CN110449615B - Take airtight detection's back to draw formula from line-up hydraulic fixture - Google Patents
Take airtight detection's back to draw formula from line-up hydraulic fixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN110449615B CN110449615B CN201910734264.2A CN201910734264A CN110449615B CN 110449615 B CN110449615 B CN 110449615B CN 201910734264 A CN201910734264 A CN 201910734264A CN 110449615 B CN110449615 B CN 110449615B
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/40—Expansion mandrels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a back-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp with air tightness detection, which comprises a pull rod, a Morse cone, a nut, an expansion body, a support body, a connecting bolt, a piston disc, a piston, an expansion sleeve, a positioning block and the like; an oil way system is arranged in the supporting body and the expansion body; one end of the pull rod, which is close to the expansion body, is provided with an airtight hole, an airtight channel is arranged on the morse cone, which corresponds to the airtight hole, the airtight channel sequentially penetrates through the expansion body, the support body and the expansion sleeve and extends to a contact surface with a workpiece, and the airtight channel and the oil circuit system are arranged in a staggered manner; the hydraulic clamp can realize self-centering of the clamp, and copy the centering precision of the Morse cone onto the clamp, so that the high and stable positioning precision of the clamp is better ensured; meanwhile, the air tightness detection of the contact positioning surface of the clamp and the workpiece can be realized, whether the workpiece is wrongly mounted or not is judged to a certain degree, and the error-proofing function of the clamp is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic clamps, in particular to a back-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp with air tightness detection.
Background
At present, a plurality of hydraulic fixtures are connected to the end face of a Morse cone, and the Morse cone is inserted into a main shaft to enable the fixtures to be installed on the main shaft. The mode that the inner hole is expanded to fix the end face is mainly adopted, the pull rod is utilized to push the piston to move, hydraulic oil in the clamp is compressed to enter the expansion sleeve, so that the workpiece is expanded, and the end face of the part is positioned by utilizing the clamp positioning block. The forward-push type hydraulic clamp is widely applied to the field of machining.
The existing hydraulic clamp mainly has the following problems:
(1) the existing hydraulic clamp does not have an end face (positioning face) air tightness detection function, and when the positioning face has residual scrap iron or impurities when a workpiece is installed, the positioning precision is easy to lose, so that scrapped parts are generated;
(2) the forward-push type hydraulic clamp positioned by the Morse cone is easy to push the clamp out of the machine tool main body, so that the precision of the clamp is lost and even safety accidents are caused; if the morse cone is fixedly connected to the machine tool box body through the bolt, the positioning precision of the morse cone is easy to damage, and therefore the precision of the clamp is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a back-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp with air tightness detection, aiming at the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a back-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp with air tightness detection comprises a Morse cone, wherein one side, far away from the cone, of the Morse cone is sequentially connected with an expansion body and a support body; one surface of the expansion body is tightly matched and connected with the Morse cone, and the other surface of the expansion body is tightly matched and connected with the end surface of the support body and forms a closed space with the middle part of the support body; an expansion sleeve is sleeved at one end of the support body, which is far away from the Morse cone, an annular groove is arranged at the contact part of the support body and the inner hole wall of the expansion sleeve, the annular groove is communicated to the closed space through an oil way system, and the oil way system is sequentially arranged in the support body and the expansion body;
the Morse cone is also sleeved with a hollow pull rod, and the pull rod penetrates through the Morse cone and the expansion body and extends into the closed space; the end part of the pull rod is connected with a piston assembly, and the piston assembly is positioned in the closed space;
the pull rod is provided with an airtight hole at one end close to the expansion body, an airtight channel is arranged at the position of the Morse cone corresponding to the airtight hole, the airtight channel sequentially penetrates through the expansion body, the supporting body and the expansion sleeve and extends to the contact surface of a workpiece, and the airtight channel and the oil circuit system are arranged in a staggered mode.
The rear-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp can realize self-centering of the clamp through the matching of the Morse cone, the expansion body, the support body and the expansion sleeve, and copies the centering precision of the Morse cone onto the clamp, thereby better ensuring the high and stable positioning precision of the clamp;
the air tightness detection of the contact positioning surface of the clamp and the workpiece can be realized through the air-tight channel and the air-tight hole so as to accurately judge whether the end surface contact is smooth or not and whether residual scrap iron or impurities exist on the positioning surface or not;
for the porous workpiece, whether the workpiece is wrongly installed or not is judged to a certain extent according to the arrangement of the airtight channel, so that the mistake proofing function of the clamp is realized.
The piston assembly is pulled backwards through the pull rod, oil is conveyed between the expansion sleeve and the supporting body along the oil way system, the expansion sleeve can expand a workpiece after expansion, and the purpose of automatically fixing the workpiece is achieved. The annular groove is arranged, so that oil liquid is conveniently concentrated and the expansion sleeve is expanded.
The hollow Morse cone is beneficial to the front and back movement of the hollow pull rod, the hollow pull rod can lead gas in the machine tool into the airtight hole and the airtight channel, and the airtightness detection of the positioning surface is realized.
Further, the piston assembly comprises a piston disc and a piston; the middle part of the piston disc is in threaded connection with an inner hole at the right end of the pull rod; the piston is arranged on one side, close to the expansion body, of the piston disc, and the piston is arranged corresponding to an oil way hole in the expansion body.
The middle part of the piston disc is connected with the end part of the pull rod through a bolt, so that the piston disc can reciprocate in the closed space under the driving of the pull rod, the piston faces and is inserted into the oil way hole, oil can be pressed and pumped, and the oil is driven to flow back and forth in an oil way system.
Further, the oil path system comprises at least one pair of symmetrically arranged oil path pipelines, and the oil path pipelines comprise a first oil path arranged in the expansion body and a second oil path arranged in the support body; the first oil way and the second oil way are communicated through oil grooves formed in the contact surface of the expansion body and the support body; oil flows from the piston assembly to the annular groove via the first oil passage, the oil groove, and the second oil passage.
Furthermore, at least one branch of the first oil path is communicated to the outer circumference of the expansion body, and a plug is arranged at an opening; at least one branch of the second oil path is communicated to the outer circumferential surface and/or the outer end surface of the support body, and a plug is arranged at an opening; the oil groove with the annular groove all corresponds and is provided with oil seal.
The first oil way and the second oil way can be filled with oil or drained of oil through the openings, and the oil can be prevented from leaking by plugging. The oil groove with the size larger than the diameter of the oil path hole is arranged at the position of each contact surface, so that the first oil path and the second oil path are conveniently communicated, the end part of the second oil path is located in the range of the oil groove, and the assembling difficulty is reduced. The oil seal prevents the oil from leaking along the contact surface.
Further, the airtight holes are arranged along the radial direction of the pull rod and communicated with the hollow interior of the pull rod; an annular airtight groove is formed in the inner hole wall, in contact with the airtight hole, of the Morse cone, one end of the airtight channel is communicated with the annular airtight groove, and sealing assemblies are arranged on two sides of the annular airtight groove; the airtight channel is connected and transited at the contact surface of each part through an airtight groove and is correspondingly provided with a sealing ring.
The axial size of the annular airtight groove is slightly larger than the reciprocating stroke of the piston assembly, so that when the pull rod moves back and forth, the position of the airtight hole is always located in the range of the annular airtight groove, and the airtight channel can ventilate normally.
Furthermore, the number of the airtight passages is three, and the airtight passages are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. Many airtight passageways can detect the gas tightness of many places on the locating surface simultaneously, improve the accuracy that whole gas tightness judged.
Furthermore, a positioning block is further arranged on one surface, away from the Morse cone, of the expansion sleeve, and the airtight channel extends towards the positioning block and penetrates through the positioning block; two ends of the positioning block are respectively and tightly matched with the end faces of the expansion sleeve and the workpiece; the outer contours of the expansion sleeve and the positioning block are both in a stepped shaft shape.
The positioning block is favorable for positioning the clamp and the workpiece, the positioning block can be detached and replaced, and the position of the gas detection hole of the positioning block can be correspondingly adjusted according to the size of the workpiece so as to adapt to positioning of different workpieces or holes.
Furthermore, one surface of the expansion body, which is matched with the inner hole of the Morse cone, is of a conical stepped structure; the supporter has insertion section and assembly section, the cover is equipped with on the insertion section the cover expands, the assembly section has first hole and second hole, first hole with the terminal surface of the tight body that expands forms airtight space.
The piston disc is capable of reciprocating in the first bore, which acts like a piston cylinder; the second hole can hold the head of the bolt on the piston disc, and when the piston disc moves towards the direction of the second hole, the bolt can just enter the second hole, so that the movement of the piston disc is not influenced.
Furthermore, the Morse cone, the expansion body and the support body are fixedly connected through a first connecting bolt, and a second connecting bolt is connected between the expansion body and the support body; the first connecting bolt and the second connecting bolt are oppositely arranged. Through bolted connection, the equipment of this anchor clamps of being convenient for, first connecting bolt and the opposite setting of second connecting bolt can improve the joint strength between these three parts, make the centre set up expand tight body and all obtain the fastening in two directions, the atress also can be more balanced.
The number of the first connecting bolts and the number of the second connecting bolts are at least 3, and the first connecting bolts and the second connecting bolts are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Furthermore, a round nut is further arranged on the outer circumference of the Morse cone close to the expansion body. The Morse cone is further fastened by the round nut in the circumferential direction, circumferential jumping is reduced, and the overall stability of the clamp is improved.
The working process of the back-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp comprises the following steps: sleeving a workpiece on the expansion sleeve, attaching the end face of the workpiece to an airtight hole on the end face of the positioning block, pulling a pull rod leftwards when a machine tool pulls the pull rod, driving a piston disc and a piston to move leftwards to compress hydraulic oil in the clamp, and sequentially enabling the hydraulic oil to enter the annular groove expansion sleeve through an expansion body and an oil path system (hydraulic channel) of a support body so as to expand the workpiece; meanwhile, gas in the machine tool enters from the inner hole of the pull rod and flows to the end face (positioning face) of the workpiece through the Morse cone, the expansion body, the support body, the expansion sleeve and the airtight channel of the positioning block, and when the end face of the workpiece is tightly attached to the positioning block, the gas cannot leak; when residual scrap iron or impurities exist on the positioning surface of the workpiece, gas can leak, and the machine tool can give an alarm, so that the function of airtight detection is realized; when the machine tool pushes the pull rod rightwards, the pull rod drives the piston disc and the piston to move rightwards to withdraw hydraulic oil in the clamp, the hydraulic oil in the oil circuit system (hydraulic channel) of the expansion body and the support body flows back, the pressure is reduced, the expansion sleeve is gradually released, and therefore the workpiece is loosened.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the rear-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp can realize self-centering of the clamp through the matching of the Morse cone, the expansion body, the support body and the expansion sleeve, and copies the centering precision of the Morse cone onto the clamp, thereby better ensuring the high and stable positioning precision of the clamp;
2. the air tightness detection of the contact positioning surface of the clamp and the workpiece can be realized through the air-tight channel and the air-tight hole so as to accurately judge whether the end surface contact is smooth or not and whether residual scrap iron or impurities exist on the positioning surface or not;
3. the positioning block is arranged to facilitate the positioning of the clamp and a workpiece, the positioning block can be detached and replaced, the position of the gas detection hole of the positioning block can be correspondingly adjusted according to the size of the workpiece so as to adapt to the positioning of different workpieces or holes, whether the workpiece is wrongly mounted or not is judged to a certain extent, and therefore the mistake proofing function of the clamp is achieved;
4. the hollow Morse cone is beneficial to the front and back movement of the hollow pull rod, the hollow pull rod can lead the gas in the machine tool into the airtight hole and the airtight channel, and the airtightness detection of the positioning surface is realized;
5. the axial size of the annular airtight groove is slightly larger than the reciprocating stroke of the piston assembly, so that when the pull rod moves back and forth, the position of the airtight hole is always located in the range of the airtight groove, and the airtight channel can ventilate normally.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rear-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp with air tightness detection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil path system of a pull-back self-centering hydraulic clamp with air tightness detection according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an airtight passage structure of a pull-back self-centering hydraulic clamp with airtight detection according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a pull rod; 2. a Morse cone; 3. a round nut; 4. a tightening body; 5. a first connecting bolt; 6. a support body; 601. an insertion section; 602. assembling the sections; 7. a piston; 8. expanding the sleeve; 9. positioning blocks; 10. a workpiece; 11. plugging screws; 12. a third connecting bolt; 13. a piston disc; 14. a fourth connecting bolt; 15. a second connecting bolt; 16. a gas-tight hole; 17. an annular airtight groove; 18. a seal ring; 19. a first oil passage; 20. an oil sump; 21. a second oil passage; 22. a first inner bore; 23. a second inner bore; 24. an annular groove; 25. plugging; 26. an airtight passage; 27. and (4) an airtight groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a back-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp with air tightness detection comprises a morse cone 2, wherein one side of the morse cone 2, which is far away from the cone, is sequentially connected with an expansion body 4 and a support body 6; one surface of the expansion body 4 is tightly matched and connected with the Morse cone 2, and the other surface of the expansion body is tightly matched and connected with the end surface of the support body 6 and forms a closed space with the middle part of the support body 6; an expansion sleeve 8 is sleeved at one end of the support body 6, which is far away from the Morse cone 2, an annular groove 24 is arranged at the contact part of the support body 6 and the inner hole wall of the expansion sleeve 8, the annular groove 24 is communicated to the closed space through an oil way system, and the oil way system is sequentially arranged in the support body 6 and the expansion body 4;
the morse cone 2 is also sleeved with a hollow pull rod 1, and the pull rod 1 penetrates through the morse cone 2 and the expansion body 4 and extends into the closed space; the end part of the pull rod 1 is connected with a piston assembly, and the piston assembly is positioned in the closed space;
one end of the pull rod 1, which is close to the expansion body 4, is provided with an airtight hole 16, an airtight channel 26 is arranged on the position of the morse cone 2, which corresponds to the airtight hole 16, the airtight channel 26 sequentially penetrates through the expansion body 4, the support body 6 and the expansion sleeve 8 and extends to a contact surface with a workpiece, and the airtight channel 26 and the oil circuit system are arranged in a staggered manner.
The rear-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp can realize self-centering of the clamp through the matching of the Morse cone 2, the expansion body 4, the support body 6 and the expansion sleeve 8, and copies the Morse cone centering precision onto the clamp, thereby better ensuring the high and stable positioning precision of the clamp;
the air tightness detection of the contact positioning surface of the clamp and the workpiece can be realized through the air-tight channel 26 and the air-tight hole 16, so that whether the end surface contact is smooth or not and whether residual scrap iron or impurities exist on the positioning surface or not can be accurately judged;
the piston assembly is pulled backwards through the pull rod 1, oil is conveyed to a position between the expansion sleeve 8 and the supporting body 6 along an oil way system, and the expansion sleeve 8 can expand the workpiece 10 after being expanded, so that the purpose of automatically fixing the workpiece is achieved. The annular groove 24 is arranged, so that oil liquid can be conveniently concentrated and the expansion sleeve 8 can be expanded.
The hollow Morse cone 2 is beneficial to the front and back movement of the hollow pull rod 1, the hollow pull rod 1 can lead the gas in the machine tool to the gas-tight hole 16 and the gas-tight channel 26, and the gas-tight detection of the positioning surface is realized.
The hollow structure of the hollow pull rod 1 is non-axially penetrated, and the internal thread hole formed at the right end is not communicated with the vent hole at the left end.
Further, the piston assembly comprises a piston disc 13 and a piston 7; the middle part of the piston disc 13 is fixedly connected with the right end of the pull rod 1 through a fourth connecting bolt 14; the piston 7 is arranged on one side, close to the expansion body 4, of the piston disc 13, and the piston 7 is arranged corresponding to an oil way hole in the expansion body 4.
The piston disc 13 can reciprocate in the closed space under the driving of the pull rod 1, and the piston 7 faces and is inserted into the oil way hole, so that oil can be pressed and pumped, and the oil is driven to flow back and forth in an oil way system.
Further, the oil path system comprises at least one pair of symmetrically arranged oil path pipelines, wherein the oil path pipelines comprise a first oil path 19 arranged in the expansion body 4 and a second oil path 21 arranged in the supporting body 6; the first oil passage 19 and the second oil passage 21 are communicated through an oil groove 20 arranged on the contact surface of the expansion body 4 and the support body 6; oil flows from the piston assembly to the annular recess 24 via the first oil passage 19, the oil groove 20 and the second oil passage 21.
Furthermore, at least one branch of the first oil path 19 is communicated to the outer circumference of the expansion body 4, and a plug 25 is arranged at the opening; at least one branch of the second oil path 21 is communicated to the outer circumferential surface and the outer end surface of the support body 6, and a plug 25 is arranged at an opening; the oil grooves 20 and the peripheries of the annular grooves 24 are correspondingly provided with oil seals.
The first oil passage 19 and the second oil passage 21 can be filled or drained with oil through these openings, and the oil can be prevented from leaking out by the plugs 25. The oil groove 20 with the size larger than the diameter of the oil path hole is arranged at the position of each contact surface, so that the first oil path 19 and the second oil path 21 are conveniently communicated, the left end part of the second oil path 21 is located in the range of the oil groove 20, and the assembling difficulty is reduced. The oil seal prevents the oil from leaking along the contact surface.
Further, the air-tight hole 16 is arranged along the radial direction of the pull rod 1, and the air-tight hole 16 is communicated with the hollow interior of the pull rod 1; an annular airtight groove 17 is formed in the inner hole wall of the Morse cone 2, which is in contact with the airtight hole 16, one end of the airtight channel 26 is communicated with the annular airtight groove 17, and sealing rings 18 are arranged on two sides of the annular airtight groove 17; the gas-tight channels 26 are connected at the contact surface of each component by gas-tight grooves 27 and are provided with sealing rings correspondingly.
The axial dimension of the annular airtight groove 27 is slightly larger than the reciprocating stroke of the piston assembly, so that when the pull rod 1 moves back and forth, the position of the airtight hole 16 is always located in the range of the annular airtight groove 17, and the airtight channel 26 can be normally ventilated.
Further, the number of the airtight passages 26 is three, and the airtight passages are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. The air tightness at multiple positions on the positioning surface can be detected simultaneously by the air tightness channels 26, and the accuracy of the overall air tightness judgment is improved.
Furthermore, a positioning block 9 is further arranged on one surface of the expansion sleeve 8, which is far away from the morse cone 2, and the airtight channel 26 extends towards the positioning block 9 and penetrates through the positioning block 9; two ends of the positioning block 9 are respectively in close fit with the end faces of the expansion sleeve 8 and the workpiece 10 and are fixedly connected through a third connecting bolt 12; the outer contours of the expansion sleeve 8 and the positioning block 9 are both in a stepped shaft shape.
Furthermore, one surface of the expansion body 4 matched with the inner hole of the Morse cone 2 is of a conical stepped structure, and the matching of conical surfaces is beneficial to the self-centering of the clamp; the supporting body 6 is provided with an insertion section 601 and an assembly section 602, the insertion section 601 is sleeved with the expansion sleeve 8, the assembly section 602 is provided with a first inner hole 22 and a second inner hole 23, and the first inner hole 22 and the end face of the expansion body 4 form the closed space. The right end of the insertion section 601 is provided with a blocking screw 11.
The piston disc 13 is capable of reciprocating in the first bore 22, the first bore 22 functioning as a piston-cylinder like structure; the second inner hole 23 can accommodate the head of the fourth connecting bolt, and when the piston disc 13 moves towards the second inner hole 23, the head of the fourth connecting bolt can just enter the second inner hole 23, and the movement of the piston disc 13 is not affected.
Further, the morse cone 2, the expansion body 4 and the support body 6 are fixedly connected through a first connecting bolt 5, and a second connecting bolt 15 is connected between the expansion body 4 and the support body 6; the first connecting bolt 5 is arranged opposite to the second connecting bolt 15. Through bolted connection, the equipment of this anchor clamps of being convenient for, first connecting bolt 5 and the opposite setting of second connecting bolt 15 can improve the joint strength between these three parts, make the centre set up expand tight body 4 and all obtain the fastening in two directions, and the atress also can be more balanced.
The number of the first connecting bolts 5 and the number of the second connecting bolts 15 are 3, and the first connecting bolts and the second connecting bolts are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Further, a round nut 3 is further arranged on the outer circumference of the Morse cone 2 close to the expansion body 4. The round nut 3 further fastens the Morse cone 2 in the circumferential direction, circumferential jumping is reduced, and overall stability of the clamp is improved.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a method for using a back-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp with air tightness detection includes an expansion process and an air tightness detection process, and includes the following steps:
step (1): sleeving the workpiece 10 on the expansion sleeve 8, attaching the end face of the workpiece 10 to the end face of the positioning block 9, and enabling the tail end of the airtight channel 26 to be opposite to the positioning face (part of the end face) of the workpiece; the machine tool pulls the pull rod 1 leftwards, the pull rod 1 drives the piston disc 13 and the piston 7 to move leftwards to compress oil in the clamp, and the oil enters the annular groove 24 and expands the expansion sleeve 8 through the oil way systems of the expansion body 4 and the support body 6 in sequence, so that the workpiece 10 is expanded; wherein the annular groove 24 is within the inner bore of the workpiece 10;
step (2): introducing gas in the machine tool into an inner hole of a pull rod 1, wherein the gas passes through an airtight channel of a Morse cone 2, an expansion body 4, a support body 6, an expansion sleeve 8 and a positioning block 9 to the end face of a workpiece 10, the end face of the workpiece 10 is tightly attached to the positioning block 9, and whether the gas leaks or not is judged; if residual scrap iron or impurities exist on the positioning surface of the workpiece 10, gas can leak, and the machine tool can give an alarm, so that the airtight detection process is realized;
and (3): and (3) finishing the processes of the step (1) and the step (2), pushing the pull rod 1 rightwards by the machine tool, driving the piston disc 13 and the piston 7 to move rightwards by the pull rod 1 to withdraw the oil in the clamp, refluxing the hydraulic oil in the oil way system of the expansion body 4 and the support body 6, gradually loosening the expansion sleeve 8, and loosening the workpiece 10.
Example three:
when the pull-back self-centering hydraulic clamp with the air-tight detection in the first embodiment is used, the positioning block 9 is matched with the workpiece 10, and the air check hole (the tail end of the air-tight channel) in the positioning block 9 is arranged at a position matched with the end face of the workpiece 10. During assembly, the workpiece 10 is taken by mistake or the sleeved hole is not matched, air leakage is caused inevitably due to mismatching of the end face and the positioning block 9, air tightness detection is carried out wrongly, so that a machine tool alarms, a worker is reminded that the workpiece is possibly installed by mistake, and the worker selects a correct workpiece to install after detection; the error-proofing function is realized to a certain extent, and the wrong workpiece is prevented from being machined.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The back-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp with the air tightness detection function comprises a Morse cone and is characterized in that one side, far away from the cone, of the Morse cone is sequentially connected with an expansion body and a support body; one surface of the expansion body is tightly matched and connected with the Morse cone, and the other surface of the expansion body is tightly matched and connected with the end surface of the support body and forms a closed space with the middle part of the support body; an expansion sleeve is sleeved at one end of the support body, which is far away from the Morse cone, an annular groove is arranged at the contact part of the support body and the inner hole wall of the expansion sleeve, the annular groove is communicated to the closed space through an oil way system, and the oil way system is sequentially arranged in the support body and the expansion body;
the Morse cone is also sleeved with a hollow pull rod, and the pull rod penetrates through the Morse cone and the expansion body and extends into the closed space; the end part of the pull rod is connected with a piston assembly, and the piston assembly is positioned in the closed space;
the pull rod is provided with an airtight hole at one end close to the expansion body, an airtight channel is arranged at the position of the Morse cone corresponding to the airtight hole, the airtight channel sequentially penetrates through the expansion body, the supporting body and the expansion sleeve and extends to the contact surface of a workpiece, and the airtight channel and the oil circuit system are arranged in a staggered mode.
2. The back-pull self-centering hydraulic clamp with air-tight detection of claim 1, wherein the piston assembly comprises a piston disc and a piston; the middle part of the piston disc is in threaded connection with an inner hole at the right end of the pull rod; the piston is arranged on one side, close to the expansion body, of the piston disc, and the piston is arranged corresponding to an oil way hole in the expansion body.
3. The pull-back self-centering hydraulic clamp with gas tightness detection according to claim 1, wherein said oil circuit system comprises at least one pair of symmetrically disposed oil circuit conduits, said oil circuit conduits comprising a first oil circuit disposed in said expansion body and a second oil circuit in said support body; the first oil way and the second oil way are communicated through oil grooves formed in the contact surface of the expansion body and the support body; oil flows from the piston assembly to the annular groove via the first oil passage, the oil groove, and the second oil passage.
4. The rear-pulling type self-centering hydraulic clamp with the air tightness detection function according to claim 3, wherein at least one branch of the first oil path is communicated to the outer circumference of the expansion body and is provided with a plug at an opening; at least one branch of the second oil path is communicated to the outer circumferential surface and/or the outer end surface of the support body, and a plug is arranged at an opening; the oil groove with the annular groove all corresponds and is provided with oil seal.
5. The rear pull self-centering hydraulic clamp with gas tightness detection according to claim 1, wherein the gas-tight hole is arranged along a radial direction of the pull rod, and the gas-tight hole is communicated with the hollow interior of the pull rod; an annular airtight groove is formed in the inner hole wall, in contact with the airtight hole, of the Morse cone, one end of the airtight channel is communicated with the annular airtight groove, and sealing assemblies are arranged on two sides of the annular airtight groove; the airtight channel is connected and transited at the contact surface of each part through an airtight groove and is correspondingly provided with a sealing ring.
6. The pull-back self-centering hydraulic clamp with the air-tightness detection function according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the number of the air-tightness channels is three, and the air-tightness channels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
7. The pullback self-centering hydraulic clamp with air-tight detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein a positioning block is further disposed on a side of the expansion sleeve away from the morse cone, and the air-tight channel extends toward and through the positioning block; two ends of the positioning block are respectively and tightly matched with the end faces of the expansion sleeve and the workpiece; the outer contours of the expansion sleeve and the positioning block are both in a stepped shaft shape.
8. The back-pull self-centering hydraulic clamp with the air tightness detection function according to claim 1, wherein one surface, matched with the inner hole of the morse cone, of the expansion body is in a conical stepped structure; the supporter has insertion section and assembly section, the cover is equipped with on the insertion section the cover expands, the assembly section has first hole and second hole, first hole with the terminal surface of the tight body that expands forms airtight space.
9. The back-pull type self-centering hydraulic clamp with the air tightness detection function according to claim 1, wherein the morse cone, the expansion body and the support body are fixedly connected through a first connecting bolt, and a second connecting bolt is further connected between the expansion body and the support body; the first connecting bolt and the second connecting bolt are oppositely arranged; and a round nut is also arranged on the outer circumference of the Morse cone close to the expansion body.
10. The use method of the back-pull self-centering hydraulic clamp with the air tightness test according to claim 1, characterized in that the use method comprises a tightening process and an air tightness test process, and the steps are as follows:
step (1): sleeving a workpiece on the expansion sleeve, attaching the end face of the workpiece to an airtight hole of the end face of the positioning block, pulling a pull rod leftwards by a machine tool, driving a piston disc and a piston to move leftwards by the pull rod to compress oil liquid in the clamp, and sequentially passing the oil liquid through an oil way system of the expansion body and the support body to enter the annular groove expansion sleeve, so that the workpiece is expanded;
step (2): introducing gas in the machine tool into an inner hole of the pull rod, wherein the gas passes through an airtight channel of the Morse cone, the expansion body, the support body, the expansion sleeve and the positioning block to reach the end face of the workpiece, and the end face of the workpiece is tightly attached to the positioning block to judge whether the gas leaks; if residual scrap iron or impurities exist on the positioning surface of the workpiece, gas can leak, and the machine tool can give an alarm, so that the airtight detection process is realized;
and (3): and (3) finishing the processes of the step (1) and the step (2), pushing a pull rod rightwards by the machine tool, driving a piston disc and a piston to move rightwards to suck oil in the clamp back, enabling the hydraulic oil in the oil way system of the expansion body and the support body to flow back, and gradually releasing the expansion sleeve so as to loosen the workpiece.
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| CN111451564B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2024-08-09 | 常州坤达焊接技术有限公司 | Expansion mechanism for inner stay bar of flat nose machine |
| CN112276256A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-29 | 重庆蓝黛传动机械有限公司 | Air tightness clamp for machining gear |
| CN112720009B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-03-29 | 江西鼎力旋压装备有限公司 | Automobile wheel hub anchor clamps with automated inspection function |
| CH717540B1 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2021-12-30 | Reishauer Ag | Modular clamping device for rotationally symmetrical bodies. |
| CN114290090B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-07-25 | 上海汽车变速器有限公司 | Transmission shell tensioning device |
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