CN110465542B - Device and method for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption - Google Patents
Device and method for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 173
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 104
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
- B09B3/45—Steam treatment, e.g. supercritical water gasification or oxidation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption, wherein the device comprises a material preheating analysis unit and a cascade analysis unit; the cascade analysis unit comprises a plurality of reverse analysis pipes; the reverse analysis tube comprises a second heating shell and an analysis material channel sleeved in the second heating shell; a material pushing auger is arranged in the analysis material channel; the analytic material channels of the reverse analytic tubes are mutually connected in series end to end; a main burner is arranged at a discharge hole of the cascading analytic unit; and a discharge hole of the material preheating analysis unit is communicated with a feed hole of the cascading analysis unit. The invention greatly saves the treatment cost, and has small occupied area, strong treatment capacity and low investment and operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic pollution solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a device and a method for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption.
Background
In the existing organic pollution solid waste treatment field, a thermal desorption technology is used for carrying out preliminary thermal treatment on solid waste, so that the solid waste is subjected to the actions of evaporation, distillation, boiling, oxidization, pyrolysis and the like, and harmful gas components are preliminarily separated from the solid waste, so that the method is one of common treatment methods.
In the prior art, a single desorption tube is generally used, and the solid waste in the desorption tube generates a thermal desorption effect through a heat exchange mode. Thermal desorption is inefficient because the solid waste needs to stay in the desorption tube for a long time. The efficiency of thermal desorption can be increased by increasing the temperature, but this consumes a large amount of fuel. Moreover, in order to make the solid waste fully react, the longer the pipe length of the analysis pipe is, the better the effect is, but this causes the whole equipment to be too large in size, and is unfavorable for carrying and installation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a device and a method for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption, which can extract and separate high-concentration organic matters in the organic pollution solid waste.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a device for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption comprises a material preheating analysis unit and a cascade analysis unit; the material preheating analysis unit comprises a first heating shell and a preheating material channel sleeved in the first heating shell; a propeller blade is arranged in the preheating material channel; the cascade analysis unit comprises a plurality of reverse analysis pipes; the reverse analysis tube comprises a second heating shell and an analysis material channel sleeved in the second heating shell; a material pushing auger is arranged in the analysis material channel; the analytic material channels of the reverse analytic tubes are mutually connected in series end to end; a main burner is arranged at the discharge port side of the cascading analytic unit; and a discharge hole of the material preheating analysis unit is communicated with a feed hole of the cascading analysis unit.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the device also comprises a thermal oxidation quenching unit and a circulating water condensation unit; the exhaust port of the material preheating analysis unit is communicated with the air inlet of the circulating water condensation unit; the liquid outlet of the circulating water condensing unit is communicated with the liquid inlet of the quenching device in the thermal oxidation quenching unit; and an exhaust port of the cascading analysis unit is communicated with an air inlet of the thermal oxidation quenching unit.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the first heating shell is of a hollow structure, and the hollow part is a heat exchange interlayer; the propeller blade is of a hollow structure; the exhaust port of the thermal oxidation quenching unit is communicated with the first heating shell and the propeller blade.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the thermal oxidation quenching unit comprises a cyclone separator, a secondary combustion chamber, an air heat exchanger, a quenching tank and a bag-type dust remover; the analytic gas outlet of the cascading analytic unit is communicated with the dust-containing gas inlet of the cyclone separator; the particle recovery outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the particle recovery inlet of the cascade analytic unit; the filtered gas outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the combustion gas inlet of the secondary combustion chamber; the post-combustion gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is communicated with a gas inlet to be heat-exchanged of the air heat exchanger; the heat-exchanged gas outlet of the air heat exchanger is communicated with the gas inlet to be cooled of the quenching tank; and the cooled gas outlet of the quenching tank is communicated with the raw gas inlet of the bag-type dust collector.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the circulating water condensation unit comprises a high-temperature gas condensation compression tank, an oil-water separation tank, an oil storage tank, a cooling tower and a wastewater treatment tank; the high-temperature gas inlet of the high-temperature gas condensation compression tank is communicated with the extraction gas outlet of the material preheating analysis unit; the oil-water outlet of the high-temperature gas condensation compression tank is communicated with the oil-water inlet of the oil-water separation tank; the oil outlet of the oil-water separation tank is communicated with the oil storage tank; the sewage outlet of the oil-water separation tank is communicated with the water inlet to be cooled of the cooling tower; the cooled water outlet of the cooling tower is communicated with the wastewater inlet of the wastewater treatment tank; the wastewater outlet of the wastewater treatment tank is communicated with the liquid inlet of the quenching device in the thermal oxidation quenching unit.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the device also comprises a discharging cooling unit; the discharging cooling unit comprises a discharging air lock and a discharging jacket spraying screw; the feed inlet of the discharge air lock is communicated with the discharge outlet of the cascade analysis unit; the discharge port of the discharge air lock is communicated with the feed port of the discharge jacket spray screw; the discharge jacket spray screw comprises a shell and a material pushing auger arranged in the shell; and a spraying system is further arranged on the inner wall of the shell.
A method for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption comprises the following steps:
indirectly heating the material in the material preheating analysis unit to carry out thermal desorption to generate extraction gas and a preheated material;
after the extracted gas is treated by a circulating water condensation unit, the extracted oil and the non-condensable gas are separated; the extracted oil enters an oil storage tank; the noncondensable gas is led into a thermal oxidation quenching unit for thermal oxidation treatment; the condensed water obtained by the circulating water condensing unit is led into the thermal oxidation quenching unit for rapidly cooling the substances;
the preheated material enters a cascading analysis unit to carry out high-temperature flue gas direct thermal desorption to generate analysis gas and treated solid; the resolved gas enters the thermal oxidation quenching unit to realize particle separation, thermal oxidation and quenching treatment; and the treated solid enters a discharging cooling unit for spray cooling.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the treatment steps in the circulating water condensing unit are specifically as follows:
condensing and compressing the extraction gas to produce an oil-water mixture and a non-condensable gas; the noncondensable gas is introduced into a thermal oxidation quenching unit for thermal oxidation treatment;
separating the oil-water mixture into the extracted oil and sewage, the extracted oil being stored; the sewage is cooled and then returned to a high-temperature gas condensation compression tank;
and (3) treating the condensed water obtained when the extracted gas is condensed, and enabling the condensed water to flow into the thermal oxidation quenching unit for rapidly cooling substances after the condensed water is qualified in treatment.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the treatment steps in the thermal oxidation quenching unit are specifically as follows:
separating particulate matter in the resolved gas; recovering the particulate matter to a cascade analysis unit; secondary combustion of the resolved gas after separation of the particulate matters; the burnt gas is subjected to heat exchange through an air heat exchanger; the heated air is used as combustion air of a main burner of the cascade analysis unit and an auxiliary burner of the thermal oxidation quenching unit; carrying out rapid cooling treatment on the cooled gas; and after the gas subjected to rapid cooling is subjected to dust removal, the gas is led into the material preheating and resolving unit for preheating feeding.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the technical scheme disclosed by the invention is that direct thermal desorption and indirect thermal desorption are combined uniquely, and the innovation point is that a cascading analytical unit is arranged, so that organic pollution solid waste only contacts with constant-temperature air flow in the cascading analytical unit by using the cascading analytical process, and the material after thermal desorption only contacts with the flame of the main burner directly. The semi-indirect thermal desorption property of the device disclosed by the invention is combined with the preheating stage that the solid waste only needs the residence time of <2 minutes in the feed preheating analysis unit, and compared with the heating treatment effect of a standard rotary kiln system, the device only needs 50% of fuel, thereby greatly saving the treatment cost. The cascade analysis unit of the invention has small occupied area and strong processing capacity, and the processing system with the processing capacity of 20 metric tons/hour can be installed on a 12-meter standard container or trailer base, so that the system becomes one of the systems with the lowest investment and operation cost in the industry.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the material preheating and resolving unit in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cascade resolution unit of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the thermal oxidation quench unit of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the circulating water condensation unit of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a cascade analysis unit; 2. a discharging air lock; 3. spraying a spiral on a discharge jacket; 4. a main burner; 5. a material preheating and analyzing unit; 6. a bag-type dust collector; 7. a high temperature gas condensing compression tank; 8. an oil-water separation tank; 9. an oil storage tank; 10. a cooling tower; 11. a wastewater treatment tank; 12. a secondary combustion chamber; 13. an air heat exchanger; 14. a quenching tank; 15. a blower; 16. an auxiliary burner; 17. a cyclone separator; 101. a material inlet after preheating; 102. a resolving gas outlet; 103. a particulate recovery inlet; 104. a solid material discharge port; 105. a non-combustible recovery inlet; 501. a contaminated material inlet; 502. an extraction gas outlet; 503. a high temperature steam inlet; 504. a preheated material outlet; 505. a hot exhaust gas discharge port; 601. a raw gas inlet; 602. a purge gas outlet; 701. a high temperature gas inlet; 702. a circulating water inlet; 703. a non-condensable gas outlet; 704. an oil-water outlet; 801. An oil-water inlet; 802. an oil outlet; 803. a sewage outlet; 1003. an inlet for water to be cooled; 1002. a condensed water outlet 1002; 1001. a cooled water outlet; 1101. a waste water inlet; 1102. a waste water outlet; 1201. a combustion gas inlet; 1202. a post-combustion gas outlet; 1203. a post-combustion solids discharge port; 1301. a gas inlet to be heat exchanged; 1302. a heat exchanged gas outlet; 1303. a hot air outlet; 1401. a gas inlet to be cooled; 1402. a cooled gas outlet; 1403. a cooling water inlet; 1701. a dusty gas inlet; 1702. a particulate recovery outlet; 1703. and a filtered gas outlet.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the device for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption comprises a material preheating and resolving unit 5, a cascade resolving unit 1, a thermal oxidation quenching unit, a circulating water condensation unit and a discharge cooling unit.
The materials are fed in from a feed inlet of the material preheating and resolving unit 5. The discharge port of the material preheating analysis unit 5 is communicated with the feed port of the cascade analysis unit 1. The exhaust port of the material preheating and resolving unit 5 is communicated with the air inlet of the circulating water condensation unit. The liquid outlet of the circulating water cooling unit is communicated with the liquid inlet of the quenching device in the thermal oxidation quenching unit. The exhaust port of the cascade analysis unit 1 is communicated with the air inlet of the thermal oxidation quenching unit. Preferably, the gas discharged from the exhaust port of the thermal oxidation quenching unit is used for preheating the material in the material preheating and resolving unit 5. The discharge port of the cascade analytic unit 1 is communicated with the feed port of the discharge cooling unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the material preheating and resolving unit in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the material preheating and resolving unit 5 comprises a first heating shell and a preheating material channel sleeved in the first heating shell. Two sets of screw paddles which rotate in opposite directions and are used for mixing and homogenizing materials are arranged in the preheating material channel. The preheating material channel is provided with a polluted material inlet 501 serving as a feed inlet, a plurality of extraction gas exhaust outlets 502 serving as exhaust outlets and a preheated material outlet 504 serving as a discharge outlet.
Preferably, the outer surface of the first heating shell is made of heat insulation materials, and the first heating shell comprises a hollow heat exchange interlayer. The heat exchange interlayer is provided with a high-temperature steam inlet 503 and a hot waste gas outlet 505.
Preferably, the propeller blade is a hollow propeller blade. The hollow propeller blade may be mounted on and communicate with a hollow rotating shaft, which may also be provided with a high temperature steam inlet 503 and a hot exhaust gas outlet 505. The high temperature steam entering from the high temperature steam inlet 503 can pass through the propeller blade for indirectly heating the material
The high temperature steam inlet 503 is used for introducing high temperature steam. The hot exhaust gas outlet 505 is used for discharging the exhaust gas which has cooled down after heat exchange with the material. The extraction gas exhaust port 502 communicates with the inlet of the circulating water condensing unit. The arrangement of the heat exchange interlayer and the hollow propeller blade can enable the material to be fully preheated and resolved by fully heat exchange with high-temperature gas in the material preheating resolving unit 5.
The material enters the material preheating and resolving unit 5 from a polluted material inlet 501 shown in fig. 2 after being physically crushed into particles with the particle size smaller than 10 mm. In addition, the material preheating analysis unit 5 can effectively meter the solid material entering the cascade analysis unit 1, and is used as a basis for setting the feeding speed. Meanwhile, after the material preheating analysis unit 5 is filled with the material, the material preheating analysis unit is equivalent to creating a natural material plug, and can effectively prevent pollutant steam from escaping from the cascade analysis unit 1.
The material processed by the material preheating and resolving unit 5 generates extraction gas and preheated solid material. Wherein the preheated solid material enters the cascade analysis unit 1. The extracted gas enters a circulating water condensation unit.
The circulation and treatment of the preheated solid material is first elucidated below.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cascade resolution unit of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the cascade parsing unit 1 includes a plurality of reverse parsing pipes. In this embodiment, the reverse resolving pipe is provided with four.
The reverse resolving pipe comprises a second heating shell and a resolving material channel sleeved in the second heating shell. The analytic material channels of the first reverse analytic pipe and the fourth reverse analytic pipe are sequentially connected in series from head to tail. And each analytic material channel is internally provided with a material pushing auger. The cascade analysis unit 1 is also provided with a preheated material inlet 101 serving as a feed inlet, an analysis gas outlet 102 serving as an exhaust outlet, a particulate matter recovery inlet 103, a solid material outlet 104 serving as a discharge outlet and a non-combustible matter recovery inlet 105. The preheated material inlet 101 is formed in the material inlet of the first reverse parsing pipe. The solid material outlet 104 is arranged at the outlet of the fourth reverse analysis pipe. A main burner 4 is also mounted near the solid material discharge outlet 104 of the fourth reverse resolving pipe. The material is fed in through the preheated material inlet 101 of the first reverse analysis pipe, pushed forward by the material pushing auger of the first reverse analysis pipe, falls into the second reverse analysis pipe at the tail end of the first reverse analysis pipe, pushed forward by the material pushing auger in the second reverse analysis pipe, and falls into the third reverse analysis pipe at the tail end of the second reverse analysis pipe. And the like, completing thermal desorption, and finally burning from the solid material outlet 104 of the fourth reverse desorption tube through the main burner 4 and finally discharging to a discharge cooling unit.
The average residence time of the materials in the cascade analytical unit 1 is very short (usually <2 minutes) by the cascade effect and the constant temperature air flow generated by the direct contact of the main burner 4, so that the temperature of the materials in the cascade analytical unit is constant between 200 and 600 ℃, the materials cannot be quickly cooled, and the corresponding increase of the temperature of the materials is beneficial to volatilization of polluted gases from the materials.
The cascade effect is cascade amplification effect or chain amplification effect (cascade effect), the preheating analysis unit 5 and the cascade analysis unit 1 are approximate closed loop systems, as the materials are preheated and heated in the preheating analysis unit 5 to obtain water evaporation and analysis, the heat energy requirement of the materials entering the cascade analysis unit 1 is gradually reduced, so that the temperature of flue gas entering the thermal oxidation quenching unit is increased, the temperature of high-temperature steam entering the heat exchange interlayer of the preheating analysis unit 5 is increased, the material heating and moisture evaporation heat analysis is more thorough, the heat energy requirement of the materials entering the cascade analysis unit 1 is lower, and finally the materials are balanced.
An extraction fan is also arranged in the cascade analysis unit 1, and the micro negative pressure in the cascade analysis unit 1 is maintained by the operation of the extraction fan so as to ensure the rapid evacuation of analysis gas.
The preheated material outlet 504 communicates with the preheated material inlet 101 via a trough. The solid material outlet 104 communicates with the discharge cooling unit. The analysis gas outlet 102 discharges analysis gas into a thermal oxidation quenching unit to realize the effects of particle separation, thermal oxidation and quenching. The particulate recovery inlet 103 and the incombustible recovery inlet 105 are used to recover solid materials that cannot be treated by the thermal oxidation quench unit.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the thermal oxidation quench unit of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the thermal oxidation quench unit includes a cyclone 17, a secondary combustion chamber 12, an air heat exchanger 13, a quench tank 14, and a bag house 6.
The cyclone 17 is an apparatus for separating a gas-solid system. The working principle is that solid particles with larger inertial centrifugal force are thrown to the outer wall surface for separation by the rotary motion caused by tangential introduction of air flow. The cyclone 17 includes a dirty gas inlet 1701, a particulate recovery outlet 1702 and a filtered gas outlet 1703. The dirty gas inlet 1701 communicates with the resolving gas outlet 102. The particulate recovery outlet 1702 communicates with the particulate recovery inlet 103. The resolving gas is fed through a dust-laden gas inlet 1701 to a series of cyclones 17 to remove particulates from the resolving gas. The collected particulates from cyclone 17 are directed back to the cascaded resolution cell 1 for treatment through the particulate recovery outlet 1702 to ensure that no hydrocarbon contaminants escape the system.
The secondary combustion chamber 12 includes a combustion gas inlet 1201, a post-combustion gas outlet 1202, and a post-combustion solids discharge outlet 1203. The secondary combustion chamber 12 is fitted with an auxiliary burner 16. The post-combustion solids discharge outlet 1203 communicates with the incombustible recovery inlet 105. The combustion gas inlet 1201 communicates with the filtered gas outlet 1703. The secondary combustion chamber 12 is supplied with heat from the auxiliary burner 16, and the secondary combustion chamber 12 operates at a temperature in excess of 1100 ℃. The desorption gas was oxidized in the secondary combustion chamber 12 for at least 2 seconds, and the average removal rate was 99.9%. If the hydrocarbon concentration in the feed to secondary combustion chamber 12 equals or exceeds the fuel demand of secondary combustion chamber 16, the resolving gas may itself serve as a fuel source for secondary combustion chamber 12, thereby minimizing external fuel demand and further reducing operating costs.
In the heat exchanger 13, which is a heat exchanger for cooling or heating air with a cold/hot medium, the air heat exchanger 13 heats air with hot gas burned in the secondary combustion chamber 12 as a heat medium in this embodiment. The air heat exchanger 13 includes a gas inlet 1301 to be heat exchanged, a heat exchanged gas outlet 1302, and a hot air outlet 1303. The heat-to-be-exchanged gas inlet 1301 communicates with the post-combustion gas outlet 1202. The exhaust gases from the secondary combustion chamber 12 enter a multi-channel air heat exchanger 13 which provides a temperature differential of about 800 c. While the exhaust gas is cooled, air is heated, and the heated air is pumped to the main burner 4 and the auxiliary burner 16 (a transfer passage is not shown in the drawing) by a fan 15 installed at the hot air outlet 1303 as combustion air of the main burner 4 and the auxiliary burner 16, which is supplied to the main burner 4 and the auxiliary burner 16 after being preheated to about 300 c, to greatly reduce fuel requirements.
The quenching tank 14 is used for rapidly cooling high-temperature flue gas, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to below 200 ℃ within 1 second, and the residence time of the flue gas in a temperature zone of 200-500 ℃ is reduced, so that the resynthesis of dioxin (PCcds/PCdfs) toxic substances in the temperature zone is avoided to the greatest extent. In this embodiment, quench tank 14 is a spray water quench tank. The quench tank 14 includes a gas inlet 1401 to be cooled, a cooled gas outlet 1402, and a cooling water inlet 1403. The gas inlet 1401 to be cooled communicates with the heat exchanged gas outlet 1302. The cooling water inlet 1403 communicates with the water discharge port of the circulating water condensing unit. The exhaust gas entering quench tank 14 was cooled to about 230 c in 1 second.
The bag-type dust collector 6, namely a bag-type dust collector, is a dry dust filtering device, and filters dust-containing gas by utilizing the filtering action of fiber fabrics, when the dust-containing gas enters the bag-type dust collector 6, dust with large particles and large specific gravity is settled due to the action of gravity and falls into an ash bucket, and when the gas containing finer dust passes through a filter material, the dust is blocked, so that the gas is purified. In this embodiment, the bag house 6 is a pulse jet bag house filter provided with several hundred individual bag houses. The bag-type dust collector 6 comprises a raw gas inlet 601 and a purge gas outlet 602. The raw gas inlet 601 communicates with the cooled gas outlet 1402. The hot exhaust gases exiting the cooled gas outlet 1402 of the quench tank 14 are directed into a bag-type dust collector 6 to remove particulate matter from the hot exhaust gases so that they meet PM2.5 emissions requirements. For example, dioxin may be generated in the hot exhaust gas, after the quenched hot exhaust gas enters the bag-type dust collector 6, the bag-type dust collector 6 may adopt a mode of spraying lime powder and activated carbon powder to absorb residual acidic substances and dioxin in the hot exhaust gas.
In a preferred embodiment, the purge gas outlet 602 is in communication with the high temperature steam inlet 503. The extremely cold and purified waste gas still has a low temperature, and the hot waste gas is directly led into the heat exchange interlayer of the material preheating and resolving unit 5 and the blades of the hollow propeller blade through the purified gas outlet 602, so that the feeding material is preheated and primarily resolved. The final hot exhaust gas is discharged from the hot exhaust gas discharge port 505.
Next, the circulation of the extraction gas and the treatment channel are elucidated.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the circulating water condensation unit of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the circulating water condensing unit includes a high temperature gas condensing compression tank 7, an oil-water separating tank 8, an oil storage tank 9, a cooling tower 10, and a wastewater treatment tank 11.
The high-temperature gas condensation compression tank 7 comprises a negative pressure system and a circulating water system. The vacuum pump in the negative pressure system pumps the gas into the circulating water system, the circulating water system cools the gas through circulating water with lower temperature, and in the low-temperature environment, the condensable gas component in the gas is converted into liquid to be discharged, and the non-condensable gas is singly discharged. In the high-temperature gas condensation compression tank 7, the negative pressure system and the circulating water system can be built by using the existing device combination.
The high-temperature gas condensing compression tank 7 includes a high-temperature gas inlet 701, a non-condensable gas discharge port 703, an oil-water discharge port 704, and a circulating water inlet 702. The high temperature gas inlet 701 is provided in plurality and communicates with the extraction gas outlet 502. The high temperature gas condensing compression tank 7 condenses the offgas by circulating water, and an oil-water mixture and non-condensable gas are generated after the condensation. Wherein, the oil-water mixture flows into the oil-water separation tank 8 from the oil-water outlet 704 under the action of gravity, the noncondensable gas is introduced into the combustion gas inlet 1201 of the secondary combustion chamber 12 from the noncondensable gas outlet 703, and is treated in the secondary combustion chamber 12 together with the analysis gas discharged from the cascade analysis unit 1.
The oil-water separation tank 8 is used for separating and layering oil and water with different specific gravities, and finally achieves the purpose of oil-water separation. The oil-water separation tank 8 includes an oil-water inlet 801, an oil outlet 802, and a sewage outlet 803. The oil water inlet port 801 communicates with the oil water outlet port 704. The oil outlet 802 communicates with the inlet of the oil reservoir 9. The extracted oil separated by the oil-water separation tank 8 is fed into an oil storage tank 9 for sale.
The cooling tower 10 is a device for generating steam by cold-heat exchange after water is in contact with gas flow, and the steam volatilizes to take away heat so as to reduce the temperature of the water. The cooling tower 10 includes a water inlet 1001 to be cooled, a condensed water outlet 1002, and a post-cooling water outlet 1003. The water inlet to be cooled 1001 communicates with the sewage outlet 803. The cooled water outlet 1003 communicates with the circulating water inlet 702. The condensed water outlet 1002 communicates with the wastewater inlet 1101 of the wastewater treatment tank 11. The wastewater outlet 1102 of the wastewater treatment tank 11 communicates with the cooling water inlet 1403. The sewage separated by the oil-water separation tank 8 is cooled to be within 60 ℃ by the cooling tower 10, and then is pumped back to the high-temperature gas condensation compression tank 7 by the circulating water pump to be used as spray cooling water, and meanwhile, the sewage is mixed with circulating water in the high-temperature gas condensation compression tank 7 to achieve the effect of cooling. The liquid part condensed by the high-temperature gas condensation compression tank 7, namely the superfluous condensed water of the circulating water condensation unit, enters the wastewater treatment tank 11 through the condensed water outlet 1002, and enters the quenching tank 14 through the cooling water inlet 1403 after being qualified through the wastewater treatment tank 11 for spraying water of the quenching tank 14.
The discharging cooling unit comprises a discharging air lock 2 and a discharging jacket spray screw 3. The feed inlet of the discharge gas locker 2 is communicated with the feed outlet of the cascade analysis unit 1, the feed outlet of the discharge gas locker 2 is communicated with the feed inlet of the discharge jacket spray screw 3, the discharge jacket spray screw 3 comprises a shell and a material pushing auger arranged in the shell, and a spray system is further arranged in the discharge jacket spray screw 3. The spray nozzle of the spray system is positioned on the inner wall of the material channel in the discharge jacket spray screw 3. The treated solid is cooled to about 80 ℃ by spraying the spiral 3 through the discharge jacket, humidified to a water content of 5-10% to control dust, and finally discharged through the material discharge outlet 301.
The invention also discloses a treatment method for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption, which comprises the following steps:
s101, passing the crushed material through a material preheating analysis unit 5
S102, indirectly heating and thermally desorbing the materials in the material preheating and resolving unit 5 to generate extraction gas and preheated materials.
S103, after the extracted gas is treated by a circulating water condensation unit, the extracted oil and the non-condensable gas are separated. The extracted oil enters an oil storage tank. The noncondensable gas is led into a thermal oxidation quenching unit for thermal oxidation treatment. The condensed water obtained by the circulating water condensing unit is led into a thermal oxidation quenching unit for rapidly cooling the substance.
S104, the preheated material enters a cascading analysis unit 1 to be subjected to high-temperature flue gas direct thermal desorption, and analysis gas and treated solids are generated. The resolved gas enters a thermal oxidation quenching unit to realize the separation of particles, thermal oxidation and quenching treatment. And the treated solid enters a discharging cooling unit for spray cooling and is discharged.
Further, the step of treating the resolved gas in the thermal oxidation quenching unit specifically comprises:
s201, the cyclone 17 separates the particles in the analysis gas.
S202, recycling the particulate matters to the cascade analysis unit 1. The separated gas is sent to the secondary combustion chamber 12 for secondary combustion.
S203, the combusted gas passes through the air heat exchanger 13 to exchange heat. The warmed air is used as combustion air for the main burner 4 of the cascade analysis unit 1 and the auxiliary burner 16 of the thermal oxidation quenching unit. The cooled gas after heat exchange is rapidly cooled in the quenching tank 14.
S204, after the rapidly cooled gas is dedusted by the bag-type dust remover 6, the gas is led into the material preheating and resolving unit 5 for preheating feeding and is discharged through a chimney.
Further, the specific steps of the extracted gas treated by the circulating water condensation unit are as follows:
s301, condensing and compressing the extracted gas in a high-temperature gas condensing and compressing tank 7 to generate an oil-water mixture and non-condensable gas, and obtaining condensed water.
S302, introducing the noncondensable gas into a thermal oxidation quenching unit for thermal oxidation, namely secondary combustion treatment.
S303, separating the oil-water mixture into oil and sewage through the oil-water separation tank 8, and storing the extracted oil separated by the oil-water separation tank 8 in the oil storage tank 9 for sale.
The sewage separated by the oil-water separation tank 8 is cooled to 60 ℃ by the cooling tower 10 and then is pumped back to the high-temperature gas condensation compression tank 7 by the circulating water pump to be used as cooling water.
And the rest part of condensed water is conveyed to a wastewater treatment tank 11 for wastewater treatment, and after the treatment is qualified, the condensed water flows into a quenching tank 14 of a thermal oxidation quenching unit for rapid cooling of substances.
The high-temperature gas condensation compression tank 7, the oil-water separation tank 8, the cooling tower 10, the wastewater treatment tank 11, the cyclone separator 17, the secondary combustion chamber 12, the air heat exchanger 13, the quenching tank 14, the bag-type dust collector 6 and the like are all common treatment devices in the field, and can be easily purchased in the market through public channels by a person skilled in the art, the related principles are also basic principles which can be well known by the person skilled in the art, the novel design of the device is not provided, the existing commercial products can be directly purchased for assembly and use, and the specific structure and the principles of the device are not repeated.
The above description is illustrative of the invention and not limiting, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner without departing from the basic structure of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a device of organic pollution solid waste is handled in cascade thermal desorption which characterized in that: comprises a material preheating analysis unit (5) and a cascading analysis unit (1); the material preheating analysis unit (5) comprises a first heating shell and a preheating material channel sleeved in the first heating shell; a propeller blade is arranged in the preheating material channel; the cascade analysis unit (1) comprises a plurality of reverse analysis pipes; the reverse analysis tube comprises a second heating shell and an analysis material channel sleeved in the second heating shell; a material pushing auger is arranged in the analysis material channel; the analytic material channels of the reverse analytic tubes are mutually connected in series end to end; a main burner (4) is arranged at the discharge port side of the cascading analytical unit (1); the discharge port of the material preheating analysis unit (5) is communicated with the feed port of the cascade analysis unit (1);
the device also comprises a thermal oxidation quenching unit and a circulating water condensation unit; the exhaust port of the material preheating analysis unit (5) is communicated with the air inlet of the circulating water condensation unit; the liquid outlet of the circulating water condensing unit is communicated with the liquid inlet of the quenching device in the thermal oxidation quenching unit; the exhaust port of the cascading analysis unit (1) is communicated with the air inlet of the thermal oxidation quenching unit;
the thermal oxidation quenching unit comprises a cyclone separator (17), a secondary combustion chamber (12), an air heat exchanger (13), a quenching tank (14) and a bag-type dust collector (6); the analytic gas outlet (102) of the cascading analytic unit (1) is communicated with the dust-containing gas inlet (1701) of the cyclone separator (17); the particle recovery outlet (1702) of the cyclone separator (17) is communicated with the particle recovery inlet (103) of the cascade analysis unit (1); a filtered gas outlet (1703) of the cyclone separator (17) is in communication with a combustion gas inlet (1201) of the secondary combustion chamber (12); the post-combustion gas outlet (1202) of the secondary combustion chamber (12) is communicated with a gas inlet (1301) to be heat-exchanged of the air heat exchanger (13); the heat exchanged gas outlet (1302) of the air heat exchanger (13) is communicated with the gas inlet (1401) to be cooled of the quenching tank (14); a cooled gas outlet (1402) of the quenching tank (14) is communicated with a raw gas inlet (601) of the bag-type dust collector (6);
the circulating water condensation unit comprises a high-temperature gas condensation compression tank (7), an oil-water separation tank (8), an oil storage tank (9), a cooling tower (10) and a wastewater treatment tank (11); a high-temperature gas inlet (701) of the high-temperature gas condensation compression tank (7) is communicated with an extraction gas outlet (502) of the material preheating analysis unit (5); an oil-water outlet (704) of the high-temperature gas condensation compression tank (7) is communicated with an oil-water inlet (801) of the oil-water separation tank (8); an oil outlet (802) of the oil-water separation tank (8) is communicated with the oil storage tank (9); the sewage outlet (803) of the oil-water separation tank (8) is communicated with a water inlet (1001) to be cooled of the cooling tower (10); a cooled water outlet (1003) of the cooling tower (10) is communicated with a wastewater inlet (1101) of the wastewater treatment tank (11); a wastewater outlet (1102) of the wastewater treatment tank (11) is communicated to a liquid inlet of a quenching device in the thermal oxidation quenching unit.
2. The apparatus for treating organic contaminated solid waste by cascade thermal desorption according to claim 1, wherein: the first heating shell is of a hollow structure, and the hollow part is a heat exchange interlayer; the propeller blade is of a hollow structure; the exhaust port of the thermal oxidation quenching unit is communicated with the first heating shell and the propeller blade.
3. The apparatus for treating organic contaminated solid waste by cascade thermal desorption according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a discharging cooling unit; the discharging cooling unit comprises a discharging air lock (2) and a discharging jacket spraying spiral (3); the feed inlet of the discharge air lock (2) is communicated with the discharge outlet of the cascade analysis unit (1); a discharge port of the discharge air lock (2) is communicated with a feed port of the discharge jacket spray screw (3); the discharge jacket spraying screw (3) comprises a shell and a material pushing auger arranged in the shell; and a spraying system is further arranged on the inner wall of the shell.
4. A method for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption, which adopts the device for treating organic pollution solid waste by cascade thermal desorption according to claim 1; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
indirectly heating and thermally desorbing the material in the material preheating and resolving unit (5) to generate extraction gas and preheated material;
after the extracted gas is treated by a circulating water condensation unit, the extracted oil and the non-condensable gas are separated; the extracted oil enters an oil storage tank; the noncondensable gas is led into a thermal oxidation quenching unit for thermal oxidation treatment; the condensed water obtained by the circulating water condensing unit is led into the thermal oxidation quenching unit for rapidly cooling the substances;
the preheated material enters a cascading analysis unit (1) to carry out direct thermal desorption on high-temperature flue gas, and analysis gas and treated solids are generated; the resolved gas enters the thermal oxidation quenching unit to realize particle separation, thermal oxidation and quenching treatment; and the treated solid enters a discharging cooling unit for spray cooling.
5. The method for treating organic-polluted solid waste by cascade thermal desorption as claimed in claim 4, wherein the treatment steps in the circulating water condensing unit are specifically as follows:
condensing and compressing the extraction gas to produce an oil-water mixture and a non-condensable gas; the noncondensable gas is introduced into a thermal oxidation quenching unit for thermal oxidation treatment;
separating the oil-water mixture into the extracted oil and sewage, the extracted oil being stored; the sewage is sent back to a high-temperature gas condensation compression tank after being cooled;
and (3) treating the condensed water obtained when the extracted gas is condensed, and enabling the condensed water to flow into the thermal oxidation quenching unit for rapidly cooling substances after the condensed water is qualified in treatment.
6. The method for treating organic-contaminated solid waste by cascade thermal desorption according to claim 4, wherein the treatment steps in the thermal oxidation quenching unit are specifically as follows:
separating particulate matter in the resolved gas; recovering the particulate matter to a cascade analytical unit (1); secondary combustion of the resolved gas after separation of the particulate matters; the burnt gas is subjected to heat exchange through an air heat exchanger (13); the heated air is used as combustion air for a main burner (4) of the cascade analysis unit (1) and an auxiliary burner (16) of the thermal oxidation quenching unit; carrying out rapid cooling treatment on the cooled gas; after the gas subjected to rapid cooling is dedusted, the gas is led into the material preheating and resolving unit (5) for preheating feeding.
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| CN104785515B (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2017-10-13 | 沈逍江 | The indirect thermal desorption device of two-part auger |
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| CN106140801A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2016-11-23 | 中石化洛阳工程有限公司 | A kind of restorative procedure of organic material contaminated soil |
| CN107030100A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-11 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | Thermal desorption system and thermal desorption method |
| CN106675592A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-05-17 | 无锡爱普特设备科技有限公司 | Energy-efficient indirect thermal desorption carbonization device and treatment method thereof |
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