CN110447622B - Rail mounted tea garden profile modeling air-assisted spray test system - Google Patents
Rail mounted tea garden profile modeling air-assisted spray test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110447622B CN110447622B CN201910879164.9A CN201910879164A CN110447622B CN 110447622 B CN110447622 B CN 110447622B CN 201910879164 A CN201910879164 A CN 201910879164A CN 110447622 B CN110447622 B CN 110447622B
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 title description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000856 effect on pests Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000361 pesticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0003—Atomisers or mist blowers
- A01M7/0014—Field atomisers, e.g. orchard atomisers, self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
- A01M7/0096—Testing of spray-patterns
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The technology provides a track type tea garden profiling spray test system, which can run at a constant speed and stably at an adjusted running speed in a tea garden, and the spray width, the spray height and the spray direction are adjusted according to the characteristics of tea rows so as to test the spray droplet deposition effect or the spray effect of spray; including setting up at the subaerial track between tea garden row, move the support of setting on the track through support mobile device, move the lift slider that sets up on the support, link firmly the lift horizontal pole on the lift slider, swing the spraying pole frame that sets up on the lift horizontal pole, swing the swing arm of setting up the both ends at the short horizontal pole of spraying pole frame, the wind that sets up on the swing arm of following the longitudinal movement of swing arm send the shower nozzle, the export is passed through the hose on the support with be used for spouting the droplet and with the droplet send the shower nozzle to the wind of tea tree and communicate with each other by the water pump of main electronic box power supply under wind-force assistance, the inner chamber passes through the hose on the support and communicates with each other with the water pump import and have the water tank of volume scale.
Description
Technical Field
The technology relates to a spraying technology in the field of plant protection, and provides a track type tea garden profiling spraying test system which can run at a constant speed and stably at an adjusted running speed in a tea garden, and the spraying width, the spraying height and the spraying direction can be adjusted according to the row spacing, the crown height and the crown shape of tea rows so as to test the fog drop deposition effect or the spraying effect of low-volume spraying.
Background
At present, large-capacity leaching type spraying of conventional spraying is adopted for ground pesticide application in tea gardens, and the amount of pesticide applied per mu is 40L-70L, so that the loss of the pesticide, the environmental pollution and the water resource waste are caused, and the pesticide effect and the pesticide appliance operation efficiency are reduced.
The research shows that in pesticide spraying, good control effect can be achieved only by a certain fog drop coverage density, and the large-capacity spray mode is not needed to apply the pesticide. Researchers find through indoor and field experiments that when spraying a relatively small amount of pesticide fog drops, namely low-volume spraying, the control effect on pests can reach more than 80%, and the effect of increasing the fog drop coverage density, namely high-volume spraying, on improving the control effect is not obvious, and more causes the loss and waste of liquid medicine.
In recent years, development of spraying technology and equipment has led to low-volume spraying becoming the mainstream of pesticide spraying. With the gradual strictness of the pesticide residue limit standard of tea at home and abroad, low-volume spraying has become an important means for realizing the reduction pesticide application during the pest control of tea gardens.
In the prior art, aiming at tea garden spraying and pesticide application, a part of scholars utilize plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle and electrostatic sprayer to carry out low-capacity spraying operation of tea garden, experiments find that the unmanned aerial vehicle can realize low-capacity and ultra-low-capacity spraying, but the spraying pressure is unstable, the mist drop deposition uniformity is poor, accurate pesticide application is difficult to realize, and the electrostatic sprayer is mostly carried on the back manually, the uniformity of the spraying travelling speed cannot be guaranteed, less spraying and overspray are easy to cause, and the spraying effect is not ideal.
When the tea tree spray is applied, the spray head group is adjusted to achieve ideal spray distance and angle according to the shape information of the tea tree canopy, so that the low-capacity profiling spray on the ground is realized, and the pesticide utilization rate and the pest control effect are improved. In order to test the deposition performance of low-volume spray on the ground of a tea garden, a low-volume spray test is required to be carried out in the tea garden.
At present, a wheel type or crawler type travelling device is mostly adopted in a spraying system for realizing self-propelled spraying in a close planting dwarfing tea garden, a spray rod is easy to incline when travelling on uneven ground in the tea garden, the accuracy of the spraying height cannot be ensured, and profiling spraying of tea row positions and tea tree canopy contours is not realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical aim is to provide a track type tea garden profiling spray test system which can run at a constant speed and stably at an adjusted running speed in a tea garden, and the spray width, the spray height and the spray direction can be adjusted according to the row spacing, the crown height and the crown shape of tea rows so as to test the fog drop deposition effect or the spray effect of low-volume spray.
The aim of the technology is realized by the following technical scheme:
a track-type tea garden profiling air-assisted spraying test system comprises a track arranged on the ground between tea garden rows, a vertical support arranged on the track is moved by a support moving device, a main electric box arranged on a rack, a secondary electric box arranged on the track, a lifting sliding block arranged on the support is vertically moved by a sliding block lifting device, a lifting cross rod fixedly connected to the lifting sliding block, and a spraying rod frame arranged on the lifting cross rod is swung by a spraying rod frame swinging device; the spray rod frame with the symmetrical structure comprises a spray cross rod, a pair of support rods perpendicular to the spray cross rod and a short cross rod, wherein the support rods are arranged at the left end and the right end of the spray cross rod respectively along the longitudinal direction of the spray cross rod through a support rod moving device, and the short cross rod is arranged at the lower ends of two support rods in each pair of support rods in a moving way; the air-assisted spraying device is characterized by further comprising swing arms which are arranged at two ends of the short cross rod in a swinging way through a swing arm swinging device, the swinging plane is coplanar with the plane determined by the spraying cross rod and the supporting rod, an air-assisted spraying nozzle which is arranged on the swing arms and moves longitudinally along the swing arms, a water pump which is arranged on the support and is communicated with the air-assisted spraying nozzle through a hose and is powered by a main electric box, and a water tank which is arranged on the support and is communicated with an inlet of the water pump through a hose.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows:
when in use, the utility model is characterized in that:
according to the height of tea trees in the tea garden, the height of the lifting cross rod, namely the height of the spray rod frame, is adjusted through the sliding block lifting device;
according to the row spacing of the tea rows, the longitudinal positions of the two pairs of struts on the spray cross rod are adjusted through the strut moving device, namely, the longitudinal positions of the two short cross rods on the spray cross rod are adjusted;
according to the crown shape of the tea tree, an included angle between the swing arm and the short cross rod is adjusted through the swing arm swinging device; filling liquid medicine in a water tank, metering an initial scale, starting a water pump, pumping the liquid medicine in the water tank by the water pump, pressurizing, conveying the liquid medicine to a pneumatic conveying spray head through a hose, spraying and atomizing the liquid medicine through the spray head to form fog drops, and conveying the fog drops to tea trees under the assistance of wind power;
the bracket moving device drives the bracket to move on the track, and simultaneously spray and apply medicines to two rows of tea trees;
the spray width and spray direction determine the arc of the spray head set. The tea tree crown shape is matched, only the spray head installation interval and the spray head installation inclination angle are required to be changed, and the adjustment is convenient. The spray rod frame rotates to change the impact angle of the fog drops, and the influence of the impact angle on the deposition effect of the fog drops is studied.
After spraying is finished, the final scale of the water tank is read, and the difference between the initial scale and the final scale is the application rate of the tea tree subjected to the medicine, so that the application rate per mu is easy to calculate.
The track-type tea garden profiling spray test system can run at a constant speed and stably at an adjusted running speed in a tea garden, and the spray width, the spray height, the spray direction and the air-supply speed are adjusted according to the row spacing, the crown height and the crown shape of tea rows so as to test the spray drop deposition effect or the spray effect of low-volume spray.
The rail-type tea garden profiling spray test system comprises a bracket moving device, a driving toothed belt wheel, a driven toothed belt wheel and a tooth belt, wherein the rail sliding block is fixedly arranged below the bracket and forms a ground guide rail sliding block pair with a rail; the ground stepping motor control device comprises a ground stepping motor, an increment encoder, a driver power supply and a processor power supply, wherein the ground stepping motor is connected with the ground stepping motor, the increment encoder is used for acquiring information of the ground stepping motor and feeding the information back to the processor, the driver power supply is used for supplying power to the ground stepping motor, and the processor power supply is used for supplying power to the processor and the increment encoder.
The moving speed of the support on the track is convenient to adjust, the support moves at a constant speed at the adjusted moving speed, and the stability of the system is ensured.
The track tea garden profiling spray test system comprises a support guide rail arranged on a support in a vertical mode, a support supporting plate fixedly connected to the support, a support sliding block forming a support guide rail sliding block pair with the support guide rail, a nut hinged to the support sliding block, and a vertically arranged screw rod which is arranged in the support supporting plate and forms a screw-nut pair with the nut in a rotating mode, wherein the lifting motor is arranged on the support supporting plate and electrically connected with a main electric box; the spray rod frame swinging device comprises a spray rod frame hinged support fixedly arranged on the lifting cross rod, a hinged handle fixedly connected to the middle part of the spray cross rod, and a hinged connection pair is formed by the hinged handle and the hinged support through an angle adjusting bolt which is also used for locking the hinged handle on any target included angle with the hinged support; the support rod moving device comprises T-shaped grooves which are formed in the lower side of the spraying cross rod and the inner side of the short cross rod along the longitudinal direction of the spraying cross rod and the short cross rod, and angle codes which are formed by side plates and side plates which are fixedly connected to the side plates and are perpendicular to the side plates are fixedly connected with the support rods through connecting bolts and connecting holes formed in the support rods and the side plates, and the angle codes are respectively and movably connected with the spraying cross rod and the short cross rod through the T-shaped grooves and the connecting holes formed in the support rods and the side plates; the swing arm swinging device comprises a short cross rod hinged support fixedly arranged at two ends of the short cross rod, a swing arm hinged handle fixedly arranged at the upper end of the swing arm, and connecting sheets with connecting holes respectively arranged at two ends, wherein the swing arm hinged support is swung by using a hinged shaft and the swing arm hinged handle, and two ends of the connecting sheets are respectively hinged with the swing arm and the support rod by using a pin shaft and through pin holes respectively arranged at the middle parts of the swing arm and the support rod; the air-assisted spray nozzle comprises an air-assisted spray nozzle support provided with an air-assisted spray nozzle support slide block which is connected with a swing arm guide rail on a swing arm, a locking device which is arranged between the swing arm guide rail and the air-assisted spray nozzle support slide block and used for locking the air-assisted spray nozzle support at any target position on the swing arm, a spray nozzle which is arranged below the air-assisted spray nozzle support and is vertically downward from the swing arm, a fan which is arranged above the air-assisted spray nozzle support, is collinear with the spray nozzle axis and is electrically connected with a main electric box, and a fan motor is a brushless motor.
The track tea garden profiling spray test system further comprises a main hardware circuit which is arranged in the main electric box and used for adjusting working conditions of the water pump, the lifting motor and the fan, the main hardware circuit comprises an infrared receiving head which is used for receiving infrared signals emitted by the infrared remote controller, the infrared receiving head is electrically connected with a water pump relay which is electrically connected with the water pump, a lifting motor driver which is electrically connected with the lifting motor through the lifting motor relay, and a processor which is used for adjusting a voltage reducing module of the power supply voltage of the water pump to send pulse signals, the processor also sends PWM signals to an electronic speed regulator which is electrically connected with the fan, the lifting motor driver and the water pump are powered by the water pump power supply, and the water pump relay and the lifting motor relay are powered by the relay power supply.
The spray pressure and the air delivery speed are convenient to adjust.
The track tea garden profiling spray test system further comprises a pressure stabilizing tank which is connected with the water pump and the spray head in series and used for stabilizing the pressure in the hose, and a pressure gauge which is connected with the water pump and the pressure stabilizing tank in series and used for measuring the pressure in the hose.
The pressure stabilizing tank is arranged, so that the pressure in the hose is stabilized, and the pressure stabilizing tank is also used as an energy accumulator of a pipeline, so that the uniformity of spraying is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view angle 1 of a track-type low-capacity tea garden profiling air-assisted spray test system;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view angle 2 of a track-type low-capacity tea garden profiling air-assisted spray test system;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at B of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic view angle 3 of a track type low-capacity tea garden profiling air-assisted spray test system, wherein an included angle between a support rod and a bracket is 30 degrees;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at C of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at D of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view angle 4 of a track-type low-capacity tea garden profiling air-assisted spray test system;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view angle 5 of a track type low-capacity tea garden profiling air-assisted spray test system, wherein an included angle between a support rod and a bracket is 0 degrees;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a secondary hardware circuit;
fig. 11 is a block diagram of a main hardware circuit.
Detailed Description
The present technology is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1-9, a track type low-capacity tea garden profiling air-assisted spray test system comprises a track 30 arranged on the ground between tea garden rows, a vertical support 12 arranged on the track 30, a main electric box 10 arranged on a rack 12, a secondary electric box 25 arranged on the track 30, a lifting slide block 14 arranged on the support 12 through vertical movement of a slide block lifting device, a lifting cross rod 32 fixedly connected on the lifting slide block 14, and a spray rod frame 2 arranged on the lifting cross rod 32 through swing of a spray rod frame swing device; the spray bar frame 2 with symmetrical structure comprises a spray bar 201, a pair of support bars 3 which are arranged at the left end and the right end of the spray bar 201 and are perpendicular to the spray bar 201 respectively by a support bar moving device along the longitudinal direction of the spray bar 201, and a short cross bar 202 which is arranged at the lower ends of the two support bars 3 in each pair of support bars; the spray gun also comprises swing arms 5 which are arranged at two ends of the short cross rod 202 through swing arm swinging devices in a swinging way, the swinging plane is coplanar with the plane determined by the spray cross rod 201 and the support rods 3, an air delivery nozzle which is arranged on the swing arms 5 and moves along the longitudinal direction of the swing arms 5, a water pump 8 which is arranged on the support 12, is communicated with the air delivery nozzle through a hose and is powered by the main electric box 10, and a water tank 11 which is arranged on the inner cavity of the support 12, is communicated with the inlet of the water pump through a hose (not shown in the figure) and is provided with volume scales (not shown in the figure).
The support 12 is a rectangular space truss structure. The rails 30 are arranged in parallel, and a ground support 27 is arranged between the rails 30 and the ground in a lining manner to serve as a mounting foundation of the rails 30.
The fixing plate 9 is fixedly connected to the bracket 12 to serve as a mounting base for mounting the water pump 8.
The bracket moving device comprises a rail slide block 29 which is fixedly arranged below the bracket 12 and forms a ground guide rail slide block pair with a rail 30, a ground stepping motor 26 which is electrically connected with a secondary electric box 25 drives and rotates a driving toothed belt wheel 24 arranged on the right end of the rail 30, driven toothed belt wheels 35 and 36 respectively arranged on the left ends of the rail slide block 29 and the rail 30, and a toothed belt 28 which is arranged on the driving toothed belt wheel 24 and all the driven toothed belt wheels 35 and 36 in a surrounding manner.
In specific implementation, the ground stepping motor 26 fixed on the ground support frame 27 drives the driving toothed belt wheel shaft 23 to rotate through a speed reducer (not shown in the figure) and is arranged in the bearing seat 22 fixed on the ground support frame 27, and the driving toothed belt wheel 24 is fixed in the middle of the driving toothed belt wheel shaft 23. The arrangement of the driven toothed pulleys 35, 36 on the left ends of the track slider 29 and the track 30 is in communication with the arrangement of the driving toothed pulley 24 on the ground support 27, and will not be described again. The driving toothed pulley 24 and all driven toothed pulleys 35, 36 are in meshing engagement with one toothed belt 28. The line connecting the driving toothed pulley 24 and the driven toothed pulley shaft on which the driven toothed pulley 36 is mounted is lower than the driven toothed pulley shaft on which the driven toothed pulley 35 is mounted, to ensure reliable engagement of the toothed belt 28 with the driven toothed pulley 35.
Referring again to fig. 10, the stand moving apparatus further includes a sub hardware circuit provided in the sub electric box 25 for adjusting the operation of the ground stepping motor 26, the sub hardware circuit including a processor for transmitting a pulse signal to a ground stepping motor driver electrically connected to the ground stepping motor, an incremental encoder for collecting information of the ground stepping motor and feeding the information back to the processor, a driver power supply for supplying power to the ground stepping motor driver, and a processor power supply for supplying power to the processor and the incremental encoder.
The method comprises the following steps:
the processor selects STM32 processor, the driver selects 48V power, the processor selects 5V power, and the frame moving target speed is 1.6m/s.
The STM32 processor controls the rotating speed of the ground stepping motor by controlling the frequency of sending pulses to the ground motor driver, and the horizontal guide rail slide block is started, stopped and moved forward and backward by a key. 48 The V power supply supplies power to the ground motor driver and the 5V power supply supplies power to the STM32 processor and the incremental encoder.
The slider lifting device comprises a support rail 31 arranged on a support 12 in a vertical manner, a support supporting plate 121 fixedly connected to the support 12, a support slider 14 forming a support rail slider pair with the support rail 31, a nut (not shown in the figure) hinged to the support slider 14, and a vertically arranged screw rod 13 which is arranged in the support supporting plate 121 and forms a screw rod nut pair with the nut in a driving manner driven by a lifting motor 15 arranged on the support 12 and electrically connected with the main electric box 10.
The spray rod frame swinging device comprises a spray rod frame hinged support 37 fixedly arranged on the lifting cross rod 32, a hinged handle 34 fixedly connected to the middle part of the spray cross rod 201, and a hinged pair formed by the hinged handle 34 and the hinged support 37 through an angle adjusting bolt 33 which is also used for locking the hinged handle 34 on any target included angle with the hinged support 37.
The adjustable angle adjusting range of the spray rod frame, namely the adjustable range of the included angle between the support rod 3 and the bracket 12 is 0-180 degrees.
The strut moving means comprises a T-shaped groove 203 formed on the lower side of the spray cross bar 201 and the inner side of the short cross bar 202 along the longitudinal direction of the spray cross bar 201 and the short cross bar 202, a corner bracket 21 formed by a side plate 211 and a side plate 212 fixedly connected on the side plate 211 and perpendicular to the side plate 211, the corner bracket 21 is fixedly connected with the strut 3 by using a connecting bolt 20 through connecting holes formed on the strut 3 and the side plate 211, and the corner bracket 21 is movably connected with the spray cross bar 201 and the short cross bar 202 by using a T-shaped bolt 213 through the T-shaped groove 203 and connecting holes formed on the strut 3 and the side plate 212.
When the axial position of the pair of support rods 3 on the side of the adjusting track 30 on the spray cross bar 201, namely the spray width on the side of the adjusting track 30, is adjusted, the T-shaped bolts 213 positioned at the top end corner brackets 21 of the two support rods 3 are loosened, the pair of support rods 3 axially move along the spray cross bar 201 through the T-shaped bolts 213 and the T-shaped grooves 203 to a target position, and then the T-shaped bolts 213 are locked to fix the pair of support rods 3 at the target position.
The swing arm swinging device comprises a short cross rod hinged support 19 fixedly arranged at two ends of a short cross rod 202, a swing arm hinged handle 501 fixedly arranged at the upper end of a swing arm 5, a connecting sheet 17 with connecting holes respectively arranged at two ends, a hinge shaft 18 and the swing arm hinged handle 501 are arranged on the short cross rod hinged support 19 in a swinging mode, and the upper end and the lower end of the connecting sheet 17 are respectively hinged with the swing arm 5 and the support rod 3 through pin holes respectively arranged at the middle parts of the swing arm 5 and the support rod 3 by using pin shafts 16 and 161.
When the inclination angle of one swing arm 5 relative to the spray cross rod 201 is adjusted, T-shaped bolts 213 on corner brackets 21 at the upper end and the lower end of one supporting rod 3 close to the swing arm 5 are loosened, the supporting rod 3 is moved along the spray cross rod 201, the distance from a pin 161 to the T-shaped bolts 213 is changed to adjust the inclination angle of the connecting piece 17, namely, the inclination angle of the swing arm 5 relative to the spray cross rod 201 is changed, and when the inclination angle of the swing arm 5 relative to the spray cross rod 201 is the target angle, the T-shaped bolts 213 at the two positions are locked to fix the swing arm 5.
The angle adjusting range of each swing arm 5, namely the adjustable range of the included angle between the swing arm 5 and the short cross bar 202 is 0-270 degrees.
The air-blowing nozzle comprises an air-blowing nozzle bracket 503 which is provided with an air-blowing nozzle bracket slide block (not shown in the figure) forming a guide rail slide block pair with a swing arm guide rail 502 arranged on a swing arm 5, a locking device (not shown in the figure) which is arranged between the swing arm guide rail 502 and the air-blowing nozzle bracket slide block and is used for locking the air-blowing nozzle bracket 503 at any target position on the swing arm 5, a nozzle 6 which is arranged below the air-blowing nozzle bracket 503 and is vertically downward from the swing arm 5, a fan 4 which is arranged above the air-blowing nozzle bracket 503, is collinear with the axis of the nozzle 6 and is electrically connected with a main electric box 10, and a fan motor is a brushless motor.
The number of the air delivery nozzles arranged on each swing arm 5 can be selected according to the requirement, and in the illustration, one set of air delivery nozzles are arranged on each swing arm 5.
The track type low-capacity tea garden profiling spray test system further comprises a pressure stabilizing tank 1 which is connected with the water pump 8 and the spray head 6 in series and used for stabilizing the pressure in the hose, and a pressure gauge 7 which is connected with the water pump 8 and the pressure stabilizing tank 1 in series and used for measuring the pressure in the hose.
Referring to fig. 11 again, the track-type low-capacity tea garden profiling spray test system further comprises a main hardware circuit (not shown in the figure) which is arranged in the main electric box 10 and used for adjusting working conditions of the water pump 8, the lifting motor 15 and the fan 4, the main hardware circuit comprises an infrared receiving head which is used for receiving infrared signals emitted by the infrared remote controller, the infrared receiving head is electrically connected with the infrared receiving head and used for sending pulse signals to a water pump relay which is electrically connected with the water pump 8, a lifting motor driver which is electrically connected with the lifting motor 15 through the lifting motor relay, and a processor which is used for sending pulse signals to a voltage reducing module which is used for adjusting power supply voltage of the water pump 15, the processor also sends PWM signals to an electronic speed regulator which is electrically connected with the fan 4, the lifting motor driver and the water pump 8 are powered by a water pump power supply, and the water pump relay and the lifting motor relay are powered by a relay power supply.
In the scheme, an STM32 processor is selected as a processor, a water pump relay is a relay 1, a lifting motor relay is a relay 2, an electronic speed regulator is an electronic speed regulator 1, an electronic speed regulator 2, an electronic speed regulator 3 and an electronic speed regulator 4 which are respectively and electrically connected with four fans, a 12V power supply is selected as a water pump power supply, and a 5V power supply is selected as a relay power supply.
The infrared remote controller transmits infrared control signals, and the STM32 processor receives signal instructions through the infrared signal receiving head to control spraying and air quantity and lead screw slider guide rail circuit system. The STM32 processor realizes spray opening and closing and pressure adjustment through controlling the relay 2, and the depressurization module realizes spray pressure adjustment through adjusting the voltage of the 12V power supply water pump. The STM32 processor controls the relay 1 to realize the opening and closing of the electronic speed regulator, and simultaneously realizes the rotation speed regulation of the 4 brushless motors by controlling the frequency of sending PWM signals to the electronic speed regulator. The STM32 processor controls the rotating speed of the stepping motor by controlling the frequency of sending pulses to the lifting motor driver, and the vertical guide rail sliding block is started, stopped and moved forward and backward through the keys. 12 The V power supply supplies power to the electronic speed regulator, the water pump and the lifting motor driver, and the 5V power supply supplies power to the STM32 processor, the relay 1 and the relay 2.
When in use, the utility model is characterized in that:
according to the height of tea trees in the tea garden, the height of the lifting cross rod, namely the height of the spray rod frame, is adjusted through the sliding block lifting device;
according to the row spacing of the tea rows, the longitudinal positions of the two pairs of struts on the spray cross rod are adjusted through the strut moving device, namely, the longitudinal positions of the two short cross rods on the spray cross rod are adjusted;
according to the crown shape of the tea tree, an included angle between the swing arm and the short cross rod is adjusted through the swing arm swinging device;
filling liquid medicine in a water tank, metering an initial scale, starting a water pump, pumping the liquid medicine in the water tank by the water pump, conveying the liquid medicine to a pneumatic conveying spray head through a hose, stabilizing the pressure by a pressure stabilizing tank, spraying and atomizing the liquid medicine by the spray head to form fog drops, and conveying the fog drops to tea trees under the assistance of wind power;
the bracket moving device drives the bracket to move on the track, and simultaneously spray and apply medicines to two rows of tea trees;
after spraying is finished, the final scale of the water tank is read, and the difference between the initial scale and the final scale is the application rate of the tea tree for applying the pesticide, so that the application rate per mu is easy to calculate.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows:
the track type low-capacity tea garden profiling spray test system can run at a constant speed and stably at an adjusted running speed in the tea garden, and the spray width, the spray height, the spray direction and the air conveying speed are adjusted according to the row spacing, the crown height and the crown shape of tea rows so as to test the spray drop deposition effect of low-capacity spray.
The track type low-capacity tea garden profiling spray test system is simple in structure, stable in operation and convenient to use.
Claims (5)
1. A track type tea garden profiling air-assisted spraying test system is characterized by comprising a track arranged on the ground between tea garden rows, a vertical support arranged on the track is moved by a support moving device, a main electric box arranged on a rack, an auxiliary electric box arranged on the track, a lifting sliding block arranged on the support is vertically moved by a sliding block lifting device, a lifting cross rod fixedly connected with the lifting sliding block, and a spraying rod support arranged on the lifting cross rod is swung by a spraying rod support swinging device; the spray rod frame with the symmetrical structure comprises a spray cross rod, a pair of support rods perpendicular to the spray cross rod and a short cross rod, wherein the support rods are arranged at the left end and the right end of the spray cross rod respectively along the longitudinal direction of the spray cross rod through a support rod moving device, and the short cross rod is arranged at the lower ends of two support rods in each pair of support rods in a moving way; the device comprises a short transverse rod, a spray transverse rod, a swing arm swinging device, a swing plane, a wind conveying spray head, a water pump, a water tank and a water pump inlet, wherein the swing arm swinging device swings the swing arm which is arranged at two ends of the short transverse rod and is coplanar with the plane determined by the spray transverse rod and the support rod, the wind conveying spray head is arranged on the swing arm and moves longitudinally along the swing arm, the wind conveying spray head is arranged on the support, an outlet of the wind conveying spray head is communicated with the wind conveying spray head for spraying mist drops and conveying the mist drops to tea trees under the assistance of wind power through a hose, and the water pump is powered by a main electric box, and an inner cavity of the water tank is arranged on the support and is communicated with the water pump inlet through the hose.
2. The track-type tea garden profiling air-assisted spray test system according to claim 1, wherein the bracket moving device comprises a track slide block fixedly arranged below the bracket and forming a ground guide rail slide block pair with the track, a driving toothed belt wheel arranged at one end of the track and driven toothed belt wheels respectively arranged at the other end of the track and the track slide block in a rotating manner and a toothed belt encircling the driving toothed belt wheel and all the driven toothed belt wheels, wherein the driving toothed belt wheel is driven by a ground stepping motor electrically connected with the auxiliary electric box; the ground stepping motor control device comprises a ground stepping motor, an increment encoder, a driver power supply and a processor power supply, wherein the ground stepping motor is connected with the ground stepping motor, the increment encoder is used for acquiring information of the ground stepping motor and feeding the information back to the processor, the driver power supply is used for supplying power to the ground stepping motor, and the processor power supply is used for supplying power to the processor and the increment encoder.
3. The track-type tea garden profiling air-assisted spray test system according to claim 1, wherein the slide block lifting device comprises a support guide rail arranged on a support and vertically arranged, a support supporting plate fixedly connected to the support, a support sliding block forming a support guide rail sliding block pair with the support guide rail, a nut hinged on the support sliding block, and a vertically arranged screw rod which is arranged in the support supporting plate and forms a screw-nut pair with the nut and is driven by a lifting motor arranged on the support supporting plate and electrically connected with the main electric box; the spray rod frame swinging device comprises a spray rod frame hinged support fixedly arranged on the lifting cross rod, a hinged handle fixedly connected to the middle part of the spray cross rod, and a hinged connection pair is formed by the hinged handle and the hinged support through an angle adjusting bolt which is also used for locking the hinged handle on any target included angle with the hinged support; the support rod moving device comprises T-shaped grooves which are formed in the lower side of the spraying cross rod and the inner side of the short cross rod along the longitudinal direction of the spraying cross rod and the short cross rod, and angle codes which are formed by side plates and side plates which are fixedly connected to the side plates and are perpendicular to the side plates are fixedly connected with the support rods through connecting bolts and connecting holes formed in the support rods and the side plates, and the angle codes are respectively and movably connected with the spraying cross rod and the short cross rod through the T-shaped grooves and the connecting holes formed in the support rods and the side plates; the swing arm swinging device comprises a short cross rod hinged support fixedly arranged at two ends of the short cross rod, a swing arm hinged handle fixedly arranged at the upper end of the swing arm, and connecting sheets with connecting holes respectively arranged at two ends, wherein the swing arm hinged support is swung by using a hinged shaft and the swing arm hinged handle, and two ends of the connecting sheets are respectively hinged with the swing arm and the support rod by using a pin shaft and through pin holes respectively arranged at the middle parts of the swing arm and the support rod; the air-assisted spray nozzle comprises an air-assisted spray nozzle support provided with an air-assisted spray nozzle support slide block which is connected with a swing arm guide rail on a swing arm, a locking device which is arranged between the swing arm guide rail and the air-assisted spray nozzle support slide block and used for locking the air-assisted spray nozzle support at any target position on the swing arm, a spray nozzle which is arranged below the air-assisted spray nozzle support and is vertically downward from the swing arm, a fan which is arranged above the air-assisted spray nozzle support, is collinear with the spray nozzle axis and is electrically connected with a main electric box, and a fan motor is a brushless motor.
4. The track-type tea garden profiling wind-driven spray test system according to claim 1 or 3, further comprising a main hardware circuit arranged in the main electric box and used for adjusting working conditions of the water pump, the lifting motor and the fan, wherein the main hardware circuit comprises an infrared receiving head used for receiving infrared signals emitted by the infrared remote controller, the infrared receiving head is electrically connected with a water pump relay electrically connected with the water pump, a lifting motor driver electrically connected with the lifting motor through the lifting motor relay, and a processor used for sending pulse signals to a voltage reducing module for adjusting power supply voltage of the water pump, the processor also sends PWM signals to an electronic speed regulator electrically connected with the fan, the lifting motor driver and the water pump are powered by the water pump power supply, and the water pump relay and the lifting motor relay are powered by the relay power supply.
5. The track-type tea garden profiling pneumatic conveying spray test system according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure stabilizing tank connected in series with the hose communicating the water pump and the spray head and used for stabilizing the pressure in the hose, and a pressure gauge connected in series with the hose communicating the water pump and the pressure stabilizing tank and used for measuring the pressure in the hose.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910879164.9A CN110447622B (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Rail mounted tea garden profile modeling air-assisted spray test system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910879164.9A CN110447622B (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Rail mounted tea garden profile modeling air-assisted spray test system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110447622A CN110447622A (en) | 2019-11-15 |
| CN110447622B true CN110447622B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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| CN201910879164.9A Active CN110447622B (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Rail mounted tea garden profile modeling air-assisted spray test system |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11299409A (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-11-02 | Ochiai Hamono Kogyo Kk | Sulky working machine for tea garden |
| CN108849830A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏大学 | A kind of automatic profiling spraying machine suitable for citrus orcharding shape |
| CN210538419U (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-05-19 | 南京林业大学 | Rail mounted tea garden profile modeling wind send spraying test system |
-
2019
- 2019-09-18 CN CN201910879164.9A patent/CN110447622B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11299409A (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-11-02 | Ochiai Hamono Kogyo Kk | Sulky working machine for tea garden |
| CN108849830A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏大学 | A kind of automatic profiling spraying machine suitable for citrus orcharding shape |
| CN210538419U (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-05-19 | 南京林业大学 | Rail mounted tea garden profile modeling wind send spraying test system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110447622A (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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