CN110422290B - Ocean oil spill clearance recovery unit - Google Patents
Ocean oil spill clearance recovery unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110422290B CN110422290B CN201910732971.8A CN201910732971A CN110422290B CN 110422290 B CN110422290 B CN 110422290B CN 201910732971 A CN201910732971 A CN 201910732971A CN 110422290 B CN110422290 B CN 110422290B
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 341
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 330
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004391 petroleum recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/32—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for collecting pollution from open water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
- E02B15/106—Overflow skimmers with suction heads; suction heads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for cleaning and recovering ocean spilled oil, which belongs to the technical field of ocean spilled oil pollution treatment, and comprises: the device comprises a ship body, wherein first fixing rods are fixedly connected to two sides of the ship body, the end part of each first fixing rod is connected with a monitoring assembly arranged in water through a rope body, the monitoring assembly is wirelessly connected with a processor arranged on the ship body, an oil collecting tank, a third oil filter tank and a second oil filter tank are fixed on the ship body, the oil collecting tank is connected with the third oil filter tank through a first oil discharge pipe, the third oil filter tank is connected with the second oil filter tank through a second connecting pipe, and the second oil filter tank is connected with a first oil filter tank arranged on the rear side water surface of the stern of the ship body through a first connecting pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine oil spill pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a marine oil spill cleaning and recovering device.
Background
With the increasing demand for petroleum in various countries of the world, the trade section of petroleum products is rising, which leads to the rapid growth of petroleum transportation industry, especially the largest amount of petroleum transported by ships, which accounts for more than 60% of the petroleum transportation amount. The development of offshore oil transportation also draws public attention to the oil pollution of the ocean. Petroleum, as a global pollutant, is entering the ocean in quantities that greatly exceed other pollutants. Statistically, about 1/1000, i.e., 320 million tons of petroleum produced annually worldwide enter the marine environment. Generally 1 ton of petroleum can form an oil film covering the sea, and the formed oil film with large area can obstruct the normal sea gas exchange process, cause climate abnormity and influence the circulation of a biological chain, thereby destroying the ecological balance of the sea and wasting precious petroleum resources. The frequent occurrence of the petroleum leakage event not only causes great economic loss, but also increasingly harms the natural environment and the health of human beings.
The existing methods for recovering offshore spilled oil in the world are physical, chemical and biological treatment methods. The three oil spill treatment methods have various advantages and disadvantages, wherein the biological treatment method is suitable for oil spill treatment, but the recovery of leaked crude oil cannot be realized, and the risk of biological invasion is possibly caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for cleaning and recovering ocean spilled oil, which can effectively detect the drift direction of an oil film, separate the oil film on the sea surface, avoid the oil film on the sea surface in a coverage range, reduce the pollution and the biological influence on the oil leakage sea area, and reduce the water content of recovered crude oil through multi-stage treatment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a marine spilled oil clearance recovery unit, includes:
the ship comprises a ship body, wherein two sides of the ship body are fixedly connected with first fixed rods, the end parts of the first fixed rods are connected with monitoring components arranged in water through rope bodies, the monitoring components are wirelessly connected with a processor arranged on the ship body,
the ship body is fixedly provided with an oil collecting tank, a third oil filtering tank and a second oil filtering tank, the oil collecting tank is connected with the third oil filtering tank through a first oil discharging pipe, the third oil filtering tank is connected with the second oil filtering tank through a second connecting pipe, the second oil filtering tank is connected with a first oil filtering tank arranged on the water surface at the rear side of the stern of the ship body through a first connecting pipe, and a first liquid suction pump is fixedly arranged at the upper end of a tank body of the first oil filtering tank and used for pumping liquid in the first oil filtering tank to be input into the second oil filtering tank through the first connecting pipe.
The monitoring assembly comprises a positioner, a current meter and an anemoscope which are arranged on the floating body, the positioner, the current meter and the anemoscope are all in wireless connection with the processor through a wireless connection technology, and the processor is located on a PC device.
The invention takes a ship body as a carrier, carries a plurality of oil filter boxes, adopts a physical method to process the water body in the oil leakage sea area, recovers the leaked oil, utilizes the ship body to navigate on the oil leakage sea surface in the oil recovery process, a current meter on a monitoring component can drift along with the water body on the sea surface, the current meter sends a positioning signal to a processor, simultaneously an anemoscope obtains monitoring data and sends the monitoring data to the processor, the processor judges the oil film drift speed formed by the leaked oil on the sea surface according to the data sent by the current meter and the anemoscope, and judges the oil film drift direction by combining the positioner, thereby realizing the drift direction and speed of the leaked oil on the sea surface, the ship body recovers and processes the oil on the sea surface along the tracked direction, improves the oil recovery amount, reduces the pollution degree of the leaked oil to the environment, and extracts and separates the water-oil mixed liquid containing the oil on the water surface by putting the first oil filter box in the water in the oil recovery process, and meanwhile, the oil film area surface of the ship body passing through the sailing area is damaged, oil film diffusion is avoided, the oil film area formed by sea surface leakage is divided into a plurality of areas, oil leakage recovery is carried out in different areas, the water-oil mixed liquid after primary oil filtering treatment of the first oil filtering box is subjected to oil filtering treatment sequentially through the second oil filtering box and the third oil filtering box, the water content of recovered oil is reduced, the oil recovery rate is improved, and the influence of oil leakage on the environment is reduced.
The speed of oil film drift is calculated in the processor through a transport formula, and the speed is fed back to a ship navigation control room, so that the ship navigation speed is consistent with the oil film drift speed, and the oil leaked from the sea surface is effectively recovered, wherein the specific transport formula is as follows: v is0＝v1+vfQ, in the formula v0Oil film migration speed in units: m/s; v. of1The flow rate of the water surface is in m/s; v. offThe wind speed at the height of 10m above the water surface is in the unit of m/s; q is the contribution rate of the water surface wind speed to the water flow, and an empirical value is taken as 3%. The displacement of a current meter on the monitoring assembly is utilized to obtain the water surface current, the wind speed meter is utilized to obtain the water surface wind speed data, the drift direction of the oil film is obtained by judging the drift speed of the oil film after the current and wind speed data are calculated by the feedback processor and combining the locator feedback information, and the oil recovery is realized along the drift direction of the oil film and at the same speed of the drift of the oil film, so that the oil leaked to the sea surface is effectively and comprehensively recovered.
Specifically, a second oil suction plate horizontally arranged in a first oil filter box is divided into an upper space and a lower space, a first liquid inlet pipe with two through ends is connected to one side wall of the lower space of the first oil filter box, a coaxial screw rod is arranged in the first liquid inlet pipe, the screw rod is driven by a first motor arranged in the first oil filter box, and a first drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the corresponding surface of the box surface of the first oil filter box provided with the first liquid inlet pipe. The box body of the first oil filter box is made of a material with floatability so as to realize that the first oil filter box has certain buoyancy on the water surface to meet the requirement of collecting oil on the sea surface, the sea surface oil-water mixed liquid enters the first oil filter box through a first liquid inlet pipe arranged on one side of the first oil filter box, a water body entering the first oil filter box is promoted to be in a spiral water inlet mode through a coaxial screw arranged in the first liquid inlet pipe, oil-water separation is facilitated, a certain suction force can be realized at a pipe orifice of the first liquid inlet pipe so as to improve the flow rate of the water body entering the first oil filter box, a second oil suction plate is arranged in the first oil filter box, most of oil passes through the second oil suction plate under the action of gravity sedimentation by utilizing the difference of oil-water density and chemical properties, the water body is retained below the second oil suction plate so as to achieve the effect of oil-water separation, and the primarily separated water body is discharged from a first water discharge pipe so as to ensure the flow of the water, most of oil bodies in the oil-water mixed liquid on the sea surface are continuously separated and conveyed to a second oil filter tank for further treatment.
Specifically, the liquid inlet pipe port of the first liquid pump is arranged above the second oil suction plate in the first oil filter tank and used for pumping the oil-water mixed liquid above the second oil suction plate. And the primarily separated petroleum is pumped into the second oil filter tank by the first liquid pump to carry out the next oil-water separation treatment process, so that the water content in the petroleum is reduced.
Specifically, the inside of the second oil filter tank is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a first oil suction plate, a first connecting pipe is communicated with a lower tank body of the second oil filter tank, the second connecting pipe is communicated with an upper tank body of the second oil filter tank, a second liquid suction pump is arranged above the second oil filter tank, the liquid inlet pipe port of the second liquid suction pump is arranged in the upper tank body of the second oil filter tank, and the liquid outlet end of the second liquid suction pump is connected with the oil collection tank through a second oil discharge pipe. The second oil filter tank is divided into an upper space and a lower space by the first oil suction plate, so that the further oil-water separation can be performed by utilizing the principle of different water-oil densities, therefore, the outlet end of the first connecting pipe is arranged at the lower box body of the second oil filter tank, the water body in the oil is intercepted in the lower space of the second oil filter tank under the action of gravity and density factors, and the bottom of the second oil filter tank is provided with a drain hole for draining the water body. The oil body floating above the first oil suction plate enters the first oil filter tank through the second connecting pipe to be subjected to next-stage oil filtering treatment, and because the treatment capacity is overlarge in the oil recovery process, the problem that the oil body leaks again due to the fact that the oil body in the upper space of the second oil filter tank is overloaded and penetrates through the first oil suction plate to enter the lower space of the second oil filter tank is solved.
Specifically, the bottom of the second oil filter box is provided with an air plate, the air plate is hollow, air holes 1 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the air plate, one side of the air plate is connected with an air pump arranged on the outer side of the second oil filter box through a third connecting pipe, one port of the third connecting pipe is arranged in the cavity inside the air plate, and the other port of the third connecting pipe is connected with an air delivery end of the air pump. Air can be input into the inner cavity of the air plate along the third connecting pipe and then discharged from the air holes through the air pump, the mode of adding air to the lower space of the second oil filtering tank is utilized, the added air forms micro-bubbles to move upwards through the air holes, the bubbles are favorable for upwards floating through the first oil absorbing plate with oil with lower density, the micro-bubbles are also favorable for lifting the oil contained in the first oil absorbing plate to upwards float in the upwards floating process, and the blockage between oil absorbing holes of the first oil absorbing plate is avoided, and the blocking effect on the downward flowing of oil bodies above the first oil absorbing plate is realized.
Specifically, at least two belt pulleys perpendicular to the bottom surface of the second oil filter box are arranged between the gas plate and the first oil suction plate, the belt pulleys are connected through a belt, the belt pulleys are driven by a third motor arranged on one side of the second oil filter box, and a scraper plate in contact with the surface of the belt is arranged on the inner wall on one side of the second oil filter box. The third motor is arranged on the side face of the second oil filter tank between the second oil filter tank and the third oil filter tank, the belt pulley and the belt are utilized to drive the oil-water mixed liquid in the bottom space of the second oil filter tank to form circulating flow, the contact amount of the oil body in the mixed liquid and the upwards floating micro-bubbles is increased in the circulating flow of the mixed liquid, the shearing force borne by the mixed liquid during circulating flow is increased, the viscosity of the separated oil body is increased, the interaction between two phases of oil and water is increased to promote the separation of the water body, and the water content of the oil obtained by separation is reduced.
Specifically, a second motor is arranged at the top of the third oil filtering tank, an output shaft of the second motor is arranged in the third oil filtering tank and drives the side face of the output shaft to rotate around the stirring plate, and a second drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the third oil filtering tank. The water content in the oil entering the third oil filter tank is low, the liquid in the third oil filter tank is driven by the second motor to rotate at a high speed, centrifugal separation is carried out, oil bodies are concentrated above the liquid, the water bodies are separated to the lower side of the liquid and are discharged by the second drain pipe, the oil with low water content is obtained, and the recycling of leaked oil is realized.
Specifically, the stirring plate is composed of a first stirring plate and a second stirring plate, an included angle of 130-140 degrees is formed between the first stirring plate and the second stirring plate, the area of the second stirring plate is smaller than that of the first stirring plate, and the oil moisture content in the third oil filter tank is lower, so that the stirring difficulty is higher, the stirring speed is improved by arranging the first stirring plate and the second stirring plate, and the included angle is formed between the first stirring plate and the second stirring plate, so that the oil-water separation effect is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the ship body is used as a carrier, a plurality of oil filter boxes are carried, the water body in the oil leakage sea area is processed by a physical method, leaked oil is recovered, the ship body is used for sailing on an oil leakage sea surface in the oil recovery process, a current meter on a monitoring assembly can drift along with the water body on the sea surface, the current meter sends a positioning signal to a processor, meanwhile, an anemoscope obtains monitoring data and sends the monitoring data to the processor, the processor judges the oil film drift speed formed by the leaked oil on the sea surface according to the data sent by the current meter and the anemoscope and judges the oil film drift direction by combining the positioner, so that the drift direction and speed of the leaked oil on the sea surface are obtained, the ship body recovers and processes the oil on the sea surface along the tracked direction, the oil recovery amount is improved, and the pollution degree of the leaked oil on the environment is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the marine spilled oil cleaning and recovering device of the present invention in use on a spilled oil surface;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a marine oil spill cleaning and recovery device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the oil collection tank, the first oil filter tank, the second oil filter tank, and the third oil filter tank of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic internal view of a first filter box of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic internal view of a second filter box of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the gas panel configuration at the bottom of the second filter box;
FIG. 7 is a schematic internal view of a third filter box of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the agitating plate.
Description of reference numerals: 100-a hull; 110-a processor; 120-a signal receiver; 130-a rope body; 140-a monitoring component; 150-a first fixation bar; 10-an oil collecting tank; 20-a third filter tank; 21-a second drain pipe; 22-a first drain pipe; 23-a second motor; 24-stirring plate; 241-a first stirring plate; 242-a second stir plate; 30-a second filter tank; 31-an air pump; 32-a second oil drain pipe; 33-a second liquid pump; 34-a second connecting tube; 35-a first oil absorption plate; 36-a scraper; 37-a belt; 38-a pulley; 39-gas plate; 391-air holes; 392-a third connecting tube; 40-a first oil filter tank; 41-a first connection pipe; 42-a first drain pipe; 43-first liquid pump; 44-a first liquid inlet pipe; 45-a first motor; 46-a screw; 47-second oil suction plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in reference to figures 1-8,
a marine spilled oil clearance recovery unit, includes:
the ship comprises a ship body 100, wherein first fixing rods 150 are fixedly connected to two sides of the ship body 100, the end parts of the first fixing rods 150 are connected with a monitoring assembly 140 arranged in water through a rope body 130, the monitoring assembly 140 is wirelessly connected with a processor 110 arranged on the ship body 100,
the hull 100 is fixedly provided with an oil collecting tank 10, a third oil filtering tank 20 and a second oil filtering tank 30, the oil collecting tank 10 is connected with the third oil filtering tank 20 through a first oil drainage pipe 22, the third oil filtering tank 20 is connected with the second oil filtering tank 30 through a second connecting pipe 34, the second oil filtering tank 30 is connected with a first oil filtering tank 40 arranged on the water surface at the stern rear side of the hull 100 through a first connecting pipe 41, and a first liquid suction pump 43 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the body of the first oil filtering tank 40 and used for pumping liquid in the first oil filtering tank 40 and inputting the liquid into the second oil filtering tank 30 through the first connecting pipe 41.
The monitoring assembly 140 includes a locator, a current meter and an anemometer disposed on the float, the locator, the current meter and the anemometer are all wirelessly connected to the processor 110 via wireless connection technology, and the processor 110 is a PC device.
The invention takes a ship body 100 as a carrier, and adopts a physical method to process the water body in the oil leakage sea area by carrying a plurality of oil filter tanks to recover the leaked oil, the ship body 100 is utilized to navigate on the oil leakage sea surface in the oil recovery process, a current meter on a monitoring component 140 can drift along with the water body on the sea surface, the current meter sends a positioning signal to a processor 110, meanwhile, an anemograph obtains monitoring data and sends the monitoring data to the processor 110, the processor judges the oil film drift speed formed by the leaked oil on the sea surface according to the data sent by the current meter and the anemograph and judges the oil film drift direction by combining with the positioner, thereby realizing the drift direction and speed of the leaked oil on the sea surface, the ship body 100 recovers and processes the oil on the sea surface along the tracked direction, improves the oil recovery amount, reduces the pollution degree of the leaked oil on the environment, and extracts and separates the water-oil mixed liquid containing the oil on the water surface by placing a first oil filter tank 40 in the water in the oil recovery process, meanwhile, the surface of an oil film area of a region through which the ship body 100 navigates is damaged, oil film diffusion is avoided, the oil film area formed by sea surface leakage is divided into a plurality of regions, oil leakage recovery is carried out in the regions, the water-oil mixed liquid after primary oil filtering treatment by the first oil filtering tank 40 is subjected to oil filtering treatment sequentially by the second oil filtering tank 30 and the third oil filtering tank 20, the water content of the recovered oil is reduced, the oil recovery rate is improved, and the influence of oil leakage on the environment is reduced.
The processor 110 calculates the oil film drift speed through a transportation formula, and feeds back the navigation control room of the ship body 100, so as to realize that the navigation speed of the ship body 100 is consistent with the oil film drift speed, and effectively recover the oil leaked from the sea surface, wherein the specific transportation formula is as follows: v. of0＝v1+vfQ, formula v0Oil film migration speed in units: m/s; v is1The flow rate of the water surface is in m/s; v. offThe wind speed at the height of 10m above the water surface is in the unit of m/s; q is the contribution rate of the water surface wind speed to the water flow, and an empirical value is taken as 3%. The displacement of the current meter on the monitoring component 140 is utilized to obtain the water surface current, the wind speed meter is utilized to obtain the water surface wind speed data, the drift direction of the oil film is obtained by calculating the current speed and the wind speed data and then judging the drift speed of the oil film in combination with the feedback information of the positioner, and the oil recovery along the drift direction of the oil film and at the drift speed of the oil film is realized, so that the oil leaked to the sea surface is effectively and comprehensively recovered.
The first oil filter tank 40 is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a second oil suction plate 47 which is horizontally arranged, a first liquid inlet pipe 44 with two through ends is connected to one side wall of the lower space of the first oil filter tank 40, a coaxial screw rod 46 is arranged in the first liquid inlet pipe 44, the screw rod 46 is driven by a first motor 45 arranged in the first oil filter tank 40, and a first drainage pipe 42 is arranged at the bottom of the corresponding surface of the tank surface of the first oil filter tank 40 provided with the first liquid inlet pipe 44. The first oil filter 40 is made of a buoyant material to achieve that the first oil filter 40 has a certain buoyancy on the water surface to meet the requirement of oil collection on the sea surface, a first liquid inlet pipe 44 arranged on one side of the first oil filter 40 enables the sea surface oil-water mixed liquid to enter the first oil filter 40, a coaxial screw 46 is arranged in the first liquid inlet pipe 44 to enable the water entering the first oil filter 40 to be in a spiral water inlet mode, oil-water separation is facilitated, a certain suction force can be achieved at the pipe orifice of the first liquid inlet pipe 44 to improve the flow of the water entering the first oil filter 40, a second oil suction plate 47 is arranged in the first oil filter 40, most of oil passes through the second oil suction plate 47 under the action of gravity sedimentation by utilizing the difference of oil-water density and chemical properties, and the water is trapped below the second oil suction plate 47 to achieve the effect of primary oil-water separation, the separated water is discharged from the first water discharge pipe 42 to ensure that the water in the first oil filtering tank 40 flows, and most of the oil in the oil-water mixed liquid on the sea surface is continuously separated and conveyed to the second oil filtering tank 30 for further treatment.
The liquid inlet pipe port of the first liquid pump 43 is disposed above the second oil suction plate 47 in the first oil filter tank 40, and is used for pumping the oil-water mixture above the second oil suction plate 47. The primarily separated oil is pumped into the second oil filter tank 30 by the first liquid pump 43 to be subjected to the next oil-water separation treatment process, so that the water content in the oil is reduced.
The interior of the second oil filtering tank 30 is divided into upper and lower spaces by a first oil suction plate 35, a first connecting pipe 41 is communicated with the lower tank body of the second oil filtering tank 30, a second connecting pipe 34 is communicated with the upper tank body of the second oil filtering tank 30, a second liquid suction pump 33 is arranged above the second oil filtering tank 30, the liquid inlet pipe port of the second liquid suction pump 33 is arranged in the upper tank body of the second oil filtering tank 30, and the liquid outlet end of the second liquid suction pump 33 is connected with the oil collecting tank 10 through a second oil discharge pipe 32. The second oil filter tank 30 is divided into an upper space and a lower space by the first oil suction plate 35, which is beneficial to further oil-water separation by utilizing the principle of different water-oil densities, therefore, the outlet end of the first connecting pipe 41 is arranged at the lower box body of the second oil filter tank 30, the water body in the oil is intercepted in the lower space of the second oil filter tank 30 under the action of gravity and density factors, and the bottom of the second oil filter tank 30 is provided with a drain hole for draining the water body. The oil body floating above the first oil suction plate 35 enters the first oil filter tank 20 through the second connecting pipe 34 to be subjected to next-stage oil filtering treatment, and due to the fact that the treatment amount is too large in the oil recovery process, in order to avoid the problem that the oil body in the upper space of the second oil filter tank 30 is overloaded and passes through the first oil suction plate 35 to enter the lower space of the second oil filter tank 30 to cause secondary leakage of the oil body, the second liquid pump 33 is arranged to pump part of separated oil to directly enter the oil collection tank 10 to relieve the treatment amount of subsequent oil filtering equipment, and the secondary leakage is prevented from occurring.
An air plate 39 is arranged at the bottom of the second oil filter tank 30, the air plate 39 is hollow, air holes 391 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the air plate 39, one side of the air plate 39 is connected with an air pump 31 arranged on the outer side of the second oil filter tank 30 through a third connecting pipe 392, one port of the third connecting pipe 392 is arranged in the inner cavity of the air plate 39, and the other port of the third connecting pipe 392 is connected with the air delivery end of the air pump 31. Air can be input into the inner cavity of the air plate 39 along the third connecting pipe 392 and then discharged from the air holes 391 through the air pump 31, the air treatment mode is adopted for the lower space of the second oil filtering tank 30, the added air forms micro bubbles through the air holes 391 to move upwards, oil with lower density is favorably carried by the bubbles to float upwards and pass through the first oil absorbing plate 35, the micro bubbles are also favorable for lifting the oil contained in the first oil absorbing plate 35 to float upwards in the upwards floating process, the blocking formation between the oil absorbing holes of the first oil absorbing plate 35 is avoided, and the blocking effect on the downward flow of the oil body above the first oil absorbing plate 35 is also avoided.
At least two belt pulleys 38 perpendicular to the bottom surface of the second oil filtering tank 30 are arranged between the air plate 39 and the first oil suction plate 35, the belt pulleys 38 are connected through a belt 37, the belt pulleys 38 are driven by a third motor arranged on one side of the second oil filtering tank 30, and a scraper 36 in surface contact with the belt 37 is arranged on the inner wall of one side of the second oil filtering tank 30. A third motor is provided on the side of the second filter tank 30 between the second filter tank 30 and the third filter tank 20, as can be seen in fig. 3. The belt pulley 38 and the belt 37 are used for driving the oil-water mixed liquid in the bottom space of the second oil filtering tank 30 to form circulating flow, the contact amount of oil bodies in the mixed liquid and upwards floating micro bubbles is increased in the circulating flow of the mixed liquid, the shearing force borne by the mixed liquid during circulating flow is increased, the viscosity of the separated oil bodies and the interaction between oil and water are increased to promote water separation, and the water content of the oil obtained by separation is reduced.
The top of the third oil filtering tank 20 is provided with a second motor 23, an output shaft of the second motor 23 is arranged in the third oil filtering tank 20 and drives the side surface of the output shaft to rotate around a stirring plate 24, and the bottom of the third oil filtering tank 20 is provided with a second water drainage pipe 21. The water content in the oil entering the third oil filter tank 20 is low, the liquid in the third oil filter tank 20 is driven by the second motor 23 to rotate at a high speed, centrifugal separation is carried out, oil bodies are concentrated above the liquid, and water bodies are separated to the lower side of the liquid and are discharged by the second drain pipe 21, so that the oil with low water content is obtained, and the recycling of leaked oil is realized.
The stirring plate 24 is composed of a first stirring plate 241 and a second stirring plate 242, an included angle of 130-140 degrees is formed between the first stirring plate 241 and the second stirring plate 242, the area of the second stirring plate 242 is smaller than that of the first stirring plate 241, the stirring difficulty of the third oil filter tank 20 is high due to the fact that the water content of the oil is low, and the stirring speed is improved by arranging the first stirring plate 241 and the second stirring plate 242 and enabling the included angle to be formed between the first stirring plate 241 and the second stirring plate 242, so that the oil-water separation effect is improved.
Example 2:
when the marine spilled oil cleaning and recovering device is actually used: after leakage occurs in the sea area, the ship body 100 carries equipment to drive to an oil leakage area for emergency treatment, and the damage to the marine environment of the area to a greater extent is avoided.
Firstly, tracking the leaked oil is guaranteed to recover the leaked oil to the maximum extent: when the ship body 100 sails on the oil leakage sea surface, the current meter on the monitoring component 140 can drift along with the water body on the sea surface, the current meter sends a positioning signal to the processor 110, meanwhile, the anemoscope acquires the first monitoring data and sends the first monitoring data to the processor 110, the processor judges that the oil film drift speed of the leaked oil on the sea surface is formed according to the data sent by the current meter and the anemoscope and judges the oil film drift direction by combining the positioner, so that the drift direction and speed of the leaked oil on the sea surface are acquired, and the ship body 100 recovers and processes the oil on the sea surface along the tracked direction;
secondly, the problem of respiration and illumination of underwater marine organisms caused by the area of an oil film forming area is avoided in the first time, water-oil mixed liquid containing oil on the water surface is extracted and separated by placing the first oil filter tank 40 in water, the oil film area surface of the area through which the ship body 100 sails is damaged, oil film diffusion is avoided, the oil film area formed by sea surface leakage is divided into a plurality of areas, and oil leakage recovery is carried out in the areas.
Finally, the water-oil mixed liquid after the primary oil filtering treatment by the first oil filtering tank 40 is subjected to the oil filtering treatment by the second oil filtering tank 30 and the third oil filtering tank 20 in sequence, so that the water content of the recovered oil is reduced, the recovery rate of the oil is improved, and the influence of oil leakage on the environment is reduced.
Example 3:
simulation test of petroleum leakage recovery:
and (3) carrying out a grouped petroleum leakage recovery simulation test in two water tanks, and dividing an experimental group and a control group, wherein the experimental group adopts the device in the embodiment 1 and the recovery method in the embodiment 2 to carry out recovery treatment, and the control group adopts a polyurethane foam board to carry out petroleum adsorption recovery.
The size of the water tank is 10 meters, 6 meters and 6 meters, 1 meter and the two water tanks are consistent in size, the leakage crude oil used for simulation is dehydrated in advance to be configured into petroleum with the water content of 10% as the leakage crude oil, the leakage points are all set as leakage points at the center of the water tank, the petroleum recovery is started 4 hours after the petroleum leakage, the leakage water tank is used for simulating the time for an emergency unit to rush to a leakage sea area after the petroleum leakage occurs and the petroleum diffusion condition in the period of time, the experiment group and the comparison group are respectively adopted for carrying out the petroleum recovery treatment on each water tank, the petroleum recovery rate is calculated, the water content of the recovered petroleum and the water surface oil film condition in the water tank after the petroleum recovery.
The results were: the recovery rate of the petroleum in the experimental group reaches 89%, the water content of the recovered petroleum is 12%, the thickness of an oil film on the water surface after the petroleum is recovered in a water tank is 1-5/mu m, and the area of the oil film is 0.8-1.2m2Oil film is dispersed at all positions of water tank, and control group petroleum returnsThe yield is 78%, the water content of the petroleum is 34%, and the oil film area is 4.0-4.3m2The oil film is regionalized and a small portion is dispersed.
After the petroleum recovery test, the device disclosed by the invention has high petroleum recovery rate compared with a mode of adsorbing by only adopting an adsorbing material, and further can reduce the water content of the recovered petroleum to be close to that of the petroleum before leakage, effectively reduce the area of an oil film on the water surface of a leakage area, disperse the oil film and reduce the influence on organisms in the leakage area.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A marine spilled oil clearance recovery unit, includes:
the water-saving ship comprises a ship body (100), wherein first fixing rods (150) are fixedly connected to two sides of the ship body (100), the end parts of the first fixing rods (150) are connected with monitoring components (140) arranged in water through rope bodies (130), the monitoring components (140) are in wireless connection with a processor (110) arranged on the ship body (100),
the ship body (100) is fixedly provided with an oil collecting tank (10), a third oil filtering tank (20) and a second oil filtering tank (30), the oil collecting tank (10) is connected with the third oil filtering tank (20) through a first oil discharging pipe (22), the third oil filtering tank (20) is connected with the second oil filtering tank (30) through a second connecting pipe (34), the second oil filtering tank (30) is connected with a first oil filtering tank (40) arranged on the water surface at the rear side of the stern of the ship body (100) through a first connecting pipe (41), and a first liquid suction pump (43) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the body of the first oil filtering tank (40) and used for pumping liquid in the first oil filtering tank (40) and inputting the liquid into the second oil filtering tank (30) through the first connecting pipe (41);
the inside of the second oil filtering tank (30) is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a first oil suction plate (35), the first connecting pipe (41) is communicated with a lower tank body of the second oil filtering tank (30), the second connecting pipe (34) is communicated with an upper tank body of the second oil filtering tank (30), a second liquid pump (33) is arranged above the second oil filtering tank (30), the port of a liquid inlet pipe of the second liquid pump (33) is arranged in the upper tank body of the second oil filtering tank (30), and the liquid outlet end of the second liquid pump (33) is connected with the oil collecting tank (10) through a second oil discharge pipe (32);
an air plate (39) is arranged at the bottom of the second oil filtering tank (30), the air plate (39) is hollow, air holes (391) are uniformly distributed in the surface of the air plate (39), one side of the air plate (39) is connected with an air pump (31) arranged on the outer side of the second oil filtering tank (30) through a third connecting pipe (392), one port of the third connecting pipe (392) is arranged in the inner cavity of the air plate (39), and the other port of the third connecting pipe is connected with an air conveying end of the air pump (31);
at least two belt pulleys (38) vertical to the bottom surface of the second oil filtering box (30) are arranged between the air plate (39) and the first oil absorbing plate (35), the belt pulleys (38) are connected through a belt (37), the belt pulleys (38) are driven by a third motor arranged on one side of the second oil filtering box (30), and a scraping plate (36) in surface contact with the belt (37) is arranged on the inner wall on one side of the second oil filtering box (30).
2. The marine oil spill cleaning and recovery device of claim 1, wherein: two spaces about being divided into by the second oil absorption plate (47) of level setting in first oil filter (40), be connected with first feed liquor pipe (44) that both ends link up on the space lateral wall of first oil filter (40) lower part, be equipped with coaxial screw rod (46) in first feed liquor pipe (44), screw rod (46) are driven by first motor (45) of locating in first oil filter (40), the corresponding face bottom of the case face of first oil filter (40) of establishing first feed liquor pipe (44) arranges and is equipped with first drain pipe (42).
3. The marine oil spill cleaning and recovering device according to claim 2, wherein: and the liquid inlet pipe port of the first liquid pump (43) is arranged above the second oil suction plate (47) in the first oil filter tank (40) and is used for pumping oil-water mixed liquid above the second oil suction plate (47).
4. The marine oil spill cleaning and recovery device of claim 1, wherein: the top of the third oil filtering tank (20) is provided with a second motor (23), an output shaft of the second motor (23) is arranged in the third oil filtering tank (20) and drives the side surface of the output shaft to rotate around a stirring plate (24) arranged on the side surface of the output shaft, and a second water drainage pipe (21) is arranged at the bottom of the third oil filtering tank (20).
5. The marine oil spill cleaning and recovering device according to claim 4, wherein: the stirring plate (24) is composed of a first stirring plate (241) and a second stirring plate (242), an included angle of 130-140 degrees is formed between the first stirring plate (241) and the second stirring plate (242), and the area of the second stirring plate (242) is smaller than that of the first stirring plate (241).
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| CN112028409A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-04 | 天津大学 | Floating type artificial fish reef capable of resisting petroleum pollution |
| CN112108470A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-22 | 泰州市金海运船用设备有限责任公司 | A greasy dirt clearance structure for marine oil collecting equipment |
| CN112850380B (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2023-08-04 | 周巧慧 | Petroleum conveying system for offshore petroleum platform and use method thereof |
| CN113981921B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-12-06 | 烟台大学 | Intelligent control ocean oil stain adsorption device |
| CN114855730B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2024-02-06 | 合肥工业大学 | Multifunctional comprehensive treatment ship on water and recovery method for spilled oil in water area |
| CN115288093B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-03-15 | 西安交通大学 | Integrated recovery device and recovery method for offshore leaked crude oil |
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