CN110483039B - 一种用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019580 granularity Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 mineralizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将氧化锆与氧化镁按质量比为(96‑97.5%):(2.5‑4%)的比例混合,获得混合原料;(2)将获得的混合原料于800‑4000KW的条件下进行熔炼,熔炼时间为100‑120min,获得所述镁稳定锆。本发明的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,可获得优质的镁稳定锆,进而将其用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器后,可提高制备获得的泡沫陶瓷过滤器的成品率以及品质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及镁稳定锆的制备,特别涉及一种用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法。
背景技术
铸钢及高温合金在浇铸成型的过程中,由于金属熔液中会存在一些夹杂物,这些夹杂若存留在制品中,制品内部就会形成缺陷,致使制品性能下降。泡沫陶瓷过滤器的出现,能够有效出去金属熔液中的夹杂物,改善组织结构,避免制品出现内部缺陷,进而降低制品废品率。
用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的材料主要有SiC、SiO2、Al2O3、ZrO2等单一或复合材料,其中,ZrO2质由于其具有2700℃以上的高熔点,用来制备使用温度更高的金属溶体过滤是最适合的。ZrO2有三种晶体结构,单斜相作为常温稳定相具有在升温(1200℃)体积收缩,而降温(1000℃)体积膨胀的特性,因此无法直接用于制备陶瓷过滤器。稳定剂的添加能够有效抑制因相变产生的体积效应,常用的稳定剂有CaO、MgO、Y2O3、CeO等。
目前,镁稳定锆质的泡沫陶瓷过滤器被广泛应用于铸钢及高温合金浇铸成型中,其生产工艺大部分都是使用超细单斜氧化锆粉体,添加一定比例化学氧化镁粉及矿化剂、粘结剂和水,混合配制成浆料,再用聚氨酯泡沫浸渍,通过挤压、干燥及高温煅烧的方式制备而成的。上述方法对氧化锆、氧化镁等原料的粒度要求非常高,通常需要中粒径在1-8um之间,以满足氧化锆和氧化镁在高温煅烧时反应的活性。通常情况下,原料粒度越细,烧结成型时,体积收缩量越大,这也使该方法生产的陶瓷过滤器内部会存在一定的缺陷,废品率很高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,可获得优质的镁稳定锆,进而将其用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器后,可提高制备获得的泡沫陶瓷过滤器的成品率以及品质。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将氧化锆与氧化镁按质量比为(96-97.5%):(2.5-4%)的比例混合,获得混合原料;
(2)将获得的混合原料于800-4000KW的条件下进行熔炼,熔炼时间为100-120min,获得所述镁稳定锆。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本申请的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,其制备获得的镁稳定锆具有杂质含量低、成分均匀、稳定化率适中及烧结性能高的优点,将其用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器时,可将粒度放宽至6-30um,相较于现有的使用氧化锆粉体、氧化镁粉等为原料的制备工艺,其烧结成型时体积收缩量可明显改善,大大提高了制备获得的泡沫陶瓷过滤器成品率及制品的品质。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、所实现目的及效果,以下结合实施方式予以说明。
本发明最关键的构思在于:设计上述氧化锆与氧化镁的原料配比以及与上述具体熔炼条件的配合设计。
本发明提供一种用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将氧化锆与氧化镁按质量比为(96-97.5%):(2.5-4%)的比例混合,获得混合原料;
(2)将获得的混合原料于800-4000KW的条件下进行熔炼,熔炼时间为100-120min,获得所述镁稳定锆。
从上述描述可知,本发明的有益效果在于:
本申请的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,其制备获得的镁稳定锆具有杂质含量低、成分均匀、稳定化率适中及烧结性能高的优点,将其用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器时,可将粒度放宽至6-30um,相较于现有的使用氧化锆粉体、氧化镁粉等为原料的制备工艺,其烧结成型时体积收缩量可明显改善,大大提高了制备获得的泡沫陶瓷过滤器成品率及制品的品质。
进一步的,将获得的镁稳定锆进行造粒。
进一步的,于密闭条件下采用压缩空气对获得的镁稳定锆进行喷吹造粒,所述压缩空气的压力为0.5MPa以上。
进一步的,所述压缩空气的压力为0.8MPa以上。
进一步的,将造粒后的镁稳定锆进行研磨,制成中粒径在3-30um的粉体。
进一步的,步骤(1)中,采用氧化锆空心球与电熔镁砂作为原料,将氧化锆空心球与电熔镁砂混合;所述氧化锆空心球中含有以下质量百分含量的化学成分:0.2%以下的SiO2、0.2%以下的Al2O3、0.05%以下的Fe2O3和98.5%以上的ZrO2;所述电熔镁砂中含有以下质量百分含量的化学成分:1%以下的SiO2、1%以下的CaO和98%以上的MgO。
进一步的,所述电熔镁砂的粒径为40目以下。
本发明的具体实施例如下:
实施例1
本实施例的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,以及将制备获得的镁稳定锆用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将氧化锆空心球与电熔镁砂按质量百分比为96.2%:3.8%进行配料,配料总量为1000kg,然后混合均匀;
使用的氧化锆空心球的化学成分为:SiO2:0.12%、Al2O3:0.17%、Fe2O3:0.045%,ZrO2:99.1%;使用的电熔镁砂的化学成分为:SiO2:0.6%,CaO:0.8%,MgO:98.2%;
(2)使用功率为1800KW电弧炉,一次性将上述混合好的原料投入到电炉中,熔炼约110分钟,使用压力为0.8MPa的压缩空气进行喷吹,喷吹后待产品冷却至是室温后,进行收集;
上述喷吹后,得到的镁稳定锆的外观颜色呈黄棕色,颗粒形态为6mm以下的实心球形;
(3)收集的镁稳定锆产品经气流磨加工,加工成粒度分别为中粒径6-8um(细),10-15um(中)和20-25um(粗)三种粒度的粉料。
(4)上述粉料按粗:中:细为2:1:7的比例进行混合,添加0.5%氧化钇、0.3%PVA和水,制成浓度为55%的浆料,再使用10-30PPI的聚氨酯泡沫进行浸渍,再经挤压、烘干及高温煅烧成型,获得高品质的泡沫陶瓷过滤器,经测试,成品率可达99%。
实施例2
本实施例的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,以及将制备获得的镁稳定锆用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将氧化锆空心球与电熔镁砂按质量百分比为96.8%:3.2%进行配料,配料总量为1000kg,然后混合均匀;
使用的氧化锆空心球的化学成分为:SiO2:0.18%、Al2O3:0.17%、Fe2O3:0.045%,ZrO2:99.0%;使用的电熔镁砂的化学成分为:SiO2:0.6%,CaO:0.8%,MgO:98.2%;
(2)使用功率为1800KW电弧炉,一次性将上述混合好的原料投入到电炉中,熔炼约110分钟,使用压力为0.8MPa的压缩空气进行喷吹,喷吹后待产品冷却至是室温后,进行收集;
上述喷吹后,得到的镁稳定锆的外观颜色呈黄棕色,颗粒形态为6mm以下的实心球形;
(3)收集的镁稳定锆产品经气流磨加工,加工成粒度分别为中粒径6-8um(细),10-15um(中)和20-25um(粗)三种粒度的粉料。
(4)上述粉料按粗:中:细为2:1:7的比例进行混合,添加1%氧化钇、0.5%PVA结剂和水,制成浓度为60%的浆料,再使用10-30PPI的聚氨酯泡沫进行浸渍,再经挤压、烘干及高温煅烧成型,获得高品质的泡沫陶瓷过滤器,经测试,成品率可达99.5%。
实施例3
本实施例的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,以及将制备获得的镁稳定锆用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将氧化锆空心球与电熔镁砂按质量百分比为96.6%:3.4%进行配料,配料总量为2000kg,然后混合均匀;
使用氧化锆空心球的化学成分为:SiO2:0.08%、Al2O3:0.15%、Fe2O3:0.035%,ZrO2:99.3%;使用电熔镁砂的化学成分为:SiO2:0.6%,CaO:0.8%,MgO:98.2%;
(2)使用功率为3200KW电弧炉,一次性将上述混合好的原料投入到电炉中,熔炼约110分钟,使用压力为0.8MPa的压缩空气进行喷吹,喷吹后待产品冷却至是室温后,进行收集;
上述喷吹后,得到的镁稳定锆的外观颜色呈黄棕色,颗粒形态为6mm以下的实心球形;
(3)收集的镁稳定锆产品经球磨加工,加工成粒度分别为中粒径6-8um(细),10-15um(中)和20-25um(粗)三种粒度的粉料。
(4)上述粉料按粗:中:细为2:2:6的比例进行混合,添加0.6%氧化铝、0.3%PVA和水,制成浓度为53%的浆料,再使用10-30PPI的聚氨酯泡沫进行浸渍,再经挤压、烘干及高温煅烧成型,获得高品质的泡沫陶瓷过滤器,经测试,成品率可达99.2%。
实施例4
本实施例的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,以及将制备获得的镁稳定锆用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)使用实施例3中收集的镁稳定锆实心球,经球磨加工,制成中粒径为3-5um的粉料。
(2)上述粉料,添加0.5%CaO、0.3%PVA和水,制成浓度为57%的浆料,再使用10-30PPI的聚氨酯泡沫进行浸渍,再经挤压、烘干及高温煅烧成型,获得高品质的泡沫陶瓷过滤器,经测试,成品率可达99.3%。
综上所述,本发明提供的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,可获得优质的镁稳定锆,进而将其用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器后,可提高制备获得的泡沫陶瓷过滤器的成品率以及品质。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等同变换,或直接或间接运用在相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将氧化锆与氧化镁按质量比为(96-97.5%):(2.5-4%)的比例混合,获得混合原料;
其中,采用氧化锆空心球与电熔镁砂作为原料,将氧化锆空心球与电熔镁砂混合;所述氧化锆空心球中含有以下质量百分含量的化学成分:0.2%以下的SiO2、0.2%以下的Al2O3、0.05%以下的Fe2O3和98.5%以上的ZrO2;所述电熔镁砂中含有以下质量百分含量的化学成分:1%以下的SiO2、1%以下的CaO和98%以上的MgO;
(2)将获得的混合原料于800-4000kW的条件下进行熔炼,熔炼时间为100-120min,获得所述镁稳定锆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,其特征在于,将获得的镁稳定锆进行造粒。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,其特征在于,于密闭条件下采用压缩空气对获得的镁稳定锆进行喷吹造粒,所述压缩空气的压力为0.5MPa以上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,其特征在于,所述压缩空气的压力为0.8MPa以上。
5.根据权利要求2-4任意一项所述的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,其特征在于,将造粒后的镁稳定锆进行研磨,制成中粒径在3-30μm的粉体。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于制备泡沫陶瓷过滤器的镁稳定锆的制备方法,其特征在于,所述电熔镁砂的粒径为40目以下。
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