CN110456439B - Supersurface material capable of simultaneously realizing color nano printing and color phase type holography and design method thereof - Google Patents
Supersurface material capable of simultaneously realizing color nano printing and color phase type holography and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
The invention provides a synchronous mechanismThe super surface material is a nano unit array formed by staggered arrangement of nano unit structures responding to red light and nano unit structures responding to green light, and the intervals of the adjacent nano unit structures responding to the red light and the adjacent nano unit structures responding to the green light are all the same
C is the period of the nano unit structure; each nanometer unit structure in the nanometer unit array is equivalent to a half-wave plate. When the incident light is linearly polarized light, the color nano printing which can adjust the gray scale and the color is realized in a near field, when the incident light is circularly polarized light, the color phase type Fourier holography is realized in a far field, and the two image display modes are mutually independent and do not influence each other. The invention can be applied to the fields of color display, encryption, anti-counterfeiting and the like, and provides a new method and a new way for realizing novel and high-security optical security equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of micro-nano optics and holography, in particular to a super surface material capable of simultaneously performing color nano printing and color phase type holography and a design method thereof.
Background
Optical security devices are important tools for data encryption and document authentication. Conventional optical security devices provide security authentication by manipulating the amplitude, phase, and polarization characteristics of light to produce a unique optical response. For example, nanoimprinting and holography are two of the prototype optical security devices of which importance is attached. Nanoimprinting achieves a color or grayscale printed image by modulating the amplitude of light, which can be viewed directly under a magnifying glass or with the aid of a microscope. Holography is the reconstruction of high fidelity holograms in the far field by modulating the amplitude, phase or complex amplitude of light, which projects an image onto a placed screen by using a laser. These two relatively simple structures and behaviors are easily modeled.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enhance the safety of equipment and simultaneously not introduce additional structural design and processing complexity, the invention provides the metamaterial capable of simultaneously realizing the color nano printing and the color phase type holography. The invention realizes the combination of color nano-printing technology and color holography for the first time by using a simple structure and a skillful method, wherein the color printing technology simultaneously realizes the regulation and control of color and gray scale. Therefore, the invention can be widely used in the fields of color display, information storage, high-end anti-counterfeiting, AR/VR display and the like, and has good application and development prospects.
The invention aims to provide a super-surface material for simultaneously realizing color nano printing and color phase type holography, which combines Malus law and mathematical function
The metamaterial can simultaneously realize color nano printing for adjusting gray scale and color in a near field and color phase type Fourier holographic images in a far field, and the two display images are not influenced by each other and are independent of each other. The invention can be applied to the fields of color display, encryption, high-end anti-counterfeiting and the like, and provides a new method and a new way for realizing novel and high-security optical security equipment.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a design method of the metamaterial capable of simultaneously realizing color nano printing and color phase type holography, skillfully realizing the combination of color nano printing and color holography, and being widely applied to the aspects of color display and information storage.
One of the purposes of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the super surface material simultaneously realizes color nano printing and color phase type holography, the super surface material is formed by staggered arrangement of red light response nano unit structures and green light response nano unit structures to form a nano unit array, and the adjacent red light response nano unit structures and the adjacent green light response nano unit structures are arranged in a staggered mannerAll the nano unit structures have intervals
C is the period of the nano unit structure, wherein the nano unit structure is an asymmetric structure with a rectangular or elliptical cross section;
each nanometer unit structure in the nanometer unit array is equivalent to a half-wave plate, and the nanometer unit structure responding to red light and the nanometer unit structure responding to green light both have narrow-band response;
when red and green line polarized light is incident to the metamaterial, and then forms a color nano printing pattern in a near field through emergent light modulated by a polarization analyzer, wherein the polarization direction of a polarizer is vertical to the polarization direction of the polarization analyzer, and when the polarization directions of the polarizer and the polarization analyzer deviate from a designed value pi/8 or 3 pi/8, the color nano printing pattern in the near field realizes a certain image hiding function; when red and green incident circular polarized light passes through the metamaterial, reflected light of the metamaterial forms a color holographic image in a far field;
wherein the near field is a surface of the super surface material, and the far field is more than 30cm away from the super surface material.
The near-field color nano printing image realizes color adjustment and continuous gray level adjustment;
the color holographic image of the far field is a color phase type Fourier hologram with 4 steps.
The colors in the color nano-printing pattern and the color holographic pattern comprise red, green and other colors consisting of red and green according to different proportions.
The nanometer unit structure with the super surface material respectively having narrow-band response to red light and green light is composed of a transparent medium substrate layer and a nanometer structure layer, and the length, the width and the height of the nanometer unit structure are all in a sub-wavelength scale.
The working surfaces of the nano unit structures responding to the red light and the nano unit structures responding to the green light are both C-C squares; the length and the width of two nano unit structures respectively having narrow-band response to red light and green light are not equalThe nano unit structures with the same height and response to red light have the structure sizes of L1, W1 and H, and the nano unit structures with the response to green light have the structure sizes of L2, W2 and H; the nanometer unit structures responding to the red light and the nanometer unit structures responding to the green light are arranged along the directions of the x axis and the y axis in a staggered way, and the adjacent nanometer unit structures responding to the red light are spaced as
Adjacent pairs of green light nano-cell structures are spaced by
Combining Malus law, mathematical functions
And PB phase principle, the metamaterial enables near-field (i.e., metamaterial surface) high-resolution color image display and far-field (beyond 30cm from the metamaterial surface) color high-fidelity holographic image reconstruction. The patterns of the two display images are not related to each other and cannot be inferred from each other.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a design method for realizing color nano printing and color phase type holographic super surface material simultaneously comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the selected wavelength of incident light (two or more dominant wavelengths respectively), electromagnetic simulation software is used for optimizing the side length C of the nano unit structure, the widths W1, W2 and W3 … Wn of the nano unit structure, the height H and the lengths L1, L2 and L3 … Ln when the nano unit structure is vertically irradiated by left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized light;
(2) according to the emergent light intensity formula of incident linearly polarized light passing through the nano unit structure and the analyzer in sequence
It can be seen that the domain [0, π ] of the rotation angle θ due to the nano-unit structure]Intrinsic is non-monotonic, so when the intensity is I0The line polarization passes through a corner of
The four kinds of nanometer unit structures are processed by an analyzer with the polarization analyzing direction vertical to the incident ray polarization, and the generated emergent light intensity is all
In combination with the PB phase principle, when circular polarized light passes through a rotation angle of
The emergent reverse circular polarization light of the four nano unit structures is additionally provided with
The four phase regulation quantities are used for obtaining extra phase regulation freedom degrees on the premise of ensuring near-field continuous intensity regulation;
(3) based on the above principle, when designing a meta-surface material with N nano-unit structures, assuming that N/2 nano-unit structures responding to red light and N/2 nano-unit structures responding to green light, all 4 nano-unit structures are calculated according to the red component of the color image of the near fieldN/2Combining the rotation angles, and calculating another 4 according to the green color component of the color imageN/2Carrying out corner combination, and finally determining the nanometer according to the color pattern to be generated in the far field by combining with a simulated annealing optimization algorithmAnd arranging the corners of the unit structures.
When observing the color nanometer printing pattern of the near field, a polarizer and an analyzer are needed to be configured, when red and green line polarized light enters the metamaterial, the modulated emergent light forms the color nanometer printing pattern on the structural surface (namely the near field) of the metamaterial through the analyzer, and when the red and green incident circular polarized light passes through the metamaterial, the reflected light thereof displays a color Fourier holographic image in the far field (which is more than 30cm away from the metamaterial).
The method constructs a new mapping relation between the emergent light intensity and the rotation angle of the nano unit structure, namely the one-to-four mapping relation, and gives a new phase design freedom degree on the premise of ensuring the simultaneous regulation and control of the near field color and the gray level so as to realize the far field colorful Fourier phase type holography.
The design concepts and methods of the present invention are not limited to metamaterials, and other conventional polarizing devices that follow the Malus law may have additional degrees of freedom for phase manipulation. For example, liquid crystal can also form a multifunctional device integrating printing and holography based on the design concept of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the designed super surface material for realizing color nano printing and color phase type holography has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) the designed super-surface material can simultaneously realize two completely different imaging technologies of color nano printing and color holography, and the two regulation and control modes can be respectively and independently controlled, so that patterns of near-field color nano printing and far-distance holography can be designed at will.
(2) Because the near-field image generated by the metamaterial is completely unrelated to the far-field pattern, the far-field image cannot be deduced from the near-field image, the near field cannot be deduced from the far-field pattern, and the pattern is colorful, the metamaterial can be applied to the fields of color display, encryption, anti-counterfeiting and the like, and a novel method and a novel approach are provided for realizing novel and high-safety optical safety equipment.
(3) The invention realizes the nano printing of simultaneously regulating and controlling continuous gray scale and color for the first time.
(4) The super-surface material designed by the invention has the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight, high integration, easy processing and the like, and is suitable for large-scale development of miniaturization and micromation in the future.
(5) The design concepts and methods of the present invention are not limited to metamaterials, and other conventional polarizing devices that follow the Malus law may have additional degrees of freedom for phase manipulation. For example, liquid crystal can also form a multifunctional device integrating printing and holography based on the design concept of the present invention.
(6) Due to the one-to-many mapping relation between the emergent light intensity and the rotation angle of the nano unit structure, when the polarization directions of the polarizer and the analyzer deviate from the designed value pi/8 or 3 pi/8, the color nano printing image of the near field is submerged in a pile of noise, so that the image hiding function is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of silver nanoballs in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a silver nanobead in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the wavelength response of silver nanoballs optimized for red and green light in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of two arrangements of silver nanoballs in the example of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of a red-light nanoprinting target obtained in an example of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a green-emitting nanoprint target obtained in an example of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a red holographic target obtained in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a green hologram target obtained in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the present invention that can realize both color nano-printing and color holography;
in the figure, 1-silver nano brick, 2-medium basal layer, L-silver nano brick length, W-silver nano brick width, H-silver nano brick height, C-silver nano brick unit size and theta-silver nano brick corner.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments and the design and technical effects of the invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The embodiment of the invention provides a super-surface material for realizing color nano printing and color phase type Fourier holography, which is formed by a transparent substrate, namely a nano unit array etched on the surface of the substrate, wherein the nano unit array comprises a plurality of nano unit structures (in the embodiment, the nano unit structures are silver nano bricks), and two functions of color nano printing and color phase type holography, namely color and gray level adjustment, can be compounded through design.
In the embodiment, the dominant wavelengths 628nm and 528nm of the red light and green light narrow-band response are selected, then the electromagnetic simulation software CST is adopted to simulate the parameters of the silver nano brick aiming at the two dominant wavelengths, and the simulation takes the vertical incidence of the levorotatory (or dextrorotatory) circular polarized light and the conversion efficiency and the response bandwidth of the reflected dextrorotatory (or levorotatory) circular polarized light as optimization objects. Scanning the length and width dimension C of the silver nano brick, the lengths L1 and L2 of the silver nano brick under two dominant wavelengths, the widths W1 and W2 and the height H of the silver nano brick so as to obtain the optimal parameters. Each silver nanobead is required to respond only to a narrow bandwidth inner band around the dominant wavelength, and the cross-polarization (left-handed → right-handed, or right-handed → left-handed) conversion efficiency is highest. Optimized parameters obtained by optimized calculation are as follows: and C is 380nm, and the length, width, height and size of the silver nano brick corresponding to red and green light are respectively as follows: 130nm-60nm-80nm (red light) and 90nm-60nm-80nm (green light). Fig. 1 is a schematic view of silver nanobelts. Fig. 2 is a top view of a silver nanobead. Fig. 3 is a graph showing the conversion efficiency of the silver nanoballs obtained by two optimization methods to polarized light as a function of wavelength, and it can be seen that the high-efficiency conversion of cross polarization is realized in the corresponding narrow band range of the central wavelength, and almost no response is generated to light waves outside the narrow band range of the central wavelength.
For when the intensity is I0Direction of polarization of
The incident angle of the linearly polarized light to the silver nano brick with the angle theta and
after the analyzer in the direction, the light intensity is modulated, and the modulation mode accords with the following formula:
I1＝I0cos2(2θ)
wherein theta is the included angle between the long axis of the silver nano brick and the polarization direction of the x-ray polarized light, I1The intensity of the linearly polarized light is emitted, and therefore, it is known that arbitrary transmission intensity modulation can be realized by changing the magnitude of θ, thereby realizing nanoimprinting. And the incident light passes through the corner theta,
When 4 kinds of silver nano bricks are used, the emergent light intensity is I0 cos 22 theta; when the circularly polarized light passes through the rotating angle theta,
In 4 kinds of silver nano-bricks, the emergent reverse circular polarization light is accompanied by 2 theta,
the phase change amount of pi +2 theta.
The silver nanoballs responding to red light and the silver nanoballs responding to green light are respectively arranged according to the mode of figure 4. The interval between the adjacent silver nano-bricks responding to the red light and the silver nano-bricks responding to the green light is respectively
First according to the near fieldRed and green target images (fig. 5 and 6, the number of target image pixels is N/2) in the color pattern according to formula I1＝I0cos2The non-monotonicity of the (2 theta) function is calculated, and all the silver nano-bricks are respectively arranged and combined, namely the silver nano-bricks responding to red light and the silver nano-bricks responding to green light respectively have 4N/2And (5) arranging and combining. In combination with the simulated annealing algorithm, an additional phase degree of freedom can be utilized to design a phase type holographic pattern for the silver nanoball responding to the red light and the silver nanoball responding to the green light respectively, and the red light holographic target pattern and the green light holographic target pattern are shown in fig. 7 and fig. 8.
Therefore, when the super surface material which simultaneously realizes the color nano printing and the color phase type holography is simultaneously incident by using linear polarized light with the wavelengths of 628nm and 528nm, a color nano printing pattern is formed on the surface of the super surface material through an analyzer; after the super surface material simultaneously realizing color nano printing and color phase type holography is simultaneously incident with circular polarized light with the wavelength of 628nm and 528nm, a color Fourier hologram is observed on an optical screen in a far field (more than 30cm away from the super surface material) through an analyzer.
In summary, the metamaterial can simultaneously realize color nano printing and color phase type Fourier holography through two responses of light intensity modulation and phase modulation which are not affected by each other. In this embodiment, the colorful parrot image is used as the near-field target image, and the colorful flower image is used as the far-field holographic image for designing the super surface material, and the effect is shown in fig. 9. Because the two responses are not influenced mutually, the generated near-field image and far-field image have no correlation, so that the other holographic image can not be deduced from one image, and the metamaterial can be applied to the fields of color display, encryption, anti-counterfeiting and the like.
In other embodiments, the operating wavelength, the nano-brick material, the color print image and the color phase fourier hologram can be set as desired.
Claims (3)
1. A super surface material for simultaneously realizing color nano printing and color phase type holography is characterized in that:
the super surface material is formed by staggered arrangement of red light-responsive nano unit structures and green light-responsive nano unit structures to form a nano unit array, and the intervals between adjacent red light-responsive nano unit structures and adjacent green light-responsive nano unit structures are both
C is the period of the nano unit structure, wherein the nano unit structure is an asymmetric structure with a rectangular or elliptical cross section;
each nanometer unit structure in the nanometer unit array is equivalent to a half-wave plate, and the nanometer unit structure responding to red light and the nanometer unit structure responding to green light both have narrow-band response;
when red and green line polarized light is incident to the metamaterial, and then forms a color nano printing pattern in a near field through emergent light modulated by a polarization analyzer, wherein the polarization direction of a polarizer is vertical to the polarization direction of the polarization analyzer, and when the polarization directions of the polarizer and the polarization analyzer deviate from a designed value pi/8 or 3 pi/8, the color nano printing pattern in the near field realizes a certain image hiding function; when red and green incident circular polarized light passes through the metamaterial, reflected light of the metamaterial forms a color holographic image in a far field;
wherein the near field is a surface of the super surface material, and the far field is more than 30cm away from the super surface material.
2. The metamaterial for simultaneously performing color nanoprinting and color phase holography as claimed in claim 1 wherein:
the near-field color nano printing image realizes color adjustment and continuous gray level adjustment;
the color holographic image of the far field is a color phase type Fourier hologram with 4 steps.
3. A design method of the super surface material for realizing color nano printing and color phase type holography simultaneously as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to two or more selected incident light wavelengths, electromagnetic simulation software is used for optimizing the period C of the nano-cell structure, the widths W1, W2 and W3 … Wn of the nano-cell structure, the height H and the lengths L1, L2 and L3 … Ln by aiming at narrow bandwidth, small crosstalk and high cross polarization conversion efficiency when the nano-cell structure is vertically irradiated by left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized light;
(2) according to the emergent light intensity formula of incident linearly polarized light passing through the nano unit structure and the analyzer in sequence
It can be seen that the domain [0, π ] of the rotation angle θ due to the nano-unit structure]Intrinsic is non-monotonic, so when the intensity is I0The line polarization passes through a corner of
The four kinds of nanometer unit structures are processed by an analyzer with the polarization analyzing direction vertical to the incident ray polarization, and the generated emergent light intensity is all
In combination with the PB phase principle, when circular polarized light passes through a rotation angle of
The emergent reverse circular polarization light of the four nano unit structures is additionally provided with
Four phase regulating quantities, and obtains extra phase regulating freedom degree on the premise of ensuring near field continuous strength regulation, theta is the rotation angle of the nano unit structure, α1Is the polarization direction of linearly polarized light, I0The intensity of linearly polarized light;
(3) based on the above principle, when designing a meta-surface material with N nano-unit structures, assuming that N/2 nano-unit structures responding to red light and N/2 nano-unit structures responding to green light, all 4 nano-unit structures are calculated according to the red component of the color image of the near fieldN/2Combining the rotation angles, and calculating another 4 according to the green color component of the color imageN/2And (4) carrying out corner combination, and finally determining the corner arrangement of the nano unit structure according to the color pattern to be generated in the far field by combining a simulated annealing optimization algorithm.
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| CN111007664A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-14 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Design method of diffractive optical element with high diffraction efficiency and low speckle noise |
| CN111009181B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-01-01 | 武汉大学 | Super-surface-based design method for realizing multiplexing of single-color random anti-counterfeiting pattern and double-color anti-counterfeiting pattern |
| CN111145071B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-10-22 | 武汉大学 | Three-channel super-surface multiplexing method for superposing watermarks in continuous gray level images |
| CN111158074B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-11-02 | 武汉大学 | Double-channel color-coded anti-counterfeiting image display super surface and design method thereof |
| CN111310199B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-01-05 | 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 | Spiral multiplexing integrated super-surface element, real-time optical encryption method and system |
| CN111984209B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2023-01-20 | 暨南大学 | Super-structure surface capable of displaying double sets of color printing and holographic images and design method thereof |
| CN112733343B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-04-15 | 武汉大学 | Design method of super-surface color nano printing device capable of realizing reconfigurable watermark |
| CN112882139B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-01-04 | 武汉大学 | Super surface for realizing near-field structural color display and holographic multiplexing and design method thereof |
| CN113703239B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2022-04-29 | 武汉大学 | Electrically-controllable dual-channel display method based on liquid crystal |
| CN114895543B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-08-18 | 武汉大学 | Gray nanometer printing design method based on holographic zero-order and super-surface geometric phase |
| CN114967123B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-03-10 | 武汉大学 | Super surface, design method thereof and holographic display method based on super surface |
| CN115150521B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2023-08-25 | 武汉大学 | Three-channel super-surface-based shift encryption system and design method thereof |
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