CN110455697B - Refinement measurement device for mass transfer performance of single-layer diaphragm - Google Patents
Refinement measurement device for mass transfer performance of single-layer diaphragm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种单层膜片传质性能精细化测量装置，包括低湿空气处理模块、高湿空气处理模块和膜传质的热质交换设备，所述膜传质的热质交换设备包括单层膜片、低湿空气侧和高湿空气侧，所述低湿空气处理模块包括沿低温低湿气流进入方向依次连接的冷风风机、表冷器、低湿空气缓冲罐、止回阀、循环风机，所述膜传质的热质交换设备的低湿空气侧连接设置在止回阀和循环风机之间。本发明装置利用时间积累增加两股空气之间的传质量，能够实现对不同微观结构形式的单层膜片传质能力高精度、快速的测量。
The invention discloses a single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device, which includes a low-humidity air treatment module, a high-humidity air treatment module and a heat and mass exchange device for membrane mass transfer. The heat and mass exchange device for membrane mass transfer comprises: The single-layer diaphragm, the low-humidity air side and the high-humidity air side, the low-humidity air treatment module includes a cold air fan, a surface cooler, a low-humidity air buffer tank, a check valve, and a circulating fan connected in sequence along the entry direction of the low-temperature and low-humidity airflow, so The low-humidity air side connection of the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer is arranged between the check valve and the circulating fan. The device of the invention utilizes time accumulation to increase the mass transfer between the two air streams, and can realize high-precision and fast measurement of the mass transfer capacity of single-layer membranes with different microstructure forms.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于暖通空调系统领域，涉及一种膜调湿的性能测试装置。The invention belongs to the field of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, and relates to a performance testing device for membrane humidity control.
背景技术Background technique
空气湿度是空气调节的一个重要参数，目前常用的空气除湿方法有冷凝除湿、固体吸附除湿、溶液吸收除湿、加压冷却除湿、膜除湿等。相较于其他除湿方法，膜除湿具有除湿过程连续、无污染问题、除湿效率高、设备简单易维护等优点，有着很广阔的应用前景。Air humidity is an important parameter of air conditioning. At present, the commonly used air dehumidification methods include condensation dehumidification, solid adsorption dehumidification, solution absorption dehumidification, pressurized cooling dehumidification, membrane dehumidification, etc. Compared with other dehumidification methods, membrane dehumidification has the advantages of continuous dehumidification process, no pollution problems, high dehumidification efficiency, simple and easy maintenance of equipment, etc., and has a broad application prospect.
膜除湿是近年来随着膜分离技术发展而产生的新型除湿技术，其关键部件为选择性透过膜，水蒸气可以通过膜而氧气、氮气等不能通过，这样就将水蒸气从空气中分离出来，达到除湿的目的。要使水蒸气透过膜，必须在膜两侧有水蒸气分压力差，且要保证在使用过程中水分子不能在膜的渗透侧积聚以免降低膜的除湿性能。Membrane dehumidification is a new type of dehumidification technology developed with the development of membrane separation technology in recent years. Its key component is a selective permeable membrane. Water vapor can pass through the membrane but oxygen and nitrogen cannot pass through, so that water vapor is separated from the air. out to achieve the purpose of dehumidification. To allow water vapor to permeate through the membrane, there must be a water vapor partial pressure difference on both sides of the membrane, and it must be ensured that water molecules cannot accumulate on the permeable side of the membrane during use to avoid reducing the dehumidification performance of the membrane.
综上所述，除湿膜是决定膜除湿效果的主要因素，膜材料的研究是膜除湿技术的重要研究内容，理想的除湿膜应分离效率高、机械强度好、使用寿命长、价格合理和易于生产。现在除湿膜存在透湿率低、强度差、成本高等缺点。因此膜材料的研究是膜除湿技术的重要研究内容。在研究当中，需要科学的技术手段和设施对不同材料的膜进行性能测试。由于空气气流流过单层膜片的时间很短，空气进出口的湿差较小，因此，常规测量方法较难准确测量单层膜片的传质性能。To sum up, the dehumidification membrane is the main factor that determines the dehumidification effect of the membrane. The research of membrane material is an important research content of membrane dehumidification technology. The ideal dehumidification membrane should have high separation efficiency, good mechanical strength, long service life, reasonable price and easy to use. Production. At present, the dehumidification membrane has the disadvantages of low moisture permeability, poor strength and high cost. Therefore, the research of membrane materials is an important research content of membrane dehumidification technology. In the research, scientific and technical means and facilities are needed to test the performance of membranes of different materials. Because the air flow through the single-layer diaphragm is very short and the humidity difference between the air inlet and outlet is small, it is difficult to accurately measure the mass transfer performance of the single-layer diaphragm by conventional measurement methods.
从以上背景技术来看，目前尚未有一种将一定量空气反复通过待测膜片，并通过增加总的传质量来提高测试精度的单层膜片传质性能精细化测量装置。From the above background technology, there is not yet a single-layer diaphragm mass transfer performance fine measurement device that repeatedly passes a certain amount of air through the diaphragm to be tested and increases the total mass transfer to improve the test accuracy.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
技术问题：本发明提供了一种能够对空气温湿度进行调节，高精度测量空气含湿量变化情况的单层膜片传质性能精细化测量装置。Technical problem: The present invention provides a single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device that can adjust the air temperature and humidity and measure the change of the air moisture content with high precision.
技术方案：本发明的单层膜片传质性能精细化测量装置，包括低湿空气处理模块、高湿空气处理模块和膜传质的热质交换设备，所述膜传质的热质交换设备包括单层膜片、低湿空气侧和高湿空气侧，所述低湿空气处理模块包括沿低温低湿气流进入方向依次连接的冷风风机、表冷器、低湿空气缓冲罐、止回阀、循环风机，所述膜传质的热质交换设备的低湿空气侧连接设置在止回阀和循环风机之间，止回阀的出口还通过管路与循环风机的出口连接，热质交换设备的低湿空气侧与循环风机进口之间的管路上设置有在线采样装置；Technical solution: The single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device of the present invention includes a low-humidity air treatment module, a high-humidity air treatment module and a heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer, and the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer includes The single-layer diaphragm, the low-humidity air side and the high-humidity air side, the low-humidity air treatment module includes a cold air fan, a surface cooler, a low-humidity air buffer tank, a check valve, and a circulating fan connected in sequence along the entry direction of the low-temperature and low-humidity airflow, so The low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer is connected between the check valve and the circulating fan. The outlet of the check valve is also connected to the outlet of the circulating fan through a pipeline. The low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment is connected to An online sampling device is arranged on the pipeline between the inlets of the circulating fan;
所述高湿空气处理模块包括沿高温高湿气流进入方向依次连接的加热器、加湿器、高湿空气缓冲罐和热风风机，所述膜传质的热质交换设备的高湿空气侧连接设置在高湿空气缓冲罐和热风风机之间。The high-humidity air treatment module includes a heater, a humidifier, a high-humidity air buffer tank and a hot-air blower connected in sequence along the high-temperature and high-humidity airflow entry direction, and the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer is connected and set Between the high humidity air buffer tank and the hot air blower.
进一步的，本发明装置中，所述止回阀出口与循环风机出口之间的管路上设置有低湿空气流量计、低湿空气湿度计、低湿空气温度计。Further, in the device of the present invention, a low-humidity air flow meter, a low-humidity air hygrometer, and a low-humidity air thermometer are arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the check valve and the outlet of the circulating fan.
进一步的，本发明装置中，所述膜传质的热质交换设备的高湿空气侧进口与高湿空气缓冲罐出口之间的管路上设置有高湿空气入口湿度计、高湿空气入口温度计，膜传质的热质交换设备的高湿空气侧出口与热风风机进口之间的管路上设置有高湿空气流量计、高湿空气出口湿度计、高湿空气出口温度计。Further, in the device of the present invention, a high-humidity air inlet hygrometer and a high-humidity air inlet thermometer are arranged on the pipeline between the high-humidity air side inlet of the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange equipment and the high-humidity air buffer tank outlet. , A high-humidity air flowmeter, a high-humidity air outlet hygrometer, and a high-humidity air outlet thermometer are arranged on the pipeline between the high-humidity air side outlet of the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange equipment and the hot air blower inlet.
进一步的，本发明装置中，所述在线采样装置连接设置有用于测量采样空气的露点仪。Further, in the device of the present invention, the online sampling device is connected with a dew point meter for measuring the sampled air.
进一步的，本发明装置中，所述膜传质的热质交换设备的低湿空气侧的入口处与止回阀的出口处通过低湿空气管路连接，所述膜传质的热质交换设备的低湿空气侧的出口处与在线采样装置的入口处通过低湿空气管路连接；所述膜传质的热质交换设备的高湿空气侧的入口处与高湿空气缓冲罐的出口处通过高湿空气管路连接，所述膜传质的热质交换设备的高湿空气侧的出口处与热风风机的入口处通过高湿空气管路连接。Further, in the device of the present invention, the inlet of the low-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer is connected to the outlet of the check valve through a low-humidity air pipeline, and the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer is The outlet of the low-humidity air side is connected to the inlet of the online sampling device through a low-humidity air pipeline; the inlet of the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer is connected to the outlet of the high-humidity air buffer tank through a high-humidity air line. The air pipeline is connected, and the outlet of the high-humidity air side of the heat and mass exchange device for membrane mass transfer is connected with the inlet of the hot air blower through the high-humidity air pipeline.
进一步的，本发明装置中，所述低温低湿气流经过表冷器冷凝去湿后成为低温低湿的气流，高温高湿气流经过加热器升温和加湿器增湿后成为高温高湿的气流，低温低湿气流和高温高湿气流分别在膜传质的热质交换设备中膜片的低湿空气侧和高湿空气侧通过膜片进行热质交换。Further, in the device of the present invention, the low-temperature and low-humidity airflow becomes a low-temperature and low-humidity airflow after being condensed and dehumidified by a surface cooler, and the high-temperature and high-humidity airflow becomes a high-temperature and high-humidity airflow after being heated up by a heater and humidified by a humidifier. The airflow and the high-temperature and high-humidity airflow pass through the membrane for heat and mass exchange on the low-humidity air side and the high-humidity air side of the membrane respectively in the membrane mass transfer heat and mass exchange device.
本发明装置的优选方案中，采用表冷器对一部分空气进行冷凝除湿，采用加热器和加湿器对另一部分空气进行加热加湿，两部分空气需要被处理到合理的温湿度，同时在流过膜的两侧时，需要有一个合理的流量比，以提高测试的精度。高温高湿气流持续地通入系统中，一次性使用；低温低湿气流通入系统一定量后停止通入，在循环风机的驱动下反复循环，在膜传质的热质交换设备中反复对高温高湿气流进行除湿。在线采样装置以固定时间间隔采样(5-10L/min)，使用高精度(±1℃)的露点仪测量低温低湿气流含湿量的变化情况，以上方法利用时间积累增加低温低湿气流和高温高湿气流的传质量，能够实现单层膜片的传质性能较高精度的测试。In the preferred solution of the device of the present invention, a surface cooler is used to condense and dehumidify a part of the air, and a heater and a humidifier are used to heat and humidify the other part of the air. A reasonable flow ratio is required to improve the accuracy of the test. The high-temperature and high-humidity airflow is continuously passed into the system for one-time use; the low-temperature and low-humidity airflow enters the system after a certain amount and then stops, and is repeatedly circulated under the drive of the circulating fan, and the high temperature is repeatedly measured in the heat and mass exchange equipment for membrane mass transfer. High humidity airflow for dehumidification. The online sampling device samples at fixed time intervals (5-10L/min), and uses a high-precision (±1°C) dew point meter to measure the change in the moisture content of the low-temperature and low-humidity airflow. The above methods use time accumulation to increase the low-temperature, low-humidity airflow and high-temperature high-temperature The mass transfer of the wet air flow can realize the high-precision test of the mass transfer performance of the single-layer diaphragm.
本发明装置包括风机、表冷器、加热器、加湿器、缓冲罐、采用膜传质的热质交换设备，以及相关的阀件和测量仪表。装置在运行的过程中分为两部分气流。其中一部分气流依次经过加热器、加湿器和缓冲罐，形成流量和压力均匀稳定的高温高湿空气，连续供给热质交换设备中膜的一侧；另一部分气流依次经过表冷器和缓冲罐，形成流量和压力均匀稳定的低温低湿空气，在热质交换设备中膜的另一侧反复循环。通过膜的传质，低湿气流持续被高湿气流加湿。使用在线采样装置以固定时间间隔采样，使用高精度露点仪测量低湿气流含湿量的变化情况。以上方法利用时间积累增加两股空气之间的传质量，能够实现对不同微观结构形式的单层膜片传质能力高精度、快速的测量。The device of the invention includes a fan, a surface cooler, a heater, a humidifier, a buffer tank, a heat and mass exchange device using membrane mass transfer, and related valve parts and measuring instruments. The device is divided into two parts of air flow during operation. One part of the air flow passes through the heater, humidifier and buffer tank in turn to form high temperature and high humidity air with uniform and stable flow and pressure, which is continuously supplied to one side of the membrane in the heat and mass exchange equipment; the other part of the air flow passes through the surface cooler and buffer tank in turn, The low-temperature and low-humidity air with uniform and stable flow and pressure is formed, and it circulates repeatedly on the other side of the membrane in the heat and mass exchange equipment. By mass transfer through the membrane, the low-humidity gas stream is continuously humidified by the high-humidity gas stream. Use an online sampling device to sample at fixed time intervals, and use a high-precision dew point meter to measure the change in the moisture content of the low-humidity airflow. The above method utilizes time accumulation to increase the mass transfer between the two air streams, and can achieve high-precision and rapid measurement of the mass transfer capability of a single-layer membrane with different microstructures.
本发明的单层膜片传质性能精细化测量装置，制取一定量的低温低湿空气反复循环通过待测膜的一侧，并不断制取高温高湿的空气持续通过待测膜的另一侧，对其进行膜除湿。其间以固定时间间隔采样并测量循环空气的含湿量，利用时间积累增加循环空气的吸湿量，实现单层膜片的传质性能较高精度的测试。The single-layer membrane mass transfer performance fine measurement device of the present invention prepares a certain amount of low-temperature and low-humidity air to repeatedly circulate through one side of the membrane to be measured, and continuously prepares high-temperature and high-humidity air to continuously pass through the other side of the membrane to be measured. side, which is subjected to membrane dehumidification. During this period, the moisture content of the circulating air is sampled and measured at fixed time intervals, and the time accumulation is used to increase the moisture absorption of the circulating air, so as to achieve a high-precision test of the mass transfer performance of the single-layer membrane.
有益效果：本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：Beneficial effect: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明装置与常规测量装置的主要区别在于，将一定量的待测空气反复通过膜的一侧，通过增加总的传质时间来增加传质总量，解决了空气气流流过单层膜片的时间短、空气进出口的湿差小的问题。The main difference between the device of the present invention and the conventional measuring device is that a certain amount of air to be measured is repeatedly passed through one side of the membrane, and the total mass transfer time is increased by increasing the total mass transfer time, which solves the problem of air flow through the single-layer membrane. The problem is that the time is short and the humidity difference between the air inlet and outlet is small.
此外，装置中设置有表冷器、加热器和加湿器，能够将空气预处理到适宜的状态，缓冲罐还可以稳定空气的流量和压力，提供一个良好的测试条件。In addition, the device is equipped with a surface cooler, a heater and a humidifier, which can pretreat the air to a suitable state. The buffer tank can also stabilize the air flow and pressure, providing a good test condition.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明单层膜片传质性能精细化测量装置系统原理图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system principle of the fine measurement device for the mass transfer performance of a single-layer diaphragm according to the present invention.
图中有：冷风风机1、表冷器2、低湿空气缓冲罐3、止回阀4、低湿空气温度计5、低湿空气湿度计6、低湿空气流量计7、循环风机8、在线采样装置9、露点仪10、加热器11、加湿器12、高湿空气缓冲罐13、高湿空气入口湿度计14、高湿空气入口温度计15、膜传质的热质交换设备16、高湿空气流量计17、高湿空气出口湿度计18、高湿空气出口温度计19、热风风机20。There are: cold air fan 1,
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例和说明书附图对本发明作进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
图1为本发明单层膜片传质性能精细化测量装置的系统原理图，该装置包括低湿空气处理模块、高湿空气处理模块和膜传质的热质交换设备，有两部分空气参与装置的运行。装置中的低湿空气处理模块包括沿低温低湿气流进入方向依次连接的冷风风机1、表冷器2、低湿空气缓冲罐3、止回阀4和沿低温低湿气流循环方向依次连接的在线采样装置9、循环风机8、低湿空气流量计7、低湿空气湿度计6、低湿空气温度计5和用于测量在线采样装置9中采样空气的露点仪10。所述高湿空气处理模块包括沿高温高湿气流进入方向依次连接的加热器11、加湿器12、高湿空气缓冲罐13、高湿空气入口湿度计14、高湿空气入口温度计15、高湿空气流量计17、高湿空气出口湿度计18、高湿空气出口温度计19和热风风机20。所述膜传质的热质交换设备16包括单层膜片、低湿空气侧和高湿空气侧，其中高温高湿气流流过高湿空气侧，低温低湿气流流过低湿空气侧。Fig. 1 is the system principle diagram of the single-layer membrane mass transfer performance refinement measurement device of the present invention. The device includes a low-humidity air treatment module, a high-humidity air treatment module and a heat and mass exchange device for membrane mass transfer. There are two parts of the air participating in the device. operation. The low-humidity air processing module in the device includes a cold air fan 1, a
本发明的一种实施例中，所述膜传质的热质交换设备16包括单层膜片、低湿空气侧和高湿空气侧；所述低湿空气处理模块包括沿低温低湿气流进入方向依次连接的冷风风机1、表冷器2、低湿空气缓冲罐3、止回阀4、循环风机8，所述膜传质的热质交换设备16的低湿空气侧连接设置在止回阀4和循环风机8之间，止回阀4的出口还通过管路与循环风机8的出口连接，热质交换设备16的低湿空气侧与循环风机8进口之间的管路上设置有在线采样装置9，所述在线采样装置9连接设置有用于测量采样空气的露点仪10；所述高湿空气处理模块包括沿高温高湿气流进入方向依次连接的加热器11、加湿器12、高湿空气缓冲罐13和热风风机20，所述膜传质的热质交换设备16的高湿空气侧连接设置在高湿空气缓冲罐13和热风风机20之间。In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat and
本发明的一种实施例中，所述止回阀4出口与循环风机8出口之间的管路上设置有低湿空气流量计7、低湿空气湿度计6、低湿空气温度计5；所述膜传质的热质交换设备16的高湿空气侧进口与高湿空气缓冲罐13出口之间的管路上设置有高湿空气入口湿度计14、高湿空气入口温度计15；所述膜传质的热质交换设备16的高湿空气侧出口与热风风机20进口之间的管路上设置有高湿空气流量计17、高湿空气出口湿度计18、高湿空气出口温度计19。In an embodiment of the present invention, the pipeline between the outlet of the
本发明的一种实施例中，所述膜传质的热质交换设备16的低湿空气侧的入口处与止回阀4的出口处通过低湿空气管路连接，所述膜传质的热质交换设备16的低湿空气侧的出口处与在线采样装置9的入口处通过低湿空气管路连接；所述膜传质的热质交换设备16的高湿空气侧的入口处与高湿空气缓冲罐13的出口处通过高湿空气管路连接，所述膜传质的热质交换设备16的高湿空气侧的出口处与热风风机20的入口处通过高湿空气管路连接。In an embodiment of the present invention, the inlet of the low-humidity air side of the heat and
本发明装置工作时，一部分气流依次通过加热器11、加湿器12和高湿空气缓冲罐13后成为高温高湿、稳压稳流量的气流，之后通过膜传质的热质交换设备16的高湿空气侧参与热质交换，最终被热风风机20送走，这一过程是连续的。另一部分气流经过冷风风机1的推动后，依次通过表冷器2、低湿空气缓冲罐3，成为低温低湿、稳压的气流，之后流经止回阀4，通过膜传质的热质交换设备16的低湿空气侧参与热质交换。当通入的低温低湿气流达到一定量后，关闭止回阀4，同一部分的低温低湿空气反复依次经过膜传质的热质交换设备16的低湿空气侧、在线采样装置9、循环风机8。在线采样装置9以固定时间间隔对低温低湿气流进行采样，然后由露点仪10对采样空气进行含湿量的测定，得出低温低湿气流的含湿量变化情况，进而测得膜片的传质性能。When the device of the present invention is in operation, a part of the airflow passes through the
上述实施例仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和等同替换，这些对本发明权利要求进行改进和等同替换后的技术方案，均落入本发明的保护范围。The above-mentioned embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be pointed out: for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and equivalent replacements can also be made. The technical solutions required to be improved and equivalently replaced all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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