CN110453498A - 一种耐磨淀粉浆液 - Google Patents

一种耐磨淀粉浆液 Download PDF

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CN110453498A
CN110453498A CN201910724293.0A CN201910724293A CN110453498A CN 110453498 A CN110453498 A CN 110453498A CN 201910724293 A CN201910724293 A CN 201910724293A CN 110453498 A CN110453498 A CN 110453498A
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wear
wax
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farinaceous size
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戴馨
戴声智
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Polymer Science And Technology Co Ltd Of Wuhan Mob Source
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐磨淀粉浆液，将下列原料按照如下重量配比混合：3份脂质物与淀粉50‑500份，0.01‑3份乳化脂质物，0.001‑3份耐磨材料，在70℃‑130℃下使淀粉充分糊化后保温0.1‑2小时。本发明的耐磨浆液所上浆的浆纱在纯棉上相对其它耐磨浆液的浆纱，耐磨差均大于30％，因此在浆料的配方中可大量减少价格高对环境有污染耐磨性好的PVA用量，同时该耐磨浆液中的棕榈蜡和硬化油在用量在低于‑5；淀粉相结合时的饱和包合配合时不需乳化，所以成本比普通乳化蜡片的成本低。

Description

一种耐磨淀粉浆液
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织浆料技术领域，尤其涉及一种耐磨淀粉浆液。
背景技术
现有用于纺织浆料领域的耐磨浆液一般有四种：
一是采用纳米级的氧化硅、氧化铝或者是氧化钛，可直接作为耐磨剂应用在浆料中，这种是直接使用纳米材料，不经过反应处理，但其制成浆膜耐磨性不是很好。
其二是将纳米级的氧化物(硅、铝、钛等)与偶联剂反应(如3.3.3三氟丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷)制成水溶性的耐磨剂。该产品多为乳状物，其缺点是在应用时煮浆过程中会与其他组分发生反应，这种随机性的反应易造成该耐磨剂应用性能的不稳定性和局限性。同时没被反应完全的偶联剂中的基团也可能会与纱线起反应而造成退浆不净，这种是将纳米材料的成份与偶联剂反应，虽然也是水溶性的，但偶联剂不稳定，产品应用时也不稳定，有局限性。
其三是将纳米氧化物与高分子材料进行物理共混或者高分子材料进行反应。这种产品本身成本偏高，同时应用时一般用量大才能达到耐磨效果。
其四是脂质物或者乳化剂，或者全乳化脂质物或半乳化脂质物后两种为市面上应用很普遍的蜡片应用在浆料中制成耐磨浆液，另外也有将上面四种配合起来用的，从耐磨学的机理上讲，耐磨材料与粘着材料(高分子材料)的亲和力(互溶性)越好，所成涂膜越耐磨，同时这种耐磨材料本身又带有润滑成份，减少了摩擦系数，所以会更耐磨。从耐磨学的机理上讲，如果耐磨材料和粘着材料互溶性非常好，耐磨性就相应较高，比如分子结构相似；且都是溶于水或分散于水。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点，而提出的一种耐磨淀粉浆液。
本发明提出的一种耐磨淀粉浆液，将下列原料按照如下重量配比混合：3份脂质物与淀粉50-500份，0.001-3份乳化脂质物，0.001-3份耐磨材料，在70℃-130℃下使淀粉充分糊化后保温0.1-2小时。
优选地，上述各种原料的配比一是：将3kg棕榈蜡与100kg玉米淀粉和适量的水，煮浆配制10％浓度的浆液，充分糊化后保温0.5-1小时。
优选地，上述各种原料的配比二是：将3kg棕榈蜡与100kg玉米淀粉，再加入1kg乳化棕榈蜡，适量的水煮浆配制10％浓度的浆液充分糊化后保温0.5-1小时。
优选地，上述各种原料的配比三是：将3kg棕榈蜡，1kg乳化棕榈蜡，3kg水性耐磨剂和100kg玉米淀粉，适量的水煮浆配制成10％浓度的浆液，混匀后，在不但搅拌下使淀粉充分糊化保温0.5-1小时。
优选地，所述的耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，所述脂质物的成分为棕榈蜡，硬化油，氧化聚乙烯蜡，聚乙烯蜡，石蜡，合成蜡，维精蜡，且脂质物为以上其中一种或者是一种以上，以及二种以上的混合物。
优选地，所述乳化脂质物的成分为乳化棕榈蜡乳化硬化油，乳化石蜡，乳化维精蜡，乳化合成蜡，乳化聚乙烯蜡，且乳化脂质物为以上其中一种或者是一种以上，以及二种以上的混合物。
优选地，所述淀粉的成分为玉米淀粉，小麦淀粉，木暑淀粉，马铃薯淀粉，直链淀粉，以及相应的变性淀粉，且淀粉为以上其中一种或者是一种以上，以及二种以上的混合物。
优选地，所述的耐磨材料为纳米材料，纳米材料与高分子材料的结合物以及该结合物与润滑剂相结合的产物，或者是纳米材料与润滑剂的结合物。
优选地，所述纳米材料为硅溶胶、铝溶胶、氧化铝和氧化硅的混合体，氧化钛，且高分子材料为聚醋酸乙烯乳液、水溶性聚酯、丙烯类，所述润滑剂为硬酯酸、硬酯酸纳、棕榈蜡、硬化油、氧化聚乙烯蜡、聚乙烯蜡、石蜡、合成蜡、维精蜡以及相应的乳化蜡。
本发明的有益效果为：
1、通过实验例数据可知；对短纤而言，在临界上浆率的条件下，当耐磨差百分比相差10％时，织造效率就会有明显变化，当耐磨差百分比相差30％时，浆纱会起球，无法织造，从表1可知本发明的耐磨浆液所上浆的浆纱在纯棉上相对其它耐磨浆液的浆纱，耐磨差均大于30％，因此在浆料的配方中可大量减少价格高对环境有污染耐磨性好的PVA用量，同时该耐磨浆液中的棕榈蜡和硬化油在用量低于饱和包合配合物时不需乳化，所以成本比普通乳化蜡片的成本低。
附图说明
图1为实施例1提出的一种耐磨淀粉浆液的原料配比一组份图；
图2为实施例2提出的一种耐磨淀粉浆液的原料配比二组份图；
图3为实施例3提出的一种耐磨淀粉浆液的原料配比三组份图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
下面详细描述本专利的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本专利，而不能理解为对本专利的限制。
在本专利的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本专利和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本专利的限制。
在本专利的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“设置”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定相连、设置，也可以是可拆卸连接、设置，或一体地连接、设置。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本专利中的具体含义。
参照图1，一种耐磨淀粉浆液，包括3份脂质物与淀粉50-500份，0.01-3份乳化脂质物，0.01-3份耐磨材料，在70℃-130℃下使淀粉充分糊化后保温0.1-2小时。
本发明中，所述的耐磨淀粉浆液，脂质物的成分为棕榈蜡，硬化油，氧化聚乙烯蜡，聚乙烯蜡，不蜡，合成蜡，维精蜡，且脂质物为以上其中一种或者是一种以上，以及二种以上的混合物，乳化脂质物的成分为乳化棕榈蜡乳化硬化油，乳化石蜡，乳化维精蜡，乳化合成蜡，乳化聚乙烯蜡，且乳化脂质物为以上其中一种或者是一种以上，以及二种以上的混合物，淀粉的成分为玉米淀粉，小麦淀粉，木暑淀粉，马铃薯淀粉，直链淀粉，以及相应的变性淀粉，且淀粉为以上其中一种或者是一种以上，以及二种以上的混合物，耐磨材料为纳米材料，纳米材料与高分子材料的结合物以及该结合物与润滑剂相结合的产物，或者是纳米材料与润滑剂的结合物。纳米材料为硅溶胶、铝溶胶、氧化铝和氧化硅的混合体，氧化钛，且高分子材料为聚醋酸乙烯乳液、水溶性聚酯、丙烯类，润滑剂为硬酯酸、硬酯酸纳、棕榈蜡、硬化油、氧化聚乙烯蜡、聚乙烯蜡、石蜡、合成蜡、维精蜡以及相应的乳化蜡。
实施例一
一种耐磨淀粉浆液，包括以下重量份的各物质：将3kg棕榈蜡(该3kg为100kg玉米淀粉的饱和包含配合浓度)与100kg玉米淀粉和适量的水，煮浆配制10％浓度的浆液，充分糊化后保温0.5-1小时。
实施例二
一种耐磨淀粉浆液，包括以下重量份的各物质：将3kg棕榈蜡与100kg玉米淀粉，再加入1kg乳化棕榈蜡，适量的水煮浆配制10％浓度的浆液充分糊化后保温0.5-1小时。
实施例三
一种耐磨淀粉浆液，包括以下重量份的各物质：将3kg棕榈蜡，1kg乳化棕榈蜡，3kg水性耐磨剂和100kg玉米淀粉，适量的水煮浆配制成10％浓度的浆液，混匀后，在不但搅拌下使淀粉充分糊化保温0.5-1小时。
实验例1
本实验例针对实施例1和实施例2以及实施例3所得的棕榈蜡—淀粉浆液与现有的普通蜡—淀粉和普通蜡与纳米材料—淀粉以及现有的耐磨剂进行性能对比分析。
纺织用上浆液配方为：
40支纯棉精梳纱：淀粉100％，含固量10％，上浆率12％；
45支涤棉(63/35)精梳纱：淀粉100％，含固量10％，上浆率12％；
其中，淀粉浆液分别进行编号：
1、空白组，只有淀粉；
2、实施例1加3kg棕榈蜡；
3、实施例2加3kg棕榈蜡再加1kg乳化棕榈蜡；
4、棕榈蜡3kg、乳化硬化油1kg；
5、普通乳化蜡4kg；
6、普通耐磨剂3kg普通乳化腊4kg；
7、实施例3、
8、85kg淀粉，15kgPVA普通乳化蜡3kg。
进行浆纱耐磨次数对比实验，上浆方法采用单纱上浆仪，并采用单纱耐磨仪进行检测，检测湿度70％左右，温度20-30度，单纱张力以原纱耐磨次数为1-2次为准。测试过程中单纱耐磨仪的速度为120n/min，每组纱为8根，去掉最高和最低值，取其平均值。
具体结果见表1.
表1 耐磨次数单纱上浆测试结果
对短纤而言，在临界上浆率的条件下，当耐磨差百分比相差10％时，织造效率就会有明显变化，当耐磨差百分比相差30％时，浆纱会起球，无法织造，从表1可知本发明的耐磨浆液所上浆的浆纱在纯棉涤棉上都高于其它耐磨浆液的浆纱，其中实施例三即表中的7耐磨差大于相对应的第6序号30％以上，因此在浆料的配方中可大量减少价格高对环境有污染耐磨性好的PVA用量，同时该耐磨浆液中的棕榈蜡和硬化油在用量低于饱和包合配合物时不需乳化，所以成本比普通乳化蜡片的成本低。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，将下列原料按照如下重量配比混合：3份脂质物与淀粉50-500份，0.01-3份乳化脂质物，0.001-3份耐磨材料，在70℃-130℃下使淀粉充分糊化后保温0.1-2小时。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，上述各种原料的配比一是：3kg棕榈蜡与100kg玉米淀粉和适量的水，煮浆配制10％浓度的浆液，充分糊化后保温0.5-1小时。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，上述各种原料的配比二是：将3kg棕榈蜡与100kg玉米淀粉，再加入1kg乳化棕榈蜡，适量的水煮浆配制10％浓度的浆液充分糊化后保温0.5-1小时。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，上述各种原料的配比三是：将3kg棕榈蜡，1kg乳化棕榈蜡，3kg水性耐磨剂和100kg玉米淀粉，适量的水煮浆配制成10％浓度的浆液，混匀后，在不但搅拌下使淀粉充分糊化保温0.5-1小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，所述的耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，所述脂质物的成分为棕榈蜡，硬化油，氧化聚乙烯蜡，聚乙烯蜡，石蜡，合成蜡，维精蜡，且脂质物为以上其中一种或者是一种以上，以及二种以上的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，所述乳化脂质物的成分为乳化棕榈蜡乳化硬化油，乳化石蜡，乳化维精蜡，乳化合成蜡，乳化聚乙烯蜡，且乳化脂质物为以上其中一种或者是一种以上，以及二种以上的混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，所述淀粉的成分为玉米淀粉，小麦淀粉，木暑淀粉，马铃薯淀粉，直链淀粉，以及相应的变性淀粉，且淀粉为以上其中一种或者是一种以上，以及二种以上的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，所述的耐磨材料为纳米材料，纳米材料与高分子材料的结合物以及该结合物与润滑剂相结合的产物，或者是纳米材料与润滑剂的结合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种耐磨淀粉浆液，其特征在于，所述纳米材料为硅溶胶、铝溶胶、氧化铝和氧化硅的混合体，氧化钛，且高分子材料为聚醋酸乙烯乳液、水溶性聚酯、丙烯类，所述润滑剂为硬酯酸、硬酯酸纳、棕榈蜡、硬化油、氧化聚乙烯蜡、聚乙烯蜡、石蜡、合成蜡、维精蜡以及相应的乳化蜡。
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CN115387118A (zh) * 2022-09-16 2022-11-25 卫星化学股份有限公司 一种有机磷改性的丙烯酸浆料及其制备方法和应用

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