CN106017848B - A kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system - Google Patents
A kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106017848B CN106017848B CN201610381691.3A CN201610381691A CN106017848B CN 106017848 B CN106017848 B CN 106017848B CN 201610381691 A CN201610381691 A CN 201610381691A CN 106017848 B CN106017848 B CN 106017848B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
- G01N25/22—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures
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Abstract
A kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system, including fire whirl generating device and heat release rate measurement device containing multiple removable doors and sliding rail, heat release rate measurement device includes exhaust fume collecting hood, flue, gas analyzer, thermocouple and orifice flowmeter.The measuring system can simulate different openings width, different fuel form fire whirl phenomenon, and the changing rule of heat release rate and efficiency of combustion during fire whirl occurrence and development can also be accurately measured by various measuring cells.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fire hazard safety, in particular to a kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system.
Background technique
Fire whirl is a kind of rotation strong convection fire phenomena being common in forest and Urban Fires, has burn rate
The features such as high, burning is acutely, flame temperature is high.Currently, researchers at home and abroad pass through slit and rotation two kinds of fire whirls of curtain formula
Simulator carries out experimental study to fire whirl, and research contents is concentrated mainly on the inducement mechanism, burn rate, flame of fire whirl
Height and thermo parameters method etc. all achieve certain achievement in terms of theoretical and experiment.But it is corresponding due to lacking
Experimental provision, the research to the heat release rate and efficiency of combustion of fire whirl is almost blank, is lacked to varying environment condition
Under (pressure, oxygen concentration etc.), quantitative point of different operating condition (air inflow, opening width and food tray size etc.) fire whirl efficiencies of combustion
Analysis, therefore to comprehensive and deep understanding that the efficiency of combustion characteristic aspect of fire whirl lacks.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
In order to make up deficiency of the existing experimental provision in terms of heat release rate and efficiency of combustion measurement, the present invention provides one
Kind fire whirl heat release rate measurement device.
(2) technical solution
The present invention provides a kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system, comprising:
Fire whirl generating device, including multiple removable doors and sliding rail further include food tray or fuel jet mouth, wherein
The removable door is configured around fire whirl generating device, and is opened and closed by sliding rail；
The food tray or fuel jet mouth are set to inside fire whirl generating device；
Heat release rate measurement device, including exhaust fume collecting hood, flue, gas analyzer, thermocouple and orifice flowmeter,
In,
On the top of fire whirl generating device, the other end is connect one end the cover of the exhaust fume collecting hood with flue；
Arrangement gas analyzer, thermocouple and orifice flowmeter in the flue.
Preferably, the removable door surrounds fire whirl generating device spaced set, and the number of door is 4-12.
Preferably, the sliding rail is arranged in the upper and lower part of fire whirl generating device, the removable door along top and
The sliding rail of lower part is opened and closed.
Preferably, on the sliding rail of lower part or its underpart is also equipped with scale.
Preferably, the direction open at one end of the exhaust fume collecting hood is vertical with other end opening direction, and the cover is sent out in fire whirl
The fire whirl generating device open at one end that is greater than of generating apparatus is open.
Preferably, the gas analyzer is flue gas analyzer annular sampler, and ring is located in the flue.
Preferably, the heat release rate measurement device further includes speed change axial flow blower, is set in the flue and leans on
On the position of nearly exhaust fume collecting hood.
Preferably, the thermocouple is armoured thermocouple.
Preferably, the orifice flowmeter is arranged along the axis of flue, and including sampling aperture, samples opening up for aperture
Direction is opposite with airflow direction.
Preferably, the gas analyzer, thermocouple and orifice flowmeter according to be gradually distance from flue and collection flue adapter
Position setting.
(3) beneficial effect
Through the above technical solutions, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) system can simulate different openings width, different fuel form (oil sump burning or jet combustion) or fire source
Size fire whirl phenomenon；
(2) heat is released during the system can also accurately measure fire whirl occurrence and development by various measuring cells
Put the changing rule of rate and efficiency of combustion.
It (3), can be by adjusting fire rotation by that will combine fire whirl simulator with heat release rate measurement device
Each parameter of wind burning, measures the heat release rate of fuel under different intakes and fire source size condition.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the fire whirl analogue measurement system side structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the fire whirl analogue measurement system overlooking structure figure of inventive embodiments.
Components are respectively as follows: in figure
1. removable door, 2. sliding rails, 3. food trays or fuel jet mouth,
4. exhaust fume collecting hood, 5. flues, 6. gas analyzers,
7. speed change axial flow blower, 8. thermocouples, 9. orifice flowmeters.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.In the description, the same or similar drawing reference numeral instruction is same or similar
Component.
It is following to be intended to explain present general inventive concept of the invention referring to explanation of the attached drawing to the embodiment of the present invention, and
It is not construed as to a kind of limitation of the invention.
Referring to shown in each view of Fig. 1-2, general plotting according to the present invention provides a kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system,
It include: fire whirl generating device and the heat release rate measurement device including multiple measuring units, which can not only test
The fire whirl phenomenon of different operating conditions is simulated, and can accurately measure heat release rate and combustion during fire whirl occurrence and development
Burn the changing rule of efficiency.
Below by the fire whirl device of the fire whirl analogue measurement system to the present embodiment and heat release rate measurement dress
It sets and corresponding measuring unit is described in detail.
According to an embodiment of the invention, fire whirl generating device includes multiple removable doors 1 and sliding rail 2, it further include food tray
Or fuel jet mouth 3.The effect of fire whirl device is to generate different openings width, different fuel form and different operating conditions
Fire whirl needs the common cooperation by above-mentioned component.
Wherein, it moves door 1 to be configured around fire whirl generating device, and is opened and closed by sliding rail 2.Removable door
1 can be in any stop of sliding rail 2, to produce different openings, respective external air-flow size also accordingly changes.It is described removable
Dynamic door 1 can surround fire whirl generating device spaced set, and the number of door is a for 4-12, and preferably 4, such as setting four
Door, then surround a four sides cylindrical space.Preferably, the material for moving door 1 is the material of flame resistant high temperature, preferably not
Become rusty steel or tempered glass, is further preferably tempered glass materials.Shape for moving door 1 occurs according to fire whirl
Depending on the exterior contour of device, it is to facilitate and opened and closed with its outline.Preferably rectangle, sector or square,
Further preferred is rectangle, and the size for example can be 40cm × 100cm.
Wherein, sliding rail 2 is set as being opened and closed convenient for removable door 1.Optionally, it is filled as shown in Figure 2 in fire whirl
The upper and lower part set offers sliding rail 2, and the quantity of sliding rail 2 can be 2 times of removable door, or fill in fire whirl
The upper and lower part set opens up the whole sliding rail around whole device.Removable door 1 is embedded in sliding rail 2, along upper and lower part
Sliding rail 2 opened and closed.Preferably, the material of the sliding rail 2 is preferably steel or tempered glass, is further preferably steel
Material.
Preferably, on the sliding rail 2 of lower part or its underpart is also equipped with scale, and the folding for measuring removable door 1 is wide
Degree.
Wherein, the food tray or fuel jet mouth 3 are set to inside fire whirl generating device, for providing stable flame
Source.Preferably, food tray or fuel jet mouth 3 are located at the central location of fire whirl generating device, more conducively generation fire whirl.
According to an embodiment of the invention, shown in Figure 1, heat release rate measurement device, including exhaust fume collecting hood 4, flue 5,
Gas analyzer 6, thermocouple 8 and orifice flowmeter 9, wherein one end the cover of the exhaust fume collecting hood 4 is in fire whirl generating device
Top, the other end are connect with flue 5；Arrangement gas analyzer 6, thermocouple 8 and orifice flowmeter 9 in the flue 5.Heat release
It is fast that rate determination device is arranged as heat release during capable of accurately measuring fire whirl occurrence and development by various measuring cells
The changing rule of rate and efficiency of combustion.
Wherein, for exhaust fume collecting hood 4 for collecting combustion product gases, one end opening direction is vertical with other end opening direction, and covers
The fire whirl generating device open at one end that is greater than covered in fire whirl generating device is open, and two opening directions are preferably closed at vertical
System, wherein vertical with horizontal direction with the opening being connect with flue 5 of exhaust fume collecting hood 4.4 the cover of exhaust fume collecting hood is in fire whirl generating device
The lower dimension of opening is slightly larger than 2 size of sliding rail, allows to be buckled on the sliding rail 2 on top.
Wherein, flue 5 is hollow structure, and so that high-temperature flue gas passes through, preferred flue cross section is circle or rectangular, into
The preferred flue cross section of one step is square (such as having a size of 11cm × 11cm), and each measuring cell arranged in flue is with not shadow
Flue gas stream is rung to be limited.
Wherein, flue gas analyzer 6 is set to inside flue 5, and it is dense mainly to measure oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
Degree.Preferably, its most short (preferably distance interface with a distance from the interface of exhaust fume collecting hood 4 and flue 5 in each component of flue
Locate 70cm).Preferably, flue gas analyzer is flue gas analyzer annular sampler, and ring is located in flue 5.
Wherein, heat release rate measurement device can also include speed change axial flow blower 7, be set to close in the flue
On the position of exhaust fume collecting hood 4.Compared with the position of flue gas analyzer 6, flue 5 from the interface of exhaust fume collecting hood 4 and flue 5 away from
From slightly remote (for example, 90cm).Variable-speed shaft stream wind speed 7 should ensure that flue gas flow not less than 0.024m3/s。
Wherein, thermocouple 8 is used to measure the real time temperature of flue gas.Even 8 its axis for being set to the flue 5 of preferred thermoelectric
Position.Compared with the position of variable-speed shaft blower 7, flue 5 from the interface of exhaust fume collecting hood 4 and flue 5 distance slightly far (such as
Positioned at 6 rear end 25cm of flue gas analyzer).
Preferably, the thermocouple 8 is armoured thermocouple, outer diameter size 1-1.6mm.
Wherein, orifice flowmeter 9 be used for measuring flow, the flow-meter probe measurement analog signal by data control with
Data acquisition device is connected to host.The orifice flowmeter 9 arranges along the axis of flue 5, and including sampling aperture (in figure
It is not shown), sample aperture opens up direction and airflow direction on the contrary, to prevent flue dust from blocking aperture.
Compared with the position of thermocouple 8, flue 5 from the interface of exhaust fume collecting hood 4 and flue 5 distance slightly far (such as
At 15cm after thermocouple 8).
The fire whirl analogue measurement system principle of the present embodiment is as follows:
When the fuel in food tray or fuel jet mouth 3 is ignited, the air above combustion product and fire source is in heat buoyancy
Driving is lower to be risen, and air tangentially enters cylindrical space from the gap at four sides and supplemented, and forms rotary pneumatic under the action of torque
Stream.Under the interaction of rotational momentum and Thermal plume ascending motion, common pond fire becomes the fire rotation of high degree of spiral rising
Wind burning.
Combustion product and air enter flue 5 under the action of speed change axial flow blower 7, through exhaust fume collecting hood 4, pass through gas analysis
Instrument 6 measures oxygen concentration, and thermocouple 8 measures flue-gas temperature, and orifice flowmeter 9 determines flue gas stream by measuring orifice plate two sides pressure difference
Amount, the final heat release rate using oxygen consumption method measurement fire whirl burning.Then, in conjunction with the mass loss rate of fuel combustion and
The calorific value of fuel obtains the unit heat release rate and efficiency of combustion of fuel.
The characteristics of present apparatus, is: fire whirl simulator being combined with heat release rate measurement device, can be passed through
Gap opening width and fire source size are adjusted, the heat release rate of fuel under different intakes and fire source size condition is measured.Together
When, which applies also for the changing rule of fire whirl efficiency of combustion under research varying environment condition (pressure, oxygen concentration etc.).It should
Device provides the basis of experiment to the combustion characteristics for further appreciating that fire whirl.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Describe in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system, characterized by comprising:
Fire whirl generating device, including multiple removable doors and sliding rail further include food tray or fuel jet mouth, wherein
The removable door is configured around food tray or fuel jet mouth, and is opened and closed by sliding rail；
The food tray or fuel jet mouth are set to inside fire whirl generating device；
Heat release rate measurement device, including exhaust fume collecting hood, flue, gas analyzer, thermocouple and orifice flowmeter, wherein
On the top of fire whirl generating device, the other end is connect one end the cover of the exhaust fume collecting hood with flue；
Arrangement gas analyzer, thermocouple and orifice flowmeter in the flue；The removable door is penetrated around food tray or fuel
Head piece spaced set, the number of door are 4-12；The sliding rail is arranged in the upper and lower part of fire whirl generating device, described
Removable sliding rail of the door along upper and lower part is opened and closed.
2. fire whirl analogue measurement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on the sliding rail of lower part or its underpart
It is also equipped with scale.
3. fire whirl analogue measurement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the side open at one end of the exhaust fume collecting hood
To vertical with other end opening direction, and the cover is opened in the fire whirl generating device open at one end that is greater than of fire whirl generating device
Mouthful.
4. fire whirl analogue measurement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gas analyzer is flue gas point
Analyzer annular sampler, ring are located in the flue.
5. fire whirl analogue measurement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat release rate measurement device
Further include speed change axial flow blower, is set in the flue on the position of exhaust fume collecting hood.
6. fire whirl analogue measurement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thermocouple is armouring thermoelectricity
It is even.
7. fire whirl analogue measurement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the orifice flowmeter is along flue
Axis arrangement, and including sampling aperture, sample aperture to open up direction opposite with airflow direction.
8. fire whirl analogue measurement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gas analyzer, thermocouple
It is arranged with orifice flowmeter according to the position for being gradually distance from flue and collection flue adapter.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610381691.3A CN106017848B (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2016-05-27 | A kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610381691.3A CN106017848B (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2016-05-27 | A kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system |
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| CN106017848A CN106017848A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN106017848B true CN106017848B (en) | 2019-01-22 |
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| CN109632883B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-11-12 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | A kind of calorimetric method based on large-scale Calorimetry system |
| CN110376247A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-25 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of lithium ion battery combustion experiment platform |
| CN113899579A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-07 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | Heat-driven fire cyclone simulation experiment device |
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| CN101145296A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-03-19 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire vortex experimental facility |
| CN103542996A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-29 | 南京理工大学 | Six-sided fire whirl experimental apparatus |
| CN205785746U (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-12-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system |
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2016
- 2016-05-27 CN CN201610381691.3A patent/CN106017848B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101145296A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-03-19 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire vortex experimental facility |
| CN103542996A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-29 | 南京理工大学 | Six-sided fire whirl experimental apparatus |
| CN205785746U (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-12-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of fire whirl analogue measurement system |
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| Simulations of Swirling Fires Controlled by Channeled Self-generated Entrainment Flows;Satoh.K 等;《Fire Safety Science》;19971231;第201-212页 |
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