CN108203783B - High-electromagnetic-shielding magnesium-copper composite board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-electromagnetic-shielding magnesium-copper composite board and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108203783B
CN108203783B CN201611175996.5A CN201611175996A CN108203783B CN 108203783 B CN108203783 B CN 108203783B CN 201611175996 A CN201611175996 A CN 201611175996A CN 108203783 B CN108203783 B CN 108203783B
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magnesium
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ingot
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CN108203783A (en
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马鸣龙
张奎
李兴刚
李永军
石国梁
袁家伟
陈东杰
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GRIMN Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/212—Electromagnetic interference shielding

Abstract

The invention relates to a high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of industrial magnesium alloy. The composite board is formed by compounding an Mg-Zn alloy plate and a copper plate, wherein the Mg-Zn alloy plate comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 2.3-6.2%, Mn: 0.2-1.5%, Ni: 1.3-2.5% and the balance of Mg. The alloy is prepared by the steps of alloy smelting, ingot casting homogenization, ingot casting alloy plastic deformation, composite diffusion, pack rolling and subsequent treatment. The alloy of the invention greatly improves the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the alloy, is a breakthrough of magnesium alloy in the forming process, can be subjected to subsequent stamping forming, and provides an excellent material for manufacturing shells of high-end equipment precision devices.

Description

High-electromagnetic-shielding magnesium-copper composite board and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board and a preparation method thereof, wherein the added main alloy elements comprise Zn, Mn, Cu and Ni, and the high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board belongs to the field of industrial magnesium alloy.
Background
The long-term electromagnetic radiation will seriously affect various functions of human body, and the influence of electromagnetic wave on human body is mainly through heat effect and non-heat effect. The influence of the heat effect is mainly generated by the action of polar water molecules in a human body through an alternating electromagnetic field, so that the temperature of the human body is increased, and dizziness, visual deterioration, immunologic function reduction and even death are caused. The non-thermal effect mainly interferes with the inherent electromagnetic field of the human body, and causes nerve disorder, genetic mutation and even abnormal child or pregnant woman abortion. It is reported that electromagnetic energy radiated to the outside by electromagnetic waves increases at a rate of 7% -14% every year, and the electromagnetic radiation and mutual interference seriously affect the health of human bodies and the stable operation of precise instruments so as to threaten the national safety. At present, the most effective method for reducing electromagnetic radiation is to shield electromagnetic waves, i.e. develop electromagnetic shielding materials, the traditional electromagnetic shielding materials are mainly classified into polymer composite materials and magnetic conductive metal materials, but the aging and low strength problems of polymer materials and the high density problem of traditional magnetic conductive metal materials limit the development process of electromagnetic shielding materials. The magnesium alloy has the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific rigidity, excellent damping performance, excellent electromagnetic shielding performance and the like. Are considered to be potential electromagnetic shielding materials. The currently developed electromagnetic shielding material is mainly Mg-Zn alloy, which is mainly because the lattice distortion of Zn atoms in Mg is small, the influence on the scattering ability of electrons is weak, and the alloy has better conductive characteristics, so the alloy is a preferable alloy system of the excellent electromagnetic shielding material. According to the shielding principle, the main mechanisms of the shielding material are divided into three types, specifically, reflection loss at the incident surface, absorption loss inside the shield, and multiple reflection loss between the internal interfaces of the shield. Therefore, when designing the electromagnetic shielding magnesium alloy, the comprehensive application and comprehensive exertion of the above mechanisms need to be considered. With the development of structural and functional integrated materials, the demand for light electromagnetic shielding materials is increased, the number of high-quality shielding devices taking magnesium alloy as a main development object is continuously increased in the future, a novel magnesium alloy system is developed and expanded, the preparation and processing technology is perfected, and the development trend of electromagnetic shielding magnesium alloy in the future is expected to be a period of time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board and a preparation method thereof.
A high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board is formed by compounding an Mg-Zn alloy plate and a copper plate, wherein the Mg-Zn alloy plate comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 2.3-6.2%, Mn: 0.2-1.5%, Ni: 1.3-2.5% and the balance of Mg.
The thickness ratio of the Mg-Zn alloy plate to the copper plate is 5:3 to 200: 3.
The thickness of the high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite plate is 1-15 mm.
A preparation method of a high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) alloy smelting: mixing according to the alloy components of the Mg-Zn alloy plate, wherein Ni is added in the form of Mg-Ni intermediate alloy, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metal;
firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot, metal zinc and manganese to 350-400 ℃ for more than 5 min; then, putting pure magnesium ingots with the weight of 1/2-1/3 into a smelting furnace, simultaneously raising the temperature to 700-750 ℃, adding protective gas at the moment, and after the pure magnesium ingots are completely molten, adding the rest magnesium ingots until the pure magnesium ingots are completely dissolved; sequentially adding preheated metal zinc and manganese into a pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing at the same time, increasing the temperature of the melt to be more than 800 ℃, adding Mg-Ni intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 30-120 minutes, then cooling to 700-720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 620-650 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to be below 500 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final ingot;
(2) homogenizing cast ingots: placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 300-350 ℃, preserving heat for 10-50 h, then continuing to heat to 400-450 ℃, and continuing to preserve heat for 10-50 h;
(3) plastic deformation of the ingot casting alloy: cooling the homogenized ingot to 350-370 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature above 350 ℃, and carrying out intermediate annealing twice until the forging is finished; then putting the plate into a heating furnace, keeping the temperature at 360-400 ℃ for 30-60 min, extruding the plate into a plate with the thickness of 5-20 mm and the width of 100-500 mm, and directly cooling by water;
(4) composite diffusion: carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 0.3-3 mm and the like;
(5) and (3) rolling: directly hot rolling the diffused composite board at the rolling temperature of no less than 350 ℃ to obtain the final size of 1-15 mm, and then cooling the composite board by liquid nitrogen or dry ice on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, wherein the loading strength is 40-80 MPa;
(6) and (3) subsequent treatment: and heating the cooled alloy again to 80-160 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10-50 h, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.
In the step (1), the Mg-Ni intermediate alloy is Mg-10 Ni; preheating the magnesium ingot, the metal zinc and the manganese for 10-20 min generally to ensure that no water vapor exists on the surface of the main raw material; the protective gas is Ar2And SF6A mixture of (A) and (B), Ar2And SF6The volume ratio is 10-20: 1.
In the step (3), during forging, the conditions of the intermediate annealing process are 370-400 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2-5 hours.
In the step (4), during composite diffusion, the composite pressure is 10-50 MPa, the heating temperature is 350-470 ℃, and the diffusion time is 1-15 h.
The invention has the advantages that: the alloy of the invention is formed by compounding a pure copper plate on a magnesium alloy plate with an electromagnetic shielding function, and then diffusing and rolling the pure copper plate, thereby greatly improving the electromagnetic shielding effect of the alloy.
Detailed Description
The preparation method of the high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) alloy smelting: the components are mixed according to the alloy components, wherein Ni is added in a form of intermediate alloy, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. The Ni intermediate alloy is Mg-10 Ni.
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 350-400 ℃ for more than 5min (generally 10-20 min), and ensuring that no water vapor exists on the surface of the main raw material. Then, placing pure magnesium 1/2-1/3 weight parts into a smelting furnace, raising the temperature to 700-750 ℃, and adding protective gas, wherein the protective gas is Ar2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture is 10-20: 1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to be more than 800 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 30-120 minutes, then cooling to 700-720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 620-650 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to be less than 500 ℃, cutting off a dead head and a skin until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and obtaining a final ingot.
(2) And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 300-350 ℃, preserving heat for 10-50 h, then continuously heating to 400-450 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 10-50 h.
(3) And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 350-370 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature above 350 ℃, carrying out intermediate annealing twice, keeping the temperature for 2-5 hours under the process conditions of 370-400 ℃ until the forging is finished. And then putting the plate into a heating furnace, preserving heat for 30-60 min at the temperature of 360-400 ℃, then extruding the plate into a plate with the thickness of 5-20 mm and the width of 100-500 mm, and directly cooling by water.
(4) And (4) composite diffusion. And carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 0.3-3 mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 10-50 MPa, the heating temperature is 350-470 ℃, and the diffusion time is 1-15 h.
(5) And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite board, wherein the rolling temperature is not lower than 350 ℃, the final size is 1-15 mm, then carrying out liquid nitrogen or dry ice cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the loading strength is 40-80 MPa.
(6) And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. And heating the cooled alloy again to 80-160 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 10-50 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 1
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-2.3Zn-2.5Ni-0.8Mn (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Figure BDA0001184392680000041
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 350 ℃ for 20min to ensure that no water vapor exists on the surface of the main raw material. Then placing 1/2 weight of pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, simultaneously raising the temperature to 700 ℃, and adding protective gas at the moment, wherein the protective gas is specifically Ar2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (10) is 10:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially putting the preheated pure metals into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat for 30 minutes after all the added metals are melted, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 620 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain the final ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 50h, then continuously heating to 400 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 50 h.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 350 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 350 ℃, carrying out intermediate annealing twice under the process condition of 370 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, preserving heat for 60min at 360 ℃, then extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 5mm and the width of 100mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. Carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 0.3mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 10MPa, the heating temperature is 350 ℃, and the diffusion time is 1 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 1mm, and then carrying out dry ice cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the loading strength is 40 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was heated again to 80 ℃ for 50 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 2
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-3.0Zn-2.5Ni-0.8Mn (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 350 ℃ for 20min to ensure that no water vapor exists on the surface of the main raw material. Then 1/2 weight parts of pure magnesium were put into the furnace whileHeating to 700 deg.C, and adding protective gas (Ar)2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (10) is 10:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat for 30 minutes after all the added metal is melted, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 620 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final cast ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 50h, then continuously heating to 400 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 50 h.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 350 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 350 ℃, carrying out intermediate annealing twice under the process condition of 380 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 3 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, preserving heat for 60min at 360 ℃, then extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 5mm and the width of 100mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. Carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 0.3mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 10MPa, the heating temperature is 350 ℃, and the diffusion time is 1 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 1mm, and then carrying out dry ice cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the loading strength is 40 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was heated again to 80 ℃ for 50 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 3
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-3.0Zn-0.6Mn-2.5Ni (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Figure BDA0001184392680000061
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 360 ℃ for 20min to ensure that the surface of the main raw material has no water vapor. Then placing 1/2 weight of pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, simultaneously raising the temperature to 720 ℃, and adding protective gas, wherein the protective gas is Ar2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (10) is 10:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 630 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final cast ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 320 ℃, preserving heat for 40h, then continuously heating to 420 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 40 h.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 350 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 350 ℃, carrying out intermediate annealing twice under the process condition of 380 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, keeping the temperature at 370 ℃ for 50min, extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 10mm and the width of 150mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. And carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 1mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 20MPa, the heating temperature is 380 ℃, and the diffusion time is 5 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 6mm, then carrying out dry ice cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, and the loading strength is 50 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was again heated to 100 ℃ for 40 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 4
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-3.0Zn-0.6Mn-2.0Ni (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Figure BDA0001184392680000071
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 360 ℃ for 20min to ensure that the surface of the main raw material has no water vapor. Then placing 1/2 weight of pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, simultaneously raising the temperature to 720 ℃, and adding protective gas, wherein the protective gas is Ar2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (10) is 10:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 630 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final cast ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 320 ℃, preserving heat for 40h, then continuously heating to 420 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 40 h.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 350 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 350 ℃, carrying out intermediate annealing twice under the process condition of 370 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, keeping the temperature at 370 ℃ for 50min, extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 10mm and the width of 150mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. And carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 1mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 20MPa, the heating temperature is 380 ℃, and the diffusion time is 5 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 6mm, then carrying out dry ice cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, and the loading strength is 50 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was again heated to 100 ℃ for 40 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 5
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-4.0Zn-1.0Mn-2.5Ni (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 380 ℃ for 15min to ensure that the surface of the main raw material has no water vapor. Then placing 1/3 weight of pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, simultaneously raising the temperature to 730 ℃, and adding protective gas, wherein the protective gas is Ar2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (15) is 15:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 90 minutes, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 640 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final cast ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 330 ℃, preserving heat for 30h, then continuously heating to 430 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 30 h.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized cast ingot to 355 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 355 ℃, performing intermediate annealing twice under the process condition of 400 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 5 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, preserving the heat at 380 ℃ for 40min, extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 15mm and the width of 160mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. And carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 1.5mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 30MPa, the heating temperature is 400 ℃, and the diffusion time is 9 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 10mm, and then carrying out dry ice cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, and the loading strength is 60 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was again heated to 120 ℃ for 30 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 6
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-4.0Zn-0.8Mn-1.8Ni (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Figure BDA0001184392680000091
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 380 ℃ for 15min to ensure that the surface of the main raw material has no water vapor. Then placing 1/3 weight of pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, simultaneously raising the temperature to 730 ℃, and adding protective gas, wherein the protective gas is Ar2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (15) is 15:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 90 minutes, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 640 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final cast ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 330 ℃, preserving heat for 30h, then continuously heating to 430 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 30 h.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 355 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 355 ℃, performing intermediate annealing twice under the process condition of 370 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 5 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, preserving the heat at 380 ℃ for 40min, extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 15mm and the width of 160mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. Carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 1.5mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 30MPa, the heating temperature is 400 ℃, and the diffusion time is 9 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 10mm, and then carrying out liquid nitrogen cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the loading strength is 60 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was again heated to 120 ℃ for 30 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 7
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-5.2Zn-1.3Mn-1.3Ni (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Figure BDA0001184392680000101
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 390 ℃ for 15min to ensure that the surface of the main raw material has no water vapor. Then 1/2 weight percent pure magnesium is put into a smelting furnaceIncreasing the temperature to 740 deg.C, and adding protective gas (Ar)2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (15) is 15:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 100 minutes, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 640 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final cast ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 340 ℃, preserving heat for 20h, then continuously heating to 440 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 20 h.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 360 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 360 ℃, carrying out intermediate annealing twice under the process condition of 400 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, preserving heat for 40min at 390 ℃, then extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 10mm and the width of 150mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. And carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 2mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 40MPa, the heating temperature is 430 ℃, and the diffusion time is 12 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 12mm, and then carrying out liquid nitrogen cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the loading strength is 70 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was again heated to 140 ℃ for 20 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 8
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-5.2Zn-1.5Mn-2.5Ni (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Figure BDA0001184392680000111
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 390 ℃ for 15min to ensure that the surface of the main raw material has no water vapor. Then placing 1/2 weight of pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, simultaneously raising the temperature to 740 ℃, and adding protective gas at the moment, wherein the protective gas is specifically Ar2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (15) is 15:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 100 minutes, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 640 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final cast ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 340 ℃, preserving heat for 20h, then continuously heating to 440 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 20 h.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 360 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 360 ℃, carrying out intermediate annealing twice, keeping the process condition at 370 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 4 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, preserving heat for 40min at 390 ℃, then extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 10mm and the width of 150mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. And carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 2mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 40MPa, the heating temperature is 430 ℃, and the diffusion time is 12 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 12mm, and then carrying out liquid nitrogen cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the loading strength is 70 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was again heated to 140 ℃ for 20 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 9
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-6.2Zn-0.2Mn-1.5Ni (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in Table 9.
TABLE 9 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 400 ℃ for 10min to ensure that the surface of the main raw material has no water vapor. Then placing 1/2 weight of pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, simultaneously raising the temperature to 750 ℃, and adding protective gas at the moment, wherein the protective gas is specifically Ar2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (10) is 10:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 120 minutes, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 650 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final cast ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 350 ℃, preserving heat for 10 hours, then continuously heating to 450 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 10 hours.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 365 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 360 ℃, performing intermediate annealing twice under the process condition of 390 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 3 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, preserving heat for 30min at 400 ℃, then extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 20mm and the width of 200mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. And carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 3mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 50MPa, the heating temperature is 470 ℃, and the diffusion time is 15 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 15mm, and then carrying out liquid nitrogen cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the loading strength is 80 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was heated again to 160 ℃ for 10 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 10
The alloy composition smelted in the embodiment is Mg-6.2Zn-1.5Mn-1.5Ni (wt.%). According to the experimental material consumption and the crucible size, the experimental design is used for smelting 100 kg.
1. Alloy smelting: the components of the alloy are mixed, wherein Ni is added in the form of intermediate alloy Mg-10Ni, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metals. In order to ensure quick melting, the raw materials are cut into small pieces, the small pieces are smoothly put into a crucible, oil stains on the surface are removed, and an oxide layer is removed by polishing with abrasive paper. The alloy composition and the raw material addition amount were designed in consideration of the loss of alloy elements during melting, as shown in Table 10.
TABLE 10 alloy design composition and actual raw material addition
Figure BDA0001184392680000131
Firstly, preheating a pure magnesium ingot and main additive elements to 400 ℃ for 10min to ensure that the surface of the main raw material has no water vapor. Then placing 1/2 weight of pure magnesium into a smelting furnace, simultaneously raising the temperature to 750 ℃, and adding protective gas at the moment, wherein the protective gas is specifically Ar2And SF6The volume ratio of the mixture of (1) to (10) is 10:1, and after all magnesium is melted, the rest magnesium ingot is added until all magnesium is dissolved.
And sequentially adding preheated pure metal elements into the pure magnesium melt, stirring and standing, increasing the temperature of the melt to 805 ℃, adding the rest intermediate alloy, continuously preserving heat after all the added metal is melted, keeping the temperature for 120 minutes, then cooling to 720 ℃, filtering, continuously cooling, starting a fog cooling device when the temperature reaches 650 ℃, starting a water cooling device when the temperature is reduced to 495 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and cutting off a dead head and a skin to obtain a final cast ingot.
2. And (6) homogenizing the cast ingot. And placing the ingot obtained by smelting in a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 350 ℃, preserving heat for 10 hours, then continuously heating to 450 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 10 hours.
3. And (5) plastically deforming the ingot alloy. And cooling the homogenized ingot to 365 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature at 360 ℃, performing intermediate annealing twice under the process condition of 375 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2.5 hours until the forging is finished. Then putting the mixture into a heating furnace, preserving heat for 30min at 400 ℃, then extruding the mixture into a plate with the thickness of 20mm and the width of 200mm, and directly cooling by water.
4. And (4) composite diffusion. And carrying out composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 3mm and the like, wherein the composite pressure is 50MPa, the heating temperature is 470 ℃, and the diffusion time is 15 h.
5. And (6) carrying out lap rolling. And (3) directly carrying out hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is 360 ℃, the final size is 15mm, and then carrying out liquid nitrogen cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the loading strength is 80 MPa.
6. And (5) carrying out subsequent treatment. The cooled alloy was heated again to 160 ℃ for 10 h. Naturally cooling to room temperature.
TABLE 11 Shielding effectiveness of examples 1-10
The embodiments show that the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the alloy composite board is remarkably improved, and the alloy composite board can be widely applied to the fields of manufacturing shells of high-end equipment precision devices and the like.

Claims (9)

1. The high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board is characterized by being formed by compounding an Mg-Zn alloy plate and a copper plate, wherein the alloy components and the mass percentage content of the Mg-Zn alloy plate are 2.3 ~ 6.2.2 percent of Zn, 0.2 ~ 1.5.5 percent of Mn, 1.3 ~ 2.5.5 percent of Ni and the balance of Mg;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) alloy smelting, namely batching according to the alloy components of the Mg-Zn alloy plate, wherein Ni is added in the form of Mg-Ni intermediate alloy, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metal, firstly preheating pure magnesium ingots, metal zinc and manganese to 350-400 ℃ for more than 5min, then putting the pure magnesium ingots with the weight of 1/2 ~ 1/3 into a smelting furnace, raising the temperature to 700 ~ 750 ℃, adding protective gas, after all the metals are melted, putting the rest magnesium ingots until all the metals are melted, sequentially putting the preheated metal zinc and manganese into a pure magnesium melt, simultaneously stirring and standing, raising the melt temperature to above 800 ℃, adding the Mg-Ni intermediate alloy, after all the added metals are melted, continuing to preserve heat, keeping the heat for 30 ~ 120 minutes, then cooling to 700-700 ~ 720 ℃, filtering, continuing to cool, when the temperature reaches 620-620 ~ 650 ℃, starting a fog cooling device, and when the temperature is lowered below 500 ℃, cooling device is started, cooling is cooled to room temperature, and risers and surface skin are cut off to obtain final cast ingots;
(2) homogenizing the ingot, namely putting the ingot obtained by smelting into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 300 ~ 350 ℃, preserving heat for 10 ~ 50h, then continuously heating to 400 ~ 450 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 10 ~ 50 h;
(3) performing plastic deformation on the ingot casting alloy, namely cooling the homogenized ingot casting to 350 ~ 370 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature above 350 ℃, performing intermediate annealing twice until the forging is finished, then putting the ingot casting alloy into a heating furnace, keeping the temperature at 360 ~ 400 ℃ for 30 ~ 60min, extruding the ingot casting alloy into a plate with the thickness of 5 ~ 20mm and the width of 100 ~ 500mm, and directly cooling by water;
(4) performing composite diffusion, namely performing composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 0.3 ~ 3mm and the like;
(5) performing pack rolling, namely directly performing hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is not lower than 350 ℃, the final size is 1 ~ 15mm, then performing liquid nitrogen or dry ice cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, and the loading strength is 40 ~ 80 MPa;
(6) and (4) carrying out subsequent treatment, namely heating the cooled alloy again to 80 ~ 160 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 10 ~ 50h, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.
2. The magnesium-copper composite board with high electromagnetic shielding according to claim 1, wherein the thickness ratio of the Mg-Zn alloy board to the copper board is 5:3 ~ 200: 3.
3. The high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board according to claim 1, wherein the high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board has a thickness of 1 ~ 15 mm.
4. The method for preparing a high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) alloy smelting, namely batching according to the alloy components of the Mg-Zn alloy plate, wherein Ni is added in the form of Mg-Ni intermediate alloy, and other main alloy elements are added in pure metal, firstly preheating pure magnesium ingots, metal zinc and manganese to 350-400 ℃ for more than 5min, then putting the pure magnesium ingots with the weight of 1/2 ~ 1/3 into a smelting furnace, raising the temperature to 700 ~ 750 ℃, adding protective gas, after all the metals are melted, putting the rest magnesium ingots until all the metals are melted, sequentially putting the preheated metal zinc and manganese into a pure magnesium melt, simultaneously stirring and standing, raising the melt temperature to above 800 ℃, adding the Mg-Ni intermediate alloy, after all the added metals are melted, continuing to preserve heat, keeping the heat for 30 ~ 120 minutes, then cooling to 700-700 ~ 720 ℃, filtering, continuing to cool, when the temperature reaches 620-620 ~ 650 ℃, starting a fog cooling device, and when the temperature is lowered below 500 ℃, cooling device is started, cooling is cooled to room temperature, and risers and surface skin are cut off to obtain final cast ingots;
(2) homogenizing the ingot, namely putting the ingot obtained by smelting into a homogenizing heat treatment furnace, heating to 300 ~ 350 ℃, preserving heat for 10 ~ 50h, then continuously heating to 400 ~ 450 ℃, and continuously preserving heat for 10 ~ 50 h;
(3) performing plastic deformation on the ingot casting alloy, namely cooling the homogenized ingot casting to 350 ~ 370 ℃, starting forging, keeping the forging temperature above 350 ℃, performing intermediate annealing twice until the forging is finished, then putting the ingot casting alloy into a heating furnace, keeping the temperature at 360 ~ 400 ℃ for 30 ~ 60min, extruding the ingot casting alloy into a plate with the thickness of 5 ~ 20mm and the width of 100 ~ 500mm, and directly cooling by water;
(4) performing composite diffusion, namely performing composite diffusion on the extruded magnesium alloy plate and a pure copper plate with the thickness of 0.3 ~ 3mm and the like;
(5) performing pack rolling, namely directly performing hot rolling on the diffused composite plate, wherein the rolling temperature is not lower than 350 ℃, the final size is 1 ~ 15mm, then performing liquid nitrogen or dry ice cooling on the premise of preloading until the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, and the loading strength is 40 ~ 80 MPa;
(6) and (4) carrying out subsequent treatment, namely heating the cooled alloy again to 80 ~ 160 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 10 ~ 50h, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.
5. The method for preparing the high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the Mg-Ni intermediate alloy is Mg-10 Ni.
6. The method for preparing the high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: preheating time of magnesium ingot, metal zinc and manganese is 10-20 min.
7. The method for preparing the high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the protective gas is Ar2And SF6A mixture of (A) and (B), Ar2And SF6The volume ratio was 10 ~ 20: 1.
8. The method for preparing the high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board according to claim 4, wherein the intermediate annealing process is carried out under the conditions of 370 ~ 400 ℃ and 2 ~ 5 hours of heat preservation.
9. The method for preparing a high electromagnetic shielding magnesium-copper composite board according to claim 4, wherein the composite pressure is 10 ~ 50MPa, the heating temperature is 350 ~ 470 ℃, and the diffusion time is 1 ~ 15 h.
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