CN110459656B - 紫外led外延片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种紫外LED外延片及其制备方法,其中,紫外LED外延片中包括:生长衬底、低缺陷密度GaN层、图形中间层、n型AlGaN电流扩展层、有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层,低缺陷密度GaN层、图形中间层、n型AlGaN电流扩展层、有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层依次生长于生长衬底表面,其中,图形中间层由GaN条状图形组成,厚度在1000~1500nm之间,宽度在1~10μm,相邻条状图形之间的间隔在1~10μm之间。可有效减小紫外LED外延结构中n型AlGaN电流扩展层受到的张应力,避免外延层中的裂纹;及降低n型AlGaN电流扩展层中的晶体缺陷密度,提高紫外LED光效和可靠性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及LED技术领域,尤其是一种紫外LED外延片及其制备方法。
背景技术
在波长短于385nm的(Al)GaN基紫外LED结构中,通常会使用n型AlGaN层替代n型GaN作为n型电流扩展层,以减少对有源区发射紫外光子的吸收。但是,由于Al原子的表面迁移率很低,在衬底上直接生长n型AlGaN比较困难,会导致高密度的晶体缺陷,制约紫外LED的发光效率和可靠性。
为了减少紫外LED中n型AlGaN层的晶体缺陷,一般会在衬底上先生长一层低缺陷密度的GaN,之后再生长n型AlGaN电流扩展层。但由于晶格常数差异,AlGaN在GaN上会受到较大的张应力,很容易产生高密度的破坏性裂纹。另外,在波长短于385nm的(Al)GaN基紫外LED芯片的制程中,需要完全去掉n型AlGaN电流扩展层之前的GaN外延层以消除GaN对紫外光的强烈吸收。由于外延片内和外延片间的厚度并不均匀,设定刻蚀深度的传统方法并不能保证GaN外延层被刻蚀完全。
发明内容
为了克服以上不足,本发明提供了一种紫外LED外延片及其制备方法,有效缓解现有紫外LED外延片中出现的压应力较大等技术问题。
本发明提供的技术方案为:
一种紫外LED外延片,包括:生长衬底、低缺陷密度GaN层、图形中间层、n型AlGaN电流扩展层、有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层,所述低缺陷密度GaN层、图形中间层、n型AlGaN电流扩展层、有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层依次生长于所述生长衬底表面,其中,图形中间层由GaN条状图形组成,厚度在1000~1500nm之间,宽度在1~10μm,相邻条状图形之间的间隔在1~10μm之间。
本发明还提供了一种紫外LED外延片制备方法,包括:
S1在MOCVD系统中,在生长衬底表面生长低缺陷密度GaN层;
S2将生长有低缺陷密度GaN层的生长衬底从MOCVD系统中降温取出,采用光刻工艺在所述低缺陷密度GaN层上制备图形中间层;所述图形中间层由GaN条状图形组成,厚度在1000~1500nm之间,宽度在1~10μm,相邻条状图形之间的间隔在1~10μm之间;
S3将表面制备有低缺陷密度GaN层和图形中间层的生长衬底放入MOCVD系统中,在高温、低压、高V/III比的外延横向生长条件下生长n型电流扩展层,同时保持图形中间层的条形柱子之间的中空结构,而后在n型AlGaN电流扩展层上依次生长有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层,完成紫外LED外延片的制备。
在本发明提供的紫外LED外延片中,在生长衬底上生长一层低缺陷密度GaN层后在该GaN层上制作微米尺寸的图形中间层;之后,利用外延横向生长技术在GaN条状图形(图形中间层)上生长平整的n型AlGaN电流扩展层、有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层。可有效减小紫外LED外延结构中n型AlGaN电流扩展层受到的张应力,避免外延层中的裂纹;及降低n型AlGaN电流扩展层中的晶体缺陷密度,提高紫外LED光效和可靠性。再有,在后续的芯片制程粗化工艺中,相比于没有图形中间层的结构,腐蚀液对图形中间层沟槽的横向钻蚀可以更加精准的完全去除GaN层,并同时在芯片表面产生粗化形貌。
附图说明
图1为本发明中紫外LED外延片结构示意图;
图2~4为本发明中紫外LED外延片制备流程图。
附图标记:
1-生长衬底,2-低缺陷密度GaN层,3-图形中间层,4-n型AlGaN电流扩展层,5-有源区发光层,6-p型电流扩展层。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施案例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图,并获得其他的实施方式。
如图1所示为本发明提供的紫外LED外延片结构示意图,包括:生长衬底1、低缺陷密度GaN层2、图形中间层3、n型AlGaN电流扩展层4、有源区发光层5(InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构)及p型电流扩展层6(AlGaN层),低缺陷密度GaN层2、图形中间层3、n型AlGaN电流扩展层4、有源区发光层5及p型电流扩展层6依次生长于生长衬底表面,其中,图形中间层3由GaN条状图形组成,厚度在1000~1500nm之间,宽度在1~10μm,相邻条状图形之间的间隔在1~10μm之间。
在生长过程中,首先,在MOCVD系统中,在生长衬底表面生长厚度在1000~1500nm之间的低缺陷密度GaN层,如图2所示;之后,将外延片从MOCVD系统中降温取出,采用光刻工艺在低缺陷密度GaN层上制备图形中间层(蚀刻低缺陷密度GaN层得到),其中,图形中间层厚度在1000~1500nm之间,宽度在1~10μm,相邻条状图形之间的间隔在1~10μm之间,如图3所示;接着,将制有图形中间层的外延片放入MOCVD系统中,在图形中间层表面继续生长n型AlGaN电流扩展层、有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层,完成紫外LED外延片的制备,如图4所示。
以下通过一实例对紫外LED外延片的制备过程进行进一步说明:
首先,将蓝宝石衬底放置到MOCVD反应室中,将反应室温度设定在800~1200℃,往反应室中通入三甲基镓(TMGa)、氨气(NH3),在H2作为载气的条件下生长厚度为1200nm的低缺陷密度GaN层。
接着,将MOCVD设备降温后取出外延片,并用BOE清洗液对外延片表面进行清洗;之后,使用光刻胶在外延片表面制备高度为2μm、宽度为10μm的条状图形,且条状图形之间的间隔为10μm。接着,对低缺陷密度GaN层进行ICP刻蚀,得到高度为1.5μm、宽度为10μm、间隔为10μm的GAN条状图形,完成图形中间层的制备。
接着,将光刻后的外延片放回MOCVD设备,将反应时温度设定在1100℃左右,气压设定在70torr,往反应室中通入三甲基镓(TMGa)、三甲基铝(TMAl)及氨气(NH3),以硅烷(SiH4)作为掺杂剂,掺杂浓度为8×1018cm-3,生长n型电流扩展层,生长出来的n型电流扩展层为Al组分7%的n型Al0.07Ga0.93N层,厚度3000nm。
之后,以氮气(N2)作为载气,在800℃下生长In0.02Ga0.98N量子阱层,升温到950℃,生长Al0.15Ga0.85N势垒层,重复生长7对制备得到有源发光层。具体,有源发光层为7对In0.02Ga0.98N/Al0.15Ga0.85N(3nm/15nm)多量子阱结构,发光波长约为365nm,属于近紫外波段。Al0.15Ga0.85N势垒层中硅掺杂浓度为2×1018cm-3,In0.02Ga0.98N量子阱层为非故意掺杂。
最后,以H2或者N2作为载气,通入TMAl、TMGa及NH3,且以二茂镁(Cp2Mg)作为掺杂剂在外延生长温度为900℃~1000℃的条件下生长p型电流扩展层5,厚度为80nm。
应当说明的是,上述实施例均可根据需要自由组合。以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种紫外LED外延片,其特征在于,包括:生长衬底、低缺陷密度GaN层、图形中间层、n型AlGaN电流扩展层、有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层,所述低缺陷密度GaN层、图形中间层、n型AlGaN电流扩展层、有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层依次生长于所述生长衬底表面,其中,图形中间层由GaN条状图形组成,厚度在1000~1500nm之间,宽度在1~10μm,相邻条状图形之间的间隔在1~10μm之间;n型AlGaN电流扩展层横向生长在图形中间层上,图形中间层保持GaN条状图形之间的中空结构;
所述低缺陷密度GaN层的厚度在1000~1500nm之间。
2.一种紫外LED外延片制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
S1 在MOCVD系统中,在生长衬底表面生长低缺陷密度GaN层;
S2 将生长有低缺陷密度GaN层的生长衬底从MOCVD系统中降温取出,采用光刻工艺在所述低缺陷密度GaN层上制备图形中间层;所述图形中间层由GaN条状图形组成,厚度在1000~1500nm之间,宽度在1~10μm,相邻条状图形之间的间隔在1~10μm之间;
S3 将表面制备有低缺陷密度GaN层和图形中间层的生长衬底放入MOCVD系统中,在所述图形中间层表面依次生长n型AlGaN电流扩展层、有源区发光层及p型电流扩展层,完成紫外LED外延片的制备;n型AlGaN电流扩展层横向生长在图形中间层上,图形中间层保持GaN条状图形之间的中空结构;
在步骤S1中,所述低缺陷密度GaN层的厚度在1000~1500nm之间。
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