CN110465035B - Device and method for testing effectiveness of fire extinguishing system of lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station - Google Patents
Device and method for testing effectiveness of fire extinguishing system of lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN110465035B CN110465035B CN201910760769.6A CN201910760769A CN110465035B CN 110465035 B CN110465035 B CN 110465035B CN 201910760769 A CN201910760769 A CN 201910760769A CN 110465035 B CN110465035 B CN 110465035B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
- A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/50—Testing or indicating devices for determining the state of readiness of the equipment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for testing the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, and relates to a fire extinguishing system, wherein the fire extinguishing system comprises a battery prefabricated cabin, a control center arranged outside the battery prefabricated cabin, a lithium iron phosphate battery module arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin and a fire extinguishing system; each fire extinguishing device carries out visual and reliable actual measurement fire extinguishing on the lithium iron phosphate battery module with thermal runaway overcharge in the cabin, and the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing device is accurately verified through data analysis of a temperature monitoring device, a gas monitoring device and a video monitoring device which are arranged in the cabin; the invention has simple structure and safe and reliable detection result, can accurately and efficiently judge the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing device for the lithium iron phosphate battery module, can also determine the basic parameters of the fire extinguishing device and the arrangement mode of the fire extinguishing device in the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station in the detection process, and provides effective fire extinguishing strategies and fire prevention working suggestions of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of safety, relates to a fire-fighting system, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the effectiveness of a fire-fighting system of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station.
Background
In the prior art, two measures are generally taken for safe and reliable operation of an energy storage power station, namely, safety early warning is promoted and a fire protection system is arranged.
For example, the energy storage power station early warning and fire fighting system disclosed in patent application CN201710594419.8, in which a battery cabinet and an electrical cabinet are provided, a minimum protection unit is provided in the battery cabinet, a battery pack and a fire fighting system are built in the battery cabinet, and the fire fighting system is connected with a fire extinguishing device through a detector; the early warning system is arranged in the electrical cabinet and used for giving an alarm and collecting and transmitting fire data; this application is through monitoring respectively to the group battery in the energy storage station, improves the control accuracy, only puts out a fire to the group battery that takes place thermal runaway when taking place the condition of a fire, ensures other batteries not receive the loss, reduces loss of property. Still like patent application CN201811557894.9 discloses a fire extinguishing agent quantity screening method of putting out lithium ion battery fire, through the battery cell experiment of putting out a fire, data fitting, the expected quantity of fire extinguishing agent is confirmed, battery fire extinguishing agent quantity is confirmed to steps such as the theoretical quantity of battery fire extinguishing agent is confirmed, screen out the fire extinguishing agent quantity that puts out the battery fire and make battery surface temperature reach the expectation in certain space volume, and then estimate protection zone fire extinguishing agent quantity, provide the reference for the new energy automobile that uses lithium ion battery energy storage system and the fire control design of electrochemistry energy storage power station.
The above application CN201710594419.8 considers the fire protection design of the energy storage power station from fire prevention early warning to fire extinguishing after fire occurrence, but the patent does not disclose the relevant contents of whether the fire protection system in the fire protection design can completely extinguish the fire after being started; application CN201811557894.9 is the same with the test scenario of putting out a fire to battery fire at home and abroad, only stays in single battery fire scene, lacks the scene test that the battery fire of module level was put out a fire. Because of the inconsistency of the battery monomers, the danger of the battery module or the battery cluster formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series and in parallel is greatly increased, and the data result of the battery monomers can not ensure the fire extinguishing effectiveness of the battery module or the battery cluster when fire occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for checking the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, which can quickly detect the effectiveness of various fire extinguishing systems for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station and ensure that the fire extinguishing system can quickly extinguish fire when a fire disaster occurs.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a device for testing the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station comprises a battery prefabricated cabin, a control center arranged outside the battery prefabricated cabin, a lithium iron phosphate battery module arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin and a fire extinguishing system; the battery prefabricated cabin is arranged into a first cubic structure, and a plane on the first cubic structure abuts against the ground; the battery prefabricated cabin is also internally provided with a temperature monitoring device, a gas monitoring device and a video monitoring device, wherein the temperature monitoring device, the gas monitoring device and the video monitoring device are respectively and electrically connected with the control center and are used for acquiring the temperature, the concentration of combustible gas and video information in the battery prefabricated cabin from the outside of the battery prefabricated cabin in real time; according to the invention, the comprehensive analysis of the temperature, the gas concentration and the video information in the battery prefabricated cabin is adopted, so that the device can accurately judge the fire stage and accurately know the fire extinguishing effectiveness of the fire extinguishing device.
The specific installation structure is that a plane of the battery prefabricated cabin, which is in contact with the ground, is defined as a lower bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin, the lithium iron phosphate battery module is arranged on the upper surface of the lower bottom surface in the battery prefabricated cabin and is electrically connected to a control center; the fire extinguishing system at least comprises a group of fire extinguishing devices with fire extinguishing effectiveness to be detected and a group of fire extinguishing devices with determined fire extinguishing effectiveness, and the fire extinguishing devices with determined fire extinguishing effectiveness are water mist fire extinguishing devices; the fire extinguishing devices are provided with starting devices, fire extinguishing agent storage bottles and fire extinguishing nozzles connected to the fire extinguishing agent storage bottles through pipelines, and the fire extinguishing nozzles face the lithium iron phosphate battery modules; the control center is used for controlling the power failure of the lithium iron phosphate battery module after overcharging and firing, starting a fire extinguishing system, and judging the fire behavior stage of the lithium iron phosphate battery module according to real-time information data of the temperature monitoring device, the gas monitoring device and the video monitoring device; the fire behavior stage comprises the steps of beginning, developing, violently, descending and extinguishing, and the control center judges that the fire extinguishing device adopted at present is effective in extinguishing after judging that the current fire behavior of the lithium iron phosphate battery module is in the extinguishing stage.
Further, the lithium iron phosphate battery module is of a second cubic structure; defining a plane on the second cubic structure, which is close to the lower bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin, as a module lower bottom surface, so that one side surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module abuts against any side wall surface in the battery prefabricated cabin, and the temperature monitoring devices are arranged on the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface; the temperature monitoring device comprises a plurality of first temperature sensing elements and a plurality of second temperature sensing elements, wherein the first temperature sensing elements are respectively arranged on the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface, and at least one first temperature sensing element is respectively arranged at the central positions of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface; the second temperature sensing elements are respectively installed on the outer sides of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the three side surfaces of the other adjacent upper bottom surfaces at intervals, the distance between any one of the second temperature sensing elements which are correspondingly arranged on the outer sides of any one of the three side surfaces of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the other adjacent upper bottom surfaces and the plane is adjustable, and the number of the second temperature sensing elements which are installed on the outer sides of any one side surface adjacent to the upper bottom surface on the lithium iron phosphate battery module is not more than that of the second temperature sensing elements which are installed on the. The first temperature sensing element and the second temperature sensing element are thermocouples with lower cost and are used for monitoring the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the internal temperature of the battery prefabricated cabin respectively.
Furthermore, a battery rack is arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin, a plurality of blank spaces for placing the lithium iron phosphate battery module are arranged on the battery rack, and the cross section of each blank space is in a shape of Chinese character 'kou' along the direction in which the lithium iron phosphate battery module extends into each blank space; the gas monitoring device comprises a plurality of probesThe composite gas detector is used for measuring the concentration of combustible gas in the battery prefabricated cabin and is respectively arranged on the upper bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin and the side wall, close to the battery bracket, in the battery prefabricated cabin; the upper bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin is at least provided with two composite gas detectors, and one of the composite gas detectors is positioned right above an inlet end of the lithium iron phosphate battery module extending into a battery bracket space; the composite gas detector is mainly used for detecting CO and CH generated by electrolyte leakage caused by fire of the lithium iron phosphate battery module4、H2And (4) concentration.
Furthermore, the video monitoring device is arranged on the intersected edge of the upper bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin and the side surface of the battery prefabricated cabin, which is opposite to the inlet end of the lithium iron phosphate battery module extending into the battery bracket space, and comprises a visible light camera and an infrared camera; the edge of edge both ends department respectively is provided with a visible light camera at least, the edge just corresponds the position with the battery support and is provided with a visible light camera and an infrared camera at least.
Further, support with the lithium iron phosphate battery module on the prefabricated cabin of battery and lean on being provided with the glass observation window on the adjacent both sides face in side, the prefabricated under-deck of battery is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof lighting device in, support with the lithium iron phosphate battery module on the prefabricated cabin of battery and lean on being provided with pressure release hole and explosion vent on the relative side in side. The glass observation window and the explosion-proof lighting device are convenient for observing the fire details in the battery prefabricated cabin, and the pressure relief hole and the explosion-proof door are favorable for avoiding the explosion of the battery prefabricated cabin due to overlarge pressure when the fire is rapid.
Furthermore, an exhaust fan is further installed on the explosion door installation side on the battery prefabrication cabin and used for blowing air into the battery prefabrication cabin and exhausting smoke in the cabin after the extinguishing effectiveness of the fire extinguishing device is detected.
Further, the control center comprises a display panel, and the display panel is used for displaying the temperature, the concentration of the combustible gas and video information data in the battery prefabricated cabin in real time.
The invention also discloses a method for testing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, which comprises the following steps:
1) the device for testing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is built, and comprises a temperature monitoring device, a gas monitoring device and a video monitoring device which are arranged in a battery prefabricated cabin;
2) the device for checking the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is subjected to safety check, so that the temperature monitoring device, the gas monitoring device and the video monitoring device are all in a normal working state, and each fire extinguishing device in the fire extinguishing system is in a normal running state;
3) charging the lithium iron phosphate battery module through the control center, controlling the lithium iron phosphate battery module to be powered off when the lithium iron phosphate battery module is overcharged until the battery is out of control due to heat, and recording the fire time of the lithium iron phosphate battery module;
4) the method comprises the following steps of firstly starting a fire extinguishing device to be detected for fire extinguishing effectiveness in a fire extinguishing system, recording temperature change, fire change and reburning conditions of a lithium iron phosphate battery module, synchronously recording temperature in a battery prefabricated cabin, gas concentration in the battery prefabricated cabin, size and appearance change of the lithium iron phosphate battery module, surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module, surface flame change of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and voltage change of the lithium iron phosphate battery module at a control center end, and judging a fire stage of the current lithium iron phosphate battery module;
5) when the situation that the flame of the lithium iron phosphate battery module is not extinguished and continuously fires and the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the temperature in the battery prefabricated cabin are continuously increased is monitored, the current fire extinguishing device is judged to be ineffective in fire extinguishing, and the fire extinguishing device judged to be effective in fire extinguishing is started to extinguish the fire;
when the situation that the flame of the lithium iron phosphate battery module is extinguished, the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the internal temperature of the battery prefabricated cabin are in a descending trend, but the temperature is repeated within a period of time and the flame reburning phenomenon occurs on the surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module is monitored, the current fire extinguishing device is judged to be ineffective in fire extinguishing, and the fire extinguishing device judged to be effective in fire extinguishing is started to extinguish;
when monitoring that lithium iron phosphate battery module flame extinguishes, lithium iron phosphate battery module surface temperature and the internal temperature of prefabricated cabin of battery are the decline trend to temperature is not repeated and does not have the phenomenon of reburning on lithium iron phosphate battery module surface in a period of time, judges that current extinguishing device puts out a fire effectively.
Further, in the step 1), both the first temperature sensing element and the second temperature sensing element in the temperature monitoring device are provided with thermocouples; the first temperature sensing elements comprise 4 temperature sensing elements which are respectively arranged at the center positions of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and three side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface; the number of the second temperature sensing elements is 9 above the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery mould at intervals, and the number of the second temperature sensing elements is 3 respectively outside three adjacent side surfaces of the upper bottom surface; the temperature sensing device is provided with a plurality of first temperature sensing elements and a plurality of second temperature sensing elements, and is favorable for ensuring the accuracy of the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the temperature in the battery prefabricated cabin body.
According to the technical scheme, the device and the method for testing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station have the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a device and a method for testing the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, wherein the device comprises a battery prefabricated cabin, a control center arranged outside the battery prefabricated cabin, a lithium iron phosphate battery module arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin and the fire extinguishing system; the fire extinguishing device is used for visually and reliably performing actual measurement on fire extinguishing of the lithium iron phosphate battery module caused by overcharge for each fire extinguishing device, and the temperature monitoring device, the gas monitoring device and the video monitoring device which are arranged in the cabin are used for accurately judging the stage of fire in the cabin, so that the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing device is verified; the detection device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, the detection result is safe and reliable, the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing device for the lithium iron phosphate battery module can be accurately detected, the fire extinguishing agent for reliably extinguishing the fire of the lithium iron phosphate battery and the corresponding fire extinguishing device are found for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, the basic parameters of the fire extinguishing device and the arrangement mode of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station can be determined in the detection process, and effective fire extinguishing strategies and fire prevention working suggestions of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station are provided.
The device and the method for testing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station are suitable for testing the effectiveness of fire extinguishing devices of other batteries such as lead-acid batteries and the like besides hard-shell and soft lithium iron phosphate batteries. Compared with the fire extinguishing detection device and method under the single battery fire scene in the prior art, the fire extinguishing detection device and method provided by the invention can more accurately simulate the fire equivalent of large-scale battery thermal runaway under a real scene, and provide test data support for the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system in extinguishing the battery fire under the large-scale energy storage application; in addition, the device for testing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is simple and convenient to operate, control and use, the battery rack for placing the plurality of lithium iron phosphate battery modules is arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin, the fire scene of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is further simulated, and the device can be used for investigating the influence of the battery modules in the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station on the peripheral battery modules when the battery modules are out of control due to heat.
It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be considered as part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure unless such concepts are mutually inconsistent.
The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and/or advantages of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
Drawings
The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of the apparatus for testing the effectiveness of a fire suppression system of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of the installation structure in the battery prefabricated cabin according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a mounting structure view of the temperature detection device of the present invention on a lithium iron phosphate battery module.
In the figure, the specific meaning of each mark is:
the method comprises the following steps of 1-a battery prefabricated cabin, 2-a lithium iron phosphate battery module, 3-a temperature monitoring device, 3.1-a first temperature sensing element, 3.2-a second temperature sensing element, 4-a gas monitoring device, 4.1-a composite gas detector, 5-a video monitoring device, 5.1-a visible light camera, 5.2-an infrared camera, 5.3-a high-definition camera, 6-a battery rack, 7-a glass observation window, 8-an explosion-proof lighting device, 9-a pressure relief hole and 10-an explosion-proof door.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this disclosure, aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a number of illustrative embodiments are shown. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not intended to include all aspects of the present invention. It should be appreciated that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in greater detail below, may be implemented in any of numerous ways, as the disclosed concepts and embodiments are not limited to any one implementation. In addition, some aspects of the present disclosure may be used alone, or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the present disclosure.
The fire extinguishing system based on the energy storage power station among the prior art designs a lot of, but to the fire extinguishing system or not can effective problem of working when taking place early lack the attention, in addition, present domestic and abroad exist some and verify that the effectual scheme of fire extinguishing system also only stops to the fire extinguishing verification of battery cell, but constitute battery module or battery cluster by battery cell and increase by a wide margin when the conflagration breaks out, the effectual extinguishing device of putting out a fire to battery cell can't ensure battery module or battery cluster and take place the condition of a fire extinguishing still effectively. The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, which can accurately and reliably verify the fire extinguishing effectiveness of each fire extinguishing device on a battery module, and ensure that the device can effectively extinguish fire when being applied to the energy storage power station.
The device and the method for checking the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station are further described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the device for testing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station comprises a battery prefabricated cabin 1, a control center arranged outside the battery prefabricated cabin, a lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin 1 and a fire extinguishing system; the battery prefabricated cabin 1 is arranged into a first cubic structure, and a plane on the first cubic structure abuts against the ground; the battery prefabrication cabin 1 is also internally provided with a temperature monitoring device 3, a gas monitoring device 4 and a video monitoring device 5, wherein the temperature monitoring device 3, the gas monitoring device 4 and the video monitoring device 5 are respectively and electrically connected with a control center and are used for acquiring the temperature, the concentration of combustible gas and video information in the battery prefabrication cabin 1 from the outside of the battery prefabrication cabin 1 in real time; according to the invention, through comprehensive analysis of the temperature, the gas concentration and the video information in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, the device can be ensured to accurately judge the fire extinguishing effectiveness of the fire extinguishing device at the stage of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 in the cabin after the fire extinguishing system is started, and the device and the method are also suitable for the effectiveness detection of the fire extinguishing devices of other types of batteries such as lead-acid batteries and the like besides being suitable for hard shell and soft lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Referring to fig. 2, the specific installation structure of the device for checking the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is that a plane where the battery prefabricated cabin 1 is in contact with the ground is defined as a lower bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin 1, the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is arranged on an upper surface of the lower bottom surface in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is electrically connected to a control center; the fire extinguishing system at least comprises a group of fire extinguishing devices with fire extinguishing effectiveness to be detected and a group of fire extinguishing devices with determined fire extinguishing effectiveness; the fire extinguishing devices are provided with starting devices, fire extinguishing agent storage bottles and fire extinguishing nozzles connected to the fire extinguishing agent storage bottles through pipelines, and the fire extinguishing nozzles face the lithium iron phosphate battery modules 2; the control center is provided with a display panel, and the display panel is used for displaying the temperature, the concentration of combustible gas and video information data in the battery prefabricated cabin 1 in real time; control center is used for controlling the power failure after lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 overcharges and fires, start fire extinguishing system, and according to temperature monitoring device 3, the intensity of a fire stage of lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is judged to gas monitoring device 4 and video monitoring device 5's real-time information data, the intensity of a fire stage is including just starting, development, fierce, decline, extinguish, judge that the intensity of a fire of current lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is in the stage of extinguishing under extinguishing device's the effect of putting out a fire, then judge that the extinguishing device of current adoption puts out a fire effectively.
In the embodiment shown in the attached drawings, the fire extinguishing device determined to be effective in fire extinguishing is a water mist fire extinguishing device, the structure of the water mist fire extinguishing device is that a water mist spray head connected to a water mist fire extinguishing system pipe network is installed in each battery module, the water mist spray head extends into a shell of the battery module, the spraying direction of the water mist spray head faces to the upper surface of the battery module on fire, on one hand, the water mist fire extinguishing device extinguishes the fire of the battery module on fire, on the other hand, the battery module on fire is cooled and protected, and the thermal runaway and the fire spreading are prevented. Generally, in the specific implementation process, the control center is further provided with an overcharge cabinet electrically connected to the control center, the overcharge cabinet is adopted to charge the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 at a constant current, and the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 generally selects the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 with 100% SOC, so that thermal runaway can be quickly achieved.
Referring to fig. 3, the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 has a second cubic structure; defining a plane on the second cubic structure close to the lower bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin 1 as a module lower bottom surface, wherein one side surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 abuts against any side wall surface in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and the temperature monitoring devices 3 are arranged on the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface; the temperature monitoring device 3 comprises a plurality of first temperature sensing elements 3.1 and a plurality of second temperature sensing elements 3.2, the first temperature sensing elements 3.1 are respectively arranged on the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface, and at least one first temperature sensing element 3.1 is respectively arranged at the central positions of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and the three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface; the second temperature sensing elements 3.2 are respectively and symmetrically arranged at intervals on the outer sides of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and the three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface; in order to accurately measure the temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and the temperature of the battery prefabricated cabin 1, the distance between any second temperature sensing element 3.2 correspondingly arranged on the outer side of any plane in the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and any other three side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface and the plane is adjustable, and the number of the second temperature sensing elements 3.2 arranged on the outer side of any side surface adjacent to the upper bottom surface on the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is not more than the number of the second temperature sensing elements 3.2 arranged on the upper bottom surface.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the first temperature sensing element 3.1 includes 4 temperature sensing elements, which are respectively installed at the center positions of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and the three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface; 9 second temperature sensing elements 3.2 are arranged above the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery mould at intervals, and 3 second temperature sensing elements are respectively arranged outside three adjacent side surfaces of the upper bottom surface; in the embodiment, the second temperature sensing element 3.2 arranged on the upper bottom surface has the farthest distance H1, H1 15cm, the closest distance H2 and H2 5cm from the upper bottom surface; the second temperature-sensing elements 3.2 on three side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface have the farthest distance H3, H3 of 10cm, the closest distance H4 and H4 of 3cm from the corresponding side surface; wherein the plurality of first temperature sensing elements 3.1 and second temperature sensing elements 3.2 mounted on the outer sides of the respective planes are provided for the purpose of ensuring the accuracy of the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 to be monitored and the internal temperature of the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and therefore, the specific number and the specific positions thereof are specifically selected according to the environment of the device, and the invention is not limited to the specific values listed in the examples.
On the basis of ensuring that the temperature measurement is accurate, in order to facilitate installation and save device cost, the first temperature sensing element 3.1 and the second temperature sensing element 3.2 usually adopt thermocouples with lower cost to monitor the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and the internal temperature of the battery prefabricated cabin 1 respectively.
With further reference to the embodiment shown in fig. 2, a battery rack 6 is disposed in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and the battery rack 6 is disposed on the battery prefabricated cabinThe lithium iron phosphate battery module is characterized in that a plurality of blank spaces for placing the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 are arranged, and the cross section of each blank space is in a shape of a Chinese character 'kou' along the direction in which the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 extends into each blank space; the gas monitoring device 4 comprises a plurality of composite gas detectors 4.1 for detecting the concentration of combustible gas in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and the composite gas detectors 4.1 are respectively arranged on the upper bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin 1 and the side wall of the battery prefabricated cabin 1, which is close to the battery bracket 6; the upper bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin 1 is at least provided with two composite gas detectors 4.1, and one composite gas detector 3.1 is positioned right above an inlet end of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 extending into a space of the battery bracket 6; the composite gas detector 4.1 is mainly used for detecting combustible gas and CO generated by electrolyte leakage caused by fire of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 22、HF、SO2At equal concentration, the combustible gas comprises H2、CO、 CH4. In order to further know the internal environmental information of the battery prefabricated cabin 1, in some embodiments, a smoke detector is further arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin 1 to detect the smoke concentration in the cabin in real time, so that the battery prefabricated cabin 1 can be conveniently cleaned after effectiveness detection is completed.
In addition, a battery frame 6 for placing a plurality of lithium iron phosphate battery modules 3 is arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and when a plurality of battery modules are arranged on the battery frame 6, the fire scene of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station can be further simulated for investigating the influence on the peripheral battery modules when the battery modules in the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station are out of control due to heat.
Further in combination with the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the video monitoring device 5 is disposed on the intersecting edge of the upper bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin 1 and the side surface of the battery prefabricated cabin 1 opposite to the inlet end of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 extending into the space of the battery support 6, and includes a visible light camera 5.1 and an infrared camera 5.2, and the edges at both ends of the edge are at least respectively provided with one visible light camera 5.1, and the edge is at least provided with one visible light camera 5.1 and one infrared camera 5.2 at the position corresponding to the battery support 6. In some embodiments, a high-definition camera 5.3 is further arranged at a position corresponding to the battery support 6 on the edge, and is used for starting when indoor smoke is high and the effect of a picture shot by the visible light camera 5.1 is poor, so that the flame condition in the cabin can be clearly checked from a video.
In order to facilitate an operator to check the fire condition of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 in the battery prefabricated cabin from the outer side of the battery prefabricated cabin, glass observation windows 7 are arranged on two side surfaces, adjacent to the side surfaces, abutted against the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2, of the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and a plurality of explosion-proof illuminating devices 8, generally explosion-proof lamps, are arranged on the upper bottom surface in the battery prefabricated cabin 7, so that the brightness in the cabin is improved; the prefabricated cabin of battery 1 is gone up and leans on to lean on being provided with pressure release hole 9 and explosion vent 10 on the relative side in side with lithium iron phosphate battery module 2, is favorable to avoiding the too big lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 that causes of battery prefabricated cabin internal pressure to explode when lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 goes up the fire trend when rapid, improves the installation guarantee. In the embodiment shown in the attached drawing, in order to ensure the safety of operators in cleaning the device after the fire extinguishing effectiveness is detected, an exhaust fan is further installed on the installation side of the explosion-proof door 10 on the battery prefabrication cabin 1 and used for blowing air into the battery prefabrication cabin 1 after the fire extinguishing effectiveness is detected by the fire extinguishing device and exhausting smoke in the cabin.
The invention also discloses a method for testing the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, which aims to solve the technical problems that the danger of a battery module formed by single batteries or a battery cluster is greatly increased when a fire breaks out, and a fire extinguishing device effective for extinguishing the fire of the single batteries cannot ensure that the fire extinguishing of the battery module or the battery cluster is still effective when the fire breaks out, and comprises the following steps:
1) the device for testing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is built, and comprises a temperature monitoring device 3, a gas monitoring device 4 and a video monitoring device 5 which are arranged in a battery prefabricated cabin 1;
2) the device for checking the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is subjected to safety check, the temperature monitoring device 3, the gas monitoring device 4 and the video monitoring device 5 are all in a normal working state, and each fire extinguishing device in the fire extinguishing system is in a normal running state;
3) charging the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 through the control center, controlling the power-off of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 when the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is overcharged until the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, and recording the fire time of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2;
4) the method comprises the steps of firstly starting a fire extinguishing device to be detected for fire extinguishing effectiveness in a fire extinguishing system, recording the temperature change of a lithium iron phosphate battery module 2, the fire change and the reburning condition, synchronously recording the temperature in a battery prefabricated cabin 1, the gas concentration in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, the size and shape change of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2, the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2, the surface flame change of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and the voltage change condition of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 at a control center end, and judging the fire stage of the current lithium iron phosphate battery module 2;
5) when the control center monitors that the flame of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is not extinguished and is on fire continuously, the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and the internal temperature of the battery prefabricated cabin 1 are increased continuously, the current fire extinguishing device is judged to be ineffective in fire extinguishing, and the fire extinguishing device judged to be effective in fire extinguishing is started to extinguish the fire;
when the control center monitors that the flame of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is extinguished, the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and the internal temperature of the battery prefabricated cabin 1 are in a descending trend, but the temperature is repeated within a period of time and the flame reburning phenomenon occurs on the surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2, the current fire extinguishing device is judged to be ineffective in fire extinguishing, and the fire extinguishing device judged to be effective in fire extinguishing is started to extinguish;
monitor when control center that 2 flames of lithium iron phosphate battery module extinguish, 2 surface temperature of lithium iron phosphate battery module and 1 internal temperature in prefabricated cabin of battery are the decline trend, and the temperature does not have the repetition and does not have the phenomenon of reburning on 2 surfaces of lithium iron phosphate battery module in a period of time, judges that present extinguishing device puts out a fire effectively.
In the step 5), when the fire extinguishing device is used for detecting the fire extinguishing effectiveness in the device for detecting the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, after the flame of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is extinguished, the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and the internal temperature of the battery prefabricated cabin 1 are monitored to be in a descending trend, and when the temperature and the surface flame of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 are at least kept within 2h without reburning, the fire extinguishing device is judged to be effective in fire extinguishing.
Examples
Adopt hexafluoropropane extinguishing device, Novec 1230 extinguishing device and water mist extinguishing device to by 32 battery cells, 4 and 8 strings, constitute lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery module and put out a fire validity and detect, single module voltage 25.6V, rated capacity 2752Ah, rated capacity 8.8kWh, adjust battery module SOC 100% before the experiment, the extinguishing device parameter is shown as table 1, the record data of putting out a fire is shown as table 2.
TABLE 1 fire extinguishing apparatus parameters
| Serial number | Fire extinguishing device | Fire extinguishing agent | Pressure of | Time of spraying |
| 1 | Hexafluoropropane | 6kg | The storage pressure is 2.5MPa | ≤ |
| 2 | Novec 1230 | 6kg | The storage pressure is 2.5MPa | ≤30s |
| 3 | Water mist | 5L/min | 10MPa | 10min |
TABLE 2 fire extinguishing data
Local application fire extinguishing mode hexafluoropropane and Novec 1230 extinguishing device can not put out the flame of lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 in the embodiment, can't block the battery module burning condition completely, put out a fire to lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 and basically invalid, consequently in time change thin water smoke extinguishing device and put out a fire, avoid burning destruction. Compared with the fire extinguishing detection device and method in the single battery fire scene in the prior art, the fire extinguishing detection device and method can more accurately simulate the fire equivalent of large-scale battery thermal runaway in a real scene, provide test data support for the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system in fighting the battery fire under the application of large-scale energy storage, determine the basic parameters of the fire extinguishing device and the arrangement mode of the fire extinguishing device in the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station in the detection process, and provide effective fire extinguishing strategies and fire prevention working suggestions of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A device for testing the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is characterized by comprising a battery prefabricated cabin, a control center arranged outside the battery prefabricated cabin, a lithium iron phosphate battery module arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin and a fire extinguishing system;
the battery prefabricated cabin is arranged into a first cubic structure, and a plane on the first cubic structure abuts against the ground; the battery prefabricated cabin is also internally provided with a temperature monitoring device, a gas monitoring device and a video monitoring device, wherein the temperature monitoring device, the gas monitoring device and the video monitoring device are respectively and electrically connected with the control center and are used for acquiring the temperature, the concentration of combustible gas and video information in the battery prefabricated cabin from the outside of the battery prefabricated cabin in real time;
defining a plane of the battery prefabricated cabin, which is in contact with the ground, as a lower bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin, wherein the lithium iron phosphate battery module is arranged on the upper surface of the lower bottom surface in the battery prefabricated cabin and is electrically connected to a control center;
the lithium iron phosphate battery module is of a second cubic structure;
defining a plane on the second cubic structure, which is close to the lower bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin, as a module lower bottom surface, so that one side surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module abuts against any side wall surface in the battery prefabricated cabin, and the temperature monitoring devices are arranged on the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface;
the temperature monitoring device comprises a plurality of first temperature sensing elements and a plurality of second temperature sensing elements, wherein the first temperature sensing elements are respectively arranged on the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface, and at least one first temperature sensing element is respectively arranged at the central positions of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the three other side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface;
the second temperature sensing elements are respectively and symmetrically arranged at intervals on the outer sides of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the three side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface, the distance between any one of the second temperature sensing elements correspondingly arranged on the outer sides of any one of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the three side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface and the plane is adjustable, and the number of the second temperature sensing elements arranged on the outer sides of any side surface adjacent to the upper bottom surface on the lithium iron phosphate battery module is not more than that of the second temperature sensing elements arranged on the upper bottom surface;
the fire extinguishing system at least comprises a group of fire extinguishing devices with fire extinguishing effectiveness to be detected and a group of fire extinguishing devices with determined fire extinguishing effectiveness, the fire extinguishing devices are provided with starting devices, fire extinguishing agent storage bottles and fire extinguishing nozzles connected to the fire extinguishing agent storage bottles through pipelines, and the fire extinguishing nozzles face the lithium iron phosphate battery module;
the control center comprises a display panel, and the display panel is used for displaying the temperature, the concentration of combustible gas and video information data in the battery prefabricated cabin in real time;
the control center is used for controlling the power failure of the lithium iron phosphate battery module after overcharging and firing, starting a fire extinguishing system, and judging the fire behavior stage of the lithium iron phosphate battery module according to real-time information data of the temperature monitoring device, the gas monitoring device and the video monitoring device, wherein the fire behavior stage comprises initial, development, violence, descending and extinguishing, and when the control center judges that the current fire behavior of the lithium iron phosphate battery module 2 is in the extinguishing stage under the fire extinguishing effect of the fire extinguishing device, the currently adopted fire extinguishing device is judged to be effective in fire extinguishing;
a battery rack is arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin, a plurality of blank spaces for placing the lithium iron phosphate battery module are arranged on the battery rack, and the cross section of each blank space is in a shape of a Chinese character 'kou' along the direction in which the lithium iron phosphate battery module extends into each blank space;
the gas monitoring device comprises a plurality of composite gas detectors for detecting the concentration of combustible gas in the battery prefabricated cabin, and the composite gas detectors are respectively arranged on the upper bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin and the side wall, close to the battery bracket, in the battery prefabricated cabin; the upper bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin is at least provided with two composite gas detectors, and one of the composite gas detectors is positioned right above an inlet end of the lithium iron phosphate battery module extending into a battery bracket space;
the video monitoring device is arranged on the intersected edge of the upper bottom surface of the battery prefabricated cabin and the side surface of the battery prefabricated cabin, which is opposite to the inlet end of the lithium iron phosphate battery module extending into the battery bracket blank, and comprises a visible light camera and an infrared camera;
the edge of edge both ends department respectively is provided with a visible light camera at least, the edge just corresponds the position with the battery support and is provided with a visible light camera and an infrared camera at least.
2. The device for inspecting the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the battery prefabricated cabin is provided with glass observation windows on two side faces adjacent to the side face against which the lithium iron phosphate battery module abuts, the upper bottom face in the battery prefabricated cabin is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof illuminating devices and smoke detectors, and the side face opposite to the side face against which the lithium iron phosphate battery module abuts is provided with a pressure relief hole and an explosion door.
3. The device for inspecting the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station as recited in claim 2, wherein an exhaust fan is further installed on the explosion door installation side of the battery prefabricated cabin.
4. The device for verifying the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing system for a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the fire extinguishing device determined to be effective in fire extinguishing is a water mist fire extinguishing device.
5. A method for verifying the effectiveness of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station fire suppression system, the method comprising the steps of:
1) the device for testing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is set up, and comprises a temperature monitoring device, a gas monitoring device and a video monitoring device which are arranged in a battery prefabricated cabin;
2) the device for testing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is safe, the temperature monitoring device, the gas monitoring device and the video monitoring device are all in normal working states, and the fire extinguishing devices in the fire extinguishing system are in normal running states;
3) charging the lithium iron phosphate battery module through the control center, controlling the lithium iron phosphate battery module to be powered off when the lithium iron phosphate battery module is overcharged until the battery is out of control due to heat, and recording the fire time of the lithium iron phosphate battery module;
4) the method comprises the following steps of firstly starting a fire extinguishing device to be detected for fire extinguishing effectiveness in a fire extinguishing system, recording temperature change, fire change and reburning conditions of a lithium iron phosphate battery module, synchronously recording temperature in a battery prefabricated cabin, gas concentration in the battery prefabricated cabin, size and appearance change of the lithium iron phosphate battery module, surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module, surface flame change of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and voltage change of the lithium iron phosphate battery module at a control center end, and judging a fire stage of the current lithium iron phosphate battery module;
5) when the control center monitors that the flame of the lithium iron phosphate battery module is not extinguished and is continuously on fire, the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the temperature in the battery prefabricated cabin are continuously increased, the current fire extinguishing device is judged to be ineffective in fire extinguishing, and the fire extinguishing device judged to be effective in fire extinguishing is started to extinguish the fire;
when the control center monitors that the flame of the lithium iron phosphate battery module is extinguished, the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the internal temperature of the battery prefabricated cabin are in a descending trend, but the temperature is repeated within a period of time and the flame reburning phenomenon occurs on the surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module, the current fire extinguishing device is judged to be ineffective in fire extinguishing, and the fire extinguishing device judged to be effective in fire extinguishing is started to extinguish;
when the control center monitors that the flame of the lithium iron phosphate battery module is extinguished, the surface temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and the temperature in the battery prefabricated cabin are in a descending trend, the temperature is not repeated in a period of time, and the surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module is not re-combusted, the fire extinguishing effect of the current fire extinguishing device is judged;
in the step 1), a first temperature sensing element and a second temperature sensing element in the temperature monitoring device are both provided with thermocouples; the first temperature sensing elements comprise 4 temperature sensing elements which are respectively arranged at the center positions of the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery module and three side surfaces adjacent to the upper bottom surface; the second temperature sensing elements are arranged above the upper bottom surface of the lithium iron phosphate battery mould at intervals, and 3 temperature sensing elements are arranged outside three adjacent side surfaces of the upper bottom surface.
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| CN110015146B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2022-03-25 | 上海理工大学 | Multi-point array type power battery temperature field testing system based on RFID technology |
| CN109939390B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-08-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Electrochemical energy storage station prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system and method based on gas fire extinguishing and mechanical ventilation and heat dissipation |
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