CN201065807Y - High specific speed packaged axial flow fixed paddle type turbine generation unit - Google Patents

Abstract

High specific speed integrated axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set, including water turbine, generator and governor, the governor is connected to the water turbine, the generator is connected to the water turbine, and the water turbine includes a volute and a runner, seat ring, movable The guide vane, bottom ring and draft tube, the runner includes the runner body and blades, the volute is provided with a water inlet, the water flows through the volute water inlet, seat ring, movable guide vane, bottom ring and runner in turn, and passes through the draft tube Discharge, the runner body is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the generator, the shape of the front and rear of the blade cross section is an arc that gradually sinks from the outside to the inside of the blade, the thickness of the inside of the blade is greater than that of the outside, and the radius of the arc of the front of the blade is from the inside of the blade to the inside. The outer side of the blade gradually increases, and the inner frontal line of the front part of the blade near the runner body is lower than the outer frontal line of the blade. The high specific speed integrated axial flow fixed paddle water turbine generating set of the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, high specific speed and high efficiency in the working condition of large flow, and can effectively improve the unit flow in the optimal working condition.

Description

High specific speed integrated axial flow fixed paddle hydro-generator set

technical field

The utility model relates to a hydraulic generator set, in particular to a high specific speed integral axial flow fixed paddle hydraulic generator set.

Background technique

At present, there are two kinds of axial-flow turbines: rotary blade type and fixed blade type. Rotary paddle type turbines often need to be equipped with double speed regulation, oil receiver, operating oil pipe and hydraulic transmission system, association mechanism, recovery structure, generator shaft and turbine. All the shafts must be made hollow so that the operating mechanism can be arranged therein. In this way, the propeller type axial flow turbine has a complex structure and high cost and can only be used in large-scale units. The fixed paddle axial flow turbine overcomes the above shortcomings, simplifies the structure and reduces the cost. Generally, the high-specific-speed self-contained axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set installed with the axial-flow fixed-blade turbine includes an axial-flow fixed-blade turbine, a generator and a governor. The generator is connected to the water turbine, and the water turbine drives the generator. For power generation, the governor is connected with the water turbine to control the speed and flow of the water turbine. Axial fixed paddle turbine includes volute, runner, seat ring, movable guide vane, base and draft tube, while the runner, seat ring, movable guide vane, base and draft tube are located inside the volute, and the volute has a water inlet And the water outlet, the water outlet is connected with the draft tube, and there are multiple fixed guide vanes fixed along the ring inside the seat ring. Each fixed guide vane is inclined at a certain angle and there is a gap between each fixed guide vane to ensure that water can flow through the fixed guide vanes There are multiple movable guide vanes inside the seat ring corresponding to the positions of the fixed guide vanes. A part of the movable guide vanes is located in the bottom ring. The bottom ring is an annular tube with corners. The ring conduit is formed. The movable guide vane is located at the position of the annular duct on the upper part of the bottom ring. The direction of water flow in the upper annular duct is the horizontal direction. After passing through the corner duct, the flow direction of the water flow in the lower annular duct of the bottom ring is the vertical direction. The guide vane can rotate around the center. The runner includes a runner body and blades. A plurality of blades are arranged and fixed around the runner body. Generally, the blades are fixed on the runner body by welding. The runner body is fixedly connected with the main shaft of the generator, and the rotation of the runner body drives the main shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the generator to generate electricity. When in use, the axial-flow fixed-blade turbine is fixed on the bank. After the water flows in from the water inlet of the turbine, it passes through the seat ring, passes through the fixed guide vane fixed around the seat ring, and then flows through the movable guide vane. Driven by the water flow, there is a certain angle of deviation, and then flows into the bottom ring, and then enters the lower annular conduit of the bottom ring after passing through the corner conduit of the bottom ring and flows over the blade of the runner directly below it. The water flow drives the blade clockwise Or counterclockwise movement, and at the same time drive the runner body to rotate, and then drive the main shaft of the generator to rotate to complete the power generation work. At the same time, the water flows out of the water turbine through the draft pipe provided at the water outlet of the water turbine, so that the water behind flows into the water turbine to generate electricity. The governor is connected with the water turbine to adjust the speed of the water turbine. However, the disadvantage of such a hydro turbine generating set is that since its volute adopts a "T" or "Γ" concrete volute, the pouring technology is relatively difficult and the construction cost is relatively high. At the same time, because the blade itself is designed as an arc-shaped terrace whose cross-sectional shape is close to the inner side of the runner body and gradually decreases from the outer side of the runner body, the flow capacity of the turbine itself is not strong. Under the circumstances, the efficiency is not high, and the specific speed of the runner is not high.

Contents of the invention

The utility model is completed in order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art. The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high specific speed with simple structure, high specific speed, high efficiency in high flow conditions, and effectively improving the unit flow rate in optimal conditions. Fully assembled axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set.

The high-specific-speed integrated axial-flow fixed-blade hydroelectric generating set of the utility model includes a water turbine, a generator and a governor, the governor is connected to the water turbine, the generator is connected to the water turbine, The water turbine includes a volute and a runner located inside the volute, a seat ring, a movable guide vane, a bottom ring and a draft tube, and the runner includes a runner body and blades surrounding the runner body. The volute is provided with a water inlet, and the water flow sequentially passes through the volute water inlet, seat ring, movable guide vane, bottom ring and runner, and is discharged through the draft tube, and the runner body is fixedly connected with the main shaft of the generator , characterized in that: the shape of the front and rear parts of the cross-section of the blade is an arc that gradually sinks from the outside of the blade away from the runner body to the inside of the blade close to the runner body, and the thickness of the inner side of the blade is greater than the The thickness of the outer side, the arc radius of the front part of the blade gradually increases from the inner side of the blade to the outer side of the blade, and the front side shape line of the inner side of the front part of the blade near the runner body is lower than the front side shape line of the outer side of the blade.

The high specific speed integrated axial-flow fixed paddle hydro-generator set of the present utility model can also be:

The blade twist angle is any value between 25° and 45°.

A further preferred solution is that the blade twist angle is any value between 25° and 30°.

The movable guide vane is located in the upper horizontal annular duct of the bottom ring, the vertical annular duct at the lower part of the bottom ring communicates with the above-mentioned horizontal annular duct through a corner duct, and the lower vertical annular duct is located above the blades , the diameter of the inflection point of the corner conduit is between 1.101 and 1.11 times the diameter of the runner, and the radius of curvature of the corner conduit increases gradually.

The diameter of the inflection point of the corner conduit is 1.107 times the diameter of the runner.

The volute is a circular metal volute.

The generator is detachably mounted on the volute through a connecting seat, and the governor is mounted on the volute.

The generator is detachably connected to the water turbine through a connecting seat.

The blades are twisted into an "X" shape.

Compared with the prior art, the high-specific-speed integrated axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set of the present utility model has the following advantages: because the shape of the front and rear parts of the cross-section of the blade gradually sinks from the outside of the blade to the inside of the blade Arc-shaped, the inner thickness of the blade is greater than the outer thickness, the arc radius of the blade front gradually increases from the inner side of the blade to the outer side of the blade, and the front side of the front side of the blade near the runner body is lower than the front side of the blade. The sunken shape of the overall blade can enhance the flow capacity, improve the efficiency under the condition of large flow, increase the specific speed of the runner, increase the power generation per unit time, and improve the power generation efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a high specific speed self-contained axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the runner of the utility model high-specific-speed integrated axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set.

Fig. 3a is a cross-sectional view of blades of an existing high-specific-speed integrated axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set.

Fig. 3b is a cross-sectional view of the blade of the axial-flow fixed-blade hydroelectric generator of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the blade torsion angle of the high-specific-speed integrated axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set of the utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the bottom ring of the high specific speed self-contained axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set of the present invention.

Description of figure number

1...Generator 2...Connecting seat 3...Governor 41...Volute

42...Runner body 43...Active guide vane 44...Fixed guide vane 45...Blade

46...draft tube 47...bottom ring 471...upper ring guide

472...Corner conduit 473...Lower circular conduit

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 for the high specific speed integrated axial flow fixed paddle hydro turbine generating set of the present utility model, which includes an axial flow fixed paddle hydro turbine, a generator 1 and a governor 3, and the generator 1 is connected to the water turbine , the water turbine drives the generator 1 to generate electricity, and the governor 3 is connected with the water turbine to control the speed change of the water turbine. The water turbine comprises a volute 41, a runner, a seat ring, a movable guide vane 43, a base and a draft tube 46, and the runner, a seat ring, a movable guide vane 43, a base and a draft tube 46 are located inside the volute 41, and the volute 41 has The water inlet and the water outlet, the water outlet is connected with the draft pipe 46, a plurality of fixed guide vanes 44 are fixed along the ring inside the seat ring, each fixed guide vane 44 is inclined at a certain angle and there is a gap between each fixed guide vane 44 to ensure The water flow can flow through the fixed guide vane 44, and a plurality of movable guide vanes 43 are arranged inside the seat ring corresponding to the position of the fixed guide vane 44. The bottom ring 47 is an annular conduit with corners, which is composed of an upper annular conduit connected by a corner pipe. 471 and the lower annular conduit 47, the function of the bottom ring 47 is to change the flow direction of the water flow, a part of the movable guide vane 43 is located in the bottom ring 47, and a part of the movable guide vane 43 is at the position of the upper ring of the bottom ring 47, in the upper ring conduit The flow direction of the water flow is the horizontal direction, and the direction of the water flow in the lower ring conduit of the bottom ring 47 after the corner is the vertical direction. The center of the movable guide vane 43 is fixed, and the movable guide vane 43 can rotate around the center. 45, a plurality of blades 45 are arranged and fixed around the runner body 42, and generally the blades 45 are fixed on the runner body 42 by welding. The runner body 42 is fixedly connected with the main shaft of the generator 1 , the rotation of the runner body 42 drives the main shaft to rotate, and then drives the generator 1 to generate electricity. When in use, the axial-flow fixed-blade water turbine is fixed on the bank. After the water flows in from the water inlet of the turbine, it passes through the seat ring, passes through the fixed guide vane 44 fixed around the seat ring, and then flows through the movable guide vane 43. The movable guide vane Driven by the water flow, the leaves 43 have a certain angle of deviation, then flow into the bottom ring 47, and after passing through the corner conduit 472 of the bottom ring 47, enter the lower annular conduit 47 of the bottom ring 47 and flow through the runner located directly below it. On the blade 45, the water flow drives the blade 45 to move clockwise or counterclockwise, and at the same time drives the runner body 42 to rotate, and then drives the main shaft of the generator 1 to rotate to complete power generation. At the same time, the water flows out of the water turbine through the draft pipe 46 provided at the water outlet of the water turbine, so that the water behind flows into the water turbine to generate electricity. The governor 3 is connected with the water turbine to adjust the speed of the water turbine. Please refer to Fig. 2, the surface of the water turbine blade 45 directly in contact with the water flow is the front of the blade 45, and the water flow flows out from the bottom ring 47 to the front of the blade 45. Because the blade 45 has a twist angle, the blade 45 is under the action of flowing water. Moving downwards and backwards, the flowing water is discharged from the draft pipe 46 after flowing through the front surface of the blade 45. A plurality of blades 45 are arranged on the circumference of the runner body 42, and each blade 45 is arranged at intervals. The blades 45 are connected with the rotor body 42. The position is the inner side of the blade 45 , and the position where the blade 45 is away from the runner body 42 is the outer side. Please refer to Fig. 3b, the shape of the front part and the rear part of the cross-sectional shape of the blade 45 is an arc shape of the impeller sinking from the outside to the inside of the impeller, and the overall cross-sectional shape of the blade 45 is gradually raised from the inside to the outside, and gradually bulges. The arc radius of the front part of the cross-section of the blade 45 gradually increases from the inside to the outside of the blade 45. The front line of the cross-section of the blade 45 is the front profile line 45A, and the front part of the blade 45 is close to the runner body 42. Wire. The inner thickness of the blade 45 is greater than the thickness of the outer side of the blade 45 to ensure that the blade 45 will not break. The runner installed with the blades 45 of this structure has enhanced flow capacity, greatly enhanced efficiency under high flow conditions, increased unit flow under optimum conditions, and increased specific rotational speed of the runner. The cross-sectional shape of the existing blade 45 is shown in Figure 3a, the front line of the cross-section of the blade 45 is the front profile line 45A, the thickness of the blade 45 of the existing impeller gradually decreases from the inside to the outside, and the front profile line of the blade 45 inside is higher than Front profile of blade outer side. After testing, the high-specific-speed integrated axial-flow fixed-blade hydro-generator set equipped with the blade 45 has a unit flow rate of 0.338-0.4212m greater than that of the existing hydro-generator. ³ /s, large flow efficiency increased by 3% to 8%, and the optimal working condition specific speed increased by 100m·kW. Please refer to Fig. 3b, the welding part between the inner side of the blade 45 and the runner body 42 is a convex arc 45C, which increases the welding area between the blade 45 and the runner body 42, the combination of the blade 45 and the runner body 42 is stronger, and the runner is not easily damaged.

On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the high-specific-speed integrated axial-flow fixed-blade water turbine generator set of the present utility model can be further designed such that the blade 45 has a twist angle between 25° and 45°. The blade 45 torsion angle is the difference between the inside of the runner and the outside of the runner, and the installation angle is the angle between the chord line of the blade 45 and the horizontal plane. The inside of the blade 45 has a large installation angle and the outside of the blade 45 has a small installation angle. Not more than 20°. When the twist angle of the blade 45 is increased to between 25° and 45°, the installation angle of the blade 45 inside and outside the blade 45 has a large difference, and the difference between the inside and outside installation angle of the blade 45 at the water inlet is relatively large, which are respectively suitable for different incoming flows. Angle, to ensure that there is always a section of attack angle that is small or close to 0 within a large range, thus ensuring a large application range and high efficiency range. When the torsion angle of the blade 45 is 25° to 45°, under the condition that the outer edge of the blade 45 remains unchanged, the inner opening of the blade 45 is relatively large, and the flow is large, so that the optimal area of the runner is shifted to the large flow rate. In the working area, under the same conditions, it can be ensured that the placement angle of the outer edge of the blade 45 is small, and the efficiency at high unit speed is high. A further preferred solution is that the twist angle of the blade 45 is between 25° and 30°. Runners with torsion angles of 20°, 25°, 28°, 30°, 38° and 45° were tested under the same conditions, and the torsion angles were 25°, 28°, 30°, 38° and 45° ° relative to the runner with a twist angle of 20°, the flow rate increases by 8%, 11%, 9%, 7% and 6%, respectively, and the efficiency at unit speed increases by 15%, 22%, 17%, and 14% respectively. % and 10%. It is also possible that the blade 45 is twisted into an "X" shape, which can increase the flow rate, improve the efficiency of the large flow area, and improve cavitation and stability performance.

The high specific speed integral axial-flow fixed-blade hydroelectric generating set of the utility model is further improved on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments. It may be that the above-mentioned movable guide vane 43 is located in the upper annular duct 471 (also called a horizontal annular duct) arranged horizontally on the bottom ring 47, and the water flow flows horizontally in the upper annular duct 471, and the water flow turns to the lower annular duct after passing through the corner duct 472. The conduit 47 (also known as the vertical circular conduit) moves vertically downward, the vertical circular conduit is located above the blade 45, and the corner diameter of the conduit 472 is 1.101 to 1.11 times the diameter of the runner, preferably 1.107 times, the corner The radius of curvature of the conduit 472 gradually increases. The bottom ring 47 with such a structure not only reduces the loss caused by the shedding vortex, but also reduces the water flow loss in the wedge-shaped area at the outlet of the guide vane. After testing the water turbines with the bottom ring 47 installed with corner conduits 472 inflection point diameters of 1.101 times, 1.107 times, 1.11 times and 1.121 times the runner diameter, the corner conduit 472 inflection point diameters were respectively 1.101 times, 1.101 times, and 1.121 times the runner diameter. 1.107 times and 1.11 times the diameter of the bottom ring 47 is 1.121 times of the diameter of the runner relative to the corner conduit 472, and the running water loss is less than 7%, 11% and 8%.

On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, the high-specific-speed integrated axial-flow fixed-blade hydroelectric generating set of the present utility model can also be that the volute 41 of the water turbine is a circular metal volute 41, and the circular metal volute 41 is used. The advantage of the circular volute 41 is that the resistance of the water flow is reduced, and the loss of the water flow is relatively small, while the advantage of the metal volute 41 is that it is more convenient to disassemble than the concrete volute 41, light in weight, and more convenient to install and transport. Maintenance is also more convenient, such as when parts such as the runner inside the housing need to be replaced, it is more convenient and cost-saving. The generator 1 is detachably mounted on the volute 41 through the connecting seat 2, and the governor 3 is mounted on the volute 41, so that there is no need to set up another layer of the generator, and the structure is compact. The generator 1 is detachably connected to the water turbine through the connection base 2, and the connection base 2 can be installed on the upper part of the casing, so that the generator 1 and the casing can be disassembled, so as to facilitate replacement or maintenance of other parts in the runner and the water turbine.

The above only illustrates several specific embodiments of the present utility model, but it cannot be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent change or modification made according to the design spirit of the present utility model shall be considered as falling within the scope of this utility model. Protection scope of utility model.

Claims (10)

1. the self-contained axial flow of height ratio speed is decided oar formula hydraulic generator unit, comprise water turbine, generator (1) and speed regulator (3), described speed regulator (3) is connected with described water turbine, described generator (1) is connected with described water turbine, described water turbine comprises spiral case (41) and is positioned at the inner runner of spiral case (41), seat ring, movable guide vane (43), base ring (47) and draft tube (46), described runner comprises web (42) and around the blade of being located on the described web (42) (45), described spiral case (41) is provided with water intake, described current are successively by spiral case (41) water intake, seat ring, movable guide vane (43), base ring (47) and runner, and by draft tube (46) discharge, described web (42) is fixedlyed connected with described generator (1) main shaft, it is characterized in that: described blade (45) cross section front and rear is shaped as the arc that described blade (45) progressively sinks near the inboard of web (42) to described blade (45) away from the outside of web (42), the inboard thickness of described blade (45) is greater than described thickness as outside, the anterior arc radius of described blade (45) progressively increases to described blade (45) outside by described blade (45) is inboard, and the anterior inboard front molded lines near web (42) of described blade (45) is lower than front, described blade (45) outside molded lines.

2. the self-contained axial flow of height ratio speed according to claim 1 is decided oar formula hydraulic generator unit, and it is characterized in that: described blade (45) torsional angle angle value is an any number between 25 ° to 45 °.

3. the self-contained axial flow of height ratio speed according to claim 2 is decided oar formula hydraulic generator unit, and it is characterized in that: described blade (45) torsional angle angle value is an any number between 25 ° to 30 °.

4. the self-contained axial flow of height ratio speed according to claim 1 is decided oar formula hydraulic generator unit, it is characterized in that: described movable guide vane (43) is positioned at described base ring (47) upper level ring duct (471), described base ring (47) bottom vertical ring duct (473) is communicated with described upper level ring duct (471) by turning conduit (472), described bottom vertical ring duct (473) is positioned at the top of described blade (45), described turning conduit (472) flex point diameter is that turning conduit (472) radius of curvature increases gradually between 1.101 times to 1.11 times of runner diameter.

5. the self-contained axial flow of height ratio speed according to claim 4 is decided oar formula hydraulic generator unit, and it is characterized in that: described turning conduit (472) flex point diameter is 1.107 times of runner diameter.

6. decide oar formula hydraulic generator unit according to the self-contained axial flow of the described height ratio speed of any claim of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described movable guide vane (43) is positioned at described base ring (47) upper level ring duct (471), described base ring (47) bottom vertical ring duct (473) is communicated with described upper level ring duct (471) by turning conduit (472), described bottom vertical ring duct (473) is positioned at the top of described blade (45), described turning conduit (472) flex point diameter is that turning conduit (472) radius of curvature increases gradually between 1.101 times to 1.11 times of runner diameter.

7. decide oar formula hydraulic generator unit according to the self-contained axial flow of the described height ratio speed of any claim of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described spiral case (41) is a circular metal spiral case (41).

8. the self-contained axial flow of height ratio speed according to claim 7 is decided oar formula hydraulic generator unit, and it is characterized in that: described generator (1) detachably is installed on the described spiral case (41) by connecting base (2), and described speed regulator (3) is installed on the spiral case (41).

9. decide oar formula hydraulic generator unit according to the self-contained axial flow of the described height ratio speed of any claim in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described generator (1) removably connects by connecting base (2) and described water turbine.

10. decide oar formula hydraulic generator unit according to the self-contained axial flow of the described height ratio speed of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described blade (45) distortion is " X " shape.

Images