CN110439722A - A kind of wear-resistant Francis turbine adapting to high water head, high revolving speed and high sediment concentration - Google Patents
A kind of wear-resistant Francis turbine adapting to high water head, high revolving speed and high sediment concentration Download PDFInfo
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- CN110439722A CN110439722A CN201910601497.5A CN201910601497A CN110439722A CN 110439722 A CN110439722 A CN 110439722A CN 201910601497 A CN201910601497 A CN 201910601497A CN 110439722 A CN110439722 A CN 110439722A
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- Prior art keywords
- runner
- guide vane
- turbine
- wear
- blade
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
- F03B3/183—Adjustable vanes, e.g. wicket gates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of adaptation high water heads, the wear-resistant Francis turbine of high revolving speed and high sediment concentration, including spiral case, fixed guide vane, movable guide vane, runner and draft tube, movable guide vane molded line is symmetrical two cubic curve groups, keep the flow velocity in guide vane domain and drag losses in runner smaller, flow more smooth, effectively abrasion of the mitigation silt to guide vane exit region；The long-short blade rotating wheel of brand-new design, to runner diameter, subtended angle of blade, vane inlet laying angle, import to the vane thickness changing rule of outlet, can preferably match flow field and rotaring wheel structure intensity, significantly reduce abrasion of the silt to outlet of rotary wheel side.The hydraulic turbine of the invention can substantially reduce the flow velocity in guide vane domain and runner domain, significantly improve the wear-resistant performance of runner and guide vane under the conditions of hyper-concentration flow, and mitigate the vibration and pressure fluctuation of unit, it can be obviously prolonged the maintenance replacement cycle of runner and guide vane, improve the operation stability and safe operating life of the hydraulic turbine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fluid Machinery and Engineering equipment technical field, in particular to a kind of Francis turbine especially relates to
And a kind of Francis turbine for the low-specific-speed resisting silt abrasion for adapting to high water head, high revolving speed and high sediment concentration.
Background technique
Sediment concentration is higher in a plurality of river in China, and grains of sand diameter is bigger than normal, therefore sand erosion is long-term to the hydraulic turbine
The influence of stable operation is the factor for needing emphasis to consider in design process.It is mostly used in the power station built up on high concentration of sediment river
Francis turbine, runner form are rich and varied.
Its main runner feature is runner using lower revolving speed, however the investigation of practical power station finds guide vane rate of depreciation
Far more than runner, becoming influences the restraining factors that unit operates normally and controls the overhaul life.This is because low in high water head
Than fast Francis turbine, guide vane hydraulic turbine under small guide vane reaches rated power, this results in guide vane, and to stream absolute flow velocity big
Relative velocity is rotated in runner, sand erosion position gradually expands to guide vane from runner.Runner is matching guide vane outlet stream simultaneously
Fast direction, vane inlet bending is serious, and runner import, outlet port flow velocity are higher.Cause the rate of wear of runner and guide vane equal
It greatly increases.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome a series of defects of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of wear-resistant mixed-flows
The hydraulic turbine, to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
The wear-resistant Francis turbine of a kind of adaptation high water head, high revolving speed and high sediment concentration of the invention, including spiral case
(1), fixed guide vane (2), movable guide vane (3), runner (4) and draft tube (5), wherein
The movable guide vane molded line is the closed curve of symmetrical two cubic curves composition, the equation of cubic curve are as follows:
Y=0.000003x3-0.0006x2-0.112x+29.514
The structure of the runner (4) is that several turbine blades (7), In are installed in the downside of the runner crown (8) on top
The lower end of turbine blade (7) is installed by the runner lower ring (6) coaxial with runner crown (8), the runner crown (8) and the hydraulic turbine
The highest point that blade (7) is in contact to the runner lower ring (6) with turbine blade (7) distance h between corresponding highest point
For 125-135mm；
The linear leaf of the turbine blade (7) and the intermediate cross-section of short blade are two sections of end to end curve compositions
Closed curve.
Wherein, the equation of two curves of linear leaf is respectively as follows:
Y=0.0000001x4+0.00001x3-0.0081x2+0.1904x+67.165
Y=0.00000001x4+0.00002x3-0.0103x2+0.4251x+62.951
The equation of two curves of short blade is respectively as follows:
Y=0.000002x4-0.0012x3+0.2179x2-18.193x+624.89
Y=0.0000006x4-0.0002x3+0.0233x2-1.3429x+88.844
The right cone segment length of the draft tube (5) and the diameter in import section are adjusted, is made in the guide vane on the runner (4)
The height difference H of the heart to tail water tube bottom plate is 3200-3250mm, and import diameter of section Dd is 650-680mm.
The invention has the benefit that
1, using long-short blade rotating wheel, to runner diameter, subtended angle of blade, vane inlet laying angle, import to the leaf exported
Piece thickness change rule carries out completely new design, not only preferably matches flow field and rotaring wheel structure intensity, can significantly reduce silt
Abrasion to outlet of rotary wheel side.
2, the flow velocity in movable guide vane domain and drag losses in runner are smaller, flow more smooth, can effectively mitigate silt
Abrasion to guide vane exit region.
3, due to substantially increasing the resisting silt abrasion performance of runner and guide vane relative to other existing units, vibration is reduced
Dynamic, pressure fluctuation and runner bucket dynamic stress, the probability for keeping runner bucket cracked substantially reduce, the hydraulic turbine it is stable
Property and safe operating life are improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of Francis turbine of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the runner sectional view of Francis turbine of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the fixed guide vane of Francis turbine of the present invention and the layout drawing of movable guide vane；
Fig. 4 is the schematic shapes of the movable guide vane of Francis turbine of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the runner bucket intermediate cross-section schematic diagram of Francis turbine of the present invention；
Appended drawing reference in figure are as follows:
1- spiral case；2- fixed guide vane；3- movable guide vane；4- rotary wheel of water turbine；5- draft tube；
6- runner lower ring；7- turbine blade；8- runner crown；9- fixed guide vane；10- movable guide vane；
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the invention implemented clearer, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, identical from beginning to end or class
As label indicate same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Described embodiment is the present invention
A part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.The word of embodiment and directionality below with reference to attached drawing description
It is exemplary, it is intended to be used to explain the present invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention.Based on the implementation in the present invention
Example, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to
The scope of protection of the invention.The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In a broad embodiment of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of adaptation high water head, high revolving speed and high sediment concentrations
Wear-resistant Francis turbine, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in Figure 1, the hydraulic turbine includes spiral case 1, fixed guide vane 2, movable guide vane 3, rotary wheel of water turbine 4 and draft tube 5.
As shown in Fig. 2, the structure of rotary wheel of water turbine 4 are as follows: install several hydraulic turbine leaves in the downside of the runner crown 8 on top
Piece 7 installs the runner lower ring 6 coaxial with runner crown 8, the runner crown 8 and hydraulic turbine leaf in the lower end of turbine blade 7
The highest point that piece 7 is in contact distance h between the corresponding highest point of turbine blade 7 to the runner lower ring 6, i.e., on runner
The difference in height of hat 8 and runner lower ring face is 125-135mm.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, fixed guide vane 2 is located at the outer ring of movable guide vane 3；Subtract to reduce the realization of guide vane muzzle velocity
The shape of the movable guide vane 3 is designed to symmetrical guide vane, and makes special design to guide vane tail portion by the purpose gently worn, and is made
Its thickness reduces, local velocity reduces, and improves its antiwear property.Guide vane profile is closing for symmetrical two cubic curves composition
Close curve, the equation of cubic curve are as follows:
Y=0.000003x3-0.0006x2-0.112x+29.514
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, to reduce relative velocity in runner channel, the wear resistance of runner is improved, and synthesis is examined
Consider factors, this research such as hydraulic performance, the structural strength of Proper Match, the hydraulic turbine for going out with guide vane and flowing to turn using long and short blade
Take turns pattern.The long and short blade intermediate cross-section of turbine blade is the closed curve of two sections of end to end curve compositions, linear leaf
The equations of two curves be respectively as follows:
Y=0.0000001x4+0.00001x3-0.0081x2+0.1904x+67.165
Y=0.00000001x4+0.00002x3-0.0103x2+0.4251x+62.951
The equation of two curves of short blade is respectively as follows:
Y=0.000002x4-0.0012x3+0.2179x2-18.193x+624.89
Y=0.0000006x4-0.0002x3+0.0233x2-1.3429x+88.844
As shown in Figure 1, increasing the right cone segment length of the draft tube 5 and the diameter in import section, make on the runner
The height difference H of guide vane center to tail water tube bottom plate is 3200-3250mm, and import diameter of section Dd is 650-680mm, reaches effective
Draft tube self-energy is recycled, hydraulic loss is reduced, improves the purpose of unit efficiency.
The present invention has carried out numerical simulation and on-the-spot test on prototype Francis turbine, analyzes runner and guide vane domain
Flow field relative velocity analyzes influence of the flow channel shape variation to energy characteristics, cavitation performance and stability, analyzes each section
The hydraulic performance of the flow losses of runner and different operating conditions.Pass through test data and actual effect, it is found that use this
The unit of invention can substantially reduce the flow velocity in guide vane domain and runner domain relative to other existing units, significantly improve hyper-concentration flow
Runner and the wear-resistant performance of guide vane in condition.Furthermore it is dynamic to reduce runner bucket for the vibration and pressure fluctuation for alleviating unit
Stress can be obviously prolonged the maintenance replacement cycle of runner and guide vane in silt carrying flow, improve the operation stability and peace of the hydraulic turbine
Full service life.
Finally it is noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations.To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, those skilled in the art should understand that: it is still
It is possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or part of technical characteristic is equally replaced
It changes；And these are modified or replaceed, the essence for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
Mind and range.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of wear-resistant Francis turbine for adapting to high water head, high revolving speed and high sediment concentration, including spiral case (1), fixation are led
Leaf (2), movable guide vane (3), runner (4) and draft tube (5), which is characterized in that
The movable guide vane molded line is the closed curve of symmetrical two cubic curves composition, the equation of cubic curve are as follows:
Y=0.000003x3-0.0006x2-0.112x+29.514
The structure of the runner (4) is that several turbine blades (7) are installed in the downside of the runner crown (8) on top, in water wheels
The lower end of machine blade (7) is installed by the runner lower ring (6) coaxial with runner crown (8), the runner crown (8) and turbine blade
(7) to the runner lower ring (6), distance h is between corresponding highest point with turbine blade (7) for the highest point being in contact
125-135mm；
The linear leaf of the turbine blade (7) and the intermediate cross-section of short blade are closing for two sections of end to end curve compositions
Close curve；
Wherein, the equation of two curves of linear leaf is respectively as follows:
Y=0.0000001x4+0.00001x3-0.0081x2+0.1904x+67.165
Y=0.00000001x4+0.00002x3-0.0103x2+0.4251x+62.951
The equation of two curves of short blade is respectively as follows:
Y=0.000002x4-0.0012x3+0.2179x2-18.193x+624.89
Y=0.0000006x4-0.0002x3+0.0233x2-1.3429x+88.844
The right cone segment length of the draft tube (5) and the diameter in import section are adjusted, makes guide vane center on the runner (4) extremely
The height difference H of tail water tube bottom plate is 3200-3250mm, and import diameter of section Dd is 650-680mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910601497.5A CN110439722B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Wear-resistant mixed-flow water turbine suitable for high water head, high rotating speed and high sand content |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910601497.5A CN110439722B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Wear-resistant mixed-flow water turbine suitable for high water head, high rotating speed and high sand content |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110439722A true CN110439722A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
| CN110439722B CN110439722B (en) | 2020-06-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910601497.5A Active CN110439722B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Wear-resistant mixed-flow water turbine suitable for high water head, high rotating speed and high sand content |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59190480A (en) * | 1983-04-11 | 1984-10-29 | Toshiba Eng Co Ltd | Horizontal francis water wheel |
| CN1702317A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2005-11-30 | 清华大学 | Mixed flow water turbine with an eddy suppressor |
| CN102011672A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-04-13 | 清华大学 | Radial-axial flow turbine employing novel guide blade and runner blade profile |
| CN202756162U (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-02-27 | 清华大学 | Mixed-flow water turbine adopting novel guide vane and runner blade molded lines |
| CN103696895A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Mixed-flow type water pump turbine |
| CN203962464U (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-11-26 | 清华大学 | The mixed flow pump turbine runner of decline slant height flanging |
-
2019
- 2019-07-05 CN CN201910601497.5A patent/CN110439722B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59190480A (en) * | 1983-04-11 | 1984-10-29 | Toshiba Eng Co Ltd | Horizontal francis water wheel |
| CN1702317A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2005-11-30 | 清华大学 | Mixed flow water turbine with an eddy suppressor |
| CN102011672A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-04-13 | 清华大学 | Radial-axial flow turbine employing novel guide blade and runner blade profile |
| CN202756162U (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-02-27 | 清华大学 | Mixed-flow water turbine adopting novel guide vane and runner blade molded lines |
| CN103696895A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Mixed-flow type water pump turbine |
| CN203962464U (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-11-26 | 清华大学 | The mixed flow pump turbine runner of decline slant height flanging |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110439722B (en) | 2020-06-23 |
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