CN110414153A - A kind of method of determining open coal mine dust recycling range - Google Patents
A kind of method of determining open coal mine dust recycling range Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method of determining open coal mine dust recycling range, belongs to strip mining transformation field.This method determines the dust intensity of each cargo handling operation in open coal mine production process first with empirical equation, the dust recycling model and open coal mine dust recycling parameter in open coal mine production process are determined again, it is finally programmed using MatLab, obtains dust concentration in the two and three dimensions image of ground each point.According to various two and three dimensions figures are exported, the visualization of data result is realized.This method has the range of scatter for the dust that can predict the generation during Opencut coal mine mining, so that dust is administered and be prevented and treated in advance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of having an opencast mining of, in particular to a kind of method of determining open coal mine dust recycling range.
Background technique
In recent years, coal in China industry is grown rapidly, and fast-developing track has also been stepped into strip mining transformation, either outdoor
Coal mine development & construction quantity, the size of capacity or open coal mine development capital input quantity have all obtained quick growth, outdoor
Production practice, production technique method have also obtained tremendous development.However a large amount of coals are produced in surface mine fast development
While charcoal resource contributes for national economy, tremendous influence also is caused to mining area and surrounding enviroment, especially to atmosphere
It is polluted caused by environment also increasingly severe.Open coal mine is mainly manifested in dust pollution to the pollution of atmosphere, seriously affects
The production operation quality at scene and the health of people around.Open coal mine in process of production adopt dress, drilling and blasting, transport, row
A large amount of dust can be generated by the links such as unloading, and then be diffused into the peripheral region of open coal mine.Dust in open coal mine production process
Diffusion will receive wind direction, wind speed, atmospheric stability, gas flow temperature distribution etc. meteorological conditions and orographic condition influence, research
The dust recycling rule of open coal mine, the dust intensity and its pollution range for determining open coal mine, to one open coal mine of evaluation
Lasting exploit degree and the later period research dust administering method suffer from significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention proposes a kind of methods of determining open coal mine dust recycling range.It should
Method has the range of scatter for the dust that can predict the generation during Opencut coal mine mining, to controlled in advance dust
Reason and prevention and treatment.
A kind of method of determining open coal mine dust recycling range of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: determining the dust intensity of each cargo handling operation in open coal mine production process
Each cargo handling operation includes bore operation, bursting work, adopts and pretend industry, hauling operation and casting operation；
Step 1.1: determining the dust intensity of bore operation
To in boring procedure, the average dust removal efficiency of the drilling machine of use is detected, and obtains the production during bore operation
Dirt intensity；Wherein, dust intensity is different according to the drilling machine of use, uses following formula: GIt bores=Ka×KIt bores×NIt bores
Wherein, GIt boresFor bore operation dust intensity, unit kg/h；KaFor rig time usage factor, dimensionless；KIt boresFor
The average dust-producing amount of separate unit drilling machine, unit are kg/ (platform h), NIt boresFor the quantity of drilling machine, unit is platform；
Step 1.2: determining the dust intensity of bursting work
Dust intensity in bursting work, is determined according to one kind of following two mode:
First way: being monitored the mine blasting data in bursting work, obtain cigarette group dust concentration, use with
Lower calculation formula obtains dust intensity G in bursting workExplosion:
GExplosion=C × VExplosion
In formula: GExplosionFor the dust intensity of bursting work, unit kg/d；C is that mine blasting cigarette rolls into a ball dust concentration, unit
For Kg/m3；VExplosionTotal volume, unit m are rolled into a ball for the cigarette of daily explosion3/d；
The second way: the dust intensity generated in bursting work accounts for the 0.0011% of ore and the total burst size of rock mass；
Step 1.3: determining to adopt and pretend industry dust intensity
According to the factor for during adopting and pretending industry, influencing dust intensity include ore-rock property, adopt dress mineral moisten degree and
Meteorological condition, wherein according to on-site test, the principal element for influencing dust intensity is to adopt dress mineral to moisten degree, and dust is strong
It spends and adopts the relation table that dress mineral moisten between degree and be shown in Table 1:
Table 1 adopts the relationship pretended industry bicycle dust emission factor and adopt the wet degree of dress mineral
Therefore, the dust intensity G for pretending industry is adoptedAdopt dressIt calculates according to the following formula,
GAdopt dress=PEmission factor×NAdopt dress
GAdopt dressTo adopt the dust intensity for pretending industry, unit kg/h；PEmission factorFor bicycle dust emission factor, unit kg
(platform h)-1；NAdopt dressTo adopt dress work number, unit is platform；
Step 1.4: determining hauling operation dust intensity
Dust intensity G in hauling operationTransportIt is calculated using following formula:
GTransport=0.0079VVapour×MVapour 0.85×P0.72×NTransport
In formula: GTransportFor hauling operation dust intensity, unit g/s；VVapourFor car speed, unit Km/h；P is road
The Dust Capacity on surface, Kg/m2；MVapourFor vehicle weight in hauling operation, unit t；NTransportFor vehicle number, unit is；
Step 1.5: determining casting operation dust intensity
According to casting operation process, influence of each factor to its dust intensity, the meter of the dust intensity in casting operation
Calculate formula are as follows:
GCasting=0.0523VWind 1.30×H2.01×W-1.4×S
In formula: GCastingFor casting operation dust intensity, unit Kg/s；VWindWind speed when for casting operation, unit m/s；
H is unloading height difference, m；W is the moisture content of coal mine in casting operation, unit %；S is the day amount of dumping, unit m3/s；
Step 2: determining the dust recycling model in open coal mine production process
The dust recycling model in open coal mine production process, specially Gauss are determined according to atmospheric environment and dirt source feature
One of model, fumigation model, particulate matter model；
Step 3: determining open coal mine dust recycling parameter
Determine open coal mine dust recycling parameter, including wind speed, atmospheric stability parameter and surface roughness；
Step 4: determining dust recycling range
It is programmed using MatLab, calculates dust recycling range, wind speed, atmospheric stability parameter and ground is coarse
Dust intensity in degree and each mechanism is input in MatLab, obtains dust concentration in two peacekeepings of ground each point
3-D image.
In the step 1.1, the average dust-producing amount of drilling machine is determined according to the drilling machine type and efficiency of dust collection of use；Work as brill
Machine is rotary drill, and the average dust-producing amount of separate unit rotary drill is 1~1.1kg/ (platform h).
In the step 1.2, mine blasting cigarette rolls into a ball dust concentration by blasting method, ore-rock physicochemical property, explosion dose
With the multifactor common determination of weather conditions.
In the step 1.4, the prevailing traffic mode of open coal mine is in Automobile Transportation, Belt transport and railway transportation
One or more；Relative to Belt transport and railway transportation, Automobile Transportation dust-producing amount be the most important influence of hauling operation because
Element.
Dust recycling in the step 2, when atmospheric environment stabilization, wind speed >=1m/s in open coal mine production process
Model uses Gauss diffusion model.
In the step 3, dust diffusion in an atmosphere and dilution are the results of atmospheric turbulance movement.Generally work as
As soon as source strength timing, diffusion parameter also becomes unique influence factor for determining Dust distribution.It is thus determined that different terrain, weather
Under the conditions of Atmospheric Diffusion Parameters have become and accurately calculate the key of dust recycling range.
A kind of method of determining open coal mine dust recycling range of the invention, the beneficial effect is that:
1, the present invention accurately can reasonably calculate each link dust intensity in open coal mine production process.
2, the present invention can calculate the range of scatter of open coal mine dust, provide scientific basis for the research for the treatment of flour dust.
3, the present invention, which only needs to input specific parameter in computer, can voluntarily complete calculating to dust recycling range
With analysis, and various two and three dimensions figures are exported as needed, realize the visualization of data result.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the lower wind direction dust recycling rule schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the lateral dust recycling rule schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the ground dust concentration regularity of distribution two dimensional image schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the ground dust concentration regularity of distribution 3-D image schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Embodiment
A kind of method of determining open coal mine dust recycling range, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: determining the dust intensity of each cargo handling operation in open coal mine production process
Each cargo handling operation includes bore operation, bursting work, adopts and pretend industry, hauling operation and casting operation；
Step 1.1: determining the dust intensity of bore operation
Certain open coal mine uses KX-150 series drilling machine, wearing in the ore-rock of f=3~5 in bore operation link
Hole efficiency is 29m/h~35m/h, and daily class Three's operation, class's time factor takes 0.4~0.5.Due to mining area overburden hardness
Softer, piercing efficiency value is 35m/h, and the time factor of drilling machine takes 0.50, and obtaining drilling machine class work capacity is 140m.It is useless
Porosity takes 5%, it is therefore desirable to which the quantity of drilling machine is 8, and the average dust-producing amount K value of every bench drill machine is 1.05kg/ (platform h).
According to formula:
GIt bores=Ka×KIt bores×NIt bores, obtain GIt bores=0.5 × 1.05 × 8=4.2kg/h；
Step 1.2: determining the dust intensity of bursting work
In explosion link according to current year specific engineered locations, raw coal output 16.00Mt, stripping-to-ore ratio 1.8m per year3It is/t, total
Remove 28.80Mm3, and calculated result is modified according to live actual operation and former years average burst amount, rock mass year
Explosion total amount is 1.64Mm3, bulk density 2.1t/m3.Dust intensity G in bursting workExplosionIt is calculated according to the second way,
The dust intensity generated in bursting work accounts for the 0.0011% of ore and the total burst size of rock mass, therefore, GExplosion=1.64
×106×2.1×106/ 365/24/3600 × 0.0011%=1.2g/s.
Step 1.3: determining to adopt and pretend industry dust intensity
Dress link is being adopted according to the effective operation time and production capacity of raw coal output and overburden total amount combination excavator
WD-400 (the bucket capacity 4m for needing to be responsible for ground entrucking is calculated3) 6, type excavator, the WK-10B for needing that truck is cooperated to mine
(bucket capacity 12m3) 6, type excavator, it needs to be responsible for auxiliary coal mining WK-20 (bucket capacity 23m for removing3) 4, excavator, it needs to match
Close the bucket capacity 30m of automatic moving type crusher3With WK-20 (bucket capacity 28.5m3) each one, excavator, excavator NAdopt dressSum is 18 total.
It is relatively dried since pollutant moistens degree, in conjunction with the average dust emission factor of every excavator of data that field monitoring obtains
PEmission factorValue is 2.27kg/ (platform h).Adopt the dust intensity G for pretending industryAdopt dressIt calculates according to the following formula,
GAdopt dress=PEmission factor×NAdopt dress, therefore, GAdopt dress=2.27 × 18=40.86kg/h.
Step 1.4: determining hauling operation dust intensity
In hauling operation link, monobucket-completes raw coal amount 9.00Mt from crusher semicontinuous system is moved, then remaining
7.00Mt raw coal amount and 28.80Mm3Overburden amount is completed by monobucket-truck technique, needs to carry according to each model truck transport ability
Weight 77t dump truck 7, load-carrying 85t dump truck 16, load-carrying 108t dump truck 24, load-carrying 172t dump truck 24
Platform.Distance of stripping transport is 2.75Km, and coal mining haul distance is 1.95Km, transport overburden and raw coal speed be respectively 12Km/h and
14Km/h, road surface dust measure 0.3Kg/m2。
Dust intensity G in hauling operationTransportIt is calculated using following formula:
GTransport=0.0079VVapour×MVapour 0.85×P0.72×NTransport=0.0079 × 12 × 770.85×0.30.72×7+0.0079×
12×850.85×0.30.72×16+0.0079×14×1080.85×0.30.72×24+0.0079×14×1720.85×0.30.72
× 24=187.36g/s.
Step 1.5: determining casting operation dust intensity
It is taken as 1.5m in the discharge height average value of casting cargo handling operation, monobucket truck, it is annual according to local meteorological condition
Mean wind speed value 3.2m/s, removing water content of matter are 5%.Day amount of dumping is day overburden amount, according to the dust in casting operation
The calculation formula of intensity:
GCasting=0.0523VWind 1.30×H2.01×W-1.4× S=0.0523 × 3.21.30×1.52.01×5-1.4×28.80×
106365 ÷ of ÷, 24 ÷ 3600=51.42g/s.
Dust recycling range in the open coal mine production process is calculated using the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1, the dust intensity for determining each link in open coal mine production process；
It is calculated according to the determination method of the parameter index of each link dust discharge amount of step 1.1-1.5 and dust intensity
Drilling during the Production of Strip Mine, explosion, the dust intensity for adopting dress, transport and each link of casting add up to 252.5g/s, tool
Body such as table 2:
Each cargo handling operation dirt source strength of 2 open coal mine of table
Step 2 determines the dust recycling model in open coal mine production process according to atmospheric environment and dirt source feature；
The opencut atmospheric environment is relatively stable, mean wind speed is greater than 1m/s, and the dust pollution that can generate opencut regards
For ground point-source pollution, it is suitble to use Gauss diffusion model.The groundlevel concentration expression formula that Gauss diffusion model is improved is such as
Under:
In formula: C (x, y) is dust concentration at ground point (x, y), mg/m3；Q is dirt source strength, mg/s；μ is average wind
Speed, m/s；σyFor horizontal direction diffusion parameter, m；σzFor vertical spread parameter, m.
Step 3 determines open coal mine dust recycling parameter, including wind speed, atmospheric stability parameter, surface roughness.
Average of the whole year wind speed is 3.2m/s, and obtaining atmospheric stability according to local cloud amount and solar elevation is the i.e. D of neutrality
Grade, this area belong to the B class that spacious open country suburb belongs in national regulation classification, so roughness of ground surface value is 0.16, dew
The dirt source strength that each link of its mine generates is 252.5g/s.
Step 4, being programmed using Matlab calculates the range of scatter of dust, obtains dust concentration the two of ground each point
Peacekeeping 3-D image.
According to the Gauss diffusion model in ground point source in MATLAB language, source strength range of choice is determined as 0-
500mg/s, program the dust concentration diffusion profile two and three dimensions image (Fig. 1-figure exported within lower wind direction ten thousand metres
4).Program module mainly realizes that subprogram is as follows:
It summarizes to obtain dust recycling rule according to the four width images that result obtains are spread by MATLAB software simulating dust above
Rule and the dust recycling range calculated are as follows:
By lower wind direction dust recycling regular (Fig. 1) it is known that the miberal powder dust concentration with lower wind direction distance increase gradually
Reduce, and reduceds speed is gradually slack-off, and dust pollution is much larger than at remote source the influence at nearly source, and dust pollution object can be
Mixed diluting in bigger space is conducive to mitigate the pollution to environment.
By lateral dust recycling regular (Fig. 2) it is known that the miberal powder dust concentration is (wind direction tangential) in standard along transverse direction
Normal distribution, be reduced rapidly from centre to both sides concentration, concentration has dropped down to 0.1mg/m when at 1000 meters away from dirt source of transverse direction3
Hereinafter, illustrating that the lateral pollution range of dust is smaller.
It is apparent that around the mine that ground each point is corresponding by the regularity of distribution (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) of ground dust concentration
Dust concentration value and determine the corresponding pollution range of different dusts concentration (such as when dust concentration drops to 0.14mg/m3When,
Lower wind direction pollution distance is 9500 meters, laterally pollution distance is 500 meters).Dust concentration present substantially elliptical distribution, i.e., along
The speed of lower wind direction diffusion dilution and pollution effect distance are significantly greater than the tangential direction of wind, and this trend is with lower wind direction
The increase of distance is more obvious, and the area that can release wind direction under pollution sources should more carry out the preventing and controlling of dust.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of determining open coal mine dust recycling range, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: determining the dust intensity of each cargo handling operation in open coal mine production process
Each cargo handling operation includes bore operation, bursting work, adopts and pretend industry, hauling operation and casting operation；
Step 1.1: determining the dust intensity of bore operation
To in boring procedure, the average dust removal efficiency of the drilling machine of use is detected, and the dust obtained during bore operation is strong
Degree；Wherein, dust intensity is different according to the drilling machine of use, uses following formula: GIt bores=Ka×KIt bores×NIt bores
Wherein, GIt boresFor bore operation dust intensity, unit kg/h；KaFor rig time usage factor, dimensionless；KIt boresFor separate unit
The average dust-producing amount of drilling machine, unit are kg/ (platform h), NIt boresFor the quantity of drilling machine, unit is platform；
Step 1.2: determining the dust intensity of bursting work
Dust intensity in bursting work, is determined according to one kind of following two mode:
First way: being monitored the mine blasting data in bursting work, cigarette group dust concentration is obtained, using following meter
It calculates formula and obtains dust intensity G in bursting workExplosion:
GExplosion=C × VExplosion
In formula: GExplosionFor the dust intensity of bursting work, unit kg/d；C is that mine blasting cigarette rolls into a ball dust concentration, unit Kg/
m3；VExplosionTotal volume, unit m are rolled into a ball for the cigarette of daily explosion3/d；
The second way: the dust intensity generated in bursting work accounts for the 0.0011% of ore and the total burst size of rock mass；
Step 1.3: determining to adopt and pretend industry dust intensity
Include ore-rock property according to the factor for during adopting and pretending industry, influencing dust intensity, adopt dress mineral and moisten degree and meteorology
Condition, wherein according to on-site test, the principal element for influencing dust intensity is to adopt dress mineral to moisten degree, dust intensity and
It adopts the relation table that dress mineral moisten between degree and is shown in Table 1:
Table 1 adopts the relationship pretended industry bicycle dust emission factor and adopt the wet degree of dress mineral
Therefore, the dust intensity G for pretending industry is adoptedAdopt dressIt calculates according to the following formula,
GAdopt dress=PEmission factor×NAdopt dress
GAdopt dressTo adopt the dust intensity for pretending industry, unit kg/h；PEmission factorFor bicycle dust emission factor, unit is kg (platform
h)-1；NAdopt dressTo adopt dress work number, unit is platform；
Step 1.4: determining hauling operation dust intensity
Dust intensity G in hauling operationTransportIt is calculated using following formula:
GTransport=0.0079VVapour×MVapour 0.85×P0.72×NTransport
In formula: GTransportFor hauling operation dust intensity, unit g/s；VVapourFor car speed, unit Km/h；P is road surface
Dust Capacity, Kg/m2；MVapourFor vehicle weight in hauling operation, unit t；NTransportFor vehicle number, unit is；
Step 1.5: determining casting operation dust intensity
According to casting operation process, the calculating of influence of each factor to its dust intensity, the dust intensity in casting operation is public
Formula are as follows:
GCasting=0.0523VWind 1.30×H2.01×W-1.4×S
In formula: GCastingFor casting operation dust intensity, unit Kg/s；VWindWind speed when for casting operation, unit m/s；H is
Unload height difference, m；W is the moisture content of coal mine in casting operation, unit %；S is the day amount of dumping, unit m3/s；
Step 2: determining the dust recycling model in open coal mine production process
The dust recycling model in open coal mine production process, specially Gaussian mode are determined according to atmospheric environment and dirt source feature
One of type, fumigation model, particulate matter model；
Step 3: determining open coal mine dust recycling parameter
Determine open coal mine dust recycling parameter, including wind speed, atmospheric stability parameter and surface roughness；
Step 4: determining dust recycling range
It is programmed using MatLab, calculates dust recycling range, by wind speed, atmospheric stability parameter and surface roughness, with
And the dust intensity in each mechanism is input in MatLab, obtains dust concentration in the two and three dimensions figure of ground each point
Picture.
2. the method for determining open coal mine dust recycling range according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In 1.1, the average dust-producing amount of drilling machine is determined according to the drilling machine type and efficiency of dust collection of use；When drilling machine is rotary drill, separate unit
The average dust-producing amount of rotary drill is 1~1.1kg/ (platform h).
3. the method for determining open coal mine dust recycling range according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In 1.2, it is multifactor total by blasting method, ore-rock physicochemical property, explosion dose and weather conditions that mine blasting cigarette rolls into a ball dust concentration
With determining.
4. the method for determining open coal mine dust recycling range according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In 1.4, the prevailing traffic mode of open coal mine is one or more of Automobile Transportation, Belt transport and railway transportation.
5. the method for determining open coal mine dust recycling range according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In 2, the dust recycling model when atmospheric environment stabilization, wind speed >=1m/s in open coal mine production process uses Gaussian mould
Type.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN112785206A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-05-11 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for simulating influence range and evaluating risk of pollution-related enterprises in metal industry |
| CN112785206B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2023-06-30 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Metal industry pollution enterprise influence range simulation and risk assessment method |
| CN114741645A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-12 | 西安科技大学 | Open pit coal mine throwing blasting dust concentration calculation method |
| CN114741645B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-04-26 | 西安科技大学 | Calculation method for dust concentration of cast blasting of open pit coal mine |
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