CN110429687A - A kind of battery charging management circuit - Google Patents
A kind of battery charging management circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110429687A CN110429687A CN201910791107.5A CN201910791107A CN110429687A CN 110429687 A CN110429687 A CN 110429687A CN 201910791107 A CN201910791107 A CN 201910791107A CN 110429687 A CN110429687 A CN 110429687A
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present embodiments relate to a kind of battery charging management circuits, wherein the first input end of two road gates connects the first reference voltage output end, second input the second reference voltage output end of termination；Gate control signal is constant-voltage charge finishing control signal；First amplifier comparator, electrode input end connect the output end of two road gates, and negative input connects chip voltage sampling pin, output termination signal output pin；When the voltage of negative input reaches at or above the voltage of electrode input end, battery charging enters constant-voltage charge mode, and the status signal output of the first amplifier comparator exports constant-voltage charge marking signal；Constant-voltage charge finishing control signal generation module, including third amplifier comparator, timer and/or logic processing module, the timing of the constant-voltage charge of voltage and output constant-voltage charge marking signal triggering based on current sample pin, triggering output constant-voltage charge finishing control signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic circuit technology field more particularly to a kind of battery charging management circuits
Background technique
Lithium battery charging circuit is since its structure is simple, the features such as peripheral component is few, very widely used.It was charging
Cheng Zhong, if charger is not extracted always, battery can be always maintained at charged state, and only charging current is smaller, referred to as trickle
Charging.It is quite sensitive to charging environment since the chemical activity of lithium battery is very active, if being always maintained at charged state, very
It is easy to shorten service life of lithium battery, or even safety failure occurs.
Traditional lithium battery charging circuit, such as Fig. 1 have only been the design of simple constant-current charge and constant-voltage charge, In
Adaptability to changes is insufficient in charging process, not can guarantee lithium battery and avoids overcharging phenomenon.
Fig. 1 only illustrates the application principle figure for loading charged side (transformer time avris), is used in control chip 1 comprising one
The amplifier CV of constant-voltage charge and one is used for the amplifier CC of constant-current charge.Lp and Ls constitutes transformer, and Lp is primary side winding, and Ls is secondary
Side winding, D1 are freewheeling diode, and C0 is filter capacitor, and R1/C1 constitutes the power supply network of chip, R3 and optocoupler assembly for examining
Chip OUT foot voltage is surveyed, optocoupler is connected to primary-side-control side (transformer primary avris), if OUT voltage is lower, optocoupler generates very big
Electric current, primary side side can only provide seldom energy, if OUT voltage is higher, optocoupler generate very little electric current, primary side side can provide
More energy；R6/R7 constitutes output voltage sampling network, and C2 is output capacitance, and Rload is load, and R8 is that output electric current is adopted
Sample resistance.
Its working principle: when system just powers on, output voltage it is lower (but enough guarantee control chip being capable of normal work
Make), the voltage that chip voltage sampling foot VS is detected is also relatively low, and constant pressure amplifier CV output is height, illustrates at this moment not will do it
Constant-voltage charge.It is secondary side load charging that transformer primary avris, which can mention more energy, and when exporting, electric current is excessive, sampling resistor R8's
Voltage is very big, and constant current amplifier CC can pull down output pin OUT voltage, and optocoupler generates larger current, and primary side side can reduce energy
Offer, that is to say, that output electric current can reduce, at this moment sampling resistor R8 voltage reduce, output pin OUT voltage increase, light
Coupling electric current reduces, and primary side side provides more energy again, so recycles, can be consequently formed by outputting current steadily in a certain value
Constant-current charge.As charging progresses, load voltage Uo is increased, and the voltage of voltage detecting foot VS increases, and constant pressure amplifier can incite somebody to action
The drop-down of output pin OUT voltage, optocoupler generate larger current, and primary side side can reduce the offer of energy, and exporting electric current later can subtract
Small, constant-voltage charge can be consequently formed by output voltage stabilization in a certain value in constant pressure amplifier.
Relationship such as Fig. 2 of electric current and output voltage is exported, system carried out constant-current charge (region shown in CC in figure) before this, this
When output voltage gradually rise；Followed by constant-voltage charge (region shown in CV in figure) is carried out, output electric current is gradually reduced.But
In existing scheme, constant-voltage charge can be maintained always, even if electric current is gradually reduced, but charged always, and lithium battery is come
It says, this, which is undoubtedly, influences its service life, or even overcharges initiation safety failure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery charging management circuits, after entering constant voltage charging phase, to charging electricity
Stream is monitored, and when charging current is reduced to preset value, control terminates charging, while being filled by built-in chip type clock to constant pressure
The electric stage carries out timing, reaches timing time and forces to terminate charging.Constant-voltage charge is carried out by above two mode simultaneously in this way
The control of end can be very good protection battery, will not protect service life and the use of battery again in the presence of excessive the case where overcharging
Performance.
For this purpose, the battery charging management circuit is used for the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of battery charging management circuit
In chip, comprising:
Reference voltage module, the reference voltage module include the first reference voltage output end, the output of the second reference voltage
End, third reference voltage output end and the 4th reference voltage output end；
Two road gates, the first input end of two road gate connect first reference voltage output end, and second is defeated
Enter the second reference voltage output end of termination；Gate control signal is constant-voltage charge finishing control signal；The constant-voltage charge terminates
When control signal is useful signal, the output end of two road gate exports the voltage letter of second reference voltage output end
Number；When the constant-voltage charge finishing control signal is invalid signals, the output end of two road gate exports first base
The voltage signal of quasi- voltage output end；
First amplifier comparator, electrode input end connect the output end of two road gate, and negative input connects chip electricity
Pressure sampling pin, output termination signal output pin；The voltage of electrode input end is reached at or above in the voltage of negative input
When, battery charging enters constant-voltage charge mode, the status signal output output constant-voltage charge mark letter of the first amplifier comparator
Number；
Constant-voltage charge finishing control signal generation module, including third amplifier comparator, timer and/or logical process mould
Block；
The electrode input end of the third amplifier comparator connects the 4th reference voltage output end, and negative input connects core
The current sample pin of piece, output terminate described or logic processing module first input end；The third amplifier comparator pair
4th reference voltage of the 4th reference voltage output end output and the voltage of the current sample pin are compared, and are exported
First trigger signal；
The status signal output of input the first amplifier comparator of termination of the timer, the output end of the timer
Connect described or logic processing module the second input terminal；The timer starts according to the effective constant-voltage charge marking signal
The second trigger signal is exported when the timer, after timing；
Described or logic processing module is to first trigger signal and the second trigger signal executes or logic, described in output
Constant-voltage charge finishing control signal.
Preferably, the circuit further include:
Second amplifier comparator, electrode input end connect the voltage signal of the third reference voltage output end, cathode input
The current sample pin of chip termination, output termination signal output pin；In the current sample pin of the chip of negative input
Voltage when reaching at or above the voltage of electrode input end, battery charging enters constant current charging mode.
Preferably, the reference voltage module is specific further include: reference voltage source, first resistor, second resistance, third electricity
Resistance and the 4th resistance；
The anode of the reference voltage source connects first reference voltage output end；
The first resistor is connected between first reference voltage output end and second reference voltage output end；
The second resistance is connected between second reference voltage output end and the third reference voltage output end；
The 3rd resistor is connected between the third reference voltage output end and the 4th reference voltage output end；
4th resistance is connected between the 4th reference voltage output end and ground, and the reference voltage source is negative
Pole ground connection.
Preferably, the voltage value of the voltage value of first reference voltage output end and second reference voltage output end
On the same order of magnitude, and the voltage value of second reference voltage output end is than the voltage of first reference voltage output end
It is worth low one the first constant pressure difference.
Preferably, voltage value of the voltage value of the third reference voltage output end than the 4th reference voltage output end
High an order of magnitude, and the voltage value of the third reference voltage output end is than the voltage value of the 4th reference voltage output end
High one the second constant pressure difference.
A kind of battery charging management circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, after entering constant voltage charging phase, to charging electricity
Stream is monitored, and when charging current is reduced to preset value, control terminates charging, while being filled by built-in chip type clock to constant pressure
The electric stage carries out timing, reaches timing time and forces to terminate charging.Constant-voltage charge is carried out by above two mode simultaneously in this way
The control of end can be very good protection battery, will not protect service life and the use of battery again in the presence of excessive the case where overcharging
Performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram for lithium battery charging circuit that the prior art provides；
Fig. 2 is the graph of relation of the output electric current and output voltage of the charging process that the prior art provides at any time；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of battery charging management circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of battery charging management circuits, as shown in figure 3, the battery charging management circuit
For in chip, comprising: reference voltage module, two road gate MUX, the first amplifier comparator CV, the second amplifier comparator CC
With constant-voltage charge finishing control signal generation module.
Reference voltage module, including reference voltage source Vref, first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th
Resistance R4, the first reference voltage output end V1, the second reference voltage output end V2, third reference voltage output end V3 and the 4th base
Quasi- voltage output end V4.
Wherein, the anode of reference voltage source Vref meets the first reference voltage output end V1；First resistor R1 is connected on first
Between reference voltage output end V1 and the second reference voltage output end V2；Second resistance R2 is connected on the second reference voltage output end
Between V2 and third reference voltage output end V3；3rd resistor R3 is connected on third reference voltage output end V3 and the 4th benchmark electricity
It presses between output end V4；4th resistance R4 is connected between the 4th reference voltage output end V4 and ground GND, and reference voltage source
The cathode of Vref is grounded GND.
In circuit of the invention, by the way that the resistance value of R1, R2, R3, R4 is arranged, so that the first reference voltage output end V1
The voltage value of voltage value and the second reference voltage output end V2 are on the same order of magnitude, and the electricity of the second reference voltage output end V2
A pressure value first constant pressure difference lower than the voltage value of the first reference voltage output end V1；Third reference voltage output end V3's
Voltage value an order of magnitude higher than the voltage value of the 4th reference voltage output end V4, and the voltage of third reference voltage output end V3
It is worth a second constant pressure difference higher than the voltage value of the 4th reference voltage output end V4.
The first input end of two road gate MUX connects the first reference voltage output end V1, second input the second benchmark of termination
Voltage output end V2；Gate control signal is constant-voltage charge finishing control signal Shutdown；Constant-voltage charge finishing control signal
When Shutdown is useful signal, the output end of two road gate MUX exports the voltage signal of the second reference voltage output end V2；
When constant-voltage charge finishing control signal Shutdown is invalid signals, the output end of two road gate MUX exports the first benchmark electricity
Press the voltage signal of output end V1.
The electrode input end of first amplifier comparator CV connects the output end of two road gates, and negative input connects chip voltage
Sample pin VS, output termination signal output pin OUT；The electricity of electrode input end is reached at or above in the voltage of negative input
When pressure, battery charging enters constant-voltage charge mode, and the status signal output of the first amplifier comparator exports constant-voltage charge mark
Signal CV_flag.
The electrode input end of second amplifier comparator CC connects the voltage signal of third reference voltage output end V3, cathode input
The current sample pin IS of chip termination, output termination signal output pin OUT；In the current sample of the chip of negative input
When the voltage of pin IS reaches at or above the voltage of electrode input end, battery charging enters constant current charging mode.
Constant-voltage charge finishing control signal generation module, including third amplifier comparator Finish CMP, timer Timer
And/or logic processing module OR；
The electrode input end of third amplifier comparator Finish CMP connects the 4th reference voltage output end V4, negative input
Connect the current sample pin IS of chip, the first input end of output termination or logic processing module OR；Third amplifier comparator
Finish CMP carries out the voltage of the 4th reference voltage output end V4 the 4th reference voltage exported and current sample pin IS
Compare, exports the first trigger signal；
The status signal output of input the first amplifier comparator of termination of timer Timer, the output termination of timer
Or the second input terminal of logic processing module OR；Timer Timer starts according to effective constant-voltage charge marking signal CV_flag
The second trigger signal is exported when timer, after timing；
Or logic processing module OR is to the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal executes or logic, exports constant-voltage charge knot
Beam control signal Shutdown.
The composition of battery charging management circuit and the connection relationship of each component is explained above, further below to its electricity
The function realization of pond Charge Management is illustrated.
It can be related to indicating useful signal or invalid signals with specific high level or low level in explanation below, this
Field technical staff is appreciated that, in circuit logic, with high level be it is effective or with low level be effectively, be all ability
What field technique personnel can set according to actual circuit structure needs, it does not limit the scope of the invention.
In this example, the voltage of the first reference voltage output end V1 is set as 1.2V, the second reference voltage output end V2's
Voltage is 1.0V, and the voltage signal of third reference voltage output end V3 is 100mv, and the voltage of the 4th reference voltage output end V4 is believed
Number be 20mv.As described above, these voltage values are only used for specific example, not limiting reference voltage value can only be by this setting.
In the initial stage of battery charging, the voltage that chip voltage samples pin VS is lower, the first amplifier comparator CV's
Output is high level, does not enter constant-voltage charge mode at this time.
Battery charging management circuit of the invention is engaged with peripheral circuit shown in FIG. 1, i.e. control in alternate figures 1
Chip 1.The voltage of the current sample pin IS of the chip of the negative input of second amplifier comparator CC is higher than electrode input end
Voltage when the voltage of output pin OUT is pulled down, optocoupler generates larger current, and primary side side can reduce the offer of energy, also
It is to say that output electric current can reduce, at this moment the voltage of sampling resistor R8 reduces, and output pin OUT voltage increases, and optocoupler electric current reduces,
Primary side side provides more energy again, so recycles, constant-current charge can be consequently formed by outputting current steadily in a certain value.
As charging progresses, load voltage Uo is increased, and the voltage that chip voltage samples pin VS increases.
Under constant-current charge, constant-voltage charge finishing control signal Shutdown is invalid signals, and two road gate MUX's is defeated
Outlet exports the voltage signal of the first reference voltage output end V1.With constant-current charge, chip voltage samples the voltage of pin VS
The voltage signal values of the first reference voltage output end V1 can be met or exceeded, the first amplifier comparator CV is by output pin at this time
The drop-down of OUT voltage, optocoupler generate larger current, and primary side side can reduce the offer of energy, and exporting electric current later can reduce, and electric current is adopted
The voltage of sample pin IS is less than the voltage of third reference voltage output end V3, and the second amplifier comparator CC no longer generation acts on, the
Constant-voltage charge can be consequently formed by the output voltage stabilization of output pin OUT in a certain value in one amplifier comparator CV.
In the case where entering constant-voltage charge mode, the constant-voltage charge of the status signal output output of the first amplifier comparator CV
Marking signal CV_flag is useful signal, for example, high level signal.The signal is input to timer Timer, triggering timing device
Timer starts timing.
The frequency of reckoning by time of timer Time is preset, such as is set as 150 minutes, is entering constant-voltage charge to control
Longest under mode allows the charging time.The time is reached, timer Timer exports a high level signal, for controlling
Charging terminates.
Meanwhile after entering constant voltage mode, charging current will continue to reduce (be such as reduced to crossing current charging current 1/10),
The voltage of current sample pin IS can further decrease, when the voltage is less than the voltage of third reference voltage output end V3, the
The first trigger signal overturning of three amplifier comparator Finish CMP output, becomes high level from low level.
Or logic processing module OR is to third amplifier comparator Finish CMP the first trigger signal exported and timer
Second trigger signal of Time output executes or logic, therefore when it is high that above-mentioned two trigger signal is any, can all export
The constant-voltage charge finishing control signal Shutdown of effect.In specific scheme or logic processing module OR can by or Men Laishi
It is existing.
According to the useful signal of constant-voltage charge finishing control signal Shutdown, the output end of two road gate MUX is exported
The voltage signal of second reference voltage output end V2, that is, reduce the input of the electrode input end of the first amplifier comparator CV
Voltage, and the voltage of the pin VS of chip voltage sampling at this time is constant, and more than the voltage of the second reference voltage output end V2, the
One amplifier comparator CV pulls down output pin OUT voltage, and optocoupler generates larger current, and control transformer primary avris is no longer to negative
It carries and energy is provided, achieve the purpose that charging terminates.
A kind of battery charging management circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, after entering constant voltage charging phase, to charging electricity
Stream is monitored, and when charging current is reduced to preset value, control terminates charging, while being filled by built-in chip type clock to constant pressure
The electric stage carries out timing, reaches timing time and forces to terminate charging.Constant-voltage charge is carried out by above two mode simultaneously in this way
The control of end can be very good protection battery, will not protect service life and the use of battery again in the presence of excessive the case where overcharging
Performance.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of battery charging management circuit, which is characterized in that the battery charging management circuit is in chip, comprising:
Reference voltage module, the reference voltage module include the first reference voltage output end, the second reference voltage output end, the
Three reference voltage output ends and the 4th reference voltage output end；
Two road gates, the first input end of two road gate connect first reference voltage output end, the second input terminal
Connect the second reference voltage output end；Gate control signal is constant-voltage charge finishing control signal；The constant-voltage charge finishing control
When signal is useful signal, the output end of two road gate exports the voltage signal of second reference voltage output end；
When the constant-voltage charge finishing control signal is invalid signals, the output end of two road gate exports the first benchmark electricity
Press the voltage signal of output end；
First amplifier comparator, electrode input end connect the output end of two road gate, and negative input connects chip voltage and adopts
Sample pin, output termination signal output pin；When the voltage of negative input reaches at or above the voltage of electrode input end, electricity
Pond charging enters constant-voltage charge mode, and the status signal output of the first amplifier comparator exports constant-voltage charge marking signal；
Constant-voltage charge finishing control signal generation module, including third amplifier comparator, timer and/or logic processing module；
The electrode input end of the third amplifier comparator connects the 4th reference voltage output end, and negative input connects chip
Current sample pin, output terminate described or logic processing module first input end；The third amplifier comparator is to described
4th reference voltage of the 4th reference voltage output end output and the voltage of the current sample pin are compared, output first
Trigger signal；
The status signal output of input the first amplifier comparator of termination of the timer, the output of the timer terminate institute
It states or the second input terminal of logic processing module；The timer is according to the effective constant-voltage charge marking signal starting
The second trigger signal is exported when timer, after timing；
Described or logic processing module is to first trigger signal and the second trigger signal executes or logic, exports the constant pressure
Charge finishing control signal.
2. battery charging management circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the circuit further include:
Second amplifier comparator, electrode input end connect the voltage signal of the third reference voltage output end, and negative input connects
The current sample pin of chip, output termination signal output pin；In the electricity of the current sample pin of the chip of negative input
When pressure reaches at or above the voltage of electrode input end, battery charging enters constant current charging mode.
3. battery charging management circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reference voltage module is specifically also wrapped
It includes: reference voltage source, first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor and the 4th resistance；
The anode of the reference voltage source connects first reference voltage output end；
The first resistor is connected between first reference voltage output end and second reference voltage output end；
The second resistance is connected between second reference voltage output end and the third reference voltage output end；
The 3rd resistor is connected between the third reference voltage output end and the 4th reference voltage output end；
4th resistance is connected between the 4th reference voltage output end and ground, and the cathode of the reference voltage source connects
Ground.
4. battery charging management circuit according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the first reference voltage output
The voltage value of the voltage value at end and second reference voltage output end is on the same order of magnitude, and second reference voltage is defeated
The voltage value of an outlet first constant pressure difference lower than the voltage value of first reference voltage output end.
5. battery charging management circuit according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the third reference voltage output
The voltage value at end an order of magnitude higher than the voltage value of the 4th reference voltage output end, and the third reference voltage exports
The voltage value at an end second constant pressure difference higher than the voltage value of the 4th reference voltage output end.
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