CN110444462A - A kind of electric discharge device of photoelectric effect enhancing - Google Patents
A kind of electric discharge device of photoelectric effect enhancing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110444462A CN110444462A CN201810422408.6A CN201810422408A CN110444462A CN 110444462 A CN110444462 A CN 110444462A CN 201810422408 A CN201810422408 A CN 201810422408A CN 110444462 A CN110444462 A CN 110444462A
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- cavity
- discharge electrode
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- light source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/10—Ion sources; Ion guns
- H01J49/16—Ion sources; Ion guns using surface ionisation, e.g. field-, thermionic- or photo-emission
- H01J49/168—Ion sources; Ion guns using surface ionisation, e.g. field-, thermionic- or photo-emission field ionisation, e.g. corona discharge
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of devices that discharging efficiency is improved using photoelectric effect.This method generates photoelectron on discharge electrode or cavity using photoelectric effect, to improve the stability of electric discharge ionization, reduces discharge voltage, and the ion of generation is transmitted using electric field lens.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ionization techniques, are widely used in mass spectrum, the analysis fields such as migration spectrum and spectrum.
Background technique
Corona discharge is widely used in producing ozone as an ionization method, and nitrogen laser is surface-treated, light source,
The fields such as mass spectrograph and mobility spectrometer.The general structure of corona discharge is that discharge electrode is placed in discharging chamber, in electric discharge electricity
It is extremely upper to apply high direct voltage.When applying positive voltage on discharge electrode, electronics accelerates under the high electric field near needle point, obtains
Very high energy is obtained, neutral molecule is ionized, generates cation and an electronics.Newly generated electronics continue generate more from
Son and electronics, to ionize neutral substance around needle point with a kind of mechanism of electron avalanche and generate aura.Work as discharge electrode
When upper application negative voltage, electronics is overflowed from needle point, and generates electron avalanche under the acceleration of electric field.It is produced during electron avalanche
Raw cation can collide under the action of electric field with needle point, to generate more electronics to maintain to discharge.Simultaneously because brightness
Contain high-energy photon in light, photoelectric effect can occur at needle point, make part electronics evolution with maintain negative corona discharge into
Row.When applying alternating voltage on discharge electrode, at low frequency, alternately, under high frequency, mechanism is more multiple for two kinds of discharge mechanisms
It is miscellaneous.
When the ionization source as mass spectrograph or mobility spectrometer in use, since initial electron emission is mainly by random space
Cosmos ray causes, and there is very big uncertainty, therefore initiation of discharging is often relatively difficult.After stable discharge, also due to
Interference, for example, ion bombardment surface electron generation efficiency variation, electrophilic molecular concentration variation in discharge medium etc. because
Element causes discharge current unstable, has seriously affected the stability and quantitation capabilities of mass spectrograph and mobility spectrometer.
In mass spectrum, some cavity air pressures are very low.Under very low air pressure, molecular density is very low, therefore electron avalanche machine
System is restricted, and is discharged very unstable.
Corona discharge applies on mass spectrum and ion mobility spectrometry another difficulty is that corona discharge electrode is to the shadow of electric field
It rings.Since corona discharge needs higher voltage, this voltage is very big for the interface electric field influence of mass spectrum and migration spectrum, can lead
Cause a large amount of losses of ions, lowering apparatus sensitivity.
Patent CN102522307A discloses a kind of radio frequency discharge ionization device enhanced using photoelectric effect.Radio frequency discharge
The requirement ionized to power supply is higher than the requirement of DC corona discharge, causes installation cost height.In addition, the power of radio frequency discharge is big,
It needs cooling device more, keeps device integrally more complicated.Application for mass spectrum and migration spectrum, the plasma that radio frequency discharge is formed
Region energy is high, Ion Extraction low efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above problem, I proposes photic enhanced scheme by studying for many years.The main thought of scheme is benefit
Stable photoelectron is generated with ultraviolet light, so that solving electronics carrys out source problem, making to discharge is easy to cause, and makes the ionization process that discharges
It is more stable.To solve influence of the discharge electrode to interface electric field, electric field lens system, a side are set in discharge electrode end
Ion transmission can be enhanced in face, on the other hand, can eliminate influence of the electric field of the high pressure formation on discharge electrode to interface.
According to the above thought, a kind of corona discharge assembly of photoelectric effect enhancing, including discharge electrode are devised, light source,
Cavity and electric field lens.
The discharge electrode, is constructed from a material that be electrically conducting, and the voltage applied is pulsed dc voltage or exchange variation
Voltage.
The discharge electrode, surface is equipped with tip, and applies DC voltage.
The electric field lens are made of one group of annular electrode, are located at discharge electrode end.
The annular electrode, is made of magnetic material.
The annular electrode applies different DC voltages, forms electrostatic lenses.
The light source, the light given off can generate photoelectron on discharge electrode or cavity.
The light source, the light given off focus on discharge electrode or cavity.
The cavity, by discharge electrode, light source and electric field lens are placed in cavity.
The light source, is placed in outside cavity and photon is injected inside cavity by the window by being arranged on cavity.
Specific embodiment
Discharge electrode is constructed from a material that be electrically conducting, including metal material, carbon material, and semiconductor material etc. has conductive capability
Material, preferably stainless steel.The voltage applied on discharge electrode can be pulse positive voltage, what pulse negative voltage or exchange changed
Voltage.Pulse width is 0.001 to 10000 second, preferably 1000 seconds.
Discharge electrode voltage is influenced by the curvature and other factors on surface.Discharge voltage is dropped with the increase of surface curvature
It is low.Therefore, discharge voltage can be reduced by increasing surface curvature.When surface forms acicular electrode material, surface-discharge voltage
It reduces.The material for forming needle electrode includes carbon nanotube, metal etc..
Annular electrode is placed in discharge electrode end, can effectively shield discharge electrode electric field to the shadow of interface electric field
It rings.The vertical range of the annular electrode annulus center of circle and discharge electrode is 0 to 10cm, further preferably 1 to 10 mm.Eccentricity
From 0 to 80% for internal radius, further preferably 0%.When the center of circle of internal radius is overlapped with discharge electrode axis, ion
It is mainly influenced by cardioelectric field in annular electrode, there is preferable ion transmission efficiency.
Annular electrode is made of magnetic material.The motion path of electronics can be improved in magnetic material, to improve ionization effect
Rate.
If the voltage applied is higher negative voltage, the work function of electronics can be reduced.When light source photon radiation to electricity
When extremely upper, if photon energy is lower than work function, electronics can overcome material to escape the constraint of electronics.To avoid metal
Material surface oxidation is general to select not oxidizable metal material, such as stainless steel, silver, the metal materials such as copper.These materials have
Higher work function, such as stainless steel have the work function of 4.5 eV or so, about need the photon of 267nm wavelength.If what is applied is negative
Voltage is very high, reduces work function to 2 electron volts hereinafter, the light that wavelength is 600nm can be by electron excitation.Visible light source exists
Cost and luminous flux etc. are better than ultraviolet light, therefore, electron generation efficiency can be greatly improved.Further, since photoelectricity is imitated
It should not be influenced by air pressure, therefore, the present invention can greatly expand the operating air pressure range of electric discharge ionization.
If the voltage applied is higher positive voltage, electronics would become hard to escape from discharge electrode surface.At this moment, if light
Source can generate photoelectron on cavity, and electronics will form stable put by electron avalanche mechanism under the acceleration of electric field
Electricity.Meanwhile being applied to the electric field on discharge electrode also and can reduce the work function of electronics on cavity, to reduce photon energy.Cause
This, the present invention positive corona discharge and negative corona discharge can be improved the stability of current density and electric discharge.
Heretofore described cavity can be conductive material, or insulating materials.When cavity is conductive material,
Housing surface electric field is consistent.When cavity is insulating materials, electronics or ion can accumulate on the surface of the material, lead to inside cavity
Electrical field deformation forms the electric field for being directed toward lens, makes electronics or ion guide ion lens, enhances the transmission effect of electronics or ion
Rate.Therefore, cavity material is preferably insulating materials.
Cavity is by discharge electrode, and light source and electric field lens are close is placed in cavity can be real by the intracorporal air pressure of control chamber
It discharges under existing different air pressure.In the present invention, since electronics is provided by photoelectric effect, the source of electronics no longer receives the control of air pressure
System, therefore the air pressure of cavity can work below 10 atmospheric pressure and under the air pressure of 0.001Pa or more.
Embodiment one
This example is positive corona discharge ionization, and discharge electrode, light source and lens are placed in inside cavity.Discharge electrode conducting wire passes through
Cavity, and sealed in cavity and discharge electrode contact position.Electric field lens are located at discharge electrode end, by three annular electrode structures
At.The distance of first annulus distance of center circle discharge electrode is 5mm, and eccentric distance 1mm, annulus outer diameter is 50mm, internal radius
Respectively 30mm, 20mm and 5mm.Annulus spacing is 5mm, and annulus is with a thickness of 5mm.Interior circular diameter limits gas in annular electrode
Flow resistance, make the intracorporal air pressure of chamber in 10Pa between 1000Pa.Cavity is made of stainless steel material, and air pressure inside is by cavity wall
On air inlet pipe flow resistance control.Discharge electrode surface deposition of carbon nanotubes, the voltage of application is in 20V between 5000V.Light source by
The VUV lamp group of 4 radio-frequency drives is at portion within the cavity, VUV lamp is radiated on cavity inner wall respectively, generates photoelectron.Radiation
Photon wavelength range out is 194nm to 182nm.Under this example, discharge power supply can steadily provide cation.
Embodiment two
This example is negative corona discharge ionization.Discharge electrode and lens are placed in inside cavity.Light source setting is led in containment portion
The collector lens being arranged on cavity is crossed, by light focusing on discharge electrode.Light source is made of one group of LED light, is located at cavity
Outside, the optical wavelength radiated is in 600nm between 200nm.The experimental results showed that can steadily obtain electricity using this light source
Sub- emission current.Cavity is made of insulating materials.Discharge electrode be inserted into inside cavity, and junction seal, apply voltage be-
50 to -4000V.Sample feeding pipe is located at discharge electrode rear end, and sample gas is carried to inside cavity.Lens are made of magnetic material.
The vertical range of first annulus center of circle and discharge electrode is 0 to 30cm, preferably 10cm, and eccentric distance is the 0 of internal radius
To 80%, preferably 5%.Apply radio-frequency voltage on lens.It, can be by generation by lens radio-frequency voltage and frequency optimization
50% or more anion is transmitted to next cavity.Simulated experiment shows pressure control in 100Pa, be conducive to anion occur from
Sub- molecule reaction, to improve the sensitivity to strong electrophilic molecule.
It can be seen that other contents based on the invention patent by the above embodiment, but professional person need to only be done
Tiny change, it is easy to accomplish variant, for example increase on the basis of cavity of the present invention and change cavity geometry, using not sharing the same light
Source, or change and apply voltage system etc. on discharge electrode, as long as the structure type that formation this patent is covered, covering in this patent
Within the scope of lid.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electric discharge device of photoelectric effect enhancing, including discharge electrode, light source, cavity and electric field lens.
2. discharge electrode according to claim 1, is constructed from a material that be electrically conducting, the voltage applied be pulsed dc voltage or
Exchange the voltage of variation.
3. discharge electrode according to claim 1, surface is equipped with one or more tips.
4. electric field lens according to claim 1 are made of one group of annular electrode, it is located at discharge electrode end.
5. annular electrode according to claim 4, is made of magnetic material.
6. annular electrode according to claim 4 applies different DC voltages, electrostatic lenses is formed.
7. light source according to claim 1, the light given off generates photoelectron on discharge electrode or cavity.
8. light source according to claim 1, the light given off is focused on discharge electrode or cavity.
9. cavity according to claim 1, by discharge electrode, light source and electric field lens are placed in cavity.
10. light source according to claim 1, is placed in outside cavity and photon is injected chamber by the window by being arranged on cavity
Internal portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810422408.6A CN110444462A (en) | 2018-05-05 | 2018-05-05 | A kind of electric discharge device of photoelectric effect enhancing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810422408.6A CN110444462A (en) | 2018-05-05 | 2018-05-05 | A kind of electric discharge device of photoelectric effect enhancing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110444462A true CN110444462A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
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| CN201810422408.6A Pending CN110444462A (en) | 2018-05-05 | 2018-05-05 | A kind of electric discharge device of photoelectric effect enhancing |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113436957A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 苏州传澈特种材料有限公司 | Corona discharge assembly and testing device |
-
2018
- 2018-05-05 CN CN201810422408.6A patent/CN110444462A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113436957A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 苏州传澈特种材料有限公司 | Corona discharge assembly and testing device |
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Application publication date: 20191112 |