CN110455697B - Single-layer diaphragm mass transfer performance fine measurement device - Google Patents
Single-layer diaphragm mass transfer performance fine measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/086—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials of films, membranes or pellicules
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device which comprises a low-humidity air treatment module, a high-humidity air treatment module and membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange equipment, wherein the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange equipment comprises a single-layer membrane, a low-humidity air side and a high-humidity air side, the low-humidity air treatment module comprises a cold air fan, a surface air cooler, a low-humidity air buffer tank, a check valve and a circulating fan which are sequentially connected along the low-temperature low-humidity air flow entering direction, and the low-humidity air side of the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange equipment is connected and arranged between the check valve and the circulating fan. The device increases the mass transfer capacity between two air flows by utilizing time accumulation, and can realize high-precision and quick measurement of the mass transfer capacity of the single-layer membrane with different microstructure forms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heating ventilation air conditioning systems, and relates to a membrane humidifying performance testing device.
Background
Air humidity is an important parameter of air conditioning, and currently, common air dehumidification methods include condensation dehumidification, solid adsorption dehumidification, solution absorption dehumidification, pressurized cooling dehumidification, membrane dehumidification and the like. Compared with other dehumidification methods, the membrane dehumidification method has the advantages of continuous dehumidification process, no pollution problem, high dehumidification efficiency, simple equipment, easy maintenance and the like, and has wide application prospect.
The membrane dehumidification is a novel dehumidification technology generated along with the development of a membrane separation technology in recent years, and a key component of the membrane dehumidification is a selective permeation membrane, so that water vapor can pass through the membrane but oxygen, nitrogen and the like cannot pass through the membrane, and the water vapor is separated from air to achieve the purpose of dehumidification. To allow water vapor to permeate the membrane, a difference in partial pressure of water vapor must be present across the membrane, and it is ensured that water molecules cannot accumulate on the permeate side of the membrane during use so as not to degrade the dehumidifying performance of the membrane.
In conclusion, the dehumidification membrane is the main factor determining the membrane dehumidification effect, the research on the membrane material is the important research content of the membrane dehumidification technology, and the ideal dehumidification membrane has the advantages of high separation efficiency, good mechanical strength, long service life, reasonable price and easy production. The existing dehumidifying film has the defects of low moisture permeability, poor strength, high cost and the like. Therefore, the research on the membrane material is an important research content of the membrane dehumidification technology. In the middle of research, scientific technical means and facilities are needed to perform performance tests on membranes of different materials. Because the time of air flow flowing through the single-layer membrane is short and the humidity difference of the air inlet and the air outlet is small, the mass transfer performance of the single-layer membrane is difficult to accurately measure by the conventional measuring method.
In view of the above background art, at present, there is no single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device that repeatedly passes a certain amount of air through a membrane to be measured and improves the measurement accuracy by increasing the total mass transfer amount.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention provides a single-layer diaphragm mass transfer performance fine measurement device which can adjust the air temperature and humidity and measure the change condition of the air moisture content with high precision.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device which comprises a low-humidity air treatment module, a high-humidity air treatment module and membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange equipment, wherein the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange equipment comprises a single-layer membrane, a low-humidity air side and a high-humidity air side;
the high-humidity air treatment module comprises a heater, a humidifier, a high-humidity air buffer tank and a hot air fan which are sequentially connected along the high-temperature high-humidity air flow entering direction, and the high-humidity air side of the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange equipment is connected and arranged between the high-humidity air buffer tank and the hot air fan.
Furthermore, in the device, a low-humidity air flow meter, a low-humidity air humidity meter and a low-humidity air temperature meter are arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the check valve and the outlet of the circulating fan.
Furthermore, in the device, a high-humidity air inlet hygrometer and a high-humidity air inlet thermometer are arranged on a pipeline between a high-humidity air side inlet of the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer and a high-humidity air buffer tank outlet, and a high-humidity air flowmeter, a high-humidity air outlet hygrometer and a high-humidity air outlet thermometer are arranged on a pipeline between a high-humidity air side outlet of the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer and a hot air fan inlet.
Furthermore, in the device, the online sampling device is connected with a dew point instrument for measuring the sampled air.
Furthermore, in the device, an inlet on the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer is connected with an outlet of the check valve through a low-humidity air pipeline, and an outlet on the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer is connected with an inlet of the online sampling device through a low-humidity air pipeline; the inlet of the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device for membrane mass transfer is connected with the outlet of the high-humidity air buffer tank through a high-humidity air pipeline, and the outlet of the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device for membrane mass transfer is connected with the inlet of the hot air fan through a high-humidity air pipeline.
Furthermore, in the device, the low-temperature low-humidity airflow is condensed and dehumidified by the surface air cooler to become low-temperature low-humidity airflow, the high-temperature high-humidity airflow is heated by the heater and humidified by the humidifier to become high-temperature high-humidity airflow, and the low-temperature low-humidity airflow and the high-temperature high-humidity airflow are respectively subjected to heat and mass exchange on the low-humidity air side and the high-humidity air side of the diaphragm in the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer through the diaphragm.
In the preferred scheme of the device, a surface cooler is adopted to condense and dehumidify one part of air, a heater and a humidifier are adopted to heat and humidify the other part of air, the two parts of air need to be treated to reasonable temperature and humidity, and meanwhile, a reasonable flow ratio needs to be arranged when the air flows through the two sides of the membrane, so that the test precision is improved. The high-temperature high-humidity airflow is continuously introduced into the system for one-time use; and stopping introducing the low-temperature low-humidity air flow after a certain amount of the low-temperature low-humidity air flow is introduced into the system, repeatedly circulating under the driving of a circulating fan, and repeatedly dehumidifying the high-temperature high-humidity air flow in a heat and mass exchange device for membrane mass transfer. The online sampling device samples at fixed time intervals (5-10L/min), a dew point meter with high precision (plus or minus 1 ℃) is used for measuring the change condition of the moisture content of the low-temperature low-humidity air flow, the mass transfer capacity of the low-temperature low-humidity air flow and the high-temperature high-humidity air flow is increased by utilizing time accumulation, and the high-precision test of the mass transfer performance of the single-layer membrane can be realized.
The device comprises a fan, a surface cooler, a heater, a humidifier, a buffer tank, a heat and mass exchange device adopting membrane mass transfer, and related valves and measuring instruments. The device is divided into two parts of air flow during operation. Wherein, a part of the air flow passes through the heater, the humidifier and the buffer tank in sequence to form high-temperature and high-humidity air with uniform and stable flow and pressure, and the high-temperature and high-humidity air is continuously supplied to one side of the membrane in the heat and mass exchange equipment; the other part of the air flow passes through the surface cooler and the buffer tank in sequence to form low-temperature and low-humidity air with uniform and stable flow and pressure, and the low-temperature and low-humidity air is repeatedly circulated on the other side of the membrane in the heat and mass exchange equipment. The low humidity gas stream is continuously humidified by the high humidity gas stream by mass transfer through the membrane. Sampling is carried out at fixed time intervals by using an online sampling device, and the moisture content change condition of the low-humidity airflow is measured by using a high-precision dew-point instrument. The method increases the mass transfer quantity between two air flows by utilizing time accumulation, and can realize high-precision and quick measurement of the mass transfer quantity of the single-layer membrane in different microstructure forms.
The single-layer diaphragm mass transfer performance fine measurement device provided by the invention prepares a certain amount of low-temperature low-humidity air to repeatedly circulate through one side of the membrane to be measured, and continuously prepares high-temperature high-humidity air to continuously pass through the other side of the membrane to be measured, so as to carry out membrane dehumidification on the air. And the moisture content of the circulating air is sampled and measured at fixed time intervals, and the moisture absorption of the circulating air is increased by utilizing time accumulation, so that the test of the mass transfer performance of the single-layer membrane with higher precision is realized.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the device of the invention is mainly different from the conventional measuring device in that a certain amount of air to be measured repeatedly passes through one side of the membrane, the total mass transfer amount is increased by increasing the total mass transfer time, and the problems of short time for air flow to flow through a single-layer membrane and small humidity difference of an air inlet and an air outlet are solved.
In addition, the device is provided with a surface cooler, a heater and a humidifier, so that the air can be pretreated to a proper state, and the buffer tank can stabilize the flow and pressure of the air and provide a good test condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system of a single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device of the present invention.
The figure shows that: the system comprises a cold air fan 1, a surface air cooler 2, a low-humidity air buffer tank 3, a check valve 4, a low-humidity air thermometer 5, a low-humidity air hygrometer 6, a low-humidity air flow meter 7, a circulating fan 8, an online sampling device 9, a dew point meter 10, a heater 11, a humidifier 12, a high-humidity air buffer tank 13, a high-humidity air inlet hygrometer 14, a high-humidity air inlet thermometer 15, a heat and mass exchange device for membrane mass transfer 16, a high-humidity air flow meter 17, a high-humidity air outlet hygrometer 18, a high-humidity air outlet thermometer 19 and a hot air fan 20.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system of a single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device, which comprises a low-humidity air treatment module, a high-humidity air treatment module and a membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange device, wherein two parts of air participate in the operation of the device. The low-humidity air treatment module in the device comprises a cold air fan 1, a surface cooler 2, a low-humidity air buffer tank 3, a check valve 4, an online sampling device 9, a circulating fan 8, a low-humidity air flow meter 7, a low-humidity air hygrometer 6, a low-humidity air thermometer 5 and a dew-point instrument 10, wherein the cold air fan 1, the surface cooler 2, the low-humidity air buffer tank 3 and the check valve 4 are sequentially connected along the low-temperature low-humidity air flow entering direction, and the dew-point instrument 10 is used for measuring the sampled air in the online sampling device 9. The high-humidity air treatment module comprises a heater 11, a humidifier 12, a high-humidity air buffer tank 13, a high-humidity air inlet hygrometer 14, a high-humidity air inlet thermometer 15, a high-humidity air flow meter 17, a high-humidity air outlet hygrometer 18, a high-humidity air outlet thermometer 19 and a hot air blower 20 which are sequentially connected along the high-temperature high-humidity air flow entering direction. The membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange device 16 comprises a single membrane sheet, a low moisture air side through which a high temperature and high moisture gas stream flows, and a high moisture air side through which a low temperature and low moisture gas stream flows.
In one embodiment of the invention, the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange device 16 comprises a single membrane sheet, a low moisture air side and a high moisture air side; the low-humidity air treatment module comprises a cold air fan 1, a surface cooler 2, a low-humidity air buffer tank 3, a check valve 4 and a circulating fan 8 which are sequentially connected along the low-temperature low-humidity air flow entering direction, the low-humidity air side of a heat and mass exchange device 16 for membrane mass transfer is connected and arranged between the check valve 4 and the circulating fan 8, the outlet of the check valve 4 is also connected with the outlet of the circulating fan 8 through a pipeline, an online sampling device 9 is arranged on the pipeline between the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device 16 and the inlet of the circulating fan 8, and the online sampling device 9 is connected with a dew point instrument 10 for measuring sampled air; the high-humidity air treatment module comprises a heater 11, a humidifier 12, a high-humidity air buffer tank 13 and a hot air fan 20 which are sequentially connected along the high-temperature high-humidity air flow entering direction, and the high-humidity air side of the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange device 16 is connected and arranged between the high-humidity air buffer tank 13 and the hot air fan 20.
In one embodiment of the invention, a low-humidity air flow meter 7, a low-humidity air hygrometer 6 and a low-humidity air thermometer 5 are arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the check valve 4 and the outlet of the circulating fan 8; a high-humidity air inlet hygrometer 14 and a high-humidity air inlet thermometer 15 are arranged on a pipeline between a high-humidity air side inlet of the heat and mass exchange device 16 for membrane mass transfer and an outlet of the high-humidity air buffer tank 13; a high-humidity air flow meter 17, a high-humidity air outlet hygrometer 18 and a high-humidity air outlet thermometer 19 are arranged on a pipeline between a high-humidity air side outlet of the heat and mass exchange device 16 for membrane mass transfer and an inlet of a hot air fan 20.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inlet of the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device 16 for membrane mass transfer is connected with the outlet of the check valve 4 through a low-humidity air pipeline, and the outlet of the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device 16 for membrane mass transfer is connected with the inlet of the online sampling device 9 through a low-humidity air pipeline; the inlet of the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device 16 for membrane mass transfer is connected with the outlet of the high-humidity air buffer tank 13 through a high-humidity air pipeline, and the outlet of the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device 16 for membrane mass transfer is connected with the inlet of the hot air fan 20 through a high-humidity air pipeline.
When the device works, a part of air flow passes through the heater 11, the humidifier 12 and the high-humidity air buffer tank 13 in sequence to become high-temperature high-humidity, pressure-stabilizing and flow-stabilizing air flow, then passes through the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment 16 for membrane mass transfer to participate in heat and mass exchange, and is finally sent away by the hot air fan 20, and the process is continuous. The other part of the air flow is pushed by the cold air blower 1, then passes through the surface air cooler 2 and the low-humidity air buffer tank 3 in sequence to become low-temperature low-humidity and pressure-stabilizing air flow, then flows through the check valve 4, and participates in heat and mass exchange through the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment 16 for membrane mass transfer. When the introduced low-temperature low-humidity air flow reaches a certain amount, the check valve 4 is closed, and the same part of low-temperature low-humidity air repeatedly passes through the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment 16 for membrane mass transfer, the online sampling device 9 and the circulating fan 8 in sequence. The online sampling device 9 samples the low-temperature low-humidity air flow at fixed time intervals, and then the dew point instrument 10 measures the moisture content of the sampled air to obtain the moisture content change condition of the low-temperature low-humidity air flow, so as to measure the mass transfer performance of the diaphragm.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalents can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and equivalents fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device is characterized by comprising a low-humidity air treatment module, a high-humidity air treatment module and a heat and mass exchange device (16) for membrane mass transfer, the heat and mass exchange device (16) for membrane mass transfer comprises a single-layer membrane sheet, a low-humidity air side and a high-humidity air side, the low-humidity air treatment module comprises a cold air blower (1), a surface air cooler (2), a low-humidity air buffer tank (3), a check valve (4) and a circulating fan (8) which are sequentially connected along the low-temperature low-humidity airflow inlet direction, the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment (16) for membrane mass transfer is connected and arranged between the check valve (4) and the circulating fan (8), the outlet of the check valve (4) is also connected with the outlet of the circulating fan (8) through a pipeline, and an online sampling device (9) is arranged on the pipeline between the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment (16) and the inlet of the circulating fan (8);
the high-humidity air treatment module comprises a heater (11), a humidifier (12), a high-humidity air buffer tank (13) and a hot air fan (20) which are sequentially connected along the high-temperature high-humidity air flow entering direction, and the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment (16) for membrane mass transfer is connected and arranged between the high-humidity air buffer tank (13) and the hot air fan (20).
2. The single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device according to claim 1, wherein a low-humidity air flow meter (7), a low-humidity air humidity meter (6) and a low-humidity air temperature meter (5) are arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the check valve (4) and the outlet of the circulating fan (8).
3. The single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device according to claim 1, wherein a high-humidity air inlet hygrometer (14) and a high-humidity air inlet thermometer (15) are arranged on a pipeline between a high-humidity air side inlet of the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange device (16) and a high-humidity air buffer tank (13) outlet, and a high-humidity air flowmeter (17), a high-humidity air outlet hygrometer (18) and a high-humidity air outlet thermometer (19) are arranged on a pipeline between a high-humidity air side outlet of the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange device (16) and an inlet of a hot air fan (20).
4. The single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the online sampling device (9) is connected with a dew point instrument (10) for measuring sampled air.
5. The single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein an inlet of a low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device (16) of the membrane mass transfer is connected with an outlet of the check valve (4) through a low-humidity air pipeline, and an outlet of the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device (16) of the membrane mass transfer is connected with an inlet of the on-line sampling device (9) through a low-humidity air pipeline; an inlet of the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device (16) for membrane mass transfer is connected with an outlet of the high-humidity air buffer tank (13) through a high-humidity air pipeline, and an outlet of the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device (16) for membrane mass transfer is connected with an inlet of a hot air fan (20) through a high-humidity air pipeline.
6. The single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the low-temperature low-humidity air flow is condensed and dehumidified by the surface air cooler (2) to become a low-temperature low-humidity air flow, the high-temperature high-humidity air flow is heated by the heater (11) and humidified by the humidifier (12) to become a high-temperature high-humidity air flow, and the low-temperature low-humidity air flow and the high-temperature high-humidity air flow respectively perform heat and mass exchange on the low-humidity air side and the high-humidity air side of the membrane in the heat and mass exchange equipment (16) for membrane mass transfer through the membrane.
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