CN107935119B - Device, system and method for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation - Google Patents
Device, system and method for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107935119B CN107935119B CN201711405729.7A CN201711405729A CN107935119B CN 107935119 B CN107935119 B CN 107935119B CN 201711405729 A CN201711405729 A CN 201711405729A CN 107935119 B CN107935119 B CN 107935119B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/447—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by membrane distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/06—Pressure conditions
- C02F2301/063—Underpressure, vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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Abstract
The device comprises a desulfurization waste water component, wherein the desulfurization waste water component comprises an inner support frame, an outer support frame and a back plate which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the inner support frame and the outer support frame are rectangular, U-shaped clamping grooves are formed in four sides, the frame parts of the inner support frame and the outer support frame are clamped and fixed in the U-shaped clamping grooves, a twisting silk screen is arranged in the inner support frame, flat plate type porous hydrophobic films and solar heat collecting plates are respectively laid on the front surface and the rear surface of the inner support frame, and a desulfurization waste water outlet pipe and a desulfurization waste water inlet pipe are respectively arranged on the upper frame and the lower frame of the inner support frame; the outer support frame is internally provided with a support grid, and a side surface of the backboard facing the support grid is provided with an insulation layer. The application has the characteristics of safety, applicability and the like, has good popularization and practical value, and can generate good economic benefit after wide popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wastewater desulfurization, in particular to a device, a system and a method for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation.
Background
At present, the energy structure of China is mainly based on coal, the coal-fired unit accounts for more than 75% of the capacity of a total assembly machine by 2009, and a large amount of fire coal and higher sulfur content in the coal inevitably lead to a large amount of S02 emission, so that serious environmental pollution is caused.
The existing desulfurization process generally adopts limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization process technology, adopts a one-furnace single-tower arrangement mode, and is provided with or without GGH. At present, with the improvement of national emission standards, new processes such as single tower double circulation (AFT), single furnace double tower and the like are developed on the basis of the original single tower process.
The limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization process technology plays an irreplaceable role in the process of preventing and treating atmospheric pollution, but generates a certain amount of desulfurization wastewater in the limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization process, and most pollutants such as heavy metals, calcium and magnesium hardness and the like are removed through flocculation, neutralization and organic vulcanization in the original desulfurization wastewater treatment process, but the desulfurization wastewater with high salt content generated in the desulfurization process still cannot be discharged directly after reaching standards. At present, partial domestic enterprises adopt a desulfurization waste water concentration-crystallization process to separate salt and water in the desulfurization waste water, so as to realize the aim of reaching the discharge standards. At present, in the desulfurization waste water concentration process, technologies such as DTRO, electrodialysis and the like are mostly adopted for pre-concentration, then a thin film evaporator is used for concentration to reach the required saturation concentration, the technical route is adopted, the technical process is complex, the necessary tank and pump valve are needed for carrying out multiple storage and transportation on materials, the process control requirement is high, and meanwhile, a large amount of steam and electric power energy consumption are needed to be consumed. There is therefore a need for improvements in the concentrating process of desulfurization wastewater.
The solar energy is one of green energy sources, and one of the main modes of solar energy is utilized during photo-thermal conversion of the solar energy, especially for western regions of China, the solar energy source has long sunlight time, high intensity and large annual evaporation capacity, and the reasonable utilization of the solar energy can reduce the water evaporation capacity of the region besides the energy consumption. Solar energy has a low energy density compared to other energy sources, and a relatively large area is required to obtain a certain energy.
The membrane distillation (membrane distillation, MD for short) is a membrane separation process which adopts a hydrophobic microporous membrane and takes the steam pressure difference at two sides of the membrane as a mass transfer driving force, and can be used for the distillation and desalination of water and the removal of volatile substances from an aqueous solution. For example, when aqueous solutions of different temperatures are separated by a hydrophobic microporous membrane, the aqueous solution on both sides cannot pass through the membrane pores to the other side due to the hydrophobicity of the membrane, but because the aqueous solution on the warm side and the interface of the membrane have higher vapor pressure than the cold side, the vapor condenses from the warm side to the cold side through the membrane pores, which is very similar to the evaporation, mass transfer, condensation process in conventional distillation, and is called a membrane distillation process. Meanwhile, the Vacuum Membrane Distillation (VMD) extracts water vapor in a negative pressure mode, and the comparative study of the Vacuum Membrane Distillation (VMD) and the direct contact membrane distillation and the air sweeping membrane distillation shows that the water quality of produced water in the VMD process is best and the flux is maximum. Meanwhile, the steam is pumped out in a negative pressure mode, so that the design such as recovery of phase change heat is facilitated, and the method has a large-scale industrial application prospect.
The reduced pressure multi-effect membrane distillation (MEMD) aims at the problems of high energy consumption and large water consumption for steam condensation in the MD process, introduces a multi-effect evaporation principle into the MD process, provides a multi-effect membrane distillation concept, and simultaneously utilizes vacuum to reduce the partial pressure of water steam on the cold side, so that the membrane distillation process can still be carried out under high concentration, and a multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device (MEMD) is obtained. The method is characterized in that a special multi-effect evaporation zone is established in the VMD process for the first time. The film component has the dual functions of heat exchange and cooling of steam and heating and evaporation of raw material liquid, and utilizes the phase change of the raw material liquid in the tube side to recover the phase change heat of the steam produced in the benzyl evaporation zone, thereby realizing the efficient recycling of the steam phase change heat in the VMD process and reducing the process energy consumption.
However, the main problem of the reduced pressure multi-effect membrane distillation is that the membrane flux is low and is only 30-40 kg/L, so that the application of the reduced pressure multi-effect membrane distillation is limited. However, for the photo-thermal method multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device, the energy density of the solar heat collecting plate is low, and the solar heat collecting plate is combined with the decompression multi-effect membrane distillation process, so that the defects of the solar heat collecting plate and the decompression multi-effect membrane distillation process cannot be the limiting factors of the photo-thermal method decompression membrane distillation process. Therefore, the photo-thermal decompression membrane distillation process for treating desulfurization wastewater is feasible in principle.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a device, a system and a method for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation, which aim to solve the technical problem that the prior art cannot meet the construction requirement; and solves the problem of lower construction efficiency in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation is characterized in that: the device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation comprises a desulfurization wastewater component, wherein the desulfurization wastewater component comprises an inner supporting frame, an outer supporting frame and a back plate which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the inner supporting frame and the outer supporting frame are rectangular, four sides of the inner supporting frame and the outer supporting frame are respectively provided with a U-shaped clamping groove, the frame parts of the inner supporting frame and the outer supporting frame are clamped and fixed in the U-shaped clamping grooves, the vertical parts of the U-shaped clamping grooves, which are close to the outer supporting frame, are provided with fastening bolts, the fastening bolts penetrate through the vertical parts of the U-shaped clamping grooves and then are abutted to a pressing plate arranged on the frame of the outer supporting frame, the inner supporting frame and the outer supporting frame are fixed in the U-shaped clamping grooves, and sealing rubber gaskets are respectively arranged between the vertical parts, which are close to the inner supporting frame, between the inner supporting frame and the outer supporting frame, and between the back plate and the pressing plate;
the inner support frame is internally provided with a twisted silk screen, the front surface and the rear surface of the inner support frame are respectively laid with a flat plate type porous hydrophobic film and a solar heat collecting plate, and the upper frame and the lower frame of the inner support frame are respectively provided with a desulfurization wastewater outlet pipe and a desulfurization wastewater inlet pipe; a support grid is arranged in the outer support frame, and a heat preservation layer is laid on one side surface of the back plate facing the support grid; the outer support frame is equipped with the steam business turn over pipe about the frame, and the lower frame is equipped with the hydrophobic export of condensation.
Further preferably, strip-shaped protrusions are arranged on the peripheral edges of the front surface of the outer support frame, and the rectangle surrounded by the strip-shaped protrusions is adapted to the backboard.
Further, the supporting grid comprises vertical grid bars and transverse grid bars which play a limiting role on the vertical grid bars, the supporting grid bars are made of temperature-resistant high polymer materials, and one side of each vertical grid bar, which faces the flat plate type porous hydrophobic membrane, is in a zigzag shape.
Further, the solar heat collecting plate is made of titanium plates or 1.4529 stainless steel, and the lighting side of the solar heat collecting plate (8) is provided with a plating black chromium coating.
Further, the flat plate type porous hydrophobic membrane is polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF or polypropylene PP, the thickness of the membrane is 1.0-2.0 mm, the aperture of the membrane is 0.10-0.20 mu m, and the aperture ratio of the membrane is 80-85%.
Besides, the transverse part of the U-shaped clamping groove is provided with an opening for the desulfurization waste water outlet pipe, the desulfurization waste water inlet pipe or the steam inlet and outlet pipe to pass through.
More preferably, the twisted silk screen is polypropylene or polyvinylidene fluoride, the grid is twisted 10# to 20# and the wire diameter is 0.5mm to 0.8mm, and the number of layers is 1 to 3.
Concentration system with device of light and heat method decompression multiple-effect membrane distillation treatment desulfurization waste water, its characterized in that: the device comprises a wastewater buffer tank, a desulfurization wastewater water supply pump, a condenser, a multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device and a concentrated wastewater buffer tank which are sequentially connected from left to right, wherein the condenser and the multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device are both connected with a condensate water tank, and the condenser is also connected with a vacuum pump;
the multi-effect desulfurization waste water device comprises 5 or 6 desulfurization waste water components (18) which are 2 or 3 stages and are arranged in a wedge shape; the 2-level multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device is 5 desulfurization wastewater components and is distributed in a mode of 3:2, the 3-level multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device is 6 desulfurization wastewater components and is distributed in a mode of 3:2:1, the desulfurization wastewater components are connected through steam pipelines connected in series, and the desulfurization wastewater components are also connected through desulfurization wastewater pipelines connected in parallel.
The method for concentrating the desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system with a device for treating the desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, pretreatment: before the desulfurization wastewater enters a wastewater buffer box of a photo-thermal decompression membrane distillation system, firstly removing a small amount of residual calcium and magnesium ions in the desulfurization wastewater by adopting a sodium hydroxide/soda ash method or nanofiltration technology;
step two, preheating: the desulfurization wastewater entering the wastewater buffer tank is condensed by a desulfurization wastewater supply pump and a pipe side entering a condenser, and an opening at the upper part of a shell side of the condenser is connected with a vacuum pump;
step three, the multi-effect desulfurization waste water device is used for treating desulfurization waste water: the preheated desulfurization wastewater enters a multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device for multi-stage treatment to form concentrated desulfurization wastewater;
step four, collecting concentrated desulfurization wastewater by a desulfurization wastewater concentration water tank: the concentrated desulfurization wastewater treated in the third step flows to a desulfurization wastewater concentration water tank, so that the concentration system with the device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation is used for concentrating desulfurization wastewater.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
the application uses solar energy as a heat source in the process of desulfurizing wastewater evaporation and concentration, combines multiple-effect desulfurizing wastewater devices in the same industry, has wide application range (the highest concentration of brine reaches 200 g/L), has high energy utilization rate, produces water higher than (about 5 and 6) one ton of superheated steam, does not produce low-concentration salt-containing wastewater, can recycle distilled water produced in the concentrating process, and has the advantages of simple process and control process, low operation energy consumption, high energy utilization rate and the like compared with the traditional salt-containing wastewater concentration process.
The application does not consume a great amount of heat energy or electric energy (such as a high-power motor of a vapor compressor in MVR technology) except the electric energy consumed by the desulfurization wastewater in the conveying process and the vacuumizing process for evaporating and concentrating the wastewater. Meanwhile, the vacuum decompression multi-effect membrane distillation method is adopted, so that the steam generated by solar energy can be repeatedly utilized for many times, the energy utilization rate is high, the water production rate is higher (reaching 5 to 6) than that of the water which can be evaporated by one ton of superheated steam, the energy utilization rate is high in the whole process, the operation energy consumption is low, and the operation cost is low.
Compared with the desulfurization waste water concentration process adopting the combination of multiple processes such as DTRO, nanofiltration, a multi-effect film evaporator and the like, the desulfurization waste water concentration method can concentrate desulfurization waste water to near-saturation concentration in the same process. Compared with other heat sources (superheated steam and electric heating), the flat-plate solar heat collecting plate has low energy density, does not generate local overheat in the evaporation process, and simultaneously adopts a decompression multi-effect membrane distillation process to solve the problems of dry pipe or crystallization and the like in the high salt content section of the desulfurization wastewater. Therefore, the process is simple in process, low in operation failure rate and low in requirement on system automatic control.
The water separated in the concentration process is separated in the form of steam, and is recovered after heat exchange and condensation, so that low-concentration wastewater is not generated in the treatment process, and the distilled water generated by separation has low salt content and can be directly utilized or recycled.
The application has the characteristics of safety, applicability and the like, has good popularization and practical value, and can generate good economic benefit after wide popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a desulfurization wastewater assembly according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a support grid according to the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the vertical grid bars of the support grid;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the transverse grid bars of the support grid;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner support frame according to the present application;
fig. 10 is a left side view of fig. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer support frame according to the present application;
FIG. 12 is a right side view of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic process flow diagram of a concentrating system with a device for photo-thermal reduced pressure multi-effect membrane distillation treatment of desulfurization wastewater.
Reference numerals: 1-an inner support frame; 2-an inner support frame; 3-U-shaped clamping grooves; 4-fastening bolts; 5-pressing plates; 6-twisting the silk screen; 7-a flat plate type porous hydrophobic membrane; 8-a solar heat collecting plate; 9-supporting the grid; 10-desulfurization waste water outlet pipe; 11-desulfurization waste water inlet pipe; 12-a back plate; 13-steam inlet and outlet pipes; 14-an insulating layer; 15-strip-shaped protrusions; 16-vertical grid bars; 17-transverse grid bars; 18-a desulfurization wastewater assembly; 19-a desulfurization wastewater supply pump; 21-a concentrated wastewater buffer tank; 22-a condensate tank; 23-a water vapor conduit; 24-desulfurization waste water pipeline; 25-a condensed hydrophobic outlet; 26-opening; 27-sealing rubber gaskets; 28-a vacuum pump; 29-a wastewater buffer tank.
Detailed Description
The present application will be further described below in order to make the technical means, innovative features, achieved objects and effects achieved by the present application easy to understand.
The examples described herein are specific embodiments of the present application, which are intended to illustrate the inventive concept, are intended to be illustrative and exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the application to the embodiments and scope of the application. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can adopt other obvious solutions based on the disclosure of the claims and specification, including those adopting any obvious substitutions and modifications to the embodiments described herein.
The device for treating the desulfurization wastewater by the photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation comprises a desulfurization wastewater component 18, wherein the desulfurization wastewater component 18 comprises an inner supporting frame 1, an outer supporting frame 2 and a back plate 12 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the inner supporting frame 1 and the outer supporting frame 2 are rectangular, U-shaped clamping grooves 3 are formed in four sides, the frame parts of the inner supporting frame 1 and the outer supporting frame 2 are clamped and fixed in the U-shaped clamping grooves 3, fastening bolts 4 are arranged at the vertical parts, close to the outer supporting frame 2, of the U-shaped clamping grooves 3, of the fastening bolts 4, penetrating through the vertical parts of the U-shaped clamping grooves 3 and then abutting against a pressing plate 5 arranged on the frame of the outer supporting frame 2, the inner supporting frame 1 and the outer supporting frame 2 are fixed in the U-shaped clamping grooves 3, and sealing rubber gaskets 27 are arranged between the vertical parts, close to the inner supporting frame 1, between the inner supporting frame 1 and the outer supporting frame 2 and between the back plate 12 and the pressing plate 5, of the U-shaped clamping grooves 3;
as shown in fig. 1, 9 and 10, a woven silk screen 6 is arranged in the frame of the inner support frame 1, a flat plate type porous hydrophobic film 7 and a solar heat collecting plate 8 are respectively laid on the front and back surfaces of the inner support frame 1, and a desulfurization wastewater outlet pipe 10 and a desulfurization wastewater inlet pipe 11 are respectively arranged on the upper frame and the lower frame of the inner support frame 1; a supporting grid 9 is arranged in the outer supporting frame 2, and an insulating layer 14 is laid on one side surface of the back plate 12 facing the supporting grid 9; the left and right frames of the outer support frame 2 are respectively provided with a steam inlet pipe 13, and the lower frame is provided with a condensation drainage outlet 25. As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the peripheral edge of the front surface of the outer support frame 2 is provided with strip-shaped protrusions 15, and the rectangle surrounded by the strip-shaped protrusions 15 is adapted to the back plate 12. As shown in fig. 6-8, the supporting grid 9 comprises vertical grid bars 16 and transverse grid bars 17 which play a limiting role on the vertical grid bars, and is made of a temperature-resistant high polymer material, one side of the vertical grid bars 16, which faces the flat plate type porous hydrophobic membrane 7, is in a zigzag shape, and non-connecting parts of the vertical grid bars 16 and the transverse grid bars 17 are provided with round holes. The solar heat collecting plate 8 is made of titanium plate or 1.4529 stainless steel, and the lighting side of the solar heat collecting plate 8 is provided with a plating black chromium coating. The flat porous hydrophobic membrane 7 is polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF or polypropylene PP, the thickness of the membrane is 1.0 mm-2.0 mm, the aperture of the membrane is 0.10 mu m-0.20 mu m, and the aperture ratio of the membrane is 80% -85%. The transverse part of the U-shaped clamping groove 3 is provided with an opening 26 for the desulfurization waste water outlet pipe 10, the desulfurization waste water inlet pipe 11 or the steam inlet pipe 13 to pass through. The twisted silk screen 6 is polypropylene or polyvinylidene fluoride, the grid is twisted 10# to 20# and the diameter of the silk screen is 0.5mm to 0.8mm, and the number of layers is 1 to 3.
The concentrating system with the device for treating the desulfurization wastewater by the photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation comprises a wastewater buffer tank 29, a desulfurization wastewater water supply pump 19, a condenser 20, a multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device and a concentrated wastewater buffer tank which are sequentially connected from left to right, wherein the condenser 20 and the multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device are connected with a condensate water tank 22, and the condenser 20 is also connected with a vacuum pump 28;
the multi-effect desulfurization waste water device comprises 5 or 6 desulfurization waste water components 18 which are 2 or 3 stages and are arranged in a wedge shape; the 2-level multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device is characterized in that the 2-level multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device is composed of 5 desulfurization wastewater components 18, the 3:2 distribution is achieved, the 3-level multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device is composed of 6 desulfurization wastewater components 18, the 3:2:1 distribution is achieved, the desulfurization wastewater components 18 are connected through a steam pipeline 23 connected in series, and the desulfurization wastewater components are also connected through a desulfurization wastewater pipeline 24 connected in parallel.
The method for concentrating the desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system with a device for treating the desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, pretreatment: before the desulfurization wastewater enters a wastewater buffer box 29 of a photo-thermal decompression membrane distillation system, firstly, removing a small amount of residual calcium and magnesium ions in the desulfurization wastewater by adopting a sodium hydroxide/soda ash method or nanofiltration technology;
step two, preheating: the desulfurization wastewater entering the wastewater buffer tank 9 is condensed by a desulfurization wastewater supply pump 19 and a pipe side entering a condenser 20, and the upper opening of the shell side of the condenser 20 is connected with a vacuum pump 28;
step three, the multi-effect desulfurization waste water device is used for treating desulfurization waste water: the preheated desulfurization wastewater enters a multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device for multi-stage treatment to form concentrated desulfurization wastewater;
step four, collecting concentrated desulfurization wastewater by a desulfurization wastewater concentration water tank: the concentrated desulfurization waste water treated in the third step flows to a desulfurization waste water concentration water tank 21, and the concentration system with the device for treating desulfurization waste water by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation is used for concentrating desulfurization waste water.
Before the desulfurization wastewater enters a wastewater buffer box of a photo-thermal decompression membrane distillation system, a sodium hydroxide/soda ash method or nanofiltration technology is adopted to remove a small amount of residual calcium and magnesium ions in the desulfurization wastewater, so that the boiling point of the calcium and magnesium ions is increased in the salt separation process of the desulfurization wastewater, the quality of crystallized sodium chloride is prevented from not reaching standards, the desulfurization wastewater entering the wastewater buffer box enters a pipe side of a condenser through a desulfurization wastewater conveying pump to be condensed into steam generated in the photo-thermal decompression membrane distillation concentration process, and the steam is in a shell side of the condenser. The upper opening of the condenser shell side is connected with a vacuum pump, preheated desulfurization waste water enters one stage of a multi-effect desulfurization waste water device, one stage of membrane components can adopt one or more membrane elements according to the treatment capacity of the system, the membrane elements are the desulfurization waste water components 18, solar heat collecting plates of the membrane elements absorb heat energy converted from solar light energy, absorbed energy is transferred to the desulfurization waste water flowing in the membrane elements under the heat conduction effect, steam generated by the upper stage of membrane elements exchanges heat with the separation membrane to heat the desulfurization waste water at the other side under the action of the separation membrane, the temperature of the desulfurization waste water is increased under the action of the separation membrane, water in the desulfurization waste water at the steam side of the separation membrane is condensed to a certain extent through the membrane under the action of vacuum, the condensed desulfurization waste water enters the next stage of membrane components to be further condensed, and part of the condensed steam is condensed again through a condensed water outlet of the membrane elements to be discharged to a condensed water tank. The other part of steam enters a steam condenser to be used for preheating desulfurization waste water, the concentrated desulfurization waste water enters a second stage of a multi-effect desulfurization waste water device, one or more membrane elements can be adopted by the second-stage membrane assembly according to the treatment capacity of the system, the solar heat collecting plate of the membrane elements absorbs the heat energy converted by solar energy, the absorbed energy is transferred to the desulfurization waste water flowing in the membrane elements under the heat conduction effect, meanwhile, the steam generated by the third-stage membrane assembly and the separation membrane exchange heat the desulfurization waste water at the other side, the temperature of the desulfurization waste water is increased under the effect of the two, the water in the desulfurization waste water penetrates through the membrane in a form of steam at the steam side of the separation membrane to enable the desulfurization waste water to be concentrated to a certain extent, the concentrated desulfurization waste water enters the third-stage membrane assembly to be further concentrated, one part of the condensed water which is discharged to a condensate water tank through the condensed water outlet of the membrane elements, the other part of the steam enters the first-stage membrane assembly to be used for heating the desulfurization waste water, the concentrated waste water enters the lower three-stage of the multi-effect desulfurization waste water device, the three-stage membrane assembly can be adopted by the one or more membrane elements according to the treatment capacity of the system, the heat energy is absorbed by the heat energy of the membrane elements at the heat collecting plate element at the heat energy of the heat of the membrane element, the heat energy is absorbed by the solar energy is transferred to the solar heat energy in the solar heat energy of the solar heat collecting element at the heat energy of the membrane element at the side of the solar energy, the heat energy is further concentrated to reach the heat concentration of the heat energy of the solar energy, the solar energy is condensed waste water, the solar energy is condensed at the solar energy, the solar energy is condensed waste water, and the solar energy is condensed waste water. A part of the permeated water vapor is re-condensed and discharged to the condensate water tank through the condensate water outlet of the membrane element. And the other part of steam enters the second-stage membrane component for heating the desulfurization wastewater.
According to the salt content in the desulfurization wastewater and the difference of the required pre-concentration of the desulfurization wastewater, the photo-thermal decompression membrane distillation system can adopt multistage (not less than 3 stages) treatment.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the application to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the application are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Claims (7)
1. A method for concentrating desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system with a device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation is characterized in that,
the device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation comprises a desulfurization wastewater component (18), wherein the desulfurization wastewater component (18) comprises an inner supporting frame (1), an outer supporting frame (2) and a back plate (12) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the inner supporting frame (1) and the outer supporting frame (2) are rectangular, U-shaped clamping grooves (3) are respectively arranged on four sides, the frame parts of the inner supporting frame (1) and the outer supporting frame (2) are clamped and fixed in the U-shaped clamping grooves (3), fastening bolts (4) are arranged on the vertical parts of the U-shaped clamping grooves (3) close to the outer supporting frame (2), the fastening bolts (4) penetrate through the vertical parts of the U-shaped clamping grooves (3) and then are propped against a pressing plate (5) arranged on the frame of the outer supporting frame (2), the inner supporting frame (1) and the outer supporting frame (2) are fixed in the U-shaped clamping grooves (3), and sealing gaskets (27) are respectively arranged between the vertical parts of the U-shaped clamping grooves (3) close to the inner supporting frame (1) and the frame parts of the inner supporting frame (2);
a woven silk screen (6) is arranged in the frame of the inner support frame (1), a flat plate type porous hydrophobic membrane (7) and a solar heat collecting plate (8) are respectively laid on the front and rear surfaces of the inner support frame (1), and a desulfurization wastewater outlet pipe (10) and a desulfurization wastewater inlet pipe (11) are respectively arranged on the upper frame and the lower frame of the inner support frame (1); a supporting grid (9) is arranged in the outer supporting frame (2), and an insulating layer (14) is laid on one side surface of the back plate (12) facing the supporting grid (9); the left and right frames of the outer support frame (2) are provided with steam inlet and outlet pipes (13), and the lower frame is provided with a condensation drainage outlet (25);
the concentrating system with the device for treating the desulfurization wastewater by the photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation comprises a wastewater buffer tank (29), a desulfurization wastewater supply pump (19), a condenser (20), a multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device and a concentrated wastewater buffer tank which are sequentially connected from left to right, wherein the condenser (20) and the multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device are both connected with a condensate water tank (22), and the condenser (20) is also connected with a vacuum pump (28);
the multi-effect desulfurization waste water device comprises 5 or 6 desulfurization waste water components (18) which are 2 or 3 stages and are arranged in a wedge shape; the 2-level multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device is characterized in that the 2-level multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device is composed of 5 desulfurization wastewater components (18) which are distributed in a 3:2 mode, the 3-level multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device is composed of 6 desulfurization wastewater components (18) which are distributed in a 3:2:1 mode, the desulfurization wastewater components (18) are connected through steam pipelines (23) which are connected in series, and are also connected through desulfurization wastewater pipelines (24) which are connected in parallel;
the method for concentrating the desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system with a device for treating the desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreatment: before the desulfurization wastewater enters a wastewater buffer box (29) of the concentration system, firstly removing a small amount of residual calcium and magnesium ions in the desulfurization wastewater by adopting a sodium hydroxide/soda ash method or a nanofiltration process;
step two, preheating: the desulfurization wastewater entering the wastewater buffer tank (29) is condensed by a desulfurization wastewater supply pump (19) and a pipe side entering a condenser (20), and an opening at the upper part of the shell side of the condenser (20) is connected with a vacuum pump (28);
step three, the multi-effect desulfurization waste water device is used for treating desulfurization waste water: the preheated desulfurization wastewater enters a multi-effect desulfurization wastewater device for multi-stage treatment to form concentrated desulfurization wastewater;
step four, collecting concentrated desulfurization wastewater by a desulfurization wastewater concentration water tank: and (3) the concentrated desulfurization wastewater treated in the step (III) flows to a desulfurization wastewater concentration water tank (21).
2. The method for concentrating desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system of a device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: strip-shaped protrusions (15) are arranged on the peripheral edges of the front surface of the outer support frame (2), and the rectangle surrounded by the strip-shaped protrusions (15) is matched with the backboard (12).
3. The method for concentrating desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system of a device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the support grid (9) comprises vertical grid bars (16) and transverse grid bars (17) which play a limiting role on the vertical grid bars, the support grid bars are made of temperature-resistant high polymer materials, one side, facing the flat plate type porous hydrophobic membrane (7), of each vertical grid bar (16) is in a saw-tooth shape, and round holes are formed in non-connecting positions of the vertical grid bars (16) and the transverse grid bars (17).
4. The method for concentrating desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system of a device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solar heat collecting plate (8) is made of titanium plates or 1.4529 stainless steel, and the lighting side of the solar heat collecting plate (8) is provided with an electroplating black chromium coating.
5. The method for concentrating desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system of a device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the flat plate type porous hydrophobic membrane (7) is polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF or polypropylene PP, the thickness of the membrane is 1.0-2.0 mm, the aperture of the membrane is 0.10-0.20 mu m, and the aperture ratio of the membrane is 80-85%.
6. The method for concentrating desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system of a device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the transverse part of the U-shaped clamping groove (3) is provided with an opening (26) for a desulfurization wastewater outlet pipe (10), a desulfurization wastewater inlet pipe (11) or a steam inlet pipe (13) to pass through.
7. The method for concentrating desulfurization wastewater by a concentrating system of a device for treating desulfurization wastewater by photo-thermal decompression multi-effect membrane distillation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the twisted silk screen (6) is polypropylene or polyvinylidene fluoride, the grid is twisted 10# to 20# and the diameter of the silk screen is 0.5mm to 0.8mm, and the number of layers is 1 to 3.
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