CN110410082A - Tunnel excavation advanced support method - Google Patents
Tunnel excavation advanced support method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110410082A CN110410082A CN201910686740.8A CN201910686740A CN110410082A CN 110410082 A CN110410082 A CN 110410082A CN 201910686740 A CN201910686740 A CN 201910686740A CN 110410082 A CN110410082 A CN 110410082A
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- Prior art keywords
- ductule
- concrete
- tunnel
- note
- support frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tunnel excavation advanced support methods, are related to technical field of tunnel construction.It is an object of the invention on the basis of slip casting ductule technology, to provide a kind of technically simple, strong operability, low cost and effective advanced support method in underground water development, weak broken wall rock hole section excavation construction.The technical scheme is that tunnel excavation advanced support method, comprising the following steps: S1 preparation note concrete ductule: concrete perfusion and vibratory compaction inside ductule obtain note concrete ductule；S2 support frame supporting construction: installing and fixing support frame in tunnel, determines ductule construction hole location, and in the construction hole location drilling of each ductule, boring direction and tunnel direction are at an acute angle；S3 installation note concrete ductule: note concrete ductule is squeezed into or is headed into from bore position, and is fixedly connected with support frame.The present invention can reinforce the Rock And Soil not yet excavated, prevent face from caving in, and guarantee construction safety.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of suitable for underground water is developed, there are weak brokens to enclose the present invention relates to technical field of tunnel construction
The advanced support method of rock tunnel excavation construction.
Background technique
In underground water development, the poor location excavation construction of country rock, to avoid leading to face unstability, tunnel because of surrouding rock deformation
Landslide, need to take advance support measure to guarantee construction safety.Existing tunnel, which excavates advance support mode, mainly pipe canopy, level
Rotary churning pile, slip casting ductule, advance anchor bolt etc..Wherein, pipe canopy and horizontal jet grouting stake technology are complex, higher cost.In advance
Bolt anchorage effect is limited, there are certain requirements to geological conditions, is not suitable for the country rock hole section of underground water development, loose weak.
Slip casting ductule is widely used in loose weak country rock hole section using relatively broad, but there are processes complex, gap plugging
Slurries waste caused by not tight is seriously, construction speed is slow, more develop in underground water or loose Rock And Soil country rock hole section consolidation is imitated
The problems such as fruit is poor and more difficult to control.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: on the basis of slip casting ductule technology, in underground water development, weak broken wall rock
Hole section excavation construction provides technically simple one kind, strong operability, low cost and effective advanced support method.
The present invention realizes that technical solution used by above-mentioned purpose is: tunnel excavation advanced support method, including following step
It is rapid:
S1, preparation note concrete ductule
The concrete perfusion inside ductule, vibratory concrete is closely knit, and note is obtained after concrete final set, and concrete is small leads
Pipe；
Specific: in step S1, ductule is made by seamless steel pipe, and the pipe shaft of ductule is tapered without aperture, front end；It is small
The maximum aggregate size for the concrete being perfused in conduit is no more than the 1/4 of ductule internal diameter, erects ductule in filling process
It stands and is vibrated on vibratory equipment, vibratory concrete is closely knit, it is stored up after concrete final set spare.
S2, support frame supporting construction
Support frame is installed and fixed in tunnel；Positioning is measured to tunnel in the position of support frame, determines ductule
Construction hole location, then drill respectively in each ductule construction hole location, boring direction and tunnel direction are at an acute angle；
Further, the direction of drilling and the angle in tunnel direction are 10~15 ° and are directed toward face in step S2.
Further, support frame is steel arch-shelf in step S2, steel arch-shelf includes the arcuate segment and arcuate segment at middle part
The pillar segment at both ends, steel arch-shelf are spaced in tunnel and install and fix；Alternatively, support frame includes steel grating and abutment wall frame, steel lattice
Grid are domed, and the two sides of steel grating are separately connected abutment wall frame.
Moreover: multiple boring positioning rings, the hole of boring positioning ring are also welded to connect in step S2, on steel arch-shelf
Diameter is greater than the diameter of note concrete ductule；Alternatively, reserving multiple boring positioning holes on steel grating, the aperture in boring positioning hole is big
In the diameter of note concrete ductule.
Specific: in step S2, the steel arch-shelf is fixed by lock foot anchoring stock and longitudinally connected muscle.
S3, installation note concrete ductule
Note concrete ductule from each bore position is squeezed into or is headed into, and by each note concrete ductule respectively with
Support frame is fixedly connected；
Specific: in step S3, note concrete ductule is headed by hammer driven or drilling machine, note concrete ductule
It is welded to connect between exposed junction and support frame.
Further, projection of the part of note concrete ductule embedment country rock in tunnel direction is mutual in step S3
Overlap joint.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: tunnel excavation advanced support method is in underground water development, weak broken wall rock hole section
Excavation can generally use, and reinforce the Rock And Soil that not yet excavates, prevent face from caving in, and guarantee construction safety, with
Lower some advantages: the first, manufacture craft is relatively simple, strong operability and effective, is particularly suitable for underground water development, soft
Weak breaking surrounding rock hole section.The second, at low cost, construction investment is saved, and reduce construction safety risk.In third, ductule
Concrete perfusion, concrete final set obtain note concrete ductule, strengthen the anti-bending strength of ductule.4th, concrete is infused
The diameter of ductule is larger compared to bolt diameter, can reduce the loose Rock And Soil of exposure between ductule to greatest extent, reduces
Due to gap is larger loose earth is constantly fallen, the risk finally caved in.5th, grouting link is omitted, avoids
The waste of grouting material；Note concrete ductule can be produced in batches in advance simultaneously, intermediate grouting time has been saved, accelerated and apply
Work progress.
Support frame is steel arch-shelf, and multiple boring positioning rings are also welded to connect on steel arch-shelf, convenient for the in place and construction that drills.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the embodiment of tunnel excavation advanced support method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that concrete ductule arrangement vertical section schematic diagram is infused in tunnel excavation advanced support method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that concrete ductule arrangement cross-sectional view is infused in tunnel excavation advanced support method of the present invention.
Components, position and number in figure: note concrete ductule 1, face 2, steel arch-shelf 3.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
With reference to Fig. 1, tunnel excavation advanced support method of the present invention first carries out preparation of construction, then the following steps are included:
S1, preparation note concrete ductule
Underground water development, there are weak broken wall rock hole section, using note concrete ductule for joint support frame into
Row advance support.Infusing concrete ductule is the concrete perfusion inside ductule, vibratory concrete is closely knit, concrete final set
It obtains afterwards.Ductule is made by seamless steel pipe, and the pipe shaft of ductule is tapered without aperture, front end；Perfusion presses one in ductule
The maximum aggregate size of the concrete of certainty ratio configuration, the interior concrete being perfused of ductule is no more than the 1/4 of ductule internal diameter, mixes
Ductule can be erect in filling process for reinforcing the bearing capacity and anti-bending strength of ductule and be fixed on vibratory equipment by solidifying soil
On vibrated, vibratory concrete is closely knit, stored up after concrete final set spare.Wherein, vibratory equipment include vibration device,
Plate and fixed device to be placed, plate is placed and is fixed on vibration device, the ductule of concrete perfusion is placed in placement plate,
It is fixed on and is placed on plate by fixed device, vibration device drives ductule vibration, realizes the mesh that vibratory concrete is closely knit
's.
In Fig. 1, " ductule preparation " refers to according to design requirement, selects existing seamless steel pipe, seamless steel pipe pipe shaft
Turk hole, front end do not process tapered treatment process.In order to determine optimal concrete mix, it is also necessary to tested with
And effect analysis；After determining optimal match ratio, concrete perfusion and vibrated inside ductule according still further to the optimum mix
It is closely knit, finally obtain note concrete ductule.
S2, support frame supporting construction
Support frame is installed and fixed in tunnel；Then positioning is measured to tunnel in the position of support frame, determined small
Conduit construction hole location；Finally drill respectively in each ductule construction hole location.
Support frame is mainly used for carrying out combined supporting with note concrete ductule, it may have is convenient for boring positioning and auxiliary
The effect of drilling construction.In Fig. 1, " measurement and positioning " includes the measurement and positioning and construction to supporting frame construction position, and to small
The measurement and positioning of conduit construction hole location.
Steel arch-shelf 3 can be selected in support frame, as shown in figure 3, steel arch-shelf 3 includes arcuate segment and the arcuate segment both ends at middle part
Pillar segment.Steel arch-shelf 3 carries out construction and installation by design parameter production, according to construction requirement, and steel arch-shelf 3 is spaced peace in tunnel
It fills and fixes, referring to fig. 2.For example, steel arch-shelf 3 is fixed by lock foot anchoring stock, also pass through longitudinally connected muscle between each steel arch-shelf 3
It is connected, to make to be connected and fixed between each steel arch-shelf 3.After the installation of steel arch-shelf 3 is fixed, on steel arch-shelf 3 by design parameter into
Row measurement and positioning makes ductule construction hole location, finally drills.Boring direction and tunnel direction are at an acute angle, such as drill
Direction and the angle in tunnel direction be 10~15 ° and be directed toward face 2, as shown in Figure 2.With reference to Fig. 1, needed after bore operation
Carry out borehole cleaning and turn hole test, it is ensured that hole quality.Drilling uses common drilling rod, is strictly made by ductule construction hole location
Industry observes drilling rod direction and extrapolation angle in drilling process in time, should give tune when finding direction and larger extrapolation angular displacement
It is whole, to guarantee that drilling is completed by design requirement.
It, can also be pre- on steel arch-shelf 3 in order to ensure constructing in the accurate of the position of 3 turn hole of steel arch-shelf, and convenient for turn hole
Multiple boring positioning rings are first welded to connect, boring positioning boxing is connected to the outside of 3 arcuate segment of steel arch-shelf in succession, and boring positioning ring exists
Circumferential spacing on steel arch-shelf 3 is determined according to ductule construction hole location minimum spacing.The aperture of boring positioning ring is greater than note coagulation
The diameter of native ductule 1.
In addition, support frame can also select steel grating in addition to steel arch-shelf 3 can be selected.I.e. support includes steel grating and abutment wall
Frame, steel grating is domed, and the two sides of steel grating are separately connected abutment wall frame.Abutment wall frame forms support to it from steel grating two sides and fixes
Effect.Multiple boring positioning holes are reserved on steel grating, the aperture in boring positioning hole is greater than the diameter of note concrete ductule 1.
S3, installation note concrete ductule 1
Note concrete ductule 1 is squeezed into or headed into from each bore position, that is, corresponds to " the ductule installation " in Fig. 1
Step；Then each note concrete ductule 1 is fixedly connected with support frame respectively.Note concrete ductule 1 can pass through hammering
It squeezes into or drilling machine heads into, infuse and be welded to connect between the exposed junction and support frame of concrete ductule 1, that is, correspond to " the pipe in Fig. 1
Tail and bracing members weldering connect ", prevent note concrete ductule 1 to be subjected to displacement.In work progress, note concrete ductule 1 heads into length
Degree is not less than the 90% of design length.
Referring to fig. 2, note concrete ductule 1 is projected in tunnel direction, the protruded length a of concrete ductule 1
For being fixedly connected with support frame, therefore a > 0；The spacing b that two adjacent rings are infused between concrete ductule 1 is true according to design parameter
It is fixed；Note concrete ductule 1 is embedded to projection of the part of country rock in tunnel direction and mutually overlaps, lap of splice c > 0.
Claims (8)
1. tunnel excavation advanced support method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S1, preparation note concrete ductule (1)
The concrete perfusion inside ductule, vibratory concrete is closely knit, note concrete ductule is obtained after concrete final set
(1)；
S2, support frame supporting construction
Support frame is installed and fixed in tunnel；Positioning is measured to tunnel in the position of support frame, determines that ductule is constructed
Hole location, then drill respectively in each ductule construction hole location, boring direction and tunnel direction are at an acute angle；
S3, installation note concrete ductule (1)
Note concrete ductule (1) is squeezed into or headed into from each bore position, and respectively by each note concrete ductule (1)
It is fixedly connected with support frame.
2. tunnel excavation advanced support method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S1, ductule is by seamless
Steel pipe is made, and the pipe shaft of ductule is tapered without aperture, front end；The maximum aggregate size for the concrete being perfused in ductule does not surpass
Ductule is erected on vibratory equipment in filling process and vibrates by the 1/4 of too small catheter diameter, and vibratory concrete is close
It is real, it is stored up after concrete final set spare.
3. tunnel excavation advanced support method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S2, the direction of drilling with
The angle in tunnel direction is 10~15 ° and is directed toward face (2).
4. tunnel excavation advanced support method as claimed in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: in step S2, support frame is
Steel arch-shelf (3), steel arch-shelf (3) include the arcuate segment at middle part and the pillar segment at arcuate segment both ends, and steel arch-shelf (3) is in tunnel
Interval installs and fixes；Alternatively, support frame includes steel grating and abutment wall frame, steel grating is domed, and the two sides of steel grating connect respectively
Edge fit wall stand.
5. tunnel excavation advanced support method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: in step S2, on steel arch-shelf (3) also
Multiple boring positioning rings are welded to connect, the aperture of boring positioning ring is greater than the diameter of note concrete ductule (1)；Alternatively, steel lattice
Multiple boring positioning holes are reserved on grid, the aperture in boring positioning hole is greater than the diameter of note concrete ductule (1).
6. tunnel excavation advanced support method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: in step S2, the steel arch-shelf (3)
It is fixed by lock foot anchoring stock and longitudinally connected muscle.
7. tunnel excavation advanced support method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: in step S3, concrete is small leads for note
Pipe (1) is headed by hammer driven or drilling machine, is infused and is welded to connect between the exposed junction and support frame of concrete ductule (1).
8. tunnel excavation advanced support method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: in step S3, concrete is small leads for note
Projection of the part of pipe (1) embedment country rock in tunnel direction mutually overlaps.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910686740.8A CN110410082B (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Tunnel excavation advance support method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910686740.8A CN110410082B (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Tunnel excavation advance support method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110410082A true CN110410082A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
| CN110410082B CN110410082B (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910686740.8A Active CN110410082B (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Tunnel excavation advance support method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112664202A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-16 | 攀钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Reverse small shed tunneling method for shallow buried section |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3101550B2 (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 2000-10-23 | 飛島建設株式会社 | Steel pipe receiving method and equipment used for the method |
| CN201981649U (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2011-09-21 | 美建建筑系统(中国)有限公司 | Pregrouting concrete steel tube member |
| JP5308116B2 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2013-10-09 | 大成建設株式会社 | How to build a tunnel |
| CN203271786U (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-11-06 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Advanced support structure for tunnel excavation |
| CN105715276A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-29 | 福州大学 | Forepoling method for actively preventing and controlling rock outburst |
| CN107605494A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-19 | 招金矿业股份有限公司蚕庄金矿 | A kind of crushed zone soft-rock tunnel advance support technology |
-
2019
- 2019-07-29 CN CN201910686740.8A patent/CN110410082B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3101550B2 (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 2000-10-23 | 飛島建設株式会社 | Steel pipe receiving method and equipment used for the method |
| JP5308116B2 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2013-10-09 | 大成建設株式会社 | How to build a tunnel |
| CN201981649U (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2011-09-21 | 美建建筑系统(中国)有限公司 | Pregrouting concrete steel tube member |
| CN203271786U (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-11-06 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Advanced support structure for tunnel excavation |
| CN105715276A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-29 | 福州大学 | Forepoling method for actively preventing and controlling rock outburst |
| CN107605494A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-19 | 招金矿业股份有限公司蚕庄金矿 | A kind of crushed zone soft-rock tunnel advance support technology |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112664202A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-16 | 攀钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Reverse small shed tunneling method for shallow buried section |
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| CN110410082B (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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