CN110453124A - Stanniferous magnesium alloy and its preparation and processing method - Google Patents
Stanniferous magnesium alloy and its preparation and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of stanniferous magnesium alloy and its preparation and processing methods, belong to industrial magnesium alloy scope.The stanniferous magnesium alloy, according to mass percent meter, consisting of: Sn:5~12%, Al:0.5~3.5%, Zn:0.3~1.5%, Ti:0.3~2.5%, Cu:0.3~3.2%, remaining is Mg.It is obtained by stock, raw material preheating, alloy melting, casting, Homogenization Treatments, subsequent redeformation, ageing treatment and air-cooled and etc. preparation processing.Stanniferous magnesium alloy of the invention has high-temperature stability and higher through hardening ability, while at low cost.In addition, the capacity of heat transmission of the alloy is preferable, improve the poor disadvantage of traditional heat resistance magnesium alloy heating conduction, the further expansion application field of magnesium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stanniferous magnesium alloy and its preparation and processing methods, belong to industrial magnesium alloy scope.
Background technique
Magnesium alloy is a kind of high specific strength, high modulus-to-weight material, is concentrated mainly on its knot about the research of magnesium alloy at present
In structure characteristic, it is expected to that part aluminium alloy is replaced to be applied.With the continuous development that aerospace weapon is equipped, to structure function
The demand of integrated material is continuously increased, and high-strength light magnesium alloy is gradually used, although magnesium alloy has many merits,
Be its heat resistance it is poor be to limit one of an important factor for it is further applied, therefore, how to improve alloy heat-resistant quality is
The significant concern point of Magnesium Alloy Development.It is realized according to report it is found that improving magnesium alloy heat resistance and mainly passing through two aspects, one
Aspect is to show to increase shielded layer in magnesium alloy, and typically have micro-arc oxidation or plasma plating method, its essence is barrier heat
Amount and alloy, and then the heat resistance of alloy is improved, the disadvantage of these methods is excessively to rely on the film knot of alloy surface
Structure just cannot achieve defencive function once membrane structure ruptures, and have certain limitation；On the other hand, exactly pass through conjunction
The method of aurification adds a certain proportion of element-specific in the alloy, forms the hardening constituent with high temperature stability properties, Jin Erti
The heat resistance of high magnesium alloy, the magnesium alloy after alloying apply more just due to inherently having heat resistant feature
Victory, so the direction is to study the main trend of heat resistance magnesium alloy, however how to select suitable alloy element, it is current
Major Difficulties.Typical to have the alloy element for improving heat resistance include alkaline earth element and rare earth element, alkaline earth element
Addition generally directed to AZ alloy, belong to cheap metal inexpensively, general additive amount is very limited, be only applicable to vehicle enterprise etc. at
A possibility that this requires very strict industry, and this kind of alloy further expansion is applied is very low, main cause be exactly to be formed it is strong
It is more hard crisp to change phase, the effect of heat treatment reinforcement cannot be played.Rare earth element is considered as a kind of alloy most potential at present
Change element, being typically include the high solid solubility element and La, Ce etc. with heat treatment reinforcement ability such as Gd, Y has low solid solution
Degree but the element that can form high-temperature stable phase, have developed the trade mark of the dozens of about magnesium-rare earth both at home and abroad at present,
The range range of application is also that other type magnesium alloys cannot compare, however, the rare characteristic of rare earth directly results in alloy
Cost increases substantially, can the field that uses of scale be also only limitted to national defence, the popularization and application of extensive multi-quantity are also not
Reality.Therefore, for above-mentioned phenomenon, urgent need will develop a kind of advantage of lower cost, while there is the magnesium of excellent heat-resistant quality to close
Gold.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to develop a kind of stanniferous magnesium alloy, and cost is relatively low for the stanniferous magnesium alloy, is had simultaneously
There is excellent heat-resistant quality.The present invention has the characteristics that high solid solubility using tin in magnesium, while can be formed has heat temperature steady
Qualitative high hardening constituent, under the premise of cost is relatively controllable, the final architectural characteristic for realizing alloy high-strength temperature-resistant.
A kind of stanniferous magnesium alloy, according to mass percent meter, specifically at being grouped as are as follows: Sn:5~12%, Al:0.5~
3.5%, Zn:0.3~1.5%, Ti:0.3~2.5%, Cu:0.3~3.2%, remaining is Mg.Alloying element is according to quality hundred
Ratio is divided to be added.
In stanniferous magnesium alloy, the content of Sn is preferably 5~10%, and more preferably 6~9%, most preferably 7~9%；Al's
Content is preferably 1.0~3.0%, and more preferably 1.0~2.5%, most preferably 1.5~2.0%；The content of Zn is preferably 0.5
~1.5%, more preferably 1.0~1.5%；The content of Ti is preferably 0.5~2.0%, and more preferably 0.5~1.5%, most preferably
It is 0.5~1.0%；The content of Cu is preferably 0.3~3.0%, and more preferably 0.3~2.0%, most preferably 0.5~1.5%.
Preferably, in stanniferous magnesium alloy, it be 1.0~3.0%, Zn is 0.5~1.5%, Ti 0.5 that Sn, which is 5~10%, Al,
~2.0%, Cu are 0.3~3.0%, remaining is Mg.
It is furthermore preferred that in stanniferous magnesium alloy, it be 1.0~2.5%, Zn is that 1.0~1.5%, Ti is that Sn, which is 6~9%, Al,
0.5~1.5%, Cu are 0.3~2.0%, remaining is Mg.
Most preferably, in stanniferous magnesium alloy, it be 1.5~2.0%, Zn is that 1.0~1.5%, Ti is that Sn, which is 7~9%, Al,
0.5~1.0%, Cu are 0.5~1.5%, remaining is Mg.
Sn: advantage of lower cost, in the magnesium alloy have biggish solid solubility, with temperature decline its solid solubility it is significant under
One of drop, therefore can be used as the important alternative elements of heat treatment reinforcement, in addition, the eutectic temperature of Mg-Sn alloy is also relatively high, surpass
The eutectic temperature for crossing general rare earth and magnesium reaches 561 DEG C, illustrates Mg2Sn phase has very high heat-resistant quality.The content of Sn is selected
When being selected as 5~12%, within limit solid solubility, and heat treatment reinforcement can be carried out.
Al: advantage of lower cost can improve the curdled appearance of eutectic structure, improve the plasticity and toughness of alloy.Al content choosing
When being selected as 0.5~3.5%, within limit solid solubility, alloy is can be improved in formation Mg-Al low melting point phase that will not be excessive
Plasticity and intensity.
Zn: forming MgZnCu phase in conjunction with Cu element, and thermally conductive, the electric conductivity of alloy can be improved.The choosing of Zn and Cu ingredient
Selecting is selected according to Solidification Microstructure, and excessive content will cause significant component segregation, very few, and increase is not achieved and closes
The ability of golden conductive and heat-conductive.
Ti: forming increasingly complex quaternary phase with Zn, Mg and Cu, this can mutually further suppress crystal grain ruler during solid solution
Very little grows up.Ti content is selected as 0.3~2.5%, it is contemplated that solid solubility of the Ti element in magnesium is extremely low, phase formation efficiency compared with
Height, while the impact effect to crystallite dimension is taken into account again.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the preparations and processing method of above-mentioned stanniferous magnesium alloy.
A kind of preparation and processing method of stanniferous magnesium alloy, include the following steps:
(1) it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti with Mg-10Ti among
Alloy form addition, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot；
(2) magnesium and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheated, makes surface without steam；The preheating temperature of magnesium is 150 DEG C -250 DEG C,
Continue 15~30min；The preheating temperature of Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are 200~220 DEG C, 10~30min of preheating time；
(3) carry out alloy melting in the smelting furnace of preheating, first by account for gross mass 40~60% it is preheated after magnesium put
Enter in smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to that magnesium is added, until the magnesium of residue 10%, whole
A process temperature control keeps 3min-5min under this state, stirs and exclude dross, protective gas between 680 DEG C -750 DEG C
For the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, the two volume ratio is 20:1；The preheating temperature of smelting furnace is 300~500
℃
(4) Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, Mg-10Ti alloy is eventually adding, increases
Melt temperature simultaneously controls between 750~800 DEG C, is stirred continuously melt and skimming operation；
(5) remaining 10% magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing, melt are carried out to melt
Final temperature control between 650~700 DEG C, then cast, obtain ingot casting；
(6) when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 500~550 DEG C, Homogenization Treatments are carried out:
1) ingot diameters size is within 300mm, then carries out Homogenization Treatments in Muffle furnace, temperature control 500~
Between 550 DEG C, homogenization time is between 8~72h；
2) ingot diameters are greater than 300mm, then are plastically deformed under the conditions of ingot casting temperature, including forge and/or squeeze,
Material final temperature is not less than 500 DEG C；When final deformation is forging and molding, Homogenization Treatments are directly carried out, at 500~550 DEG C
Under the conditions of kept the temperature, the time be 6~36h；When final deformation is extrusion molding, resolved into after being first cooled to room temperature (25 DEG C)
Then section carries out Homogenization Treatments again, Homogenization Treatments temperature is 500~550 DEG C, and soaking time is 6~36h；
(7) alloy after Homogenization Treatments carries out subsequent redeformation, and redeformation includes one of forging, extruding and rolling
Or several combinations, temperature control at 500 DEG C or more, be then quickly cooled down, the type of cooling be water cooling and air cooling one of or
Person's multiple combinations；
(8) to deformed alloy carry out ageing treatment, aging temp be 120~230 DEG C, soaking time be 10~
100h can be single-stage aging or multistage aging, and multistage aging gradient difference is no less than 50 DEG C, air-cooled after timeliness.
The invention has the advantages that the present invention is that have the characteristics that larger solid solubility in magnesium according to Sn, by further add Al,
The alloying elements such as Zn, Cu obtain a kind of novel magnesium alloy with high-temperature stability and higher through hardening ability.Due in alloy
Not expensive rare earth metal, therefore having well can promotion potential.In addition, due to being added to Cu and Zn member in the alloy
Element can form MgZnCu phase, and the capacity of heat transmission of alloy mutually can be improved in this, improve traditional heat resistance magnesium alloy heating conduction compared with
The disadvantage of difference, the further expansion application field of magnesium alloy.
Specific embodiment
The preparation processing method of the stanniferous magnesium alloy of the present invention, including stock, raw material preheating, alloy melting, casting, homogenization
Processing, subsequent redeformation, ageing treatment and air-cooled and etc..
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot；.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 150 DEG C -250 DEG C, continues 15~30min, guarantees that magnesium ingot surface is anhydrous
Vapour；In addition Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 200~220 DEG C, 10~30min of preheating time, equally guarantee surface
Without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up, preheating temperature is 300-500 DEG C.Total amount will be accounted for about first
40~60% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to
Magnesium ingot is added, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% does not add, and temperature is controlled this state between 680 DEG C -750 DEG C by whole process
Lower holding 3min-5min, stirs and excludes dross, and protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, the two body
Product ratio is about 20:1.
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
And constantly increase melt temperature and control between 750~800 DEG C, it is stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, remaining 10% pure magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melted
The final temperature of body controls between 650~700 DEG C, then casts, and obtains ingot casting.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 500~550 DEG C, is handled as follows:
If a) ingot diameters size is within 300mm, moves it to and carry out Homogenization Treatments, Muffle furnace in Muffle furnace
Temperature controls between 500~550 DEG C, and homogenization time is between 8~72h.
If b) ingot diameters are greater than 300mm, it is plastically deformed under the conditions of ingot casting temperature, including forge and squeeze
Pressure, the two can be combined, but must assure that material final temperature not less than 500 DEG C.It, can if being finally forging and molding
Homogenization Treatments are directly carried out, i.e., are kept the temperature deformed material under the conditions of 500~550 DEG C, the time is 6~36h；Such as
Fruit is finally extrusion molding, resolves into section after needing cooling, then carries out Homogenization Treatments again, i.e., be cooled to squeeze wood
Then room temperature is sawed into section, kept the temperature under the conditions of being then warming up to 500~550 DEG C again, and the time is 6~36h.
7, subsequent redeformation can directly be carried out for the alloy after homogenization, specifically includes forging, extruding or rolling
One of or several combinations, temperature control at 500 DEG C or more, be then quickly cooled down, the type of cooling concretely water cooling or
One or more of person's air cooling combination.
8, ageing treatment is carried out to deformed alloy, specially 120~230 DEG C, keeps the temperature 10~100h, can be single-stage
Timeliness, or multistage aging, multistage aging gradient difference are no less than 50 DEG C.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 1
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 1, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 1
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 150 DEG C, continues 15min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 200 DEG C, preheating time 10min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace (preheating temperature is 350 DEG C) having been warmed up.Total weight will be accounted for about first
60%, the pure magnesium ingot after preheated is put into smelting furnace, is completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, is then proceeded to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 680 DEG C, keeps 3min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
And constantly increase melt temperature and control at 750 DEG C, it is stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, the pure magnesium of residue 10% is added in melt, cooling processing, melt is carried out to melt while being sufficiently stirred
Final temperature control at 650 DEG C, then carry out casting obtain ingot casting, ingot diameters 350mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 550 DEG C, is handled as follows:
It is forged under the conditions of ingot casting temperature, guarantees that material final temperature is not less than 500 DEG C.After forging and molding, directly
Material is subjected to Homogenization Treatments, soaking time 36h at 500 DEG C；
7, the alloy after homogenization is directly squeezed and deformed, squeezes temperature and controls at 500 DEG C, quick water after extruding
It is cold.
8, ageing treatment is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 120 DEG C, keeps the temperature 100h.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 2
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 2, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 2
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 150 DEG C, continues 20min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 200 DEG C, preheating time 15min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up (preheating temperature is 400 DEG C).Total amount will be accounted for about first
60% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 680 DEG C, keeps 5min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
It constantly increases melt temperature and controls at 750 DEG C, be stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, remaining 10% pure magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melted
The final temperature of body is controlled at 650 DEG C, is then carried out casting and is obtained ingot casting, ingot diameters are having a size of 250mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 550 DEG C, is handled as follows:
Ingot casting is moved to and carries out Homogenization Treatments in Muffle furnace, muffle furnace control is in 550 DEG C, homogenization time
10h。
7, the alloy after homogenization is directly squeezed and deformed, temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, is then quickly cooled down, cold
But mode is water cooling.
8, ageing treatment is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 80h.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 3
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 3, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 3
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 200 DEG C, continues 20min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 200 DEG C, preheating time 15min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up (preheating temperature is 400 DEG C).Total amount will be accounted for about first
60% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 700 DEG C, keeps 5min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
It constantly increases melt temperature and controls at 780 DEG C, be stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, remaining 10% pure magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melted
The final temperature of body is controlled at 650 DEG C, is then carried out casting and is obtained ingot casting, ingot diameters are having a size of 300mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 550 DEG C, is handled as follows:
Ingot casting is moved to and carries out Homogenization Treatments in Muffle furnace, muffle furnace control is in 550 DEG C, homogenization time
20h。
7, the alloy after homogenization is directly squeezed and deformed, temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, is then quickly cooled down, cooling
Mode is water cooling.
8, two-stage time effect processing is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 120 DEG C, keeps the temperature 50h, then rises to 200
DEG C, heat preservation 10h.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 4
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 4, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 4
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 150 DEG C, continues 30min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 220 DEG C, preheating time 10min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up (preheating temperature is 450 DEG C).Total amount will be accounted for about first
50% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 700 DEG C, keeps 4min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
It constantly increases melt temperature and controls at 780 DEG C, be stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, the pure magnesium of residue 10% is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing, melt are carried out to melt
Final temperature control at 660 DEG C, then carry out casting obtain ingot casting, ingot diameters are having a size of 450mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 530 DEG C, is handled as follows:
It is forged at 500 DEG C, guarantees that the final temperature of material is not less than 500 DEG C in forging process.Then directly into
Row Homogenization Treatments keep the temperature the material after forging, soaking time 32h at 530 DEG C.
7, rolling deformation is directly carried out for the alloy after homogenization, temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, is then quickly cooled down, cold
But mode is water cooling.
8, two-stage time effect processing is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 120 DEG C, keeps the temperature 60h, then raises temperature to
220 DEG C, heat preservation 15h.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 5
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 5, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 5
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 220 DEG C, continues 30min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 220 DEG C, preheating time 30min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up (preheating temperature is 500 DEG C).Total amount will be accounted for about first
50% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 700 DEG C, keeps 5min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
It constantly increases melt temperature and controls at 760 DEG C, be stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, remaining 10% pure magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melted
The final temperature of body is controlled at 680 DEG C, is then carried out casting and is obtained ingot casting, ingot diameters are having a size of 400mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 530 DEG C, is handled as follows:
It is forged under the conditions of ingot casting temperature, guarantees that material final temperature is not less than 500 DEG C.After forging and molding, directly
Homogenization Treatments are carried out, i.e., are kept the temperature the material after forging at 500 DEG C, soaking time 30h.
7, the alloy after homogenization is directly squeezed and deformed, temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, is then quickly cooled down, cold
But mode is air cooling+water cooling.
8, two-stage time effect processing is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 130 DEG C, keeps the temperature 60h, then raises temperature to
220 DEG C, heat preservation 10h.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 6
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 6, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 6
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 250 DEG C, continues 15min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 220 DEG C, preheating time 10min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up (preheating temperature is 380 DEG C).Total amount will be accounted for about first
50% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 720 DEG C, keeps 4min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
It constantly increases melt temperature and controls at 780 DEG C, be stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, remaining 10% pure magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melted
The final temperature of body is controlled at 680 DEG C, is then carried out casting and is obtained ingot casting, cast ingot dimension 350mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 520 DEG C, is handled as follows:
It is forged under the conditions of ingot casting temperature, guarantees that material final temperature is not less than 500 DEG C.After forging, directly carry out
Homogenization Treatments keep the temperature deformed material, soaking time 32h under the conditions of 550 DEG C.
7, rolling deformation is directly carried out for the alloy after homogenization, rolling temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, then fast quickly cooling
But, the type of cooling is water cooling.
8, ageing treatment is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 230 DEG C, keeps the temperature 20h.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 7
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 7, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 7
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 200 DEG C, continues 20min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 220 DEG C, preheating time 10min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up (preheating temperature is 420 DEG C).Total amount will be accounted for about first
50% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 720 DEG C, keeps 3min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
It constantly increases melt temperature and controls at 800 DEG C, be stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, remaining 10% pure magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melted
The final temperature of body is controlled at 700 DEG C, is then carried out casting and is obtained ingot casting, ingot diameters are having a size of 300mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 550 DEG C, is handled as follows:
Ingot casting is moved to and carries out Homogenization Treatments in Muffle furnace, muffle furnace control is in 500 DEG C, homogenization time
48h。
7, the alloy after homogenization being carried out forging+squeezing redeformation, temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, is then quickly cooled down,
The type of cooling is air cooling+water cooling.
8, multistage aging processing is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 120 DEG C, keeps the temperature 40h, then raises temperature to
180 DEG C, heat preservation 20h are finally warming up to 230 DEG C, heat preservation 10h.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 8
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 8, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 8
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 220 DEG C, continues 20min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 220 DEG C, preheating time 10min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up (preheating temperature is 420 DEG C).Total amount will be accounted for about first
40% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 750 DEG C, keeps 3min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
It constantly increases melt temperature and controls at 800 DEG C, be stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, remaining 10% pure magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melted
The final temperature of body is controlled at 700 DEG C, is then carried out casting and is obtained ingot casting, ingot diameters are having a size of 200mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 520 DEG C, is handled as follows:
Ingot casting is moved to and carries out Homogenization Treatments in Muffle furnace, muffle furnace control is in 520 DEG C, homogenization time
48h。
7, rolling deformation is directly carried out for the alloy after homogenization, temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, is then quickly cooled down, cold
But mode is water cooling.
8, two-stage time effect processing is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 60h, then raises temperature to
220 DEG C, heat preservation 20h.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 9
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 9, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 9
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 220 DEG C, continues 20min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 220 DEG C, preheating time 20min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up (preheating temperature is 480 DEG C).Total amount will be accounted for about first
40% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 720 DEG C, keeps 5min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
It constantly increases melt temperature and controls at 750 DEG C, be stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, remaining 10% pure magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melted
The final temperature of body is controlled at 650 DEG C, is then carried out casting and is obtained ingot casting, ingot diameters are having a size of 400mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 550 DEG C, is handled as follows:
It is squeezed and deformed under the conditions of ingot casting temperature, guarantees the final temperature of material not less than 500 DEG C.Extrusion molding
Afterwards, it cools down and resolves into section, then carry out Homogenization Treatments again, i.e., be cooled to room temperature squeeze wood, be then sawed into section, so
It is warming up to 500 DEG C again afterwards to be kept the temperature, time 36h.
7, rolling deformation is directly carried out for the alloy after homogenization, temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, is then quickly cooled down, cold
But mode is air cooling+water cooling.
8, ageing treatment is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 230 DEG C, keeps the temperature 10h.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
Embodiment 10
The specific ingredient of stanniferous magnesium alloy such as table 10, alloying element is added according to mass percent.
Table 10
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
1, it stocks up by the weight percent of magnesium alloy ingredient of the present invention；Wherein, Ti is among Mg-10Ti
Alloy is added, and Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are added with form of pure metal, and remaining Mg is added in the form of pure magnesium ingot.
2, in preheating furnace, pure magnesium ingot is preheating to 180 DEG C, continues 25min, guarantees magnesium ingot surface without steam；In addition will
Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheating to 200 DEG C, preheating time 25min, same to guarantee surface without steam；
3, alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace having been warmed up (preheating temperature is 410 DEG C).Total amount will be accounted for about first
40% it is preheated after pure magnesium ingot be put into smelting furnace, be completely melt it under the protection of protective gas, then proceed to be added
Magnesium ingot, the pure magnesium for finally retaining 10% do not add, and whole process controls temperature at 700 DEG C, keeps 4min under this state, stir
And dross is excluded, protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, and the two volume ratio is 20:1；
4, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu element are sequentially added, after other elements all dissolution, is eventually adding Mg-10Ti alloy,
It constantly increases melt temperature and controls at 780 DEG C, be stirred continuously melt and skimming operation.
5, remaining 10% pure magnesium is added in melt, and be sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melted
The final temperature of body is controlled at 680 DEG C, is then carried out casting and is obtained ingot casting, ingot diameters are having a size of 350mm.
6, it when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 550 DEG C, is handled as follows:
It carries out forging+being squeezed and deformed under the conditions of ingot casting temperature, guarantees that material final temperature is not less than 500 DEG C.It is squeezed into
After shape, cooling simultaneously resolves into section, then carries out Homogenization Treatments again, i.e., is cooled to room temperature squeeze wood, is then sawed into section,
Then it is warming up to 550 DEG C again to be kept the temperature, time 12h.
7, rolling deformation can directly be carried out for the alloy after homogenization, temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, then fast quickly cooling
But, the type of cooling is air cooling+water cooling.
8, multistage aging processing is carried out to deformed alloy, aging temp is 120 DEG C, keeps the temperature 40h, then raises temperature to
180 DEG C, heat preservation 20h are finally warming up to 230 DEG C, heat preservation 10h again.It is air-cooled after timeliness.
The performance test results of the stanniferous magnesium alloy of embodiment 1-10 preparation are as shown in table 11.
Table 11
| Embodiment | σb(room temperature)/MPa | σb(200℃)/MPa | σb(250℃)/MPa | σb(300℃)/MPa |
| 1 | 356 | 330 | 285 | 222 |
| 2 | 362 | 335 | 293 | 245 |
| 3 | 383 | 351 | 297 | 252 |
| 4 | 428 | 365 | 302 | 267 |
| 5 | 433 | 368 | 309 | 269 |
| 6 | 458 | 372 | 315 | 276 |
| 7 | 460 | 373 | 317 | 277 |
| 8 | 469 | 382 | 322 | 289 |
| 9 | 473 | 390 | 329 | 292 |
| 10 | 479 | 393 | 331 | 298 |
Wherein, σbRepresent Tensile strength.
From table 11, it can be seen that the tensile strength of embodiment 1-10 material in room temperature is between 356-479MPa, In
The tensile strength of material is between 330-393MPa when temperature is 200 DEG C, and when temperature is 250 DEG C, the tensile strength of material exists
Between 285-331MPa, when temperature is 300 DEG C, the tensile strength of material is between 222-298MPa.
Stanniferous magnesium alloy of the invention has high-temperature stability and higher through hardening ability, while at low cost.In addition, the alloy
The capacity of heat transmission it is preferable, improve the poor disadvantage of traditional heat resistance magnesium alloy heating conduction, answering for magnesium alloy of further expansion
Use field.
In the technical solution of aforementioned present invention, the content of tin, aluminium, zinc, titanium, copper is in restriction model in the alloy compositions
In enclosing can unrestricted choice, will not enumerate herein, therefore included technical solution described above should be regarded as illustrative, Er Feiyong
To limit the protection scope of the present patent application patent.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of stanniferous magnesium alloy, it is characterised in that: according to mass percent meter, consisting of: Sn:5~12%, Al:0.5~
3.5%, Zn:0.3~1.5%, Ti:0.3~2.5%, Cu:0.3~3.2%, remaining is Mg.
2. stanniferous magnesium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the stanniferous magnesium alloy, Sn be 5~
It is 0.5~1.5%, Ti be 0.5~2.0%, Cu is 0.3~3.0% that 10%, Al, which are 1.0~3.0%, Zn, remaining is Mg.
3. stanniferous magnesium alloy according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in the stanniferous magnesium alloy, Sn is 6~9%,
It is 1.0~1.5%, Ti be 0.5~1.5%, Cu is 0.3~2.0% that Al, which is 1.0~2.5%, Zn, remaining is Mg.
4. stanniferous magnesium alloy according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in the stanniferous magnesium alloy, Sn is 7~9%,
It is 1.0~1.5%, Ti be 0.5~1.0%, Cu is 0.5~1.5% that Al, which is 1.5~2.0%, Zn, remaining is Mg.
5. a kind of preparation and processing method of stanniferous magnesium alloy, include the following steps:
(1) it stocks up by the mass percent of stanniferous magnesium alloy of any of claims 1-4；Ti is with Mg-10Ti
The addition of intermediate alloy form, Zn, Al, Sn, Cu and remaining Mg are added with form of pure metal；
(2) Mg and Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are preheated；
(3) alloy melting is carried out in the smelting furnace of preheating, and the Mg for accounting for gross mass 40~60% is put into smelting furnace first, is made
It is completely melt under the protection of protective gas, then proceedes to that Mg is added, until the Mg of residue 10%, the control of whole process temperature
Between 680 DEG C -750 DEG C, 3min-5min is kept, stirs and excludes dross；
(4) Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are sequentially added, after all dissolutions, Mg-10Ti alloy is added, melt temperature is increased and controls
Between 750~800 DEG C, stirring melt and skimming operation；
(5) remaining 10% pure magnesium ingot is added in melt, is sufficiently stirred, while cooling processing is carried out to melt, melt
Final temperature controls between 650~700 DEG C, then casts, and obtains ingot casting；
(6) when ingot casting temperature is reduced to 500~550 DEG C, Homogenization Treatments are carried out；
(7) alloy after homogenizing carries out subsequent redeformation, then cools down；
(8) ageing treatment is carried out to deformed alloy, it is air-cooled after timeliness.
6. the preparation and processing method of stanniferous magnesium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the preheating temperature of Mg is
150 DEG C -250 DEG C, continue 15~30min；The preheating temperature of Mg-10Ti, Zn, Al, Sn and Cu are 200~220 DEG C, preheating time
10~30min.
7. the preparation and processing method of stanniferous magnesium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the smelting furnace
Preheating temperature is 300-500 DEG C, and protective gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and tetrafluoroethane gas, volume ratio 20:1.
8. the preparation and processing method of stanniferous magnesium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the ingot casting temperature
When being reduced to 500~550 DEG C, it is handled as follows:
1) ingot diameters size is within 300mm, carries out Homogenization Treatments in Muffle furnace, temperature control 500~550 DEG C it
Between, homogenization time is between 8~72h；
2) ingot diameters are greater than 300mm, are plastically deformed under the conditions of ingot casting temperature, including forge and/or squeeze, material is most
Finishing temperature is not less than 500 DEG C；When final deformation is forging and molding, Homogenization Treatments are directly carried out, under the conditions of 500~550 DEG C
It is kept the temperature, the time is 6~36h；When final deformation is extrusion molding, is first cooled to room temperature and resolves into section afterwards, then again into
Row Homogenization Treatments, Homogenization Treatments temperature are 500~550 DEG C, and soaking time is 6~36h.
9. the preparation and processing method of stanniferous magnesium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described subsequent to become again
Shape includes one of forging, extruding and rolling or several combinations, and temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C or more；The type of cooling is water cooling
With air cooling one or more of combination.
10. the preparation and processing method of stanniferous magnesium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: at the timeliness
The temperature of reason is 120~230 DEG C, and it is single-stage aging or multistage aging, multistage aging gradient difference is or not soaking time, which is 10~100h,
Less than 50 DEG C.
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| CN116043082A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-05-02 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | High-plasticity heat-resistant soluble magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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