CN110491238A - A kind of controllable fire whirl experiment simulation demonstrating apparatus of multi-drive type - Google Patents
A kind of controllable fire whirl experiment simulation demonstrating apparatus of multi-drive type Download PDFInfo
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- CN110491238A CN110491238A CN201910914925.XA CN201910914925A CN110491238A CN 110491238 A CN110491238 A CN 110491238A CN 201910914925 A CN201910914925 A CN 201910914925A CN 110491238 A CN110491238 A CN 110491238A
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- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
Abstract
A kind of controllable fire whirl experiment simulation demonstrating apparatus of multi-drive type of the present invention belongs to technical field of fire hazard safety, in particular to a kind of spontaneous induction and pressure induce simulation demonstrating apparatus of the fire whirl under complex environment, and controllable parameter is more.Including substrate, the hollow disk of rotation, outer layer cylinder, inner layer cylinder, trapezoidal screw and sliding block, fuel supply system, mechanical iris blade, driving device and measuring device part；Outer layer cylinder, inner layer cylinder are located above the hollow disk of rotation, form double-layered cylinder；Trapezoidal screw and sliding block are fixed below the hollow disk of rotation, and are connect with cylinder；Fuel supply system, which is located at, to be rotated above hollow disk；Mechanical iris blade is located at fuel supply system top, for adjusting blade opening and closing degree；Measuring device, which is located at, rotates hollow disk side, and realization is both horizontally and vertically moved；Driving device, which is located at, to be rotated below hollow disk between substrate, is rotated hollow disk rotational for driving and is provided driving force.
Description
Technical field
A kind of controllable fire whirl experiment simulation demonstrating apparatus of multi-drive type of the present invention belongs to technical field of fire hazard safety, especially
It is related to a kind of spontaneous induction and forcing and induces fire whirl in different fire source scales, various inlet width, different device height and not
With the simulation demonstrating apparatus of rotation circular rector.
Technical background
Fire whirl is the special fire behavior of a kind of fire plume and the effect of intercoupling of surrounding rotation circular rector and induction, has combustion
The features such as rate is high, burning is violent, flame temperature is high is burnt, is common in Forset and glassland fire and some urban architecture fire.In
In practical fire, due to the active combustion of fire whirl, it is difficult to it puts out, and fire whirl windburn head and direction of heat flow can mutate,
It is difficult to predict this will seriously threaten the safety of fighting personnel.The strong volume of fire whirl inhale effect combustible around can be adsorbed into
It going to burn, a large amount of comburants of carrying can spread to farther place other than flame range, form new fire source, jump fire is induced, thus
The sprawling for accelerating fire, causes more casualties and property loss.
The methods of experiment simulation and numerical simulation are mainly passed through for the research of fire whirl phenomenon, have been achieved with one at present
Fixed achievement.Numerical simulator is fairly simple, can only assist verifying to experimental result, therefore model experiment is research fire whirl
Important method, had many experts and scholars devise it is a variety of formed fire whirls devices, be broadly divided into using thermal drivers
Spontaneous induction fire whirl and the pressure induction fire whirl for using Mechanical Driven.These devices are typically independent, same device
Cannot realize the fire whirl under two kinds of induced conditions of demonstration simultaneously, cannot effective comparative study difference inducement mechanism fire whirl.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at provide a kind of controllable fire whirl experiment analog demenstration of multi-drive type in view of the above shortcomings
Device can simulate the fire whirl under two kinds of driving methods of thermal drivers formula and mechanically driver type, and can control to adjust fire source ruler
The parameters such as degree, device height, air inlet width, rotation circular rector, facilitate and carry out fire whirl comparative study.
A kind of controllable fire whirl experiment simulation demonstrating apparatus of multi-drive type adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:
A kind of controllable fire whirl experiment simulation demonstrating apparatus of multi-drive type includes substrate, the hollow disk of rotation, outer layer cylinder, internal layer
Cylinder, trapezoidal screw and sliding block, fuel supply system, mechanical iris blade, driving device and measuring device part；Above-mentioned component
Combination forms a total system；
The outer layer cylinder, inner layer cylinder are arranged in above the hollow disk of rotation, form double-layered cylinder；
The trapezoidal screw and sliding block are fixed below the hollow disk of rotation, and are connect with outer layer cylinder, inner layer cylinder；
The fuel supply system is arranged in above the hollow disk of rotation；
The machinery iris blade arrangement is in the fuel supply system top, for adjusting blade opening and closing degree；
The measuring device is arranged in the hollow disk side of rotation, and measuring device, which can be realized, both horizontally and vertically to be moved；
The drive arrangement rotates hollow disk rotational for driving and provides drive in rotating below hollow disk between substrate
Power.
The driving device includes external tooth type floating bearing, servo motor, machine governor and shaft coupling.
The external tooth type floating bearing is fixed as bracket by bearing inner race part using four support screws, and external tooth type returns
Shaft holds inner round portion and external tooth type floating bearing outer perimeter section is provided with screw hole and has certain load-bearing capacity, when rotation
Inner ring does not rotate, outer ring rotating.
The inner circle of the hollow disk of rotation passes through screw hole using screw with external tooth type floating bearing outer perimeter section and connect
And it is fixed, the external gear of external tooth type floating bearing is mutually engaged with spur gear, and spur gear then passes through the biography of shaft coupling and servo motor
Moving axis is connected, and servo motor then passes through that bracket is vertical to be fixed on substrate；The transmission shaft of servo motor is coaxially revolved with spur gear
Turn, be engaged spur gear with the external gear of external tooth type floating bearing and drive its rotation, thus make to rotate hollow disk realization around
External tooth type floating bearing center rotates smoothly.
The trapezoidal screw is fixed on the hollow disk bottom of rotation by two screw rod supports, has bearing in screw rod support,
Jackscrew is housed beside bearing, trapezoidal screw is clamped using bearing jackscrew and is connect with screw rod supporting bearing；The trapezoidal screw has
Self-lock ability, when no external force, can keep sliding block stationary；Sliding block is close to rotor bottom, guarantees that sliding block will not turn
It is dynamic；Trapezoidal screw connects servo motor by shaft coupling, and servo motor can drive trapezoidal screw to rotate, and trapezoidal screw rotation can
Move sliding block steadily in the horizontal direction along trapezoidal screw.
The through-hole that the inner layer cylinder is arranged by side matches fixation, inner layer cylinder and outer layer cylinder with outer layer cylinder
Coaxially.The outer layer cylinder, inner layer cylinder are all made of plexiglass cylinder.
Further, the through-hole of inner layer cylinder side can pass through through-hole and the outer layer circle of different location at least provided with five
Cylinder cooperation, to realize the adjusting of inner layer cylinder and outer layer cylinder total height.
The outer layer cylinder is made of symmetrical two cylinders, the two cylinders are semicylindrical body shape, two cylinders
Upper opening, bottom have semicircular ring back cover, convenient for enhancing the stability of outer layer cylindrical structure；Two cylinder mistakes of outer layer cylinder
Opening is set, and forms aperture slots, air can enter cylinder interior, the open seam from this gap under thermal drivers or Mechanical Driven
Gap forms rotation circular rector after admitting air into cylinder, under the Thermal plume ascending motion coupling caused by rotation circular rector and burning
Generate fire whirl phenomenon.
Further, it symmetrically sets in outer layer bottom of cylinder there are two fluting, by fluting screw and trapezoidal screw
Sliding block connection, the screw of the connection at least uses 3, guarantees that outer layer cylinder will not be rotated at will；Servo motor driving
Trapezoidal screw rotation；The rotation of the trapezoidal screw moves sliding block in the horizontal direction, two cylinders of outer layer cylinder respectively with
Sliding block connection by the movement of sliding block, can drive two cylinders of outer layer cylinder mobile, to adjust two of outer layer cylinder
Aperture slots width between cylinder.
The fuel supply system includes fuel device and cartridge；The fuel device is fixed by above-mentioned four support screws
In external tooth type floating bearing inner ring, adjustable support screw rod height guarantees that fuel cassette is not directly contacted with cylinder back cover part, prevents
Only fuel cassette high temperature melting organic glass；It is connected by interface with cartridge in fuel device bottom, convenient for being increased and decreased by cartridge
Liquid fuel in fuel device.
Further, the fuel device includes pedestal, burner box；Fuel cassette is set on the base, burner box upper opening,
Fuel burns in the combustion chamber when use.
Further, relatively fixed above fuel cassette to have mechanical iris blade, the machinery iris blade construction includes
Blade base, blade, rocking bar, driver plate and driving lever, driver plate and blade base are circular ring shape, between driver plate inner circle and outer circle
It is distributed slanting rocking bar sliding groove evenly, is fixed with driving lever in driver plate side；Lead between the outer circle and inner circle of blade base
It crosses screw and is connected with rocking bar, independent sector is fixed on rocking bar and is connected, each sector is interspersed in blade
In the inner circle of pedestal, blade inner hole is formed；In use, driving rocking bar by stirring driving lever and driver plate, rocking bar is shaking with blade
It is slided in bar sliding groove, to change the position of blade stagger, and then changes the size of blade inner hole, it is further to adjust combustion
Magazine openings of sizes reaches control fire source scale purpose.For the security protection of equipment, annular cover plate is additionally provided on driver plate.
The servo motor is cooperated by bracket and external tooth type floating bearing outer ring, as driving power.
The machine governor is connected with servo motor；Machine governor is equipped with switch and rotational speed regulation button, passes through
Rotational speed regulation button adjusts motor speed, the electrodeless variable-speed of realization device rotating part.
The measuring device includes motor one, motor two, trapezoidal screw one, trapezoidal screw two, sliding block, measuring device branch
The measuring devices such as frame, thermocouple and anemobiagraph；Measuring device bracket is fixed on the hollow disk side of rotation, and motor one is fixed on survey
Measure appliance stand lower part, trapezoidal screw one connect by shaft coupling with motor one, motor one drive trapezoidal screw one to rotate thus
Height of the adjusting slider one on measuring device bracket；Metal plate is fixed on sliding block one, and motor two and trapezoidal silk are fixed on metal plate
Bar two, motor two connect trapezoidal screw two by shaft coupling, have sliding block two on trapezoidal screw two；Heat is fixed on sliding block two
The measuring devices such as galvanic couple and anemobiagraph；Motor two drives the rotation of trapezoidal screw two to move horizontally sliding block two；Motor one drives ladder
Shape screw rod one moves sliding block one in vertical direction, realizes temperature, the air speed data measurement of different height；Motor two is fixed
On sliding block one, motor two drives trapezoidal screw two to move sliding block two in the horizontal direction, realizes temperature in the horizontal direction
Degree, measuring wind speed, the two, which cooperates, can be achieved the temperature at any point in perpendicular, the DATA REASONINGs such as wind speed.
The controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, for carrying out the simulation of thermal drivers formula spontaneous induction fire whirl
It forces to induce fire whirl simulation with mechanically driver type.
The thermal drivers formula spontaneous induction fire whirl simulation, refers to after lighting fire source, forms life using present apparatus structure
At whirlpool, by central flame source spontaneous induction fire whirl.
The mechanically driver type is forced to induce fire whirl simulation, refers to forcing to apply outer put english using present apparatus structure
Change amount, which is formed, generates whirlpool, so that with certain initial rotation when environment liquid enters device, the Thermal plume caused by burning
Fire whirl is formed under ascending motion and rotation circular rector coupling.
When carrying out the simulation of thermal drivers formula spontaneous induction fire whirl, detailed process includes the following steps:
1) start motor three, driving trapezoidal screw rotation；The rotation of trapezoidal screw moves sliding block in the horizontal direction, outer layer cylinder
Two cylinders connect respectively with sliding block, two cylinders of outer layer cylinder can be driven mobile, to adjust by the movement of sliding block
Save the aperture slots width between two cylinders of outer layer cylinder；
2) fuel in fuel cassette is lighted, the fuel can use alcohol；With the progress of burning, in inner layer cylinder air by
Thermal expansion, density become smaller, and flow to vertical direction, formation convection column, in height in any point and environment in convection column
It will form a small pressure difference between certain point；Around surrounding air by the aperture slots that are formed in step 1) to convection current
Column movement, forms lateral Air Entrainment, under the complicated interaction of lateral Air Entrainment and Thermal plume ascending motion, commonly
Convection column disappear, replaced the cylindrical fire highly rotated, form fire whirl.
In the step 2, is cooperated by the through-hole using inside and outside layer cylinder sides different location and fixed, control internal layer
The total height of cylinder and outer layer cylinder studies the influence under different device function of height to fire whirl.
In the step 2, trapezoidal screw is driven to rotate using motor three, accurate two cylinders for adjusting outer layer cylinder
Aperture slots width to adjust volume suck air inflow, and then studies influence of the various inlet amount to fire whirl.
In the step 2, by stirring mechanical iris blade driving lever, fuel cassette openings of sizes is adjusted, to control
Fire source scale, and then study influence of the different fire source scales to fire whirl.
In the step 2, by cartridge, it can be achieved that increase and decrease liquid fuel dosage.
When carrying out mechanically driver type pressure induction fire whirl simulation, detailed process includes the following steps:
1) cooperated by the through-hole using inside and outside layer cylinder sides different location and fixed, control inner layer cylinder and outer layer cylinder
Total height；Start motor three, driving trapezoidal screw rotation, so that the aperture slots adjusted between two cylinders of outer layer cylinder are wide
Degree；
2) fuel in fuel cassette is lighted, the fuel can use alcohol；Start servo motor, servo motor is by having cooperated
Gear drive external tooth type floating bearing rotation, so that cylinder be made to rotate, the rotation of cylinder opens air fluid by step 1)
Mouth gap, which is formed, forces additional circular rector, and under the interaction for adding circular rector and Thermal plume ascending motion outside, common pond fire becomes
The fire whirl burning that high degree of spiral rises.
In the step 1), is cooperated by the through-hole using inside and outside layer cylinder sides different location and fixed, control internal layer
The total height of cylinder and outer layer cylinder, and then study when mechanically driver type is forced to induce fire whirl, different device height
To the influence of fire whirl under effect.
In the step 2, trapezoidal screw is driven to rotate using motor three, accurate two cylinders for adjusting outer layer cylinder
Aperture slots width to adjust air inlet amount, and then is studied when mechanically driver type is forced to induce fire whirl, different
Influence of the air inflow to fire whirl.
In the step 2, by stirring mechanical iris blade driving lever, fuel cassette openings of sizes is adjusted, to control
Fire source scale, and then study influence of the different fire source scales to fire whirl when mechanically driver type is forced to induce fire whirl.
In the step 2, setting speed regulating motor can be such that cylinder rotates, and in rotary course can with electrodeless variable-speed, from
And change the size of additional circular rector, and then study when mechanically driver type is forced to induce fire whirl, different additional circular rectors pair
The influence of fire whirl.
In the step 2, by cartridge, it can be achieved that increase and decrease liquid fuel dosage.
Invention advantage:
A kind of controllable fire whirl experiment simulation demonstrating apparatus of multi-drive type can control following parameter, but be not limited to following several parameters
Control:
1) by rotation trapezoidal screw, two cylinder opening gap widths of outer layer cylinder can be accurately adjusted, change air inflow.
2) pass through machine governor, it can be achieved that device electrodeless variable-speed rotates, the size of additional circular rector is forced in change.
3) by cooperation inner layer cylinder side difference through-hole, the total height of inner layer cylinder and outer layer cylinder is adjusted.
4) by stirring mechanical iris blade driving lever, pore size is accurately controlled, fire source scale is controlled.
5) pass through cartridge, it can be achieved that increase and decrease liquid fuel dosage.
The present apparatus can simulate the fire whirl under thermal drivers formula and two kinds of mechanically driver type different induced conditions simultaneously, and be arranged
Mechanical iris blade, which is realized, adjusts fire source scale, and using double-layered cylinder regulation and control cylinder total height, it is logical that floating bearing is arranged
It crosses machine governor and realizes electrodeless variable-speed, facilitate and carry out fire whirl characteristic and formation mechenism comparative study.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to attached drawing, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that a kind of controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type of the present invention tests simulation demonstrating apparatus；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type of the present invention tests simulation demonstrating apparatus positive structure schematic；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type of the present invention tests simulation demonstrating apparatus bottom substance schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation for the mechanical iris blade that a kind of controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type of the present invention tests simulation demonstrating apparatus
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the part-structure for the mechanical iris blade that a kind of controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type of the present invention tests simulation demonstrating apparatus
Exploded view；
Fig. 6 is the cover board signal for the mechanical iris blade that a kind of controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type of the present invention tests simulation demonstrating apparatus
Figure.
In figure: 1, external tooth type floating bearing；2, hollow disk is rotated；3, trapezoidal screw；4, motor three；5, sliding block；6, it fires
Magazine；7, cartridge；8, mechanical iris blade；9, outer layer cylinder；10, inner layer cylinder；11, measuring device bracket；12, motor
Two；13, motor one；14, measuring instrument；15, trapezoidal screw one；16, trapezoidal screw two；17, spur gear；18, shaft coupling；19,
Servo motor；20, substrate；21, screw rod support；22, sliding block one；23, metal plate；24, sliding block two；25, blade base；26, driving lever；
27, blade；28, rocking bar；29, driver plate；30, rocking bar sliding groove；31, cover board.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to attached drawing 1 to 3, a kind of controllable fire whirl experiment simulation demonstrating apparatus of multi-drive type includes that substrate 20, rotation are empty
Heart disk 2, outer layer cylinder 9, inner layer cylinder 10, trapezoidal screw 3 and sliding block, fuel supply system, mechanical iris blade 8, driving
Device and measuring device part；Above-mentioned component combination forms a total system.
Rotate hollow disk 2 be diameter 400mm, thickness 8mm poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, its open 8 diameters be 5mm screw thread
Hole, the through-hole of 4 diameter 6mm, the center circle that 1 diameter is 50mm, and opening 4 diameters around this center circle is 8mm's
Through-hole symmetrically opens the fluting of 2 long 160mm, width 10mm as track apart from center of circle 113.75mm.
Outer layer cylinder 9 is 2 semicylindrical body shape and structures, is divided into bottom back cover and cylinder two parts, bottom back cover internal diameter
For 296mm, outer diameter 360mm, thickness 6mm, increases poly (methyl methacrylate) plate apart from center of circle 50mm at it, open 8 diameters above it
The threaded hole of 4mm；Barrel diameter is 300mm, is highly 300mm, thickness 5mm, opens 6 diameters along the vertical direction in its side
The through-hole of 6mm, for first through-hole apart from bottom 16mm, remaining spacing is 50mm.
Inner layer cylinder 10 is 2 semicylindrical body shape and structures, and diameter 300mm is highly 300mm, with a thickness of 3mm,
Side bottom opens the through-hole of 2 diameter 6mm, and first through-hole is apart from bottom 16mm, and second apart from bottom 66mm.
Inner layer cylinder 10 is relatively fixed in outer layer cylinder 9 by screw, the outer wall of inner layer cylinder 10 and outer layer cylinder 9
Inner wall is overlapped, and positional relationship is concentric.Cooperated by the through-hole of inner layer cylinder side different location and outer layer cylinder, it can be achieved that
Regulating and controlling cylinder total height is the different heights such as 300mm, 350mm, 400mm, 450mm and 500mm, and then studies different height
Influence of the plexiglass cylinder to fire whirl.
Screw rod support 21 is connected using flat head screw with the threaded hole of 8 diameter 5mm of the hollow disk 2 of above-mentioned rotation, and 2
The diameter of a trapezoidal screw 3 is 8mm, and length is 350mm, screw lead 2mm.There are bearing, bearing in screw rod support 21
Side is equipped with jackscrew, can step up trapezoidal screw 3 with bearing jackscrew and connect with screw rod supporting bearing.Trapezoidal screw 3 has self-locking energy
Power, when no external force, can keep sliding block stationary.There is movable sliding block 5 on trapezoidal screw 3, sliding block 5 has diameter 4mm
Threaded hole, porose one side and rotate hollow 2 bottom of disk fitting on sliding block 5, guarantee that sliding block 5 will not be rotated axially.It is trapezoidal
3 one end of screw rod is connected by shaft coupling with motor 34, and motor 34 can drive the rotation of trapezoidal screw 3 to make sliding block 5 along screw rod water
Flat movement, every revolution, the mobile 2mm of sliding block 5.The threaded hole of 8 4mm is using flat on above-mentioned 9 bottom back cover part of outer layer cylinder
The sliding block 5 that head screw passes through above-mentioned track and rotates on hollow 2 bottom lower trapezoid screw rod 3 of disk connects, and rotation ladder can be realized
Shape screw rod 3 moves sliding block 5, so that cylinder be made to move integrally, realizes that accurate two cylinder gap openings for adjusting outer layer cylinder 9 are wide
Degree, and then control air inflow and wind speed.
The internal diameter of external tooth type floating bearing 1 is 65mm, outer diameter 135mm, total height 22mm, and modulus 2, the number of teeth is
70, inner round portion and outer perimeter section have diameter for the threaded hole of 8mm, and 4 screw rods are connected with 1 inner round portion of external tooth type floating bearing
Connect rotated as bracket hollow disk 2 using screw by 4 diameters be 8mm through-hole be fixed on outside external tooth type floating bearing 1
On circle.
Servo motor 19 is 2800r/min by the vertical fixation of bracket, empty load of motor maximum (top) speed, and diameter of axle 8mm passes through
Shaft coupling is connected with the connecting shaft of diameter 10mm with spur gear, spur gear internal diameter 10mm, modulus 2, the number of teeth 10, spur gear and
External tooth type floating bearing 1 cooperates, and realizes external tooth type floating bearing 1 and 19 rotating ratio of servo motor is 1:7.Servo motor 19 accesses
Power supply, connection machine governor realize electrodeless variable-speed, thus control external tooth type floating bearing 1 and rotate hollow 2 revolving speed of disk, into
And regulate and control the revolving speed of cylinder, realize control air inflow and additional circular rector size.
Fuel supply system includes fuel device and cartridge 7, and fuel device includes pedestal, burner box 6；The setting of fuel cassette 6 exists
On pedestal, 6 upper opening of burner box, fuel burns in the combustion chamber when use；The fuel device is solid by four support screws
Due to 1 inner ring of external tooth type floating bearing, adjustable support screw rod height guarantees that fuel cassette is not directly contacted with cylinder back cover part,
Prevent the organic glass of 6 high temperature melting cylinder of fuel cassette；It is connected by interface with cartridge 7 in fuel device bottom, convenient for logical
Cross the liquid fuel in the increase and decrease fuel device of cartridge 7.
Mechanical iris blade can be fixed on fuel cassette opening, the mechanical iris blade diameter of bore of change, that is, adjustable using fixture
6 openings of sizes of fuel cassette is controlled, to control flame height, fire source scale size and flame combustion rate.
Referring to attached drawing 4~6, mechanical 8 structure of iris blade includes blade base 25, blade 27, rocking bar 28, driver plate 29 and dials
Bar 26, driver plate 29 and blade base 25 are circular ring shape, are evenly distributed slanting rocking bar between the inner circle and outer circle of driver plate 29
Sliding groove 30 is fixed with driving lever 26 in 29 side of driver plate；Pass through screw activity between the outer circle and inner circle of blade base 25
It is connected with rocking bar 28, independent sector 27 is fixed on rocking bar 28 and is connected, each sector 27 is interspersed in blade base
In the inner circle of seat 25, blade inner hole is formed；In use, drive rocking bar 28 by stirring driving lever 26 and driver plate 29, rocking bar 28 with
Blade 27 slides in rocking bar sliding groove 30, to change the staggered position of blade 27, and then changes the size of blade inner hole, more
It is further to adjust 6 openings of sizes of fuel cassette, reach control fire source scale purpose.For the security protection of equipment, on driver plate
It is additionally provided with annular cover plate 31.
Drawn blade quantity does not represent the optimal number that the present invention designs in figure, only schematic diagram.Mechanical iris leaf
Piece outside diameter is 82mm, and maximum diameter of bore is 60mm, and with a thickness of 8mm, in the present embodiment, blade quantity is 18.Blade
Quantity is more, and the inner hole of formation is closer to circle.The mechanical controllable diameter of iris blade is 4-60mm.
The measuring device includes motor 1, motor 2 12, trapezoidal screw 1, trapezoidal screw 2 16, sliding block 5, surveys
Measure the measuring devices such as appliance stand 11, thermocouple and anemobiagraph；Measuring device bracket 11 is fixed on hollow 2 side of disk of rotation,
Motor 1 is fixed on 11 lower part of measuring device bracket, and trapezoidal screw 1 is connect by shaft coupling with motor 1, motor one
The 13 driving rotations of trapezoidal screw 1 are to height of the adjusting slider 1 on measuring device bracket 11；It is solid on sliding block 1
Determine metal plate 23, motor 2 12 and trapezoidal screw 2 16 are fixed on metal plate 23, motor 2 12 connects trapezoidal screw two by shaft coupling
16, there is on trapezoidal screw 2 16 sliding block 2 24；The measuring devices such as thermocouple and anemobiagraph are fixed on sliding block 2 24；Motor
The 2 12 driving rotations of trapezoidal screw 2 16 move horizontally sliding block 2 24；Motor 1 drives trapezoidal screw 1, makes sliding block one
22 move in vertical direction, realize the temperature of different height, air speed data measurement；Motor 2 12 is fixed on sliding block 1,
Motor 2 12 drives trapezoidal screw 2 16 to move sliding block 2 24 in the horizontal direction, realizes temperature in the horizontal direction, wind
Speed measurement, the two, which cooperates, can be achieved the temperature at any point in perpendicular, the DATA REASONINGs such as wind speed.
The controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, for carrying out the simulation of thermal drivers formula spontaneous induction fire whirl
It forces to induce fire whirl simulation with mechanically driver type.
The thermal drivers formula spontaneous induction fire whirl simulation, refers to after lighting fire source, forms life using present apparatus structure
At whirlpool, by central flame source spontaneous induction fire whirl.
The mechanically driver type is forced to induce fire whirl simulation, refers to using present apparatus structure, and pressure, which applies, forms life
At whirlpool so that with certain initial rotation when environment liquid enters device, the high-temperature gas caused by burning move upwards and
Fire whirl is formed under rotating fluid coupling.
The simulation process of thermal drivers formula spontaneous induction fire whirl includes: to drive trapezoidal screw to rotate using motor three, makes two
A outer cylinder offset for being divided into two generates aperture slots, lights the alcohol fuel in fuel cassette, with the progress of burning,
Air heats expand in plexiglass cylinder, and density becomes smaller, and flow to vertical direction, form convective tube, any in convective tube
With will form a small pressure difference between the certain point in height in point and environment.Then, the surrounding air of surrounding can pass through
Aperture slots are moved to convective tube, form lateral Air Entrainment, in the complexity of lateral Air Entrainment and Thermal plume ascending motion
Under interaction, common convective tube disappears, and replaced the cylinder-shaped flame highly rotated, forms fire whirl.
The control parameter that the simulation process of thermal drivers formula spontaneous induction fire whirl is related to: the fire in the case where simulating thermal drivers mode
Plexiglass cylinder total height can be controlled by the through-hole of the inside and outside layer cylinder sides different location of cooperation when whirlwind, research is different
To the influence of fire whirl under device function of height.It drives trapezoidal screw to rotate using motor three, can accurately adjust organic glass circle
Cylinder aperture slots width to adjust volume suck air inflow, and then studies influence of the various inlet amount to fire whirl.By dialling
Fuel cassette openings of sizes is adjusted in motivation tool iris blade driving lever, to control fire source scale, and then studies different fire source scales
Influence to fire whirl.
Mechanically driver type is forced to induce the simulation process of fire whirl to include: setting speed regulating motor, makes plexiglass cylinder
(cylinder of inside and outside cylinder composition) rotation, and can be with electrodeless variable-speed in rotary course.The rotation of plexiglass cylinder makes sky
Air-flow body is formed by aperture slots and forces additional circular rector, general under the interaction for adding circular rector and Thermal plume ascending motion outside
Logical pond fire becomes the fire whirl burning of high degree of spiral rising.
Mechanically driver type is forced to induce the control parameter of fire whirl simulation process: when fire whirl under Mechanical Driven mode
Plexiglass cylinder total height can be controlled by the through-hole of the inside and outside layer cylinder sides different location of cooperation, research different device is high
Influence under degree effect to fire whirl.It drives trapezoidal screw to rotate using motor three, can accurately adjust plexiglass cylinder opening
Gap width, since plexiglass cylinder is rotation status, the change of aperture slots width can make air inflow change, thus
Study influence of the various inlet amount to fire whirl under mechanically driver type.By stirring mechanical iris blade driving lever, fuel is adjusted
Box openings of sizes to control fire source scale, and then studies different fire source scales to the influence of mechanically driver type fire whirl.Pass through tune
Machine governor is saved, electrodeless variable-speed can be realized in plexiglass cylinder rotary course, changes plexiglass cylinder rotation speed,
To change the size of additional circular rector, and then study influence of the additional circular rector to fire whirl.
The present invention is by control driving device, it can be achieved that under simulation two kinds of driving methods of thermal drivers formula and mechanically driver type
Fire whirl, after actual use, fire source scale, device height, opening width can be controlled using apparatus of the present invention structure by demonstrating
Fire whirl under the parameter simulations difference operating conditions such as degree, rotation circular rector, facilitates the further research to fire whirl.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, it is characterised in that: including substrate, rotation open circles
Disk, outer layer cylinder, inner layer cylinder, trapezoidal screw and sliding block, fuel supply system, mechanical iris blade, driving device and measurement
Device part；
The outer layer cylinder, inner layer cylinder are arranged in above the hollow disk of rotation, form double-layered cylinder；
The trapezoidal screw and sliding block are fixed below the hollow disk of rotation, and are connect with outer layer cylinder, inner layer cylinder；
The fuel supply system is arranged in above the hollow disk of rotation；
The machinery iris blade arrangement is in the fuel supply system top, for adjusting blade opening and closing degree；
The measuring device is arranged in the hollow disk side of rotation, and measuring device, which can be realized, both horizontally and vertically to be moved；
The drive arrangement rotates hollow disk rotational for driving and provides drive in rotating below hollow disk between substrate
Power.
2. the controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type according to claim 1 tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, it is characterised in that: the drive
Dynamic device includes external tooth type floating bearing, servo motor, machine governor and shaft coupling；
The external tooth type floating bearing is fixed as bracket, external tooth type rotating shaft by bearing inner race part using four support screws
It holds inner round portion and external tooth type floating bearing outer perimeter section is provided with screw hole and has certain load-bearing capacity, inner ring when rotation
It does not rotate, outer ring rotating；
The inner circle of the hollow disk of rotation is connect and is consolidated across screw hole using screw with external tooth type floating bearing outer perimeter section
Fixed, the external gear of external tooth type floating bearing is mutually engaged with spur gear, and spur gear then passes through the transmission shaft of shaft coupling and servo motor
It is connected, servo motor then passes through that bracket is vertical to be fixed on substrate；The transmission shaft and spur gear coaxial rotating of servo motor, make
Spur gear is engaged with the external gear of external tooth type floating bearing and drives its rotation, to make to rotate hollow disk realization around external tooth type
Floating bearing center rotates smoothly；
The trapezoidal screw is fixed on the hollow disk bottom of rotation by two screw rod supports, has bearing, bearing in screw rod support
Side is equipped with jackscrew, clamps trapezoidal screw using bearing jackscrew and connect with screw rod supporting bearing；The trapezoidal screw has self-locking
Ability, when no external force, can keep sliding block stationary；Sliding block is close to rotor bottom, guarantees that sliding block not can rotate；Ladder
Shape screw rod connects servo motor by shaft coupling, and servo motor drives trapezoidal screw rotation, and trapezoidal screw rotation can make sliding block
It is steadily moved in the horizontal direction along trapezoidal screw；
The servo motor is cooperated by bracket and external tooth type floating bearing outer ring, as driving power；
The machine governor is connected with servo motor；Machine governor is equipped with switch and rotational speed regulation button, passes through rotation
Rotational speed regulation button adjusts motor speed, the electrodeless variable-speed of realization device rotating part.
3. the controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type according to claim 2 tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, it is characterised in that: in described
The through-hole that layer cylinder is arranged by side matches fixation with outer layer cylinder, and inner layer cylinder and outer layer cylinder are coaxial；The outer layer
Cylinder, inner layer cylinder are all made of plexiglass cylinder；
The outer layer cylinder is made of symmetrical two cylinders, the two cylinders are semicylindrical body shape, two cylinder tops
Opening, bottom have semicircular ring back cover, convenient for enhancing the stability of outer layer cylindrical structure；Two cylinders of outer layer cylinder, which are staggered, to be put
It sets, forms aperture slots, air can enter cylinder interior from this gap under thermal drivers or Mechanical Driven, and the aperture slots make
Air forms rotation circular rector after entering cylinder, generates under the Thermal plume ascending motion coupling caused by rotation circular rector and burning
Fire whirl phenomenon；
It symmetrically sets in outer layer bottom of cylinder there are two fluting, is connect by fluting screw with the sliding block on trapezoidal screw, institute
The screw for stating connection at least uses 3, guarantees that outer layer cylinder will not be rotated at will；Servo motor drives trapezoidal screw rotation；
The rotation of the trapezoidal screw moves sliding block in the horizontal direction, and two cylinders of outer layer cylinder are connect with sliding block respectively
By the movement of sliding block, drive two cylinders of outer layer cylinder mobile, to adjust opening between two cylinders of outer layer cylinder
Mouth gap width.
4. the controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type according to claim 3 tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, it is characterised in that: in described
The through-hole of layer cylinder sides can be cooperated, to realize internal layer at least provided with five by the through-hole and outer layer cylinder of different location
The adjusting of cylinder and outer layer cylinder total height.
5. the controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type according to claim 4 tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, it is characterised in that: the combustion
Expect that feedway includes fuel device and cartridge；The fuel device is fixed on external tooth type rotating shaft by above-mentioned four support screws
Inner ring is held, adjustable support screw rod height guarantees that fuel cassette is not directly contacted with cylinder back cover part, prevents fuel cassette high temperature melting
Change organic glass；It is connected by interface with cartridge in fuel device bottom, convenient for increasing and decreasing the liquid in fuel device by cartridge
Fuel；The fuel device includes pedestal, burner box；Fuel cassette is set on the base, burner box upper opening, and fuel exists when use
Burning Indoor Combustion；It is relatively fixed above fuel cassette to have mechanical iris blade.
6. the controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type according to claim 5 tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, it is characterised in that: the machine
Tool iris blade construction includes blade base, blade, rocking bar, driver plate and driving lever, and driver plate and blade base are circular ring shape, is being dialled
It is evenly distributed slanting rocking bar sliding groove between disk inner circle and outer circle, is fixed with driving lever in driver plate side；In blade base
Outer circle and inner circle between rocking bar is connected with by screw, independent sector is fixed on rocking bar and is connected, each sector
Blade stagger is distributed in the inner circle of blade base, forms blade inner hole；Annular cover plate is additionally provided on driver plate.
7. the controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type according to claim 5 or 6 tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, it is characterised in that: institute
State measuring device include motor one, motor two, trapezoidal screw one, trapezoidal screw two, sliding block, measuring device bracket, thermocouple and
The measuring devices such as anemobiagraph；Measuring device bracket is fixed on the hollow disk side of rotation, and motor one is fixed on measuring device bracket
Lower part, trapezoidal screw one are connect by shaft coupling with motor one, and motor one drives the rotation of trapezoidal screw one to adjusting slider one
Height on measuring device bracket；Metal plate is fixed on sliding block one, and motor two and trapezoidal screw two, motor two are fixed on metal plate
Trapezoidal screw two is connected by shaft coupling, there is sliding block two on trapezoidal screw two；Thermocouple and wind speed are fixed on sliding block two
The measuring devices such as instrument；Motor two drives the rotation of trapezoidal screw two to move horizontally sliding block two；Motor one drives trapezoidal screw one, makes
Sliding block one moves in vertical direction, realizes temperature, the air speed data measurement of different height；Motor two is fixed on sliding block one,
Motor two drives trapezoidal screw two to move sliding block two in the horizontal direction, realizes temperature in the horizontal direction, measuring wind speed,
The two, which cooperates, can be achieved the temperature at any point in perpendicular, the DATA REASONINGs such as wind speed.
8. the controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type as claimed in claim 7 tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, it is characterised in that: for carrying out heat
The simulation of drive-type spontaneous induction fire whirl and mechanically driver type are forced to induce fire whirl simulation；
The thermal drivers formula spontaneous induction fire whirl simulation, is referred to after lighting fire source, is formed using present apparatus structure and generate whirlpool,
By central flame source spontaneous induction fire whirl；
The mechanically driver type is forced to induce fire whirl simulation, refers to forcing to apply additional rotating ring using present apparatus structure
Amount, which is formed, generates whirlpool, so that the Thermal plume caused by burning rises with certain initial rotation when environment liquid enters device
Fire whirl is formed under movement and rotation circular rector coupling.
9. the controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type as claimed in claim 7 tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, which is characterized in that for carrying out heat
When drive-type spontaneous induction fire whirl is simulated, detailed process includes the following steps:
1) start motor three, driving trapezoidal screw rotation；The rotation of trapezoidal screw moves sliding block in the horizontal direction, outer layer cylinder
Two cylinders connect respectively with sliding block, two cylinders of outer layer cylinder can be driven mobile, to adjust by the movement of sliding block
Save the aperture slots width between two cylinders of outer layer cylinder；
2) fuel in fuel cassette is lighted, the fuel can use alcohol；With the progress of burning, in inner layer cylinder air by
Thermal expansion, density become smaller, and flow to vertical direction, formation convection column, in height in any point and environment in convection column
It will form a small pressure difference between certain point；Around surrounding air by the aperture slots that are formed in step 1) to convection current
Column movement, forms lateral Air Entrainment, under the complicated interaction of lateral Air Entrainment and Thermal plume ascending motion, commonly
Convection column disappear, replaced the cylindrical fire highly rotated, form fire whirl.
10. the controllable fire whirl of multi-drive type as claimed in claim 7 tests simulation demonstrating apparatus, which is characterized in that for carrying out
When mechanically driver type is forced to induce fire whirl simulation, detailed process includes the following steps:
1) cooperated by the through-hole using inside and outside layer cylinder sides different location and fixed, control inner layer cylinder and outer layer cylinder
Total height；Start motor three, driving trapezoidal screw rotation, so that the aperture slots adjusted between two cylinders of outer layer cylinder are wide
Degree；
2) fuel in fuel cassette is lighted, the fuel can use alcohol；Start servo motor, servo motor is by having cooperated
Gear drive external tooth type floating bearing rotation, so that cylinder be made to rotate, the rotation of cylinder opens air fluid by step 1)
Mouth gap, which is formed, forces additional circular rector, and under the interaction for adding circular rector and Thermal plume ascending motion outside, common pond fire becomes
The fire whirl burning that high degree of spiral rises.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112820162A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-18 | 四川洲集应急服务有限公司 | Fire situation simulation device for safety emergency training |
| CN113838357A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-24 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Container type tunnel fire inversion simulation device and method |
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2019
- 2019-09-26 CN CN201910914925.XA patent/CN110491238A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112820162A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-18 | 四川洲集应急服务有限公司 | Fire situation simulation device for safety emergency training |
| CN112820162B (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2022-05-13 | 四川洲集应急服务有限公司 | Fire situation simulation device for safety emergency training |
| CN113838357A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-24 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Container type tunnel fire inversion simulation device and method |
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