CN110447354B - Mechanical pneumatic universal seed discharging method - Google Patents
Mechanical pneumatic universal seed discharging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110447354B CN110447354B CN201910842764.8A CN201910842764A CN110447354B CN 110447354 B CN110447354 B CN 110447354B CN 201910842764 A CN201910842764 A CN 201910842764A CN 110447354 B CN110447354 B CN 110447354B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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Abstract
A mechanical pneumatic universal seeding method comprises the following steps: a seed discharging roller is arranged on the rack, seed strip mounting grooves are equidistantly formed in the outer wall of the seed discharging roller, mounting spaces are hollowed in the middle of the seed strip mounting grooves, a seed discharging hole is formed in the bottom of each seed strip mounting groove, and the seed discharging holes penetrate through the seed strip mounting grooves and are communicated with the mounting spaces; seed discharging strips are respectively arranged in the various strip mounting grooves in a sliding manner, a row of seed discharging holes matched with seeds to be sowed are formed in the seed discharging strips, and the seed discharging holes in the various strip mounting grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed discharging holes in the seed discharging strips arranged in the various strip mounting grooves; one end of each strip mounting groove is provided with an open port, and a strip replacing port is arranged on the rack corresponding to the open port; filling seeds into the seed discharging holes of the seed discharging strips in sequence by using the seed charging box; blowing out seeds exceeding the seeding quantity of the seed holes in each seed discharging hole by using a seed cleaning air blowing system; the seed protecting plate is used for protecting and conveying the seeds after seed cleaning to a seed unloading position; at the seed unloading position, the seed discharging air blowing system blows seeds into the seed holes to realize seed discharging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seeding apparatus of a seeder, in particular to a mechanical pneumatic universal seeding method.
Background
The seed metering device is a main working part of the seeder, and the seeding level of the seeder is determined by the quality of the seed metering device. At present, a mechanical seed sowing device and a pneumatic seed sowing device are mainly used, but the existing mechanical seed sowing device has low seed sowing precision, is easy to damage seeds and has poor adaptability to seeds, and although the pneumatic seed sowing device has high seed sowing precision, the pneumatic seed sowing device has high requirement on sealing performance and low working reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and provide a mechanical pneumatic universal seeding method which cannot damage seeds and has low sealing requirement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a mechanical pneumatic universal seeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a seed sowing roller which rotates around a horizontal central line is arranged on a frame of the seed sowing device,
seed bar mounting grooves are equidistantly formed in the outer wall of the seed metering roller, mounting spaces are hollowed in the middle of the seed bar mounting grooves, and a seed discharging hole is formed in the bottom of each seed bar mounting groove, penetrates through each seed bar mounting groove and is communicated with the mounting spaces;
seed discharging strips are respectively arranged in the various strip mounting grooves in a sliding manner, a row of seed discharging holes matched with seeds to be sowed are formed in the seed discharging strips, and the seed discharging holes in the various strip mounting grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed discharging holes in the seed discharging strips arranged in the various strip mounting grooves;
one end of each strip mounting groove is provided with an open port, and a strip replacing port is arranged on the rack corresponding to the open port;
filling seeds into the seed discharging holes of the seed discharging strips in sequence by using the seed charging box;
blowing out seeds exceeding the sowing quantity of the seed holes in each seed sowing hole by using a first air nozzle of the seed cleaning air blowing system;
the seed protection plate is used for protecting and conveying the seeds in the seed sowing holes after seed cleaning to a seed unloading position;
at the seed unloading position, blowing the seeds after seed clearing to a seed hole by a second air nozzle of the seed discharging air blowing system through an inoculation cup to realize seed discharging;
when a second seed needs to be sowed, the seed metering strips in the seed metering strip mounting grooves are sequentially replaced through the seed strip replacing openings, and the seed metering holes in the replaced seed metering strips are matched with the second seed.
The invention designs the seed metering strips with different seed metering holes by combining the biological characteristics of crop seeds, and embeds the seed metering strips into the seed metering groove, the bottom of the seed metering groove is provided with a seed discharging hole aligned with the seed metering hole, thereby the flexible filling and discharging of the seeds can be completed by using a pneumatic system (a seed cleaning air blowing system and a seed metering air blowing system), the seeds are not broken and damaged, and the reliable seed metering is realized.
When the plant spacing needs to be adjusted, partial seed metering strips in the seed strip mounting groove are replaced by seed metering strips without seed metering holes, so that the seed metering strips with the seed metering holes are evenly distributed on the seed metering roller.
Above-mentioned one embodiment does, the periphery of seed metering cylinder sets gradually along the direction of rotation and fills a plurality of first air cocks of kind seed box, clear kind of air-blowing system, protects the seed board and is located the inoculation cup that unloads kind of position, set up the second air cock of seed metering air-blowing system in the installation space of seed metering cylinder, and fill the seed box fill kind of a mouth and the seed metering hole intercommunication of some seed metering strip, the seed metering hole one-to-one setting on a plurality of first air cocks and the seed metering strip, the seed unloading hole one-to-one setting on a plurality of second air cocks and a kind of mounting groove, the inoculation cup sets up in the below of the seed metering mounting groove that a plurality of second air cocks correspond.
Furthermore, a seed collecting and distributing box for collecting the seeds cleaned from the seed discharging holes is arranged below the seed discharging roller.
Furthermore, a photoelectric sensing device for detecting the discharge amount of the seeds is arranged below the inoculation cup and is connected with a single chip microcomputer so as to automatically count the number of the discharged seeds.
The seed metering device is characterized in that sliding grooves are formed in the groove walls on the two sides of the seed bar mounting groove, corresponding sliding strips are arranged on the two sides of the seed metering bar, and the sliding strips of the seed metering bar are sleeved in the sliding grooves of the seed bar mounting groove in a sliding mode.
The seed discharging hole is a tapered hole, and the large end of the seed discharging hole is arranged opposite to the second air nozzle.
When the seed metering hole is used for small-particle-size seeds, the seed metering hole comprises a first section and a second section which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the first section and the second section are conical holes, the small ends of the first section and the second section are connected, the large end of the second section is adjacent to the small end of the seed unloading hole, and the large end diameter of the second section is equal to the small end diameter of the seed unloading hole.
The seed discharging hole is a conical hole, the small end of the seed discharging hole is opposite to the small end of the seed discharging hole, and the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole is equal to the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole.
Furthermore, a cover body is arranged on the seed strip replacing opening to ensure the sealing of the rack, so that the cleaned seeds cannot fly out of the rack.
Furthermore, the bottom of the distribution seed box is provided with a clamping strip capable of opening the distribution seed box, and the clamping strip is in a step shape capable of being installed in and pulled out of the distribution seed box, so that seeds collected in the distribution seed box are cleaned conveniently, or the operation of returning the seeds to the seed filling seed box is realized.
Furthermore, one end of the seed sowing roller is provided with a chain wheel for power input.
Furthermore, unload the hole for the taper hole, just the big end of unloading the hole sets up for the second air cock to it is more concentrated to make the air current of unloading kind, more does benefit to and unloads kind.
The seed discharging hole is a conical hole, the small end of the seed discharging hole is opposite to the small end of the seed discharging hole, and the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole is equal to the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole, so that the seed discharging airflow can directly enter the seed discharging hole without being damaged and lost for seed discharging.
When being used for the small-particle size seed, the seed metering hole includes first section and the second section that sets gradually from outside to inside, and first section and second section all are the taper hole, and the tip of first section and second section is connected, the main aspects of second section with the tip of unloading the hole is adjacent to be set up, and the main aspects of second section footpath equals the tip bore of unloading the hole to the air current of unloading that does benefit to the small-particle size seed can be used for unloading the kind better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for practicing the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion structure of an apparatus embodying the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an exploded isometric view of the assembly of the feed roller and feed bar of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a detail view of a seed metering strip according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view showing the construction of the seed roller of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a seed metering roller of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a partial schematic structural view of the seed cleaning and air blowing system of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the cover body according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing the position of the seed holes of the seed metering strip of the present invention, wherein a is a seed metering strip suitable for conventional-sized seeds, b is a seed metering strip suitable for small-sized seeds, and c is a seed metering strip without seed holes.
Fig. 11 is an exploded view of an apparatus embodying the present invention.
In the figure: 1. filling a seed box; 2. a seed roller; 3. a seed cleaning air blowing system; 4. protecting the seed plate; 5. collecting and distributing seed boxes; 6. a seed metering air-blowing system; 7. inoculating cups; 8. a photoelectric sensing device; 9. clamping the strip; 10. a frame; 11. a cover body; 12. seed metering strips; 13. a sprocket; 14. a seed strip replacing port; 21. a barrel; 22. a seed strip mounting groove; 23. an installation space; 31. a first air supply duct; 32. a first air tap; 61. a second air supply duct; 62. a second air tap; 121. a seed discharge hole; 122. a slide bar; 221. unloading the seed holes; 222. an open port; 223. a chute; 1211. a first stage; 1212. and a second section.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-11, an implementation device of the mechanical pneumatic universal seeding method of the present invention includes a seed charging box 1, a seeding roller 2, a seed cleaning air-blowing system 3, a seed collecting and distributing box 5, a seeding air-blowing system 6, an inoculation cup 7, and a photoelectric sensing device 8, which are arranged in a frame 10.
The seed metering roller 2 comprises a roller body 21 connected with the frame 10 through a bearing, the inner cavity of the roller body 21 is hollow, a plurality of seed bar mounting grooves 22 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the roller body, a plurality of seed discharging holes 221 penetrating through the roller body 21 are formed in the bottom of the seed bar mounting grooves 22, and one end of each seed bar mounting groove 22 is provided with an open port 222.
The seed filling box 1 is arranged above the seed sowing roller 2, the seed collecting and distributing box 5 is arranged at one side of the seed sowing roller 2, and the lower part of the seed filling box 1 is communicated with one or more seed strip mounting grooves 22. The bottom of the collecting and distributing seed box 5 is provided with a clamping strip 9 in a sliding manner, when seeds in the collecting and distributing seed box 5 are accumulated to a certain height, the clamping strip 9 can be taken out, and the scattered seeds in the collecting and distributing seed box 5 are collected and put back to the seed box 1 for continuous seed filling.
The seed sowing bar 12 is arranged in the seed sowing bar mounting groove 22, a plurality of seed sowing holes 121 are formed in the seed sowing bar 12, and the seed sowing holes 121 and the seed discharging holes 222 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The groove walls at two sides of the seed strip mounting groove 22 are provided with sliding grooves 223, the outer side of the seed strip 12 is provided with a sliding strip 122, the sliding strip 122 of the seed strip 12 is sleeved on the sliding groove 223 in a sliding manner, so that the seed strip 12 can slide relative to the seed strip mounting groove 22 through the guidance of the sliding grooves 223 and the sliding strip 122 and is drawn out from the open port 222 of the seed strip mounting groove 22.
The seed cleaning air blowing system 3 comprises a first air supply pipeline 31, the first air supply pipeline 31 is arranged above the cylinder 21 and is positioned between the seed charging box 1 and the seed collecting and distributing box 5, a plurality of first air nozzles 32 are arranged at the bottom of the first air supply pipeline 31, and the first air nozzles 32 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the seed sowing holes 121, so that the seed cleaning is realized efficiently.
The seed cup 7 is used as a channel for the seed hole 121 and a seed hole in the farmland. The inoculation cups 7 are positioned below the cylinder body 21, and a plurality of inoculation cups 7 are arranged and are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed discharging holes 121 above the inoculation cups. The lower end of the inoculation cup 7 is provided with a photoelectric sensing device 8, and the photoelectric sensing device 8 is connected with the single chip microcomputer to calculate the seed discharge capacity.
The seed discharging air blowing system 6 comprises a second air supply pipeline 61 arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder 21, a plurality of second air nozzles 62 are arranged at the bottom of the second air supply pipeline, the second air nozzles 62 are arranged downwards and are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed discharging holes 221 and the seed discharging holes 121 below the second air nozzles 62, so that the seed can be discharged efficiently.
The seed protection plate 4 is arranged outside the seed discharging roller 2 between the first air nozzle 32 and the second air nozzle 62 to ensure that the seeds cleared in the seed clearing process do not fall back into the seed discharging holes 121 which are cleared completely, and ensure that the seeds after being discharged only fall into the seed receiving cup 7 below.
The seed discharging hole 221 is a tapered hole, and the large end of the seed discharging hole 221 is arranged opposite to the second air nozzle 62, so that the seed discharging air flow is more concentrated, and the seed discharging is more facilitated. As used herein, the "large end" is the large diameter end of the seed discharge or metering hole and the "small end" is the small diameter end of the seed discharge or metering hole.
The seed metering strips 12 can be provided with a plurality of sets according to the sizes of different kinds of seeds, and each set of seed metering strips 12 is provided with seed metering holes 121 with different apertures. Seed bars 12 without seed holes 121 may also be provided to facilitate changing the spacing of the rows by inserting seed bars without seed holes.
In order to facilitate the seed cleaning airflow to enter and clean the seeds quickly separated from the seed discharging hole, the seed discharging hole 121 is a conical hole, the large end of the seed discharging hole 121 is arranged opposite to the first air nozzle 32, the small end of the seed discharging hole 121 is arranged opposite to the small end of the seed discharging hole 221, and the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole 121 is equal to the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole 221, so that the seed discharging airflow can directly enter the seed discharging hole 121 for seed discharging without being damaged.
When the seed metering strip 12 is used for small-particle-size seeds, the seed metering hole 121 comprises a first section 1211 and a second section 1212 which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the first section 1211 and the second section 1212 are both conical holes, the small end of the first section 1211 is connected with the small end of the second section 1212, the large end of the second section 1212 is arranged adjacent to the small end of the seed discharging hole 221, and the diameter of the large end of the second section 1212 is equal to the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole 221, so that the seed discharging airflow of the small-particle-size seeds can be better used for discharging the seeds.
One end of the cylinder 21 is provided with a chain wheel 13, and the chain wheel 13 is connected with a power device through a chain to realize power input. A seed stick changing opening 14 is provided on the frame 10 at the other end of the cylinder 21 to facilitate the withdrawal of the seed stick 12 from the seed stick changing opening 14 for changing the seed stick 12. A cover body 11 is provided on the seed stick replacing port 14 to close the seed stick replacing port 14.
When the seed sowing roller works: the power is transmitted to the chain wheel 13 through the chain to drive the seed discharging roller 2 to rotate, at this time, the seeds in the seed charging box 1 are contacted with the seed discharging holes 121 on the seed discharging strips 12 under the action of gravity and pressure to realize the seed charging, and the charged seeds are driven by the chain wheel 13 to rotate in the seed discharging roller 2 (because the slide strips 122 of the seed discharging strips 12 are clamped on the sliding grooves 223). When the seed metering strip 12 rotates to the first air nozzle 32 of the seed cleaning air blowing system 3 (connected with the fan), the seeds in the seed metering hole 121 are cleaned and fixed through the first air nozzle 32 until only one seed is left in the seed metering hole 121, and the seeds cleaned from the seed metering hole 121 fall into the seed filling box 1 or the seed collecting and distributing box 5. After the seed cleaning air-blowing system 3 is cleaned, only one seed in the seed discharging hole 121 continuously rotates in the seed discharging roller 2, and rotates to the position corresponding to the second air nozzle of the seed discharging air-blowing system 6 (connected with a fan) under the protection of the seed protecting plate 4, the seed is discharged through the seed discharging hole 221 and the seed discharging hole 121 by strength, and the seed after being discharged falls into the seed receiving cup 7 to realize seed discharging.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application in any way, and although the present application has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes and modifications within the technical scope of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application, and therefore all the changes and modifications can be made within the technical scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A mechanical pneumatic universal seeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a seed sowing roller (2) rotating around a horizontal central line is arranged on a frame (10) of the seed sowing device,
seed strip mounting grooves (22) are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the seed discharging roller, mounting spaces (23) are arranged in the middle of the seed strip mounting grooves in a hollow manner, a row of seed discharging holes (221) are arranged at the bottoms of the seed strip mounting grooves, and the seed discharging holes penetrate through the seed strip mounting grooves and are communicated with the mounting spaces;
seed discharging strips (12) are respectively arranged in the various strip mounting grooves in a sliding manner, a row of seed discharging holes (121) matched with seeds to be sowed are formed in the seed discharging strips, seed discharging holes in the various strip mounting grooves and the seed discharging holes in the seed discharging strips mounted in the various strip mounting grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the seed discharging holes and the seed discharging holes are conical holes, the large end of each seed discharging hole is arranged opposite to a second air nozzle (62) of a seed discharging air blowing system, the small end of each seed discharging hole is arranged opposite to the small end of each seed discharging hole, and the diameter of the small end of each seed discharging hole is equal to the diameter of the small end of each seed discharging hole;
one end of each strip mounting groove is provided with an open port (222), and a strip replacing port (14) is arranged on the rack corresponding to the open port;
filling seeds into the seed discharging holes of the seed discharging strips in sequence by using the seed charging box (1);
the seeds exceeding the sowing quantity of the seed holes in each seed hole are blown out by a first air nozzle (32) of the seed cleaning air blowing system;
the seed protection plate (4) is used for protecting and conveying the seeds in the seed sowing holes after seed cleaning to a seed unloading position;
at the seed unloading position, the second air nozzle (62) of the seed discharging air blowing system is used for blowing the seeds after seed cleaning to the seed holes through the inoculation cup (7) to realize seed discharging;
when a second seed needs to be sowed, the seed metering strips in the seed metering strip mounting grooves are sequentially replaced through the seed strip replacing openings, and the seed metering holes in the replaced seed metering strips are matched with the second seed.
2. The mechanical pneumatic universal seeding method according to claim 1, wherein when the plant distance needs to be adjusted, partial seeding strips in the seeding strip mounting groove are replaced by seeding strips without seeding holes, so that the seeding strips with the seeding holes are evenly distributed on the seeding roller.
3. A mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering method according to claim 1, wherein the periphery of the seed metering roller is provided with a plurality of first air nozzles of a seed charging box, a seed cleaning air blowing system, a seed protecting plate and an inoculating cup at a seed discharging position in sequence along a rotating direction, a second air nozzle of the seed metering air blowing system is arranged in an installation space of the seed metering roller, a seed charging port of the seed charging box is communicated with a seed metering hole of a part of seed metering strips, the plurality of first air nozzles are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the seed metering holes on one seed metering strip, the plurality of second air nozzles are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the seed discharging holes on one seed metering strip installation groove, and the inoculating cup is arranged below the seed metering installation groove corresponding to the plurality of second air nozzles.
4. A mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering method as set forth in claim 1, wherein a seed collecting and distributing box for collecting the seeds cleaned from the metering hole is provided below the metering drum.
5. A mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering method according to claim 1, wherein a photoelectric sensing device (8) for detecting the seed discharge is installed in the seed cup, and the photoelectric sensing device is connected with a single chip microcomputer.
6. A mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering method according to claim 1, wherein sliding grooves (223) are formed in the two side walls of the seed bar mounting groove, and corresponding sliding strips (122) are arranged on the two sides of the seed bar, so that the sliding strips of the seed bar are slidably sleeved in the sliding grooves of the seed bar mounting groove.
7. The mechanical pneumatic universal seeding method according to claim 1, wherein when used for small-diameter seeds, the seeding hole comprises a first section and a second section which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside, the first section and the second section are conical holes, the small ends of the first section and the second section are connected, the large end of the second section is arranged adjacent to the small end of the seed discharging hole, and the diameter of the large end of the second section is equal to the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910842764.8A CN110447354B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Mechanical pneumatic universal seed discharging method |
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| CN201910842764.8A CN110447354B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Mechanical pneumatic universal seed discharging method |
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| CN110447354A CN110447354A (en) | 2019-11-15 |
| CN110447354B true CN110447354B (en) | 2021-11-19 |
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| CN106508207A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 华中农业大学 | Air suction external seed filling type precise collecting and arranging device |
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| US6213690B1 (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2001-04-10 | Deere & Company | Distribution manifold for air seeder |
| US7191715B2 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2007-03-20 | Cnh America Llc | Tandem gauge wheel assembly for planting unit |
| US7455019B2 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2008-11-25 | Steve Spooner | Drum punch seed planter |
| CN101548606B (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-11-03 | 湖南农业大学 | Seeding mechanism with adjustable sowing amount |
| CN103563524A (en) * | 2013-04-21 | 2014-02-12 | 刘宝才 | Pneumatic sowing and seed discharging system |
| CN203261689U (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-11-06 | 湖南农业大学 | Air-suction rotary drum type small-size-seed sowing device |
| CN103238405B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-03-11 | 湖南农业大学 | Air-blowing abnormal seed sowing device |
| CN104303651B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-05-11 | 华中农业大学 | Air pressure protects kind of a formula essence quantity set row device |
| CN208242191U (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-12-18 | 四川农业大学 | Rice precise hole sowing integrated arranging roller |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103444324A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 中国农业大学 | Internal air inflation blowing type precise corn seed metering device |
| CN205454540U (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-17 | 湖北永祥农机装备有限公司 | Seed metering ware is concentrated to seeder |
| CN106508207A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 华中农业大学 | Air suction external seed filling type precise collecting and arranging device |
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