CN110447643A - A kind of jamaicin fumicants and its application - Google Patents
A kind of jamaicin fumicants and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110447643A CN110447643A CN201910831636.3A CN201910831636A CN110447643A CN 110447643 A CN110447643 A CN 110447643A CN 201910831636 A CN201910831636 A CN 201910831636A CN 110447643 A CN110447643 A CN 110447643A
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- Prior art keywords
- jamaicin
- fumicants
- pipe tobacco
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of jamaicin fumicants and its applications.For the preparation method of the jamaicin fumicants the following steps are included: (1) extracts jamaicin from Cortex Phellodendri or the coptis with water or ethyl alcohol, filtering, concentration obtains the plant extraction liquid containing jamaicin；(2) it is impregnated pipe tobacco 2-6 hours with the plant extraction liquid containing jamaicin, jamaicin is adsorbed with pipe tobacco, obtains pipe tobacco jamaicin；(3) 60-70 DEG C of pipe tobacco jamaicin is dried or is dried, crushed, cross 60 meshes；(4) the pipe tobacco jamaicin after sieving is uniformly mixed with carrier, then combustion adjuvant, smoke agent, fuel mixing is added thereto, crushed, sieving obtains jamaicin fumicants.The fumicants can be used for the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control such as greenhouse crops gray mold, powdery mildew, and fumicants is efficient, time saving, saving of labor, applies conveniently, without using equipment such as machinery, without equal tedious steps are watered, especially to the area of water shortage with more Special Significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of jamaicin fumicants and its application, which can be used for greenhouse crops gray mold, powdery mildew etc.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Background technique
Jamaicin is also known as berberine, is a kind of quartermary ammonium alkaloids separated from the Chinese medicines such as the coptis, Cortex Phellodendri, barberry
C20H18NO4, it is the principle active component of above-mentioned plants antimicrobial, is yellow needles, bitter.It is distributed more widely in plant kingdom, about
Belonging to interior discovery with the presence of 4 sections 10 has this product.The fungies such as gray mold, powdery mildew, leaf mold can be effectively suppressed in jamaicin, and
The bacteriums such as pseudomonas syringae and Xanthomonas campestris.Mainly wettable powder, soluble concentrate and the aqua of jamaicin registration at present.
During greenhouse gardening vegetables, gray mold, powdery mildew etc. close moist environment and promote disease stream in greenhouse once falling ill
Row.At present to disease controls such as greenhouse gray molds, spray pesticide is generally used, and it is wet directly to increase air in greenhouse by spraying
Degree, spray water, which drips to vegetable surface, will increase the speed of germinating and intrusion chance of germ spore, have promotion to make disease
With.It can be reduced in greenhouse using the insecticide-applying way of smog or the humidity on plant surface, air humidity is avoided to increase and lead to disease
It aggravates.Smoke agent is efficient simultaneously, time saving, saving of labor, applies conveniently, special without the cumbersome step being watered without using equipment such as machinery
It is not to the area of water shortage with more special realistic meaning.
Common smoke agent in the market, the ingredient used are mainly chemical component, such as: Bravo, DDVP and isopropyl
The products such as prestige.Botanical pesticide prepares fumicants such as: patent document 1 (CN 106508978A, application number: 2016109265810) with
Cassia seed, Siberian cocklebur, Verbena officinalis, cortex cinnamomi, eupatorium, bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant preparation prevention and treatment ash
The fumicants of mildew；Patent document 2 (CN 106490025A, application number: 2016109265149) with monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba, Huang
Flower wormwood artemisia, black false hellebore, bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant prepare fumicants；Patent document 3
Tobacco leaf, castor pomace are directly pulverized sieving, oxidizer, combustion adjuvant etc. by (CN1260120A, application number: CN99100078.1)
Briquet, kindling are ignited smoke, are mainly used for preventing and treating the vegetable aphids such as plastic tent cucumber, simultaneous to control red spider and aleyrodid；Patent text
Offer 4 (CN 106490036A, application number: 2016109265806) with polygonum cuspidate, rheum officinale, Chinese yam, humid euphorbia, kadsura longepedunculata, bamboo charcoal powder,
Ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant are prepared；Patent document 5 (CN108294021A, application number:
201810100735X) host agent is kuh-seng-nicotine cream, and adjuvant includes sodium bicarbonate composition, modified sodium bicarbonate；Wherein
Sodium bicarbonate composition includes soybean oil residue, bean cake powder, sodium bicarbonate；Modified sodium bicarbonate is amido modified mesoporous silicon oxide
Load sodium bicarbonate.
85-86 DEG C of jamaicin fusing point, 354.2 DEG C of boiling point (760mmHg), 151.8 DEG C of flash-point.Fusing point is low to determine its preparation
Decomposition is easily burnt at fumicants.Jamaicin is not found for fumicants technology of preparing and method, is not found with pipe tobacco infiltration yet, is inhaled
Attached jamaicin, the document as combustion adjuvant and fire retardant.
Based on the above prior art, by Beijing City Education Commission's scientific research-Beijing's Natural Science Fund In The Light co-plan item
Mesh KZ201911417049, the strong school of the Beijing Union University talent preferably plan and emphasis research and development planning item in Hebei province's is subsidized and completed
The present invention.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of jamaicin fumicants, which can be used for greenhouse crops gray mold, powdery mildew
Etc. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of applications of jamaicin fumicants.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of jamaicin fumicants, the preparation method of the jamaicin fumicants the following steps are included:
(1) jamaicin is extracted from Cortex Phellodendri or the coptis with water or ethyl alcohol, filtered, concentration obtains the plant containing jamaicin and mentions
Liquid is taken, the mass percentage content of Berberine is 20-70%；
(2) with plant extraction liquid soaking at room temperature pipe tobacco 2-6 hours containing jamaicin, jamaicin is adsorbed with pipe tobacco, obtains pipe tobacco
Jamaicin；
(3) 60-70 DEG C of pipe tobacco jamaicin is dried or is dried, crushed, cross 60 meshes；
(4) the pipe tobacco jamaicin after sieving is uniformly mixed with carrier, then combustion adjuvant, smoke agent, fuel is added thereto
Mixing crushes, and crosses 60 meshes, obtains jamaicin fumicants.
The present invention infiltrates pipe tobacco with the extracting solution containing jamaicin, while pipe tobacco largely adsorbs jamaicin, adsorbs jamaicin
Pipe tobacco had both been used as adsorbent, smoke agent but also as fire proofing, and the nicotine ingredient in pipe tobacco can make insecticidal action again.Fumicants
Fuel applies sawdust (sawdust), coal dust, charcoal powder, starch, sucrose etc. more, and the present invention is using active carbon or sweet wormwood as fuel.
Select active carbon as fuel, while combust effect, also adsorbable grit reduces the discharge of the dust such as pm2.5.This hair
Carrier described in bright is sodium lignin sulfonate, diatomite or bentonite；The combustion adjuvant is aluminum nitrate, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate；
The smoke agent is ammonium chloride or artemisia annua.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of plant extraction liquid and pipe tobacco containing jamaicin is 1-10: 1.
In the step (4), by weight percentage, mixed proportion are as follows: pipe tobacco jamaicin 20-25%, carrier 8%-
30%, fuel 5%-20%, combustion adjuvant 40%-60%, smoke agent 5%-15%.
A kind of application of the jamaicin fumicants, for the prevention and treatment of greenhouse crops pest and disease damage such as gray mold, powdery mildew etc.,
Lighting fumicants at dusk, close plastic shed 8-12 hours.
The present invention has the advantages that
Since jamaicin fusing point is low, preventing jamaicin to be carbonized and (burn, is burnt, burning) is in emphasis of the invention
Hold, the present invention avoids jamaicin from being carbonized by following 3 kinds of technologies.(1) jamaicin is extracted by solvent, prepares extracting solution, mentions
The multicomponent in liquid is taken to avoid the direct exposure of jamaicin；(2) pipe tobacco is infiltrated with extracting solution, is adsorbed on jamaicin on pipe tobacco,
Pipe tobacco not only adsorbs, and plays combustion-supporting and fire retardation；(3) pipe tobacco jamaicin is first mixed with carrier, further to jamaicin packet
It wraps up in.Jamaicin can be effectively prevent to be carbonized when fumicants is made using preparation method of the invention.
Jamaicin fumicants of the invention can be used for the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control such as greenhouse crops gray mold, powdery mildew, the fumicants efficiently,
Time saving, saving of labor, application are convenient, without using equipment such as machinery, wait tedious steps without being watered, especially have more to the area of water shortage
Special Significance.The preparation method simple process of jamaicin fumicants of the invention, it is convenient, it is suitable for industrialized production and application.
Jamaicin fumicants of the invention meets combustion testing standard: easily lighting, the flames of anger, cigarette is dense and has impact force, fuel
It is greater than 1 minute without injection, uninterrupted, burning time of burning.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below by way of specific embodiment for 98% jamaicin, but the present invention is not limited to following
The content of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The 200g coptis is weighed, is crushed, 800mL water is added, 70 DEG C are extracted 1.5 hours, filtering, and 800mL water is added in filter residue
Continue to extract 1 hour, merging filtrate filters, and is concentrated under reduced pressure, is 56% with water constant volume barberry alkali concentration.Said extracted liquid and 25g
Pipe tobacco mixing, infiltrate 4 hours, 60 DEG C drying 12 hours, crush, mistake 60 meshes, obtain pipe tobacco jamaicin.20g pipe tobacco jamaicin is taken,
It is uniformly mixed with 10g sodium lignin sulfonate, sequentially adds 10g ammonium chloride, 10g sweet wormwood (crushing) mixing, 50g nitric acid is added
Aluminium.It crushes, crosses 60 meshes, obtain jamaicin fumicants product.
Embodiment 2
200g Cortex Phellodendri is weighed, is crushed, 50% ethyl alcohol of 800mL is added, 70 DEG C are extracted 1.5 hours, filtering, are added in filter residue
50% ethyl alcohol of 800mL continues to extract 1 hour, and merging filtrate filters, and is concentrated under reduced pressure, and is 32% with water constant volume barberry alkali concentration.
Said extracted liquid is mixed with 25g pipe tobacco, infiltrate 5 hours, 60 DEG C drying 12 hours, crush, mistake 60 meshes, obtain pipe tobacco jamaicin.
20g pipe tobacco jamaicin is taken, is uniformly mixed with wooden 15g bentonite, it is mixed to sequentially add 10g ammonium chloride, 15g active carbon (crushing)
It closes, 40g potassium chlorate is added.It crushes, crosses 60 meshes, obtain product.
Embodiment 3
The 200g coptis is weighed, is crushed, 60% ethyl alcohol of 800mL is added, 70 DEG C are extracted 1.5 hours, filtering, are added in filter residue
60% ethyl alcohol of 800mL continues to extract 1 hour, and merging filtrate filters, and is concentrated under reduced pressure, and is 45% with water constant volume barberry alkali concentration.
Said extracted liquid is mixed with 30g pipe tobacco, infiltrate 4 hours, 60 DEG C drying 12 hours, crush, mistake 60 meshes, obtain pipe tobacco jamaicin.
20g pipe tobacco jamaicin is taken, is uniformly mixed with wooden 30g diatomite, it is mixed to sequentially add 15g artemisia annua, 20g active carbon (crushing)
It closes, 45g potassium permanganate is added.It crushes, crosses 60 meshes, obtain jamaicin fumicants product.
Embodiment 4
The 200g coptis is weighed, is crushed, 35% ethyl alcohol of 800mL is added, 70 DEG C are extracted 1.5 hours, filtering, are added in filter residue
35% ethyl alcohol of 800mL continues to extract 1 hour, and merging filtrate filters, and is concentrated under reduced pressure, and is 66% with water constant volume barberry alkali concentration.
Said extracted liquid is mixed with 40g pipe tobacco, infiltrate 4 hours, 60 DEG C drying 12 hours, crush, mistake 60 meshes, obtain pipe tobacco jamaicin.
20g pipe tobacco jamaicin is taken, is uniformly mixed with wooden 30g bentonite, it is mixed to sequentially add 12g ammonium chloride, 15g active carbon (crushing)
It closes, 50g aluminum nitrate is added.It crushes, crosses 60 meshes, obtain jamaicin fumicants product.
Embodiment 5
The 200g coptis is weighed, is crushed, 75% ethyl alcohol of 800mL is added, 70 DEG C are extracted 1.5 hours, filtering, are added in filter residue
75% ethyl alcohol of 800mL continues to extract 1 hour, and merging filtrate filters, and is concentrated under reduced pressure, and is 40% with water constant volume barberry alkali concentration.
Said extracted liquid is mixed with 50g pipe tobacco, infiltrate 6 hours, 60 DEG C drying 12 hours, crush, mistake 60 meshes, obtain pipe tobacco jamaicin.
20g pipe tobacco jamaicin is taken, is uniformly mixed with wooden 28g sodium lignin sulfonate, 13g artemisia annua, 8g active carbon (powder are sequentially added
It is broken) mixing, 50g potassium permanganate is added.It crushes, crosses 60 meshes, obtain jamaicin fumicants product.
Embodiment 6
200g Cortex Phellodendri is weighed, is crushed, 25% ethyl alcohol of 800mL is added, 70 DEG C are extracted 1.5 hours, filtering, are added in filter residue
25% ethyl alcohol of 800mL continues to extract 1 hour, and merging filtrate filters, and is concentrated under reduced pressure, and is 35% with water constant volume barberry alkali concentration.
Said extracted liquid is mixed with 30g pipe tobacco, infiltrate 6 hours, 60 DEG C drying 12 hours, crush, mistake 60 meshes, obtain pipe tobacco jamaicin.
20g pipe tobacco jamaicin is taken, is uniformly mixed with wooden 28g diatomite, it is mixed to sequentially add 15g artemisia annua, 13g active carbon (crushing)
It closes, 50g potassium permanganate is added.It crushes, crosses 60 meshes, obtain jamaicin fumicants product.
Embodiment 7
Test carries out in Shijiazhuang City Luancheng tomato planting base, tests its drug effect to graw mold of tomato.5 medicines are set altogether
3 jamaicin fumicants prepared by agent processing, the respectively embodiment of the present invention 1,3,5,10% 800 times of jamaicin wettable powder liquid
For positive control, water is blank control (CK).With 1 greenhouse for 1 experimental plot, 2 repetitions.Cell takes completely random to arrange
Column.Respectively on May 6th, 2018, progress on May 20 chemicals treatment, fumicants is lighted or sprays 2 times, wherein fumicants at night 7:
00 lights, and 8:00 deflates within second day.May 25, every canopy examination East, West, South, North, in 5 points investigated with leaf, it is each point investigation
100 leaves record disease hazard degree at different levels by the state of an illness to disease scale.0 grade: disease-free spot on blade；1 grade: each blade
On have scab 1~2；3 grades: having scab 3~4 on each blade；5 grades: having scab 5~6 on each blade；7 grades: each
There is scab 7~10 or part scab to be connected on blade and account for leaf area 1/5 or so, 9 grades: have on each blade scab 10 with
On or scab be connected account for 1/4 or more leaf area, drug effect calculation method is as follows.
Table 1 is jamaicin soot foil technique graw mold of tomato result.The result shows that jamaicin fumicants has graw mold of tomato disease
Preferable control efficiency, no phytotoxicity occur, have no adverse effects to beneficial organism.Preventive effect of each embodiment of fumicants to graw mold of tomato
Higher than 10% jamaicin wettable powder.
1 jamaicin soot foil technique graw mold of tomato result of table
| Processing | Extension rate | Disease index | Average preventive effect |
| CK | Water | 37.64 | - |
| 10% jamaicin wettable powder | 800 | 12.67 | 67.32 |
| Embodiment 1 | -- | 8.55 | 78.62 |
| Embodiment 3 | -- | 10.33 | 72.35 |
| Embodiment 5 | -- | 8.01 | 79.29 |
Claims (5)
1. a kind of jamaicin fumicants, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the jamaicin fumicants the following steps are included:
(1) jamaicin is extracted from Cortex Phellodendri or the coptis with water or ethyl alcohol, filtered, concentration obtains the plant extraction liquid containing jamaicin；
(2) it is impregnated pipe tobacco 2-6 hours with the plant extraction liquid containing jamaicin, jamaicin is adsorbed with pipe tobacco, obtains pipe tobacco jamaicin；
(3) 60-70 DEG C of pipe tobacco jamaicin is dried or is dried, crushed, cross 60 meshes；
(4) the pipe tobacco jamaicin after sieving is uniformly mixed with carrier, then combustion adjuvant, smoke agent, fuel mixing is added thereto,
It crushes, sieving obtains jamaicin fumicants.
2. jamaicin fumicants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fuel is active carbon or sweet wormwood；The load
Body is sodium lignin sulfonate, diatomite or bentonite；The combustion adjuvant is aluminum nitrate, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate；The smoke agent
For ammonium chloride or artemisia annua.
3. jamaicin fumicants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2), the plant containing jamaicin is mentioned
Taking the mass ratio of liquid and pipe tobacco is 1-10: 1.
4. jamaicin fumicants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (4), by weight percentage,
Mixed proportion are as follows: pipe tobacco jamaicin 20-25%, carrier 8%-30%, fuel 5%-20%, combustion adjuvant 40%-60%, smoke agent
5%-15%.
5. a kind of application of any one of claim 1-4 jamaicin fumicants, which is characterized in that be used for greenhouse crops pest and disease damage
Prevention and treatment, lighting fumicants at dusk, close plastic shed 8-12 hours.
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| CN201910831636.3A CN110447643B (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | Berberine smoke agent and application thereof |
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| CN201910831636.3A CN110447643B (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | Berberine smoke agent and application thereof |
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