area (8).
7. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 6 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component production water out I (48) is located at evaporating area (8)
Bottom, H formulas multiple-effect membrane component production water out II (49), which is located at, to be condensed/heats
The bottom in area (9).
8. new type solar energy decompression multiple-effect distillation device as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the Venturi tube (21) includes Venturi tube water inlet (50), vapor/production
Water inlet (51) and Venturi tube delivery port (52).
9. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 8 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, in the venturi system, vapor/production water inlet (51) and valve III (18)
Connection, Venturi tube water inlet (50) is connected with heat exchanger III (22), Venturi tube water outlet
Mouth (52) is connected with the water inlet of production tank (25)；Spinner flowmeter II (23) and barrier film
Pump III (24) is located between the delivery port of heat exchanger III (22) and production tank (25).
10. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 9 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, set between the water inlet of the Venturi tube delivery port (52) and production tank (25)
Have a pressure gauge III (20), the Venturi tube water inlet (50) and heat exchanger III (22) it
Between be provided with pressure gauge II (19).
11. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 1 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, cooling water inlet (47) and the raw water groove (1) of the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component
Delivery port between provided with membrane pump I (2), spinner flowmeter I (3), pressure gauge I (4),
Thermometer I (5) and valve I (6).
12. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 1 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, the heat-exchange system includes heat exchanger I (11), membrane pump II (12) and hot water
Groove (13).
13. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 12 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, its
It is characterised by, cooling water outlet (45) and the heat exchanger I (11) of the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component
Water inlet connection, therebetween provided with thermometer II (10).
14. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 12 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, its
It is characterised by, the hot water inlet (44) is connected with heat exchanger I (11) delivery port, two
Thermometer III (15) and valve II (14) are provided between person.
15. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 1 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, provided with temperature between the hot water outlet (46) and the water inlet of heat exchanger III (22)
Spend table IV (17).
16. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 1 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, between the delivery port of the heat exchanger III (22) and the water inlet of raw water groove (1)
Provided with thermometer V (26), filter (27) and valve V (28).
17. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 1 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, the H formulas multiple-effect membrane component production water out I (48) and valve III (18)
Between be provided with valve IV (16).
18. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 2 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, it is special
Levy and be, the middle part of the solar thermal collection system is entered for the water tank middle part of water tank (35)
Mouth (53)；The bottom of the solar thermal collection system is the delivery port of membrane pump VI (31).
19. new type solar energy as claimed in claim 12 depressurizes multiple-effect distillation device, its
It is characterised by, the top of the heat-exchange system is the floating ball valve (30) in hot water storgae (13)；
The bottom of the heat-exchange system is the hot water storgae bottom inlet (54) of hot water storgae (13).
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| CN107935119A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-20 | 北京中新国能环保科技有限公司 | Device, the system and method for photo-thermal method decompression multiple-effect membrane distillation processing desulfurization wastewater |
| CN110496537A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-11-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of solar heat pump membrane distillation system |
| ES2805549A1 (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2021-02-12 | Lopez Jose Franco | Method to boil salt water, using solar thermal energy and vacuum techniques. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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