CN110421261A - Add titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method of composite interlayer - Google Patents
Add titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method of composite interlayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110421261A CN110421261A CN201910771241.9A CN201910771241A CN110421261A CN 110421261 A CN110421261 A CN 110421261A CN 201910771241 A CN201910771241 A CN 201910771241A CN 110421261 A CN110421261 A CN 110421261A
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- stainless steel
- titanium alloy
- welding
- laser
- composite interlayer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/323—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving parts made of dissimilar metallic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/24—Ferrous alloys and titanium or alloys thereof
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of laser welding, specifically add titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method of composite interlayer, the technology is directed to titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal joint brittleness problems, using laser as welding heat source, it is exploded using TA2/Q235 and welds composite plate as middle layer, by accurately controlling welding condition, it avoids generating Ti-Fe intermetallic compound in the welding process, reduce connector brittleness, it is welded using laser two pass, obtaining includes titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam, unfused TA2, TA2-Q235 explosion weldering interface, the high quality of the different metal materials of unfused Q235 and Q235- stainless steel weld joint, high efficiency welding point, present invention process step are as follows: plate group pair and clamping, during titanium alloy-TA2/Q235 is compound Interbed-stainless steel contact surface pretightning force is adjusted, laser in titanium alloy-TA2 contact surface and Q235- stainless steel contact surface welding, realizes the connection of titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of laser welding, the specifically titanium alloy of addition composite interlayer-stainless steel dissimilar gold
Belong to method for laser welding.
Background technique
Titanium and its alloy are good with high tenacity, high specific strength, good heat-resisting quantity, low-density, fatigue resistance due to it
The advantages that, it is widely used in each industrial circle.In aerospace field, titanium and its alloy have replaced perishable nickel
The component part that the metal materials such as based alloy and copper alloy necessitate.However, due to titanium alloy itself manufacturing cost compared with
High, welding and machining property is poor, creep-resistant property official post its application is restricted.Stainless steel is most common knot
Structure material, its own is with a series of excellent performances, such as weldability, wearability, mechanical property, and advantage of lower cost.Though
Right stainless steel can not show a candle to titanium alloy in terms of corrosion resistance, and specific gravity is larger.But if titanium alloy and stainless steel are passed through welding
Method link together, the welding structure of titanium alloy and stainless steel is by excellent resistance to of the good weldability of stainless steel and titanium alloy
Corrosion combines, and such combination will realize mutual supplement with each other's advantages of two kinds of materials in performance.However, due to titanium alloy and stainless steel
Weldability it is very poor, the biggish Ti-Fe intermetallic compound of a large amount of brittleness is also easy to produce in the connector of postwelding.Further, since titanium
Alloy and stainless steel physics between the two, chemical property significant difference, there are biggish residual stress in connector, this can be reduced
Joint mechanical property.
Currently, solve the problems, such as this conventional method be between titanium alloy and stainless steel add middle layer (copper, nickel,
Cobalt, vanadium), to reduce the content for forming Ti-Fe intermetallic compound in titanium alloy-stainless steel melting welding head, improve connector
Mechanical property, but new frangible compounds can be introduced within a fitting, such as Ti-Cu compound.In addition, no matter adding among which kind of
Layer, as long as middle layer is completely melt, Ti and Fe element will be mixed and be reacted in molten bath, and Ti-Fe metal is generated in weld seam
Between compound.In summary two reasons at present carry out titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal by the way of adding middle layer
When fusion welding, property of welded joint increase rate is smaller.
Firstly, retaining the composite interlayer not being completely melt within a fitting, the mixing of Ti, Fe element can be prevented and mutually expanding
It dissipates, to avoid forming brittleness Ti-Fe intermetallic compound in the welding process.Select TA2 and Q235 as composite interlayer
Composition material, to realize titanium alloy-stainless steel welding of such form.When using TA2/Q235 as composite interlayer,
Include titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and Q235- stainless steel weld joint and unfused composite interlayer in welding point；It is unfused multiple
Closing middle layer effect is to prevent the mixing and phase counterdiffusion of Ti, Fe element, to avoid the formation of brittleness Ti-Fe intermetallic
Object.Titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam tensile strength is up to 716MPa, and Q235- stainless steel weld joint tensile strength is up to 650MPa.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding sides for adding composite interlayer
Method, for the brittleness problems of connector, using laser as welding heat source, TA2/Q235 composite layer is as middle layer, using two pass
Weldering, obtain comprising titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam, unfused TA2, TA2-Q235 explosion weldering interface, unfused Q235 and
The welding point of Q235- stainless steel weld joint.In this way, unfused TA2 and Q235 prevent the mixing of Ti, Fe element and mutually expand
It dissipates, it is entirely avoided Ti-Fe intermetallic compound is formed within a fitting.Meanwhile in titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and Q235- stainless steel
Also improve weld seam microstructure there is no other intermetallic compounds in weld seam, improve the mechanical property of connector.
Above-mentioned purpose of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method for adding composite interlayer, carries out in following processing steps:
A) joint form: joint form is the docking of I shape groove, and 4 mm of composite interlayer thickness, group, which is welded when pressing from both sides, guarantees that titanium-is compound
There are certain pretightning forces for middle layer-steel contact surface.
B) welding procedure: being welded using CW laser welding equipment, 450~550W of laser power；0~+5mm of defocusing amount；
500~700mm/min of speed of welding；20 ~ 30 L/min of shield gas flow rate；Parameter is welded by optimization, prevents incomplete fusion, undercut
Equal welding defects, improve appearance of weld, improve welding quality.
C) when first of welding, laser facula is radiated on the contact surface of titanium alloy-TA2, keeps part titanium alloy and TA2 molten
Change, forms titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam；When second welds, laser facula is radiated on Q235- stainless steel contact surface, makes part
Q235 and stainless steel fusing, form Q235- stainless steel weld joint.When first of welding, avoid TA2 complete by adjusting welding parameter
Fusing.When second welds, Q235 is avoided to be completely melt by adjusting welding parameter.
D) in connector, there are certain thickness unfused between titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and Q235- stainless steel weld joint
TA2/Q235 composite interlayer, effect is to prevent the mixing and phase counterdiffusion of Ti, Fe element, to avoid the formation of brittleness Ti-
Fe intermetallic compound.
E) by accurately controlling welding parameter, the fusing amount of TA2/Q235 composite interlayer is controlled, to control in weld seam
Microstructure distribution, reduce the brittleness of connector.When laser focuses on the titanium alloy interface-TA2, titanium alloy-TA2 seam organization
For acicular α ' martensite；When laser focuses on the stainless steel interface Q235-, Q235- stainless steel weld joint tissue is γ-Fe austenite
With a small amount of α-Fe ferrite, the brittleness of connector is substantially reduced.
Preferably, being welded using CW laser welding equipment, 450~550W of laser power in the step (1)；From
0~+5mm of coke amount；500~700mm/min of speed of welding；20 ~ 30 L/min of shield gas flow rate.
Preferably, in first of welding, laser facula is radiated at connecing in titanium alloy-TA2 in the step (2)
In contacting surface, titanium alloy and the TA2 part near contact surface are melted, titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam is formed；When second welds, laser
Hot spot irradiates on Q235- stainless steel contact surface, makes Q235 and stainless steel parts fusing near contact surface, it is stainless to form Q235-
Steel weld seam.
Preferably, being welded in welding point comprising titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and Q235- stainless steel in the step (3)
Seam and unfused composite interlayer；Unfused composite interlayer effect is to prevent the mixing and phase counterdiffusion of Ti, Fe element,
To avoid the formation of brittleness Ti-Fe intermetallic compound.
Preferably, in the step (4), by accurately controlling welding parameter, avoid in titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and
Brittle Ti-Fe intermetallic compound is formed in Q235- stainless steel weld joint, to reduce the brittleness of connector.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) laser beam welding is stablized, and appearance of weld is beautiful, and the welding such as flawless, stomata, undercut, lack of penetration, incomplete fusion lack
It falls into, welding technological properties is good.
(2) titanium alloy-composite interlayer-stainless steel passes through two pass laser welding, and final obtain is welded comprising titanium alloy-TA2
Seam, unfused TA2, TA2-Q235 explosion weld the different metal materials at interface, unfused Q235 and Q235- stainless steel weld joint
High quality, high efficiency welding point.In test for tensile strength, joint breaking is in unfused composite interlayer, tensile strength
Reach 548MPa.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the compound intermediate structure schematic diagram of TA2/Q235；
Fig. 2 is titanium alloy-stainless steel laser welding method and joint structure schematic diagram；In Fig. 2 :(a) it is welding procedure schematic diagram,
(b) it is first of welding, (c) is welded for second；Wherein (a) is titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam macrograph in 4, (b) is closed for titanium
Gold-TA2 weld seam high power photo is (c) TA2-Q235 explosion weldering interface macrograph, (d) high for TA2-Q235 explosion weldering interface
Times photo (e) is Q235- stainless steel weld joint macrograph, (f) is Q235- stainless steel weld joint high power photo；
Fig. 3 is titanium alloy-stainless joint schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is titanium alloy-stainless joint microstructure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Incorporated by reference to Fig. 1-4, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
A kind of titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method for adding composite interlayer, carries out in following processing steps:
A) joint form: joint form is the docking of I shape groove, and 4 mm of composite interlayer thickness, group, which is welded when pressing from both sides, guarantees that titanium-is compound
There are certain pretightning forces for middle layer-steel contact surface.
B) welding procedure: being welded using CW laser welding equipment, 450~550W of laser power；0~+5mm of defocusing amount；
500~700mm/min of speed of welding；20 ~ 30 L/min of shield gas flow rate；Parameter is welded by optimization, prevents incomplete fusion, undercut
Equal welding defects, improve appearance of weld, improve welding quality.
C) when first of welding, laser facula is radiated on the contact surface of titanium alloy-TA2, keeps part titanium alloy and TA2 molten
Change, forms titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam；When second welds, laser facula is radiated on Q235- stainless steel contact surface, makes part
Q235 and stainless steel fusing, form Q235- stainless steel weld joint.When first of welding, avoid TA2 complete by adjusting welding parameter
Fusing.When second welds, Q235 is avoided to be completely melt by adjusting welding parameter.
D) in connector, there are certain thickness unfused between titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and Q235- stainless steel weld joint
TA2/Q235 composite interlayer, effect is to prevent the mixing and phase counterdiffusion of Ti, Fe element, to avoid the formation of brittleness Ti-
Fe intermetallic compound.
E) by accurately controlling welding parameter, the fusing amount of TA2/Q235 composite interlayer is controlled, to control in weld seam
Microstructure distribution, reduce the brittleness of connector.When laser focuses on the titanium alloy interface-TA2, titanium alloy-TA2 seam organization
For acicular α ' martensite；When laser focuses on the stainless steel interface Q235-, Q235- stainless steel weld joint tissue is γ-Fe austenite
With a small amount of α-Fe ferrite, the brittleness of connector is substantially reduced.
Further, it in the step (1), is welded using CW laser welding equipment, 450~550W of laser power；From
0~+5mm of coke amount；500~700mm/min of speed of welding；20 ~ 30 L/min of shield gas flow rate.
Further, in the step (2), in first of welding, laser facula is radiated at connecing in titanium alloy-TA2
In contacting surface, titanium alloy and the TA2 part near contact surface are melted, titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam is formed；When second welds, laser
Hot spot irradiates on Q235- stainless steel contact surface, makes Q235 and stainless steel parts fusing near contact surface, it is stainless to form Q235-
Steel weld seam.
Further, it in the step (3), is welded in welding point comprising titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and Q235- stainless steel
Seam and unfused composite interlayer；Unfused composite interlayer effect is to prevent the mixing and phase counterdiffusion of Ti, Fe element,
To avoid the formation of brittleness Ti-Fe intermetallic compound.
Further, in the step (4), by accurately controlling welding parameter, avoid in titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and
Brittle Ti-Fe intermetallic compound is formed in Q235- stainless steel weld joint, to reduce the brittleness of connector.
Specifically, carry out the welding of stainless steel-titanium alloy dissimilar metal using method of the invention, first with pressing plate by titanium
Alloy sheets and stainless steel plate are clamped on positioning fixture for welding；Place thick with a thickness of 4mm between titanium alloy sheet and stainless steel plate
TA2/Q235 composite interlayer, and to keep centainly between titanium alloy-composite interlayer-stainless steel by adjusting pretightning force
Pressure.
It is welded using two pass, by accurately controlling welding condition, is obtained comprising titanium alloy-vanadium weld seam, unfused multiple
Close middle layer and vanadium-stainless steel weld joint titanium alloy-stainless steel welded joint.In this case, do not have in the welding process
Ti-Fe intermetallic compound is formed.Meanwhile by accurately controlling laser light incident point, when first of welding, laser facula irradiation
It on the interface titanium alloy-TA2 melts, titanium alloy, TA2 part metals to form titanium alloy-TA2 fusing welding line；Second
When welding, laser facula is radiated on Q235- stainless steel, melts part Q235 and stainless steel, forms the weldering of Q235- stainless steel
Seam.To can inhibit the formation of Ti-Fe intermetallic compound in welding process, solves due to addition middle layer and introduce new
Brittleness problems, improve the mechanical property of connector.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel should this understanding, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, it is described in the above embodiment and specification be only the present invention
Preference, be not intended to limit the invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various
Changes and improvements, these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by institute
Attached claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method for adding composite interlayer, it is characterised in that by following
Processing step carries out:
(1) joint form: joint form is that I shape groove docks, TA2/Q235 composite interlayer thickness 4mm, wherein TA2 thickness degree
For 2mm, Q235 layers with a thickness of 2mm, group, which is welded when pressing from both sides, to be guaranteed titanium-composite interlayer-steel contact surface there are certain pretightning forces；
(2) welding procedure: being welded using CW laser welding equipment, 450~550W of laser power；0~+5mm of defocusing amount；Welding
500~700mm/min of speed；20 ~ 30 L/min of shield gas flow rate；Parameter is welded by optimization, prevents incomplete fusion, undercut etc. from welding
Defect is connect, appearance of weld is improved, improves welding quality；
When (3) first of welding, control laser offset amount is 0, i.e. laser facula is radiated on the contact surface of titanium alloy-TA2, is made
Part titanium alloy and TA2 fusing, form titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam；When second welds, control laser offset amount is 0, that is, laser
Hot spot is radiated on Q235- stainless steel contact surface, is melted part Q235 and stainless steel, is formed Q235- stainless steel weld joint；First
When road welds, TA2 is avoided to be completely melt by adjusting welding parameter；When second welds, avoided by adjusting welding parameter
Q235 is completely melt；
(4) within a fitting, there are certain thickness unfused multiple between titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and Q235- stainless steel weld joint
Middle layer is closed, effect is that the liquid of two sides base material is avoided to mix, and the mixing and phase counterdiffusion of Ti, Fe element is prevented, to keep away
Exempt to form brittle Ti-Fe intermetallic compound in the welding process；
(5) by selecting suitable middle layer composition, so that the microstructure of two side welds of control, obtains weldability and preferably connects
Head, and any intermetallic compound is inhibited to be formed in two side welds, greatly reduce the brittleness of connector.
2. titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method of addition composite interlayer according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: in the step (1), being welded using CW laser welding equipment, 450~550W of laser power；Defocusing amount 0~+
5mm；500~700mm/min of speed of welding；20 ~ 30 L/min of shield gas flow rate.
3. titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method of addition composite interlayer according to claim 1,
Feature: in the step (2), in first of welding, laser facula is radiated on the contact surface of titanium alloy-TA2, makes to contact
Titanium alloy and the part TA2 near face melt, and form titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam；When second welds, laser facula irradiates Q235-
On stainless steel contact surface, makes the Q235 and stainless steel parts fusing near contact surface, form Q235- stainless steel weld joint.
4. titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method of addition composite interlayer according to claim 1,
Feature: in the step (3), comprising titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and Q235- stainless steel weld joint and unfused in welding point
Composite interlayer；Unfused composite interlayer effect is to prevent the mixing and phase counterdiffusion of Ti, Fe element, to avoid the formation of
Brittleness Ti-Fe intermetallic compound.
5. titanium alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metal laser welding method of addition composite interlayer according to claim 1,
Feature: it in the step (4), by accurately controlling welding parameter, avoids in titanium alloy-TA2 weld seam and Q235- stainless steel weld joint
It is middle to form brittle Ti-Fe intermetallic compound, to reduce the brittleness of connector.
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| CN111168242A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-19 | 新疆大学 | Laser arc series welding method for connecting TA2/T2 explosion welding composite plates |
| CN112775431A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-11 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院 | Laser additive manufacturing method of titanium alloy/stainless steel dissimilar metal component |
| CN113798677A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-17 | 江苏科技大学 | Welding method of duplex stainless steel and titanium alloy |
| CN114226985A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-03-25 | 新疆大学 | Welding method for TA2/304 stainless steel composite plate by laser-arc series welding |
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| CN114226985A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-03-25 | 新疆大学 | Welding method for TA2/304 stainless steel composite plate by laser-arc series welding |
| CN114226985B (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2024-03-29 | 新疆大学 | Welding method for TA2/304 stainless steel composite plate by laser-arc tandem welding |
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| CN110421261B (en) | 2021-09-28 |
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