CN110454534A - 一种基于stf的多活塞变内径阻尼器 - Google Patents

一种基于stf的多活塞变内径阻尼器 Download PDF

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CN110454534A
CN110454534A CN201910743404.2A CN201910743404A CN110454534A CN 110454534 A CN110454534 A CN 110454534A CN 201910743404 A CN201910743404 A CN 201910743404A CN 110454534 A CN110454534 A CN 110454534A
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苑举卫
卫海
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Jiangsu Hongji Energy Saving New Technology Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
    • F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/30—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium with solid or semi-solid material, e.g. pasty masses, as damping medium
    • F16F9/303—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium with solid or semi-solid material, e.g. pasty masses, as damping medium the damper being of the telescopic type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3214—Constructional features of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3221—Constructional features of piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3235—Constructional features of cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F16F9/362—Combination of sealing and guide arrangements for piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/48—Arrangements for providing different damping effects at different parts of the stroke

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器，其包括主活塞杆、阻尼器缸体、剪切增稠液、副活塞、主活塞和壁环，所述阻尼器缸体的内部滑动设置有主活塞杆，所述主活塞杆的中部套设有副活塞，所述副活塞的两侧对称设置有主活塞，两个所述主活塞均固定套设在主活塞杆上，所述副活塞的两端均通过副活塞杆与主活塞固定相连，所述阻尼器缸体的内部两端均设置有璧环，所述阻尼器缸体的内腔中还充满剪切增稠液，本装置可针对不同的情况提供相应的阻尼值，在地震产生小位移时副活塞工作提供主要的阻尼力；随着位移的增大，主活塞在壁环内往返运动，主活塞和副活塞共同运动产生作用，阻尼力显著提高。

Description

一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器
技术领域
本发明属于结构减振技术领域，具体涉及一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器。
背景技术
现代科学技术的不断发展和进步，建筑结构的隔震减振装置也随之不断得到改善和更新。近几十年来，阻尼器技术在建筑、桥梁等建筑结构工程方面发展迅速。目前，阻尼器已经广泛的应用于各类建筑结构中。
剪切增稠液(Shear Thickening Fluid，简称STF)是本世纪在西方国家兴起的一种新型智能材料，在我国得到了进一步的发展。STF通常是液体的形式，一旦受到压紧、冲击，STF的粘度迅速增强，变成坚硬的固体。若外力撤去，STF会恢复到原来的状态。STF的可逆非牛顿流体行为使其可以较好地应用于阻尼器装置。
目前我国专利中，传统的粘滞阻尼器阻尼大小仅受活塞运动速度影响，阻尼值单一，具有局限性。很少考虑到阻尼器阻尼值随位移大小的变化而变化。中国专利(申请号201821074759.4)公开的“一种新型粘滞阻尼器”能在不更换阻尼器的条件下，提供不同阻尼值，但是其工作时阻尼值大小仅与活塞运动速度有关，无法在大位移、小位移的不同情况下提供不同的阻尼值。中国专利(CN201810731908.8)公开的“一种金属-粘滞-粘弹复合阻尼器和阻尼墙”可充分发挥粘滞阻尼器的阻尼耗能，但是其阻尼值大小仅与活塞运动速度有关，具有局限性，无法在不同位移的情况下提供不同的阻尼力。
因此，有必要提供一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
发明内容
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器，其包括主活塞杆、阻尼器缸体、剪切增稠液、副活塞、主活塞和壁环，所述阻尼器缸体的内部滑动设置有主活塞杆，所述主活塞杆的中部套设有副活塞，所述副活塞的两侧对称设置有主活塞，两个所述主活塞均固定套设在主活塞杆上，所述副活塞的两端均通过副活塞杆与主活塞固定相连，所述阻尼器缸体的内部两端均设置有璧环，所述阻尼器缸体的内腔中还充满剪切增稠液。
进一步，作为优选，所述主活塞杆沿着阻尼器缸体的轴向滑动设置，且所述主活塞杆的两端均伸出所述阻尼器缸体，所述阻尼器缸体的内部两端均固定设置有密封圈，所述密封圈套设在主活塞杆的外圆周上。
进一步，作为优选，所述主活塞和副活塞均为环状柱体，且所述主活塞的外圆周直径和副活塞的外圆周直径均小于阻尼器缸体的内腔直径，所述副活塞的内圆周直径大于所述主活塞杆的直径。
进一步，作为优选，所述壁环包括壁环A、壁环B和壁环C，且所述壁环A的壁厚大于壁环B的壁厚，所述壁环B的壁厚大于壁环C的壁厚，所述壁环A、壁环B和壁环C均通过焊缝与阻尼器缸体连接，且从靠近副活塞到远离副活塞依次排列为壁环C、壁环B和壁环A。
进一步，作为优选，所述副活塞的两端均通过四个副活塞杆与主活塞固定焊接，且四个所述副活塞杆为绕着主活塞杆在同一圆周上等角度设置。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本装置可针对不同的情况提供相应的阻尼值，本装置在阻尼器缸体的两端布置了不同厚度的壁环，副活塞杆与主活塞通过焊缝并联，在地震产生小位移时副活塞工作提供主要的阻尼力；随着位移的增大，主活塞在壁环内往返运动，主活塞和副活塞共同运动产生作用，阻尼力显著提高；
2、本发明的阻尼器结构形式合理可靠，主活塞与副活塞并联，主活塞可在壁环内外运动，阻尼器可以应对地震作用下不同速度、不同位移等多种情况；
3、本发明的阻尼器耗能能力高，采用主活塞和副活塞并联的形式，提高阻尼器的耗能能力。
附图说明
图1为图1为一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器的结构示意图；
图2为图1的A-A示意图；
图3为图1的B-B示意图。
图中：1、主活塞杆；2、阻尼器缸体；3、剪切增稠液；4、副活塞杆；5、副活塞；6、主活塞；7、密封圈；8、壁环A；9、壁环B；10、壁环C。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例：请参阅图1-3，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器，其包括主活塞杆1、阻尼器缸体2、剪切增稠液3、副活塞5、主活塞6和壁环，其特征在于，所述阻尼器缸体2的内部滑动设置有主活塞杆1，所述主活塞杆1的中部套设有副活塞5，所述副活塞5的两侧对称设置有主活塞6，两个所述主活塞6均固定套设在主活塞杆1上，所述副活塞5的两端均通过副活塞杆4与主活塞6固定相连，所述阻尼器缸体2的内部两端均设置有璧环，所述阻尼器缸体2的内腔中还充满剪切增稠液3。
本实施例中，所述主活塞杆1沿着阻尼器缸体2的轴向滑动设置，且所述主活塞杆1的两端均伸出所述阻尼器缸体2，所述阻尼器缸体2的内部两端均固定设置有密封圈7，所述密封圈7套设在主活塞杆1的外圆周上。
本实施例中，所述主活塞6和副活塞5均为环状柱体，且所述主活塞6的外圆周直径和副活塞5的外圆周直径均小于阻尼器缸体2的内腔直径，所述副活塞5的内圆周直径大于所述主活塞杆1的直径。
本实施例中，所述壁环包括壁环A8、壁环B9和壁环C10，且所述壁环A8的壁厚大于壁环B9的壁厚，所述壁环B9的壁厚大于壁环C10的壁厚，所述壁环A8、壁环B9和壁环C10均通过焊缝与阻尼器缸体2连接，且从靠近副活塞5到远离副活塞5依次排列为壁环C10、壁环B9和壁环A8。
本实施例中，所述副活塞5的两端均通过四个副活塞杆4与主活塞6固定焊接，且四个所述副活塞杆4为绕着主活塞杆1在同一圆周上等角度设置。
工作原理：在地震小位移时，阻尼力主要由副活塞5发生作用提供，主活塞6不与壁环接触；随着位移的增大，主活塞6与壁环接触且主活塞6在壁环内圈往返运动，此时阻尼力由主活塞6和副活塞5共同运动产生作用，阻尼力显著提高；随着主活塞6的位移增大，其先与壁环C10的内圈接触，再与壁环B9的内圈接触，再与壁环A8的内圈接触，由于壁环A8的壁厚大于壁环B9的壁厚，壁环B9的壁厚大于壁环C10的壁厚，从而使得活塞6在往返运动中产生的阻尼力随之提高，故而本发明可以应对地震作用下不同位移的震动。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (5)

1.一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器，其包括主活塞杆(1)、阻尼器缸体(2)、剪切增稠液(3)、副活塞(5)、主活塞(6)和壁环，其特征在于，所述阻尼器缸体(2)的内部滑动设置有主活塞杆(1)，所述主活塞杆(1)的中部套设有副活塞(5)，所述副活塞(5)的两侧对称设置有主活塞(6)，两个所述主活塞(6)均固定套设在主活塞杆(1)上，所述副活塞(5)的两端均通过副活塞杆(4)与主活塞(6)固定相连，所述阻尼器缸体(2)的内部两端均设置有璧环，所述阻尼器缸体(2)的内腔中还充满剪切增稠液(3)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器，其特征在于，所述主活塞杆(1)沿着阻尼器缸体(2)的轴向滑动设置，且所述主活塞杆(1)的两端均伸出所述阻尼器缸体(2)，所述阻尼器缸体(2)的内部两端均固定设置有密封圈(7)，所述密封圈(7)套设在主活塞杆(1)的外圆周上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器，其特征在于，所述主活塞(6)和副活塞(5)均为环状柱体，且所述主活塞(6)的外圆周直径和副活塞(5)的外圆周直径均小于阻尼器缸体(2)的内腔直径，所述副活塞(5)的内圆周直径大于所述主活塞杆(1)的直径。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器，其特征在于，所述壁环包括壁环A(8)、壁环B(9)和壁环C(10)，且所述壁环A(8)的壁厚大于壁环B(9)的壁厚，所述壁环B(9)的壁厚大于壁环C(10)的壁厚，所述壁环A(8)、壁环B(9)和壁环C(10)均通过焊缝与阻尼器缸体(2)连接，且从靠近副活塞(5)到远离副活塞(5)依次排列为壁环C(10)、壁环B(9)和壁环A(8)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于STF的多活塞变内径阻尼器，其特征在于，所述副活塞(5)的两端均通过四个副活塞杆(4)与主活塞(6)固定焊接，且四个所述副活塞杆(4)为绕着主活塞杆(1)在同一圆周上等角度设置。
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