CN110423104A - 一种氧化铝空心球砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种氧化铝空心球砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110423104A
CN110423104A CN201910774619.0A CN201910774619A CN110423104A CN 110423104 A CN110423104 A CN 110423104A CN 201910774619 A CN201910774619 A CN 201910774619A CN 110423104 A CN110423104 A CN 110423104A
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朱惯森
朱国战
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Zhengzhou Mingzhu Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种氧化铝空心球砖及其制备方法。所述氧化铝空心球砖由以下重量份数的原料制成：粒度小于≤4mm的氧化铝空心球30‑50份、颗粒度≤150目的白刚玉细粉8‑20份、颗粒度≤200目的碳化硅5‑10份、颗粒度≤500目的氧化铝微粉8‑16份、颗粒度≤500目蓝晶石微粉2‑4份、颗粒度≤500目硅线石微粉2‑4份、颗粒度≤200目的粘土4‑7份、结合剂8‑12份。本发明的氧化铝空心砖具有耐高温、高强度、热震稳定性好、节约燃耗等特性，特别适合高温辊棒烧结窑炉及类似工况窑炉使用，且制备工艺简单易于实现，具有广泛的应用和推广价值。

Description

一种氧化铝空心球砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，具体涉及一种氧化铝空心球砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
高温辊棒烧结窑炉的炉型有井式窑和梭式窑两种。无论哪种炉型的窑炉，其特点均为体积大尤其是高度高，升降温频繁，烧成温度高。这种窑炉使用温度在1500℃ -1600℃，每2-3 天为一个烧成周期。因此要求内衬材料具有耐高温、高强度、热震稳定性好、节约燃耗等性能。
氧化铝空心球砖具有良好的耐火性能和优良的隔热性能，常用作这种高温窑炉的工作衬，可以减少热量损失、加快升温速度从而降低能源消耗，节约生产成本。但现有的氧化铝空心球砖在使用时，由于其强度低、热震稳定性差，使用时产生裂纹、剥落等缺陷，影响使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种氧化铝空心球砖，该氧化铝空心球砖耐高温、强度高、热震稳定型好，使用时不会出现裂纹、剥落的现象。
为实现上述目的，本发明的氧化铝空球砖所采用的技术方案是：所述氧化铝空心球砖由以下重量份数的原料制成：粒度小于≤4mm的氧化铝空心球30-50份、颗粒度≤150目的白刚玉细粉8-20份、颗粒度≤200目的碳化硅5-10份、颗粒度≤500目的氧化铝微粉8-16份、颗粒度≤500目蓝晶石微粉2-4份、颗粒度≤500目硅线石微粉2-4份、颗粒度≤200目的粘土4-7份、结合剂8-12份。
优选的，所述氧化铝空心球砖由以下重量份数的原料制成：氧化铝空心球40份、白刚玉细粉15份、碳化硅7份、氧化铝微粉14份、蓝晶石微粉3份、颗粒度≤500目硅线石微粉3份、粘土5份、结合剂10份。
优选的，所述结合剂为纸浆、硫酸铝中的一种或两种。
上述氧化铝空心球砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将白刚玉细粉、氧化铝微粉、蓝晶石微粉、硅线石微粉和粘土在搅拌设备拌均，制得混合粉，备用；
（2）将氧化铝空心球、10 份碳化硅和混合粉在搅拌设备中拌均匀，混合时间为3-4 分钟，然后加入结合剂再混8-10分钟，形成泥料；
（3）将泥料在成型设备中振动成型，形成砖坯；
（4）将砖坯烘烤、焙烧即得所述的氧化铝空心砖；其中烘烤温度为80-120℃，烘烤时间为24-48 小时；焙烧温度为1600-1700℃，焙烧时间为8-10 小时。
本发明的氧化铝空心砖引入低膨胀的碳化硅原料来改善制品的热震性能。由于碳化硅的膨胀系数小，引入碳化硅使得制品具有更好的热震稳定性。在25- 1400℃平均热膨胀系数为4.5×10-6/℃，明显低于氧化铝热膨胀系数。
本发明的氧化铝空心球砖引用白刚玉、碳化硅等多种颗粒料，不同原料的膨胀系数不同而使制品在使用时产生微裂纹，微裂纹的产生可以缓冲制品因急冷急热而产生的内部裂纹，进一步提高制品的热震性能。
本发明的氧化铝空心球砖引入蓝晶石、硅线石微粉及碳化硅，蓝晶石、硅线石分解形成的SiO2及碳化硅氧化生成的SiO2与白刚玉细粉、氧化铝微粉中的AL2O3通过反应烧结形成莫来石网络穿插于氧化铝空心球骨料之间，提高了制品热震性和强度。
氧化铝微粉及蓝晶石微粉的引入使莫来石化温度提前至小于1000℃，这样制品同时具有较强的中高温强度。
微粉技术应用于氧化铝空心球砖后，进一步促进烧结，是制品形成高强度的另一重要原因。因为粒度越小, 比表面积越大, 表面能越高, 烧结温度越低。红柱石微粉的比表面积较大, 可以在较低温度下开始烧结。
本发明的有益效果：同现有的氧化铝空心球砖对比而言，本发明的氧化铝空心砖具有耐高温、高强度、热震稳定性好、节约燃耗等特性，特别适合高温辊棒烧结窑炉及类似工况窑炉使用，且制备工艺简单易于实现，具有广泛的应用和推广价值。
具体实施方式
实施例1：本实施例的氧化铝空心球砖，由以下重量份数的原料制成：氧化铝空心球40份、白刚玉细粉15份、碳化硅7份、氧化铝微粉14份、蓝晶石微粉3份、硅线石微粉3份、粘土5份、结合剂10份
其中氧化铝空心球的粒度≤4mm，白刚玉细粉的颗粒度≤150目，碳化硅的颗粒度≤200目，氧化铝微粉的颗粒度≤500目，蓝晶石微粉的颗粒度≤500目，硅线石微粉的颗粒度≤500目，粘土的颗粒度≤200目。
本实施例的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将白刚玉细粉、氧化铝微粉、蓝晶石微粉、硅线石微粉和粘土在搅拌设备（螺旋搅拌机）拌均，制得混合粉，备用；
（2）将氧化铝空心球、碳化硅和混合粉在搅拌设备（星星搅拌机）中拌均匀，混合时间为3 分钟，然后加入结合剂再混9分钟，形成泥料；
（3）将泥料在成型设备中振动成型，形成砖坯；
（4）将砖坯在100℃的温度下烘烤36小时，然后在窑中焙烧，焙烧温度1650℃，焙烧时间9小时，即得所述的氧化铝空心砖。
实施例2：本实施例的氧化铝空心球砖，由以下重量份数的原料制成：氧化铝空心球30份、白刚玉细粉20份、碳化硅5份、氧化铝微粉16份、蓝晶石微粉2份、硅线石微粉4份、粘土4份、结合剂12份，结合剂采用纸浆。各原料的粒度大小同实施例1。
本实施例的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将白刚玉细粉、氧化铝微粉、蓝晶石微粉、硅线石微粉和粘土在搅拌设备（螺旋搅拌机）拌均，制得混合粉，备用；
（2）将氧化铝空心球、碳化硅和混合粉在搅拌设备（星星搅拌机）中拌均匀，混合时间为4分钟，然后加入结合剂再混8分钟，形成泥料；
（3）将泥料在成型设备中振动成型，形成砖坯；
（4）将砖坯在80℃的温度下烘烤48小时，然后在窑中焙烧，焙烧温度1600℃，焙烧时间10小时，即得所述的氧化铝空心砖。
实施例3：本实施例的氧化铝空心球砖，由以下重量份数的原料制成：氧化铝空心球50份、白刚玉细粉8份、碳化硅10份、氧化铝微粉8份、蓝晶石微粉4份、硅线石微粉2份、粘土7份、结合剂8份，结合剂采用纸浆和硫酸铝，纸浆和硫酸铝的质量比为1：1。
本实施例的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将白刚玉细粉、氧化铝微粉、蓝晶石微粉、硅线石微粉和粘土在搅拌设备（螺旋搅拌机）拌均，制得混合粉，备用；
（2）将氧化铝空心球、碳化硅和混合粉在搅拌设备（星星搅拌机）中拌均匀，混合时间为3分钟，然后加入结合剂再混10分钟，形成泥料；
（3）将泥料在成型设备中振动成型，形成砖坯；
（4）将砖坯在120℃的温度下烘烤24小时，然后在窑中焙烧，焙烧温度1700℃，焙烧时间8小时，即得所述的氧化铝空心砖。
将实施例1-3所制备的氧化铝空心球砖进行理化性能检测，检测结果如标1所示。

Claims (4)

1.一种氧化铝空心球砖，其特征在于,由以下重量份数的原料制成：粒度小于≤4mm的氧化铝空心球30-50份、颗粒度≤150目的白刚玉细粉8-20份、颗粒度≤200目的碳化硅5-10份、颗粒度≤500目的氧化铝微粉8-16份、颗粒度≤500目蓝晶石微粉2-4份、颗粒度≤500目硅线石微粉2-4份、颗粒度≤200目的粘土4-7份、结合剂8-12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的氧化铝空心球砖，其特征在于，由以下重量份数的原料制成：氧化铝空心球40份、白刚玉细粉15份、碳化硅7份、氧化铝微粉14份、蓝晶石微粉3份、颗粒度≤500目硅线石微粉3份、粘土5份、结合剂10份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的氧化铝空心球砖，其特征在于：所述结合剂为纸浆、硫酸铝中的一种或两种。
4.一种如权利要求1或2或3所述的氧化铝空心球砖的制备方法，其特征在于,包括以下步骤：
（1）将白刚玉细粉、氧化铝微粉、蓝晶石微粉、硅线石微粉和粘土在搅拌设备拌均，制得混合粉，备用；
（2）将氧化铝空心球、10 份碳化硅和混合粉在搅拌设备中拌均匀，混合时间为3-4 分钟，然后加入结合剂再混8-10分钟，形成泥料；
（3）将泥料在成型设备中振动成型，形成砖坯；
（4）将砖坯烘烤、焙烧即得所述的氧化铝空心砖；其中烘烤温度为80-120℃，烘烤时间为24-48 小时；焙烧温度为1600-1700℃，焙烧时间为8-10小时。
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