CN110444893B - Monopole antenna bandwidth adjusting method and system - Google Patents
Monopole antenna bandwidth adjusting method and system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for adjusting the bandwidth of a monopole antenna, which comprises the steps of equivalent using a monopole antenna and a free space where the monopole antenna is located as a band-pass filter, wherein the band-pass filter can realize resonance and the type of the resonance is the same as the resonance property of the monopole antenna because the resonance impedance of an LC circuit is equal to the resonance impedance of the monopole antenna, therefore, the bandwidth of the band-pass filter is comparable to the bandwidth of the monopole antenna, and based on the characteristic, an antenna impedance curve of a preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart can be obtained, and then when an initial antenna matching circuit of the initial monopole antenna is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit, the initial monopole antenna can be adjusted according to the antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on the smith chart, thereby realizing the advance prediction of the bandwidth and the resonance property of the monopole antenna and improving the optimization performance of the bandwidth of the antenna, the bandwidth adjustment period is reduced; the trouble of radiation resistance, an element of an uncertain quantitative analysis, is also avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna bandwidth adjustment, in particular to a method and a system for adjusting the bandwidth of a monopole antenna.
Background
Bluetooth headsets are enjoyed by users due to their convenience. The outward appearance of bluetooth headset is abundant various, and the design of bluetooth antenna also changes correspondingly to adapt to with bluetooth headset's outward appearance. Bluetooth headsets are typically monopole antennas, and in order to guarantee the performance of monopole antennas, the bandwidth of monopole antennas is required to meet the antenna bandwidth requirement (2402MHz-2480 MHz). In the prior art, when the bandwidth of the monopole antenna is adjusted, adjustment can be performed only according to the experience of an engineer, then the adjusted bandwidth of the monopole antenna is detected, the monopole antenna is adjusted according to the detected bandwidth, and the above process is repeated until the bandwidth of the monopole antenna meets the requirement of the bandwidth of the antenna, so that the adjustment period of the adjustment mode is long, and the optimization performance of the bandwidth of the antenna is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for adjusting the bandwidth of a monopole antenna, which realize the advance prediction of the bandwidth and the resonance characteristic of the monopole antenna, improve the optimization performance of the bandwidth of the antenna and reduce the bandwidth adjusting period; the trouble of the radiation resistance which is an unqualified quantitative analysis factor is also avoided, and the optimization performance of the antenna bandwidth is further improved.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for adjusting a bandwidth of a monopole antenna, including:
the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located are equivalent to a band-pass filter in advance, the band-pass filter comprises an LC circuit and a virtual impedance transformation network connected with the LC circuit, and the resonant impedance of the LC circuit is equal to that of the monopole antenna;
separating a preset antenna matching circuit from the band-pass filter, and determining an antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
acquiring an initial antenna matching circuit of an initial monopole antenna, and judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit;
if so, adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart so that the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth.
Preferably, the pre-equalizing the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located as a band-pass filter includes:
the free space where the monopole antenna is located is equivalent to an impedance port with a first numerical value, so that the monopole antenna and the free space form a dual-port network, the impedance of the input end of the dual-port network is a second numerical value, and the impedance of the output end of the dual-port network is the first numerical value;
converting the output impedance to the second value through a lossless virtual impedance transformation network connected to the monopole antenna;
and the monopole antenna is equivalent to an LC circuit so that the LC circuit and the virtual impedance transformation network form a band-pass filter, wherein the resonant impedance of the LC circuit is equal to the resonant impedance of the antenna.
Preferably, the first value is 377 Ω; the second value is 50 Ω.
Preferably, the initial antenna matching circuit for obtaining an initial monopole antenna includes:
carrying out single-port measurement on the initial monopole antenna to obtain antenna parameters;
and carrying out initial matching on the initial monopole antenna by using the antenna parameters to obtain an initial antenna matching circuit.
Preferably, the antenna parameter includes a self-reflection coefficient S11 parameter or a voltage standing wave ratio VSWR or impedance.
Preferably, the preset antenna matching circuit includes a first preset antenna matching circuit and/or a second preset antenna matching circuit and/or a third preset antenna matching circuit;
the first preset antenna matching circuit comprises a first capacitor and a first inductor, a first end of the first capacitor is used as an input end of the first preset antenna matching circuit, a second end of the first capacitor is connected with a first end of the first inductor, a common end of the first capacitor and the first end of the first inductor is used as an output end of the first preset antenna matching circuit, and a second end of the first inductor is grounded;
the second preset antenna matching circuit comprises a second capacitor and a third capacitor, the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the first end of the third capacitor, the connected common end serves as the input end of the second preset antenna matching circuit, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected as the output end of the second preset antenna matching circuit;
the antenna matching circuit is predetermine to the third includes fourth electric capacity and second inductance, the first end of fourth electric capacity with the first end of second inductance is connected and the public end of connecting is regarded as the antenna matching circuit's is predetermine to the third input, the second end ground connection of second inductance, the second end of fourth electric capacity is regarded as the antenna matching circuit's is predetermine to the third output.
Preferably, the preset antenna matching circuit includes a first preset antenna matching circuit, a second preset antenna matching circuit and a third preset antenna matching circuit;
the determining whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit so that the initial monopole antenna meets a preset antenna bandwidth requirement, and if so, adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart so that the initial monopole antenna meets the preset antenna bandwidth requirement includes:
s11: judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with an antenna matching circuit in the preset antenna matching circuit, if so, entering S12, otherwise, entering S14;
s12: adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of a matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
s13: judging whether the adjusted S11 parameter of the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, if so, entering S18, otherwise, entering S14;
s14: determining one antenna matching circuit from the remaining two antenna matching circuits in the preset antenna matching circuit, and adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the determined preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
s15: judging whether the adjusted S11 parameter of the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, if so, entering S18, otherwise, entering S16;
s16: adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the last antenna matching circuit left in the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
s17: judging whether the adjusted S11 parameter of the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, if so, entering S18;
s18: and determining the adjusted antenna as a final monopole antenna.
Preferably, the adjusting the initial monopole antenna includes:
adjusting a shape and/or length and/or width of the initial monopole antenna.
Preferably, in step S16, when the two remaining antenna matching circuits are a first preset antenna matching circuit and a second preset antenna matching circuit, the determining one antenna matching circuit from the two remaining antenna matching circuits in the preset antenna matching circuits includes:
determining the first preset antenna matching circuit; or,
when the remaining two antenna matching circuits are a second preset antenna matching circuit and a third preset antenna matching circuit, the determining an antenna matching circuit from the remaining two antenna matching circuits in the preset antenna matching circuits includes:
a third predetermined antenna matching circuit is determined.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a monopole antenna bandwidth adjusting system, including:
the equivalent unit is used for equivalent the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located into a band-pass filter in advance, the band-pass filter comprises an LC circuit and a virtual impedance transformation network connected with the LC circuit, and the resonance impedance of the LC circuit is equal to that of the monopole antenna;
the antenna impedance curve determining unit is used for separating a preset antenna matching circuit from the band-pass filter and determining an antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
the matching unit is used for acquiring an initial antenna matching circuit of an initial monopole antenna, judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit or not, and triggering the broadband adjusting unit if the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit;
and the bandwidth adjusting unit is used for adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart, so that the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth.
The invention provides a method for adjusting the bandwidth of a monopole antenna, which comprises the steps of equivalently using a monopole antenna and a free space where the monopole antenna is located as a band-pass filter, enabling the band-pass filter to realize resonance and enabling the type of the resonance to be the same as the resonance property of the monopole antenna due to the fact that the resonance impedance of an LC circuit is equal to the resonance impedance of the monopole antenna, enabling the bandwidth of the band-pass filter to be comparable to the bandwidth of the monopole antenna, obtaining an antenna impedance curve of a preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart based on the resonance impedance curve, subsequently adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to the antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on the smith chart when the initial antenna matching circuit of the initial monopole antenna is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit, and finally enabling the initial monopole antenna to meet the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, thereby realizing the advance prediction of the bandwidth and the resonance property of the monopole antenna, the optimization performance of the antenna bandwidth is improved, and the bandwidth adjusting period is reduced; the trouble of the radiation resistance which is an unqualified quantitative analysis factor is also avoided, and the optimization performance of the antenna bandwidth is further improved.
The invention also provides a monopole antenna bandwidth adjusting system, which has the same beneficial effects as the monopole antenna bandwidth adjusting method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is an equivalent schematic diagram of a monopole antenna provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a separated antenna matching circuit provided in the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another separate antenna matching circuit in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a split first antenna matching circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a separate second antenna matching circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a separate third antenna matching circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the bandwidth characteristics of a first bandpass filter circuit combination and a second bandpass filter circuit combination according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a smith diagram of a pre-antenna matching circuit provided by the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flow chart of the principle of bandwidth adjustment of an initial monopole antenna in particular according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a method and a system for adjusting the bandwidth of a monopole antenna, which realize the advance prediction of the bandwidth and the resonance characteristic of the monopole antenna, improve the optimization performance of the antenna bandwidth and reduce the bandwidth adjusting period; the trouble of the radiation resistance which is an unqualified quantitative analysis factor is also avoided, and the optimization performance of the antenna bandwidth is further improved.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for adjusting a bandwidth of a monopole antenna according to the present invention, the method including:
s1: the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located are equivalent to a band-pass filter in advance, the band-pass filter comprises an LC circuit and a virtual impedance transformation network connected with the LC circuit, and the resonant impedance of the LC circuit is equal to that of the monopole antenna;
the present application considers that the band pass filter can achieve resonance and the type of resonance is the same as the resonance property of the monopole antenna, and therefore, the bandwidth of the band pass filter (the bandwidth referred to in the present application refers to the relative bandwidth) is comparable to that of the monopole antenna. Based on this, the present application equates a single-port device, a monopole antenna, to a dual-port device. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an equivalent schematic diagram of a monopole antenna according to the present invention, in which a hollow circle represents an input end of a band pass filter, and a solid circle represents an output end of the band pass filter, and fig. 2 illustrates that an input impedance and an output impedance of the band pass filter are 50 Ω. Specifically, the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located are equivalent to a band pass filter, wherein the monopole antenna can be specifically equivalent to an LC circuit (in this application, it is considered that the radiation resistance of the monopole antenna is very small, and therefore, the radiation resistance can be ignored), and the input impedance of the LC circuit is used as the input impedance of the band pass filter; the free space where the monopole antenna is located can be equivalent to an impedance port, the impedance of the impedance port is subjected to impedance transformation through a virtual impedance transformation network, the transformed impedance serves as the output impedance of a band-pass filter, and the transformed impedance meets the system requirements through impedance transformation. Further, the resonance impedance of the LC circuit is equal to the resonance impedance of the monopole antenna (the resonance impedance of the monopole antenna is predictable), thereby realizing that the band pass filter can achieve resonance and the type of resonance is the same as the resonance property of the monopole antenna.
In addition, in order to avoid the contrast deterioration of the bandwidth analysis of the band-pass filter and the monopole antenna, in practical application, the virtual impedance transformation network can be set to be ideal and lossless, and the radiation efficiency of the monopole antenna is set to be 100% (which is different from the analysis radiation characteristic of the traditional antenna and the free space where the antenna is located which is equivalent to a two-port device, the radiation efficiency is set to be 100%) at the same time, namely no energy loss is caused when the antenna is radiated to the free space.
S2: separating a preset antenna matching circuit from the band-pass filter, and determining an antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
after the band-pass filter is obtained, separating a preset antenna matching circuit from the band-pass filter, wherein the antenna matching circuit is used for matching with the impedance of the monopole antenna, so that the impedance of the matched monopole antenna meets the system requirement (for example, is close to 50 ohms); after the preset antenna matching circuit is obtained, an antenna impedance curve of the preset matching circuit on a smith chart and a bandwidth (namely, impedance bandwidth) curve (a corresponding relation exists between the bandwidth curve and the antenna impedance curve on the smith chart) of the preset matching circuit can be obtained, and then in the application process, the initial antenna matching circuit can be adjusted according to the corresponding antenna impedance curve so as to enable the monopole antenna to meet the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth.
Specifically, when a band-pass filter is used for bandwidth analysis, other elements in the band-pass filter except the antenna matching circuit can be adjusted, so that the bandwidth of the band-pass filter is maximized. The separated antenna matching circuit is the core of the bandwidth analysis of the monopole antenna, because in the design of the monopole antenna, the antenna matching circuit can be initially preset according to the characteristics of the monopole antenna, the initial antenna matching circuit is a bridge connecting the actual antenna design and the bandwidth analysis of the band-pass filter, the bandwidth and the resonance characteristic of the monopole antenna can be predicted according to the bandwidth of the band-pass filter, and therefore the space for optimizing the bandwidth of the monopole antenna is improved.
In addition, it should be further noted that, in the present application, the preset antenna matching circuits all refer to an L-type network structure, that is, a series-parallel matching structure formed by two components. The band-pass filter can separate a plurality of preset antenna matching circuits with different structures without difficulty.
S3: acquiring an initial antenna matching circuit of the initial monopole antenna, judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with a preset antenna matching circuit or not, and if so, entering S4;
in practical application, when an initial monopole antenna (i.e., a monopole antenna to be designed) is designed, an initial antenna matching circuit may be predetermined according to characteristics of the initial monopole antenna, and then the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with a preset antenna matching circuit, where matching means that components and connection relationships of the components are the same, for example, the initial antenna matching circuit and the preset antenna matching circuit both include a capacitor and an inductor, and the capacitor and the inductor are both connected in series.
S4: and adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to the antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on the smith chart so that the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth.
When the preset antenna matching circuit is matched with the initial antenna matching circuit, the initial monopole antenna is adjusted according to the antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on the smith chart, wherein the adjustment can be, for example, changing the shape, length, width and the like of the monopole antenna, and is specifically determined according to the actual situation, so that the final initial monopole antenna meets the preset antenna bandwidth requirement (specifically, 2402MHz-2480 MHz). The bandwidth corresponding to the preset antenna matching circuit can be obtained once the preset antenna matching circuit is matched with the initial antenna matching circuit, and then the bandwidth (obtained in an antenna impedance curve) of the initial monopole antenna can be obtained in advance, and then the initial monopole antenna can be adjusted according to the antenna impedance curve. Therefore, the method for adjusting the bandwidth of the monopole antenna realizes the advance prediction of the bandwidth and the resonance characteristic of the monopole antenna, improves the optimization performance of the bandwidth of the antenna, and reduces the bandwidth adjusting period; the trouble of the radiation resistance which is an unqualified quantitative analysis factor is also avoided, and the optimization performance of the antenna bandwidth is further improved.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment:
as a preferred embodiment, the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located are equivalent to a band-pass filter in advance, and the method comprises the following steps:
the free space where the monopole antenna is located is equivalent to an impedance port with a first numerical value, so that the monopole antenna and the free space form a dual-port network, the impedance of the input end of the dual-port network is a second numerical value, and the impedance of the output end of the dual-port network is a first numerical value;
converting the output impedance to a second value through a lossless virtual impedance transformation network connected to the monopole antenna;
the monopole antenna is equivalent to an LC circuit so that the LC circuit and the virtual impedance transformation network constitute a band pass filter in which the resonant impedance of the LC circuit is equal to the resonant impedance of the antenna.
Specifically, first, the free space where the monopole antenna is located is equivalent to an impedance port, and the impedance of the impedance port is a first value, so that the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located form a dual-port network. Considering that the first value of the impedance port equivalent to the free space is a certain value, which may not match with the impedance of other systems (i.e. systems working with the band pass filter), such as a 50 Ω system, the impedance of the impedance port is converted from the first value to the second value by the virtual impedance transformation network, so as to satisfy the impedance matching of other systems. And then the monopole antenna is equivalent to an LC circuit, wherein the resonant impedance of the LC circuit is equal to the resonant impedance of the antenna, and then the LC circuit and the virtual impedance transformation network form a band-pass filter. By the mode, the band-pass filter can realize resonance, the type of the resonance is the same as the resonance property of the monopole antenna, the bandwidth of the band-pass filter is comparable to that of the monopole antenna, and the adjustment of the bandwidth of the monopole antenna in the subsequent use process is facilitated.
As a preferred embodiment, the first value is 377 Ω; the second value is 50 Ω.
Specifically, the free space is equivalent to an impedance port of 377 Ω, and 377 Ω is transformed into 50 Ω through a virtual impedance transformation network, mainly considering that 377 Ω cannot be compatible with general 50 Ω system impedance, and actual measurement cannot be performed. Secondly, a 50 omega system is usually used for designing the band-pass filter, and 50 omega is used for input and output, so that the scheme of the application is adopted, so that the analysis is more convenient and simpler.
Of course, the second value may be other values according to the actual situation.
As a preferred embodiment, an initial antenna matching circuit for obtaining an initial monopole antenna includes:
carrying out single-port measurement on the initial monopole antenna to obtain antenna parameters;
and carrying out initial matching on the initial monopole antenna by using the antenna parameters to obtain an initial antenna matching circuit.
When the initial monopole antenna is designed, the initial monopole antenna is firstly divided into an initial antenna matching circuit and an initial antenna. The initial antenna matching circuit is used for matching with a preset antenna matching circuit subsequently to obtain an antenna impedance curve, and then parameters such as the shape, the length and/or the width of the initial antenna can be adjusted according to the antenna impedance curve.
In order to obtain the initial antenna matching circuit, the antenna parameters of the initial monopole antenna need to be obtained first, so the antenna parameters can be obtained by performing data simulation and performing single-port measurement on the antenna parameters. Specifically, the antenna parameter here may be a self-reflection coefficient S11 parameter (input return loss) or VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) or impedance. The three parameters can be converted to each other, and after the antenna parameters are obtained, the initial antenna matching circuit of the initial monopole antenna can be determined.
As a preferred embodiment, the preset antenna matching circuit includes a first preset antenna matching circuit and/or a second preset antenna matching circuit and/or a third preset antenna matching circuit;
the first preset antenna matching circuit comprises a first capacitor and a first inductor, wherein the first end of the first capacitor is used as the input end of the first preset antenna matching circuit, the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the first inductor, the connected common end of the second capacitor and the first end of the first inductor is used as the output end of the first preset antenna matching circuit, and the second end of the first inductor is grounded;
the second preset antenna matching circuit comprises a second capacitor and a third capacitor, the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the first end of the third capacitor, the connected common end serves as the input end of the second preset antenna matching circuit, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected as the output end of the second preset antenna matching circuit;
the third preset antenna matching circuit comprises a fourth capacitor and a second inductor, a common end of the first end of the fourth capacitor and the first end of the second inductor are connected and serve as an input end of the third preset antenna matching circuit, the second end of the second inductor is grounded, and the second end of the fourth capacitor serves as an output end of the third preset antenna matching circuit.
Referring to fig. 3 to 7, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a separated antenna matching circuit according to the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another separated antenna matching circuit according to the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a separated first antenna matching circuit according to the present invention, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a separated second antenna matching circuit according to the present invention, and fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a separated third antenna matching circuit according to the present invention, wherein the left half portions of fig. 5 to 7 are antenna matching circuits separated from corresponding bandpass filter circuit combinations.
The process of determining the preset antenna matching circuit according to the present application is given below, and specifically, the bandpass filter forming units (the series resonant unit 102 and the parallel resonant unit 101, respectively) are recombined to form a first bandpass filter circuit combination mainly including the series resonant unit 102 and a second bandpass filter circuit combination mainly including the parallel resonant unit 101, and the first matching element K1 of the preset antenna matching circuit in the first bandpass filter circuit combination and the virtual equivalent element form the series resonant circuit 103. In the case of the actual antenna matching circuit, the first matching element K1 is very rarely an inductor, and since the larger the inductor is, the larger the loss caused by the inductor is, the application discusses the case where the first matching power source is a capacitor. The second matching element K2 of the antenna matching circuit may be a capacitor or an inductor, depending on the filter circuit combination. Therefore, the first bandpass filter circuit combination can separate two types of predetermined antenna matching circuits (corresponding to fig. 5 and fig. 6, respectively) which have the same bandwidth.
For the second band-pass filter circuit combination, the first matching element K1 of the antenna matching circuit may be an inductor or a capacitor, and the second element of the antenna matching circuit may also be an inductor or an inductor, but since the second matching element K2 is connected in series, the series inductance is not commonly used, mainly because the inductance loss is larger if the value of the series inductance is larger, and the equivalent of 0 Ω can be simplified if the value of the series inductance is smaller. Therefore, the present application only considers the case where the second matching element K2 is a capacitor, but the two predetermined antenna matching circuits separated by the second band-pass filter circuit combination actually have the same bandwidth.
It should be noted that, the same bandwidth here refers to the situation where the values of the elements of the two antenna matching circuits are not changed, and only the connection relationship is shown in the two antenna matching circuits.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a bandwidth characteristic diagram of a first band-pass filter circuit combination and a second band-pass filter circuit combination according to the present invention.
The bandwidth characteristics of the first band-pass filter circuit combination and the second band-pass filter circuit combination are shown as curves 105 and 106, it should be noted that the bandwidth characteristic curve of the predetermined antenna matching circuit separated by the first band-pass filter circuit combination is also shown as a curve 105, and the bandwidth characteristic curve of the predetermined antenna matching circuit separated by the second band-pass filter circuit combination is also shown as a curve 106. In the bandwidth characteristic comparison, all capacitors take on 1pF, and all inductors take on 4.7 nH. In the figure, the graph with the curve 105 is the bandwidth response curve of the first band-pass filter circuit combination, and the graph with the curve 106 is the bandwidth response curve of the second band-pass filter circuit combination. The black solid lines represent the energy transfer from the input to the output of the filter, and the gray curves represent the return loss of the input and output, i.e. the curve of the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. And the width of the first band-pass filter circuit combination is approximately 1 time wider than that of the second band-pass filter circuit combination by taking-10 dB as a reference line. Further analysis shows that the first band-pass filter circuit combination comprises a resonant circuit 103 which is series resonant and the second band-pass filter circuit combination comprises a resonant circuit 104 which is parallel resonant, in agreement with the monopole antenna being normally designed as a series resonant antenna. Of course, there are also a few antennas designed as parallel antennas, provided that the antenna impedance bandwidth is met. At present, under the trend of smaller and smaller sizes of the dual-wireless earphone, the analysis method of the invention can find that under the condition of insufficient bandwidth, the antenna needs to be prevented from being in parallel resonance as much as possible. Further, referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a smith chart of the pre-antenna matching circuit according to the present invention, in which the first pre-antenna matching circuit corresponds to the antenna impedance curve 11, the second pre-antenna matching circuit corresponds to the antenna impedance curve 33, and the third pre-antenna matching circuit corresponds to the antenna impedance curve 22. In practical application, if the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with a certain preset antenna matching circuit, the antenna impedance curve of the initial antenna matching circuit in the smith chart is similar to the antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit in the smith chart, so that the initial monopole antenna is adjusted by using the antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit in the smith chart, and the initial monopole antenna can meet the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth.
In the smith chart, two planes are formed by a straight line in the middle of the graph and an outer circle, and two intersection points are formed, wherein the two planes are an inductive area with inductive property on the upper half plane and a capacitive area with capacitive property on the lower half plane respectively. The curve 11 has a capacitive impedance characteristic and the curves 22 and 33 have an inductive impedance characteristic. The two intersections are 0 and ∞, respectively, representing an impedance of 0 and infinity, respectively.
Resonance of the antenna for the frequency band of interest:
as shown, the monopole travels clockwise from a position of infinite impedance along the capacitive region for a certain length, such as to the position of curve 11, such as to continue, across the middle solid line, to the position of curve 22, and to the position of 33, where curve 11 does not cross the middle solid line, and the antenna electrical length is slightly less than a quarter wavelength. Curves 22 and 33 span the first middle solid line, i.e. have the characteristic of being more than a quarter wavelength and less than a half wavelength.
As a preferred embodiment, the preset antenna matching circuit includes a first preset antenna matching circuit, a second preset antenna matching circuit, and a third preset antenna matching circuit;
judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit or not so that the initial monopole antenna meets the preset antenna bandwidth requirement, if so, adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to the antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart so that the initial monopole antenna meets the preset antenna bandwidth requirement, and the method comprises the following steps:
s11: judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with an antenna matching circuit in a preset antenna matching circuit, if so, entering S12, otherwise, entering S14;
s12: adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
s13: judging whether the adjusted S11 parameter of the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, if so, entering S18, otherwise, entering S14;
s14: determining one antenna matching circuit from the remaining two antenna matching circuits in the preset antenna matching circuit, and adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to the antenna impedance curve of the determined preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
s15: judging whether the adjusted S11 parameter of the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, if so, entering S18, otherwise, entering S16;
s16: adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the last antenna matching circuit left in the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
s17: judging whether the adjusted S11 parameter of the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, if so, entering S18;
s18: and determining the adjusted antenna as a final monopole antenna.
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a principle of adjusting a bandwidth of an initial monopole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, when the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit, it is first determined whether there is a preset antenna matching circuit directly matched with the initial antenna matching circuit, where direct matching refers to that components are identical in composition and connection relationship, if so, the initial monopole antenna is adjusted according to an antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart, and an S11 parameter of the adjusted initial monopole antenna is obtained, then it is determined whether an S11 parameter of the adjusted initial monopole antenna meets a preset antenna bandwidth requirement, if so, the adjusted antenna is taken as a final monopole antenna, otherwise, one preset antenna matching circuit is determined from the remaining preset antenna matching circuits, and the process of adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to the antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit on the smith chart is repeated, if there is some preset antenna matching circuit so that the S11 parameter of the adjusted initial monopole antenna meets the preset antenna bandwidth requirement, it will be determined that the adjusted antenna is the final monopole antenna, and if there is no preset antenna matching circuit so that the S11 parameter of the adjusted initial monopole antenna meets the preset antenna bandwidth requirement, the monopole antenna design needs to be updated.
Therefore, a plurality of preset antenna matching circuits are selected to be matched with the initial antenna matching circuit, and the antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit directly matched with the initial antenna matching circuit on the smith chart is preferably selected to adjust the initial monopole antenna, so that the matching efficiency and the success rate of the initial antenna matching circuit are improved.
As a preferred embodiment, the adjusting of the initial monopole antenna comprises:
the shape and/or length and/or width of the initial monopole antenna is adjusted.
As a preferred embodiment, when the remaining two antenna matching circuits are the first preset antenna matching circuit and the second preset antenna matching circuit, the step S16 of determining one antenna matching circuit from the remaining two antenna matching circuits in the preset antenna matching circuits includes:
determining a first preset antenna matching circuit; or,
when the remaining two antenna matching circuits are the second preset antenna matching circuit and the third preset antenna matching circuit, determining one antenna matching circuit from the remaining two antenna matching circuits in the preset antenna matching circuits, including:
a third predetermined antenna matching circuit is determined.
Specifically, the first preset antenna matching circuit and the third preset antenna matching circuit both have parallel inductance, and therefore have an ESD anti-static protection effect, the second preset antenna matching circuit comprises two capacitors, the ESD protection capability is poor, protection measures such as a TVS tube may need to be added in practical application, the cost of the monopole antenna is improved, the size of the monopole antenna is increased, and by adopting the scheme provided by the application, the first preset antenna matching circuit or the third preset antenna matching circuit with the ESD anti-static function is preferably selected, the cost of the monopole antenna is reduced, and the size of the monopole antenna is reduced.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment system according to the present invention, and the present invention further provides a monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment system, including:
the equivalent unit 1 is used for equating the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located into a band-pass filter in advance, the band-pass filter comprises an LC circuit and a virtual impedance transformation network connected with the LC circuit, and the resonant impedance of the LC circuit is equal to that of the monopole antenna;
the antenna impedance curve determining unit 2 is used for separating a preset antenna matching circuit from the band-pass filter and determining an antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
the matching unit 3 is used for acquiring an initial antenna matching circuit of the initial monopole antenna, judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with a preset antenna matching circuit or not, and if so, triggering the broadband adjusting unit 4;
and the bandwidth adjusting unit is used for adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to the antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on the smith chart so that the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth.
For the introduction of the monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment system provided by the present invention, please refer to the above method embodiments, and the present invention is not repeated herein.
Monopole antenna
It is to be noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A method for monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment, comprising:
the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located are equivalent to a band-pass filter in advance, the band-pass filter comprises an LC circuit and a virtual impedance transformation network connected with the LC circuit, and the resonant impedance of the LC circuit is equal to that of the monopole antenna;
separating a preset antenna matching circuit from the band-pass filter, and determining an antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
acquiring an initial antenna matching circuit of an initial monopole antenna, and judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit;
if so, adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart so that the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of a preset antenna bandwidth;
the preset antenna matching circuit comprises a first preset antenna matching circuit and/or a second preset antenna matching circuit and/or a third preset antenna matching circuit;
the first preset antenna matching circuit comprises a first capacitor and a first inductor, a first end of the first capacitor is used as an input end of the first preset antenna matching circuit, a second end of the first capacitor is connected with a first end of the first inductor, a common end of the first capacitor and the first end of the first inductor is used as an output end of the first preset antenna matching circuit, and a second end of the first inductor is grounded;
the second preset antenna matching circuit comprises a second capacitor and a third capacitor, the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the first end of the third capacitor, the connected common end serves as the input end of the second preset antenna matching circuit, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected as the output end of the second preset antenna matching circuit;
the antenna matching circuit is predetermine to the third includes fourth electric capacity and second inductance, the first end of fourth electric capacity with the first end of second inductance is connected and the public end of connecting is regarded as the antenna matching circuit's is predetermine to the third input, the second end ground connection of second inductance, the second end of fourth electric capacity is regarded as the antenna matching circuit's is predetermine to the third output.
2. The monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment method of claim 1, wherein the pre-equalizing the monopole antenna and the free space in which the monopole antenna is located into a band pass filter comprises:
the free space where the monopole antenna is located is equivalent to an impedance port with a first numerical value, so that the monopole antenna and the free space form a dual-port network, the impedance of the input end of the dual-port network is a second numerical value, and the impedance of the output end of the dual-port network is the first numerical value;
converting the output impedance to the second value through a lossless virtual impedance transformation network connected to the monopole antenna;
and the monopole antenna is equivalent to an LC circuit so that the LC circuit and the virtual impedance transformation network form a band-pass filter, wherein the resonant impedance of the LC circuit is equal to the resonant impedance of the antenna.
3. The monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment method of claim 2 wherein the first value is 377 Ω; the second value is 50 Ω.
4. The monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment method of claim 1 wherein said obtaining an initial antenna matching circuit for an initial monopole antenna comprises:
carrying out single-port measurement on the initial monopole antenna to obtain antenna parameters;
and carrying out initial matching on the initial monopole antenna by using the antenna parameters to obtain an initial antenna matching circuit.
5. The monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment method of claim 4 wherein the antenna parameters include a self-reflection coefficient S11 parameter or a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) or impedance.
6. The monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment method of claim 1 wherein the pre-antenna matching circuit includes a first pre-antenna matching circuit, a second pre-antenna matching circuit, and a third pre-antenna matching circuit;
the determining whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit so that the initial monopole antenna meets a preset antenna bandwidth requirement, and if so, adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart so that the initial monopole antenna meets the preset antenna bandwidth requirement includes:
s11: judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with an antenna matching circuit in the preset antenna matching circuit, if so, entering S12, otherwise, entering S14;
s12: adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of a matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
s13: judging whether the adjusted S11 parameter of the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, if so, entering S18, otherwise, entering S14;
s14: determining one antenna matching circuit from the remaining two antenna matching circuits in the preset antenna matching circuit, and adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the determined preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
s15: judging whether the adjusted S11 parameter of the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, if so, entering S18, otherwise, entering S16;
s16: adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the last antenna matching circuit left in the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
s17: judging whether the adjusted S11 parameter of the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth, if so, entering S18;
s18: and determining the adjusted antenna as a final monopole antenna.
7. The monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment method of claim 6 wherein said adjusting the initial monopole antenna comprises:
adjusting a shape and/or length and/or width of the initial monopole antenna.
8. The monopole antenna bandwidth adjusting method according to claim 6, wherein in step S16, when the two remaining antenna matching circuits are a first pre-set antenna matching circuit and a second pre-set antenna matching circuit, the determining one antenna matching circuit from the two remaining antenna matching circuits in the pre-set antenna matching circuits comprises:
determining the first preset antenna matching circuit; or,
when the remaining two antenna matching circuits are a second preset antenna matching circuit and a third preset antenna matching circuit, determining an antenna matching circuit from the remaining two antenna matching circuits in the preset antenna matching circuits, including:
a third predetermined antenna matching circuit is determined.
9. A monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment system, comprising:
the equivalent unit is used for equivalent the monopole antenna and the free space where the monopole antenna is located into a band-pass filter in advance, the band-pass filter comprises an LC circuit and a virtual impedance transformation network connected with the LC circuit, and the resonance impedance of the LC circuit is equal to that of the monopole antenna;
the antenna impedance curve determining unit is used for separating a preset antenna matching circuit from the band-pass filter and determining an antenna impedance curve of the preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart;
the matching unit is used for acquiring an initial antenna matching circuit of an initial monopole antenna, judging whether the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit or not, and triggering the broadband adjusting unit if the initial antenna matching circuit is matched with the preset antenna matching circuit;
the bandwidth adjusting unit is used for adjusting the initial monopole antenna according to an antenna impedance curve of the matched preset antenna matching circuit on a smith chart so that the initial monopole antenna meets the requirement of the preset antenna bandwidth;
the preset antenna matching circuit comprises a first preset antenna matching circuit and/or a second preset antenna matching circuit and/or a third preset antenna matching circuit;
the first preset antenna matching circuit comprises a first capacitor and a first inductor, a first end of the first capacitor is used as an input end of the first preset antenna matching circuit, a second end of the first capacitor is connected with a first end of the first inductor, a common end of the first capacitor and the first end of the first inductor is used as an output end of the first preset antenna matching circuit, and a second end of the first inductor is grounded;
the second preset antenna matching circuit comprises a second capacitor and a third capacitor, the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the first end of the third capacitor, the connected common end serves as the input end of the second preset antenna matching circuit, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected as the output end of the second preset antenna matching circuit;
the antenna matching circuit is predetermine to the third includes fourth electric capacity and second inductance, the first end of fourth electric capacity with the first end of second inductance is connected and the public end of connecting is regarded as the antenna matching circuit's is predetermine to the third input, the second end ground connection of second inductance, the second end of fourth electric capacity is regarded as the antenna matching circuit's is predetermine to the third output.
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| CN201910758767.3A CN110444893B (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Monopole antenna bandwidth adjusting method and system |
| PCT/CN2019/108245 WO2021031293A1 (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-09-26 | Monopole antenna bandwidth adjustment method and system |
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| CN111475990B (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2023-09-05 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Design method, device and system of monopole antenna |
| CN114498039B (en) * | 2021-12-18 | 2022-12-02 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Double-end matching method for improving matching effect of monopole antenna |
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