CN110406429A - Extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system and control method - Google Patents
Extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110406429A CN110406429A CN201810381412.2A CN201810381412A CN110406429A CN 110406429 A CN110406429 A CN 110406429A CN 201810381412 A CN201810381412 A CN 201810381412A CN 110406429 A CN110406429 A CN 110406429A
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- fuel cell
- thermal management
- management unit
- temperature
- extended
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation systems comprising powertrain platform thermal management unit, fuel cell main body thermal management unit and thermal management controller；The thermal management controller is connect with powertrain platform thermal management unit, fuel cell main body thermal management unit respectively, and the powertrain platform thermal management unit is connected with fuel cell main body thermal management unit；Also disclose a kind of control method.The present invention is that the fuel cell pile of cold-starting is needed to preheat by waste heat caused by DC-DC converter DC/DC, power control unit PCU, driving motor, not only reduce the radiation energy consumption of powertrain platform critical component, auxiliary electrical heater energy consumption necessary to heating up for fuel cell pile is also evaded, to effectively increase the utilization rate of electrical of power battery, the continual mileage of extended-range fuel cell car is extended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell power system thermal management technology fields, and in particular to a kind of extended-range fuel cell vapour
Overall height imitates low-temperature start system and control method.
Background technique
Current auto industry Faced In Sustainable Development the double challenge of the severe energy and environment, develop new-energy automobile
It has been the common recognition in the whole world；New-energy automobile mainstream route includes pure electric automobile and fuel cell car.Wherein, fuel cell vapour
Vehicle is because with Zero-discharge non-pollution, energy density is high, course continuation mileage and orthodox car are suitable, fueling (compression hydrogen) time
The advantages that short, is unanimously considered in the industry the ultimate aim of auto industry.
In order to operate normally fuel cell car and keep the comfort taken, effective heat management is carried out very to vehicle
Necessity, and the heat management of fuel cell power system is then its key point.Fuel cell heat management system mainly includes fuel
Battery thermal management (predominantly fuel cell main body) and powertrain platform heat management (driving motor, power control unit PCU,
DC-DC converter DC/DC) two parts.Wherein, the heat management one side temperature of fuel cell of fuel cell main body compared with
Low, most heats (~95%) need coolant liquid to take away；On the other hand it is also needed in cold low temperature environment for fuel electricity
Pond provides heat to assist its cold-starting.And fuel cell cold-starting problem has become obstruction commercializing fuel cells
One of key technology bottleneck is the ultimate challenge of fuel cell car winter operation.
It is anti-when fuel cell starts in the low temperature environment lower than 0 DEG C when not taking any safeguard measure
Water caused by answering first can in Catalytic Layer inner icing, cause Catalytic Layer reactivity site capped and oxygen transmission by
There is rapid drawdown in resistance, voltage；When Catalytic Layer completely by ice cover and stack temperature do not rise to 0 DEG C or more also then can be in diffusion layer and stream
Freezing in road causes cold-starting to fail.On the other hand, the freezing process of Catalytic Layer will lead to catalyst layer and proton exchange membrane
Between there is gap, while freezing/thawing circulation can cause in the avalanche and densification and Catalytic Layer of Catalytic Layer microcellular structure
The roughening of platinum grain causes electrochemical active surface to reduce and is difficult to restore, to cause forever to fuel cell power generation performance
Long property damage, and temperature when the more cold-startings of cycle-index is lower bigger to cell damage.
The resolution policy of fuel cell cold-starting is divided into two classes at present: one kind is to be purged when pile is shut down using gas
The water content of fuel cell membrane electrode is reduced, to reduce the formation of solid ice, but does not rise to 0 DEG C or more in stack temperature
As long as when starting pile generate water and will freeze, and be the position generation contacted with Nafion resin on platinum grain surface first
Ice leads to irreversible electrification once the ice-out that temperature is warmed to room temperature platinum and the interface Nafion will result in the disengaging at interface
Learn the loss of active area；It is another kind of be by the modes such as external power supply electric heating or hydrogen catalytic combustion heat release to pile and its
Both inner pad and membrane electrode are preheated, such mode not only system complex but also can generate larger energy consumption, shorten fuel
The course continuation mileage of battery car.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the shortcomings in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of extended-range fuel cell car is efficiently low
Startup temperature system and control method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system comprising dynamical system
Platform thermal management unit, fuel cell main body thermal management unit and thermal management controller；The thermal management controller respectively with it is dynamic
Force system platform thermal management unit, fuel cell main body thermal management unit connection, the powertrain platform thermal management unit and
The connection of fuel cell main body thermal management unit；
The powertrain platform thermal management unit includes the first water pump, DC-DC converter DC/DC, dynamic Control
Coolant liquid temperature before unit PCU, driving motor, the first Through solenoid valve, the first radiator, DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance
Cooling-water temperature transmitter behind degree sensor, driving motor outlet；
The output end of first radiator is sequentially connected the first water pump, DC-DC converter DC/DC, dynamic Control
The input of unit PCU, driving motor, the first Through solenoid valve, first radiator is terminated at the defeated of the first Through solenoid valve
Outlet；It is cooling before setting DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance between first water pump and DC-DC converter DC/DC
Liquid temperature sensor is arranged coolant temperature after driving motor exports and senses between the driving motor and the first Through solenoid valve
Device.
In above scheme, the fuel cell main body thermal management unit includes the second water pump, three-way magnetic valve, fuel cell
Pile, the second Through solenoid valve, check valve, the second radiator, the first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor；The fuel
The cooling liquid outlet of battery stack passes through the output end that the second Through solenoid valve is connected to the first radiator all the way, and another way passes through list
The input terminal of the second radiator is accessed to valve；The output end of second radiator is followed by by the second water pump in three-way magnetic valve
An inlet, another inlet of the three-way magnetic valve is connected to the input terminal of the first Through solenoid valve, the threeway
The liquid outlet of solenoid valve is connected to the cooling liquid inlet of fuel cell pile；First temperature sensor is arranged in three-way magnetic valve
Between the cooling liquid inlet of fuel cell pile, the coolant liquid that fuel cell pile is arranged in the second temperature sensor goes out
Between mouth and the second Through solenoid valve.
In above scheme, the powertrain platform thermal management unit further includes the first expansion tank, first expansion
Water tank is by piping connection at the both ends of the first water pump.
In above scheme, the fuel cell main body thermal management unit further includes the second expansion tank, second expansion
Water tank is by piping connection at the both ends of the second water pump.
In above scheme, first water pump, the first Through solenoid valve, the first radiator, the second water pump, threeway electromagnetism
Valve, the second Through solenoid valve, the second radiator pass through route and connect with thermal management controller, the DC-DC converter
Cooling-water temperature transmitter before DC/DC entrance, cooling-water temperature transmitter behind driving motor outlet, the first temperature sensor, the
Two temperature sensors pass through route and connect with thermal management controller.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of extended-range fuel cell vapour using as described in any one of above scheme
Overall height imitates the control method of low-temperature start system, and this method is achieved by the steps of in the cold start mode:
Step (101), the thermal management controller detection pass through the coolant temperature T of fuel cell pileFIt is worth and compares TF
With first threshold temperature T1Size；
Step (102), when the thermal management controller detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pileF< T1
When, the thermal management controller sends signal to entire car controller by CAN line；The entire car controller starts to calculate fuel electricity
Pond is from TFIt is warming up to T1Required energy Q1, then obtain the state-of-charge SOC value of lithium-ion-power cell and calculate with current SOC
Power battery driving running car heat caused by powertrain platform thermal management unit when being down to pre-determined lower limit to SOC
Measure Q2, and compare Q1And Q2Between size；If the Q being calculated1> Q2, then external charge facility is needed to fill for power battery
Electricity；If Q1< Q2, the entire car controller then transmits this information to the thermal management controller；
Step (103), the entire car controller start lithium-ion-power cell to high direct voltage line conveying electric energy with pure electricity
Mode activated fuel cell car traveling；The thermal management controller gets Q1< Q2Afterwards, start the fuel cell main body heat
Coolant liquid is transferred to powertrain platform thermal management unit and obtains heat by administrative unit 2, and using the heat obtained to combustion
Expect that battery stack carries out pile heating；Meanwhile the thermal management controller closes the powertrain platform thermal management unit
Heat sinking function；
Step (104), the thermal management controller receive the coolant liquid by the powertrain platform thermal management unit
Temperature TDIt is worth and compares TDWith second threshold temperature T2Size: if TD< T2, then make the powertrain platform heat management list
The heat sinking function of member continues to remain off；If TD> T2, then the heat dissipation of the powertrain platform thermal management unit is opened
Function carries out temperature control by powertrain platform thermal management unit described in PWM modulation.
In above scheme, the first threshold temperature T1It is set as between -4 DEG C~0 DEG C；The second threshold temperature T2If
It is set between 60 DEG C~70 DEG C.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of extended-range fuel cell vapour using as described in any one of above scheme
Overall height imitates the control method of low-temperature start system, and this method is achieved by the steps of under normal heat management start-up mode:
Step (201), the thermal management controller detection pass through the coolant temperature T of fuel cell pileFIt is worth and compares TF
With first threshold temperature T1Size；
Step (202), when the thermal management controller detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pileF> T1
When, signal is sent to entire car controller by CAN line, the entire car controller starting fluid battery stack is defeated to high direct voltage line
Power transmission can be to drive extended-range fuel cell car to travel and charge to lithium-ion-power cell；
Step (203), the thermal management controller start or keep cold in the fuel cell main body thermal management unit
But liquid heat dissipation recycles inside it, and closes the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit；
Step (204), the thermal management controller receive the coolant temperature T by the fuel cellFIt is worth and compares TF
With third threshold temperature T3Size: if T1< TF< T3, then make the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit
It remains off；If TF> T3, then the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit is opened, and pass through PWM tune
It makes the fuel cell main body thermal management unit and carries out temperature control.
In above scheme, the first threshold temperature T1It is set as between -4 DEG C~0 DEG C；The second threshold temperature T2If
It is set between 60 DEG C~70 DEG C；The third threshold temperature T3It is set as between 70 DEG C~80 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the present invention passes through DC-DC converter DC/DC, power control unit PCU, driving electricity
Waste heat caused by machine is that the fuel cell pile of cold-starting is needed to preheat, and not only reduces powertrain platform critical component
Radiation energy consumption, also evaded auxiliary electrical heater energy consumption necessary to heating up for fuel cell pile, to effectively increase dynamic
The utilization rate of electrical of power battery extends the continual mileage of extended-range fuel cell car；Moreover, fuel cell of the invention is low
Startup temperature control strategy makes fuel cell pile only just will start effectively to avoid when stack temperature rises to above freezing
Irreversible damage of the starting fluid battery stack to pile core component (especially membrane electrode) at low ambient temperatures, Jin Erbao
The normal work and health status (SOH) of fuel cell have been demonstrate,proved, the durability of fuel cell is also therefore improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 provides a kind of structural representation of extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system for the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 provides fuel cell in a kind of extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system for the embodiment of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of dynamical system；
Fig. 3 provides a kind of control method of extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system for the embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment that it will be convenient to further describe the present invention with respect to the accompanying drawings, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with describing
And it is apparent.But embodiment be only it is exemplary, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.Those skilled in the art
Member it should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention can details to technical solution of the present invention and form into
Row modifications or substitutions, but these modifications and replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, numerous details is given in specific embodiment below.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that without these details, the present invention equally be can be implemented.In other embodiments,
Known method, process, element and circuit are not described in detail, in order to highlight purport of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system, as shown in Figure 1, it is wrapped
Include powertrain platform thermal management unit 1, fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 and thermal management controller 3；The heat management control
Device 3 processed is connect with powertrain platform thermal management unit 1, fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 respectively, and the dynamical system is flat
Platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 connect；
Powertrain platform thermal management unit 1, for controlling DC-DC converter DC/DC13, power control unit
The operating temperature of PCU14 and driving motor 15 and when above-mentioned three big device being worked via bypass the heat transfer that generates to fuel
Battery stack 24 carries out the preheating before cold-starting；
Fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2, for controlling the operating temperature of fuel cell pile 24 and receiving dynamical system
The heat that system platform thermal management unit 1 passes over carries out the pile preheating before cold-starting；
Thermal management controller 3, for receiving powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit
The temperature signal of coolant liquid and the water pump into above-mentioned two big heat management systems, radiator, electromagnetic valve transmission switch order in 2
And regulate and control the revolving speed of pump motor and radiator fan motor by PWM controlling mechanism；Additionally pass through CAN line and vehicle control
Device processed carries out information transmission and exchange.
Specifically, the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 includes the first water pump 12, DC-DC converter DC/
DC13, power control unit PCU14, driving motor 15, the first Through solenoid valve 16, the first radiator 17, DC-dc conversion
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 19 behind cooling-water temperature transmitter 18, driving motor outlet before device DC/DC entrance；
In powertrain platform thermal management unit 1, the liquid outlet and the DC-dc conversion of first water pump 12
The inlet of the cooling line of device DC/DC13 is connected by pipeline, the cooling line of the DC-DC converter DC/DC13
Liquid outlet connect with the inlet of the cooling line of the power control unit PCU14, the power control unit PCU14's
The liquid outlet of cooling line is connect with the inlet of the cooling line of the driving motor 15, the coolant liquid of the driving motor 15
Outlet connect with the inlet of first Through solenoid valve 16 by pipeline, the liquid outlet of first Through solenoid valve 16 and
The inlet of first radiator 17 is connected by pipeline, and the liquid outlet of first radiator 17 is connected to institute by pipeline
The inlet of the first water pump 12 is stated, to form the coolant liquid circulation loop of powertrain platform thermal management unit 1.
The output end of first radiator 17 is sequentially connected the first water pump 12, DC-DC converter DC/DC13, moves
Power control unit PCU14, driving motor 15, the first Through solenoid valve 16, the input of first radiator 17 are terminated at first
The output end of Through solenoid valve 16；DC-DC is set between first water pump 12 and DC-DC converter DC/DC13
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 18 before converter DC/DC entrance is arranged between the driving motor 15 and the first Through solenoid valve 16
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 19 behind driving motor outlet.
Coolant liquid behind cooling-water temperature transmitter 18, driving motor outlet before the DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance
Temperature sensor 19 is for monitoring coolant temperature.
The fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 includes the second water pump 22, three-way magnetic valve 23, fuel cell pile
24, the second Through solenoid valve 25, check valve 26, the second radiator 27, the first temperature sensor 28, second temperature sensor 29；
The cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell pile 24 passes through the output that the second Through solenoid valve 25 is connected to the first radiator 17 all the way
End, another way access the input terminal of the second radiator 27 by check valve 26；The output end of second radiator 27 passes through the
Two water pumps 22 are followed by an inlet in three-way magnetic valve 23, and it is straight-through that another inlet of three-way magnetic valve 23 is connected to first
The input terminal of solenoid valve 16, the liquid outlet of three-way magnetic valve 23 are connected to the cooling liquid inlet of fuel cell pile 24；Described first
Temperature sensor 28 is arranged between three-way magnetic valve 23 and the cooling liquid inlet of fuel cell pile 24, and the second temperature passes
Sensor 29 is arranged between the cooling liquid outlet of fuel cell pile 24 and the second Through solenoid valve 25.
In fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2, the liquid outlet of second water pump 22 connects described three by pipeline
First inlet of three-way electromagnetic valve 23, the coolant liquid of the liquid outlet of the three-way magnetic valve 23 and the fuel cell pile 24 into
Mouthful by pipeline connection, the liquid outlet of the fuel cell pile 24 respectively with second Through solenoid valve 25 and check valve 26
Inlet connected by pipeline, the liquid outlet of the check valve 26 is connected to the inlet of the radiator 27 by pipeline,
The liquid outlet of the radiator 27 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 22 by pipeline, to form fuel cell main body heat pipe
Manage the coolant liquid circulation loop of unit 2.
First temperature sensor 28, second temperature sensor 29 are for monitoring disengaging fuel cell pile coolant liquid temperature
Degree.
In addition, the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 is also from the driving of the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1
Pipeline introduction pipe between motor 15 and the first Through solenoid valve 16 is connected to the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Second inlet of three-way magnetic valve 23, and the second Through solenoid valve 25 from the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Liquid outlet introduction pipe is connected to the inlet of the first water pump 12 of the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1.
The powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 further includes the first expansion tank 11, and first expansion tank 11 is logical
Piping connection is crossed at the both ends of the first water pump 12.
The fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 further includes the second expansion tank 21, and second expansion tank 21 is logical
Piping connection is crossed at the both ends of the second water pump 22.
First expansion tank 11, the second expansion tank 21 are used to level pressure fluid infusion.
First water pump 12, the first Through solenoid valve 16, the first radiator 17, the second water pump 22, three-way magnetic valve 23,
Second Through solenoid valve 25, the second radiator 27 are connect by route with thermal management controller 3, the DC-dc conversion
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 19, the first temperature sensing after cooling-water temperature transmitter 18, driving motor export before device DC/DC entrance
Device 28, second temperature sensor 29 are connect by route with thermal management controller 3.
The first water pump 12 in the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2,
The fan of two water pumps 22 and the first radiator 17, the second radiator 27 is all made of the electric water pump and electronic wind of PWM controlling mechanism
Fan.
The thermal management controller 3 by low-voltage signal line respectively with the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and combustion
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 18, driving electricity before DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance in material battery body thermal management unit 2
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 19 and the first temperature sensor 28, second temperature sensor 29 connect behind machine outlet, and it is straight to receive direct current-
The 19, first temperature of cooling-water temperature transmitter behind cooling-water temperature transmitter 18, driving motor outlet before current converter DC/DC entrance
Spend the temperature signal of sensor 28, second temperature sensor 29；It is flat with the dynamical system respectively by low tension switch control line
The second Through solenoid valve 25 in the first Through solenoid valve 16 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 of platform thermal management unit 1
And three-way magnetic valve 23 connects, and sends switch order to Through solenoid valve 16,25 and opens direction to the transmission of three-way magnetic valve 23
Instruction；By low tension switch control line respectively with the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body heat pipe
The first water pump 12, the second water pump 22 and the first radiator 17, the connection of the second radiator 27 in reason unit 2, are sent to it switch
It instructs and passes through PWM controlling mechanism to the first water pump 12, the fan of the second water pump 22 and the first radiator 17, the second radiator 27
Pulse-width signal is sent to regulate and control the revolving speed of pump motor and radiator fan motor；Also pass through CAN line and entire car controller
Connection carries out information transmission and exchange.
The work of thermal management controller 3 is in cold-starting mode and normal heat management mode:
Under cold-starting mode, the thermal management controller 3 closes the of the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1
One Through solenoid valve 16 opens the second valve and of the three-way magnetic valve 23 in the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Two Through solenoid valves 25 start the first water pump 12 of powertrain platform thermal management unit 1.In this way, entire low-temperature start system
Cooling fluid path running track are as follows: cooling-water temperature transmitter 18 before first water pump 12 → DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance
Coolant liquid behind → DC-DC converter DC/DC13 → power control unit PCU14 → 15 → driving motor of driving motor outlet
28 → fuel cell of cooling-water temperature transmitter electricity before temperature sensor 19 → three-way magnetic valve, 23 → fuel cell pile entrance
29 → the second Through solenoid valve of cooling-water temperature transmitter, 25 → the first water pump 12 behind the outlet of 24 → fuel cell pile of heap, thus
The complete energy transmitting circuit of entire low-temperature start system is constituted, extended-range fuel cell car is pure in lithium-ion-power cell
High temperature energy caused by powertrain platform efficiently passes to the fuel electricity for needing cold-starting in electric drive driving process
Pond pile 24 makes its normal starting realized under low temperature environment that is rapidly heated.
Under normal heat management mode, the thermal management controller 3 is separately turned on the powertrain platform heat management list
First 1 the first Through solenoid valve 16 and the first valve of the three-way magnetic valve 23 in fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2, are closed
The second Through solenoid valve 25 in the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2, starts the powertrain platform heat management list
Member 1 and the first water pump 12 in fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2, the second water pump 22 and the heat dissipation of the first radiator 17, second
Device 27.In this way, the cooling fluid path running track in powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 are as follows: first 12 → DC-DC of water pump
18 → DC-DC converter of cooling-water temperature transmitter DC/DC13 → power control unit before converter DC/DC entrance
19 → the first Through solenoid valve 16 → the first of cooling-water temperature transmitter dissipates behind PCU14 → 15 → driving motor of driving motor outlet
Hot 17 → the first water pump 12 of device, to constitute the complete energy transmitting circuit of powertrain platform thermal management unit 1；Fuel cell
The cooling fluid path running track of ontology thermal management unit 2 are as follows: second water pump 22 → three-way magnetic valve, 23 → fuel cell pile enters
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 29 behind the outlet of cooling-water temperature transmitter 28 → fuel cell pile, 24 → fuel cell pile before mouthful
26 → the second radiator of → check valve, 27 → the second water pump 22, to constitute the complete energy of fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Amount transmitting circuit.Above-mentioned two energy transmission circuit is independent mutually, and the thermal management controller 3 is distinguished by PWM controlling mechanism
The first water pump 12,22 and of the second water pump into powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
First radiator 17, second radiator 27 fan send pulse-width signal and regulate and control pump motor and radiator fan motor
Revolving speed to control the temperature of powertrain platform and fuel cell pile 24.
In one embodiment, thermal management controller 3 is using coolant temperature before DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 19, second temperature sensor behind sensor 18, the first temperature sensor 28 or driving motor outlet
29 coolant temperature carries out subsequent comparison and processing as reference temperature.In another embodiment, thermal management controller 3 is adopted
With cooling-water temperature transmitter 18, the first temperature sensor 28 and driving motor outlet before DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance
Afterwards temperature sensor 19, second temperature sensor 29 coolant temperature carry out subsequent comparison and processing as reference temperature.Example
Such as, coolant temperature after cooling-water temperature transmitter 18 before DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance and driving motor outlet is passed
The coolant temperature of the average value of the coolant temperature of sensor 19 and the first temperature sensor 28 and second temperature sensor 29
Parameter of the average value as subsequent comparison and processing.Below by the DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance in above-described embodiment
The coolant liquid reference temperature of cooling-water temperature transmitter 19 is referred to as after preceding cooling-water temperature transmitter 18 or/and driving motor outlet
For " powertrain platform coolant temperature TD", by the first temperature sensor 28 or/and second temperature biography in above-described embodiment
The coolant liquid reference temperature of sensor 29 is referred to as " fuel cell pile coolant temperature TF”。
In one embodiment, thermal management controller 3 reads first threshold temperature T1, second threshold temperature T2With third threshold
It is worth temperature T3, wherein first threshold temperature T1Less than second threshold temperature T2, second threshold temperature T2Less than third threshold temperature
T3, i.e. T1< T2< T3.Wherein, first threshold temperature T1A temperature being set as in -4 DEG C~0 DEG C section；Second threshold temperature
T2The optimum temperature that a temperature being set as in 60 DEG C~70 DEG C sections, i.e. powertrain platform work normally；Third threshold value
Temperature T3The optimum temperature that a temperature being set as in 70 DEG C~80 DEG C sections, i.e. fuel cell pile 24 work normally.
The fuel cell pile coolant temperature T of thermal management controller 3FWith first threshold temperature T1.Work as TF< T1
When, thermal management controller 3 enters cold-starting mode；Work as TF> T1When, thermal management controller 3 enters normal heat management mode.
The powertrain platform coolant temperature T of thermal management controller 3DWith second threshold temperature T2.Work as TD< T2
When, only the first water pump 12 by PWM controlling mechanism into powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 is sent thermal management controller 3
Pulse-width signal regulates and controls the revolving speed of pump motor to control the temperature of powertrain platform；Work as TD> T2When, heat management control
Device 3 turns on the power the first Through solenoid valve 16 of system platform thermal management unit 1, by PWM controlling mechanism respectively to dynamical system
The first water pump 12 and the first radiator 17 in system platform thermal management unit 1 send pulse-width signal to regulate and control the first water pump 12
Motor speed with 17 fan of the first radiator is to control the temperature of powertrain platform, to keep powertrain platform 1
Operating temperature is stablized in second threshold temperature T2。
In one embodiment, under normal heat management mode, the fuel cell pile of thermal management controller 3 is cold
But liquid temperature TFWith third threshold temperature T3.Work as T1< TF< T3When, thermal management controller 3 closes fuel cell main body heat management list
The fan of second radiator 27 of member 2 only passes through second water of the PWM controlling mechanism into fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Pump 22 sends pulse-width signal to regulate and control the revolving speed of pump motor to control the temperature of fuel cell pile 24；Work as TF> T3When,
Thermal management controller 3 opens the fan of the second radiator 27 of fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2, passes through PWM controlling mechanism
The second water pump 22 into fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 and the second radiator 27 send pulse-width signal to adjust respectively
The motor speed of the fan of the second water pump 22 and the second radiator 27 is controlled to control the temperature of fuel cell pile 24, to keep
The operating temperature of fuel cell pile 24 is stablized in third threshold temperature T3。
The present invention is by efficiently utilizing extended-range fuel cell car powertrain platform under pure electric drive driving cycle
Middle DC-DC converter DC/DC13, power control unit PCU14, waste heat caused by driving motor 15 are to need low-temperature starting
Dynamic fuel cell pile preheating, not only reduces the radiation energy consumption of powertrain platform critical component, has also evaded for fuel
Auxiliary electrical heater energy consumption necessary to battery stack heats up extends to effectively increase the utilization rate of electrical of power battery
The continual mileage of extended-range fuel cell car.Moreover, fuel cell cold-starting control strategy of the invention makes fuel electric
Pond pile only just will start to effectively prevent when stack temperature rises to above freezing starting fluid electricity at low ambient temperatures
Irreversible damage of the pond pile to pile core component (especially membrane electrode), so ensure that fuel cell normal work and
Therefore health status (SOH) also improves the durability of fuel cell.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of control using above-mentioned extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system
Method processed, as shown in Figure 2,3, this method are realized by following steps:
In step 300, the coolant temperature T that the detection of thermal management controller 3 passes through the fuel cell pile 24F
Value；The second temperature after the first temperature sensor 28 and fuel cell pile outlet before detecting 4 entrance of fuel cell pile
The coolant temperature numerical value of sensor 29 is spent, and thereby determines that the coolant temperature T by the fuel cell pile 24FValue.
Then, the fuel cell pile coolant temperature TFWith first threshold temperature T1Size and enter step 310.
In the step 310, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pile 24F
< T1When, then enter step 311.
In step 311, as shown in Fig. 2, the thermal management controller 3 sends T to entire car controller by CAN lineF< T1
Signal, entire car controller starts to calculate fuel cell from TFIt is warming up to T1Required energy Q1, then obtain lithium-ion-power cell
State-of-charge SOC value and calculate described dynamic when being down to pre-determined lower limit to SOC with the power battery of current SOC driving running car
Heat caused by Force system platform 1 (i.e. DC-DC converter DC/DC13, power control unit PCU14 and driving motor 15)
Measure Q2, and compare Q1And Q2Between size, subsequently into step 312.
Specifically, the pre-determined lower limit can be down to 10% for SOC.
The lithium-ion-power cell using the lithium titanate battery (as shown in Figure 2) of low temperature performance excellent, all solid lithium from
One of sub- battery, lithium manganate battery, ternary lithium ion battery are a variety of.
In step 312, as the Q that the entire car controller is calculated1> Q2When, then enter step 313, i.e. lithium titanate
Power battery needs external charge facility to charge for it；As the Q that the entire car controller is calculated1< Q2When, entire car controller
The information is then fed back into the thermal management controller 3 and enters step 314 immediately.
In a step 314, the entire car controller starts metatitanic acid lithium dynamical battery to high direct voltage line conveying electric energy with pure
Power mode drives fuel cell car traveling；The thermal management controller 3 gets Q1< Q2Afterwards, start the fuel cell sheet
Second valve of the three-way magnetic valve 23 of body heat administrative unit 2 and the second Through solenoid valve 25, make the fuel cell pile 24
Receive the high temperature coolant passed over by the bypass of the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and in the dynamical system
Enter fuel cell pile 24 under the driving of first water pump 12 of system platform thermal management unit 1 for pile heating；Then step is returned
Rapid 310 real-time monitoring TFWith T1Size variation.
Progress synchronous with step 314 is step 315, i.e., the described thermal management controller 3 starts the powertrain platform
First water pump 12 of thermal management unit 1 simultaneously closes the first Through solenoid valve 16, makes the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1
Coolant liquid is directly entered the powertrain platform heat after flowing through fuel cell pile 24 without first radiator 17
First water pump 12 of administrative unit 1 is recycled, thus by efficiently being transported using extended-range fuel cell car in pure electric drive
Waste heat caused by powertrain platform is fuel cell pile heating during row.Subsequently enter step 316.
In step 316, the coolant temperature T that the detection of thermal management controller 3 passes through the powertrain platform 1D
Value；Detect before the DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance coolant liquid after cooling-water temperature transmitter 18 and driving motor outlet
The coolant temperature numerical value of temperature sensor 19, and thereby determine that the coolant temperature T by the powertrain platformDValue.
Then, the coolant temperature T of the powertrain platform 1DWith second threshold temperature T2Size.Subsequently enter step
317。
In step 317, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the powertrain platform 1D
> T2When, then enter step 318.In step 318, the thermal management controller 3 opens the powertrain platform heat management
First Through solenoid valve 16 of unit 1, by PWM controlling mechanism respectively into powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 first
Water pump 12 and the first radiator 17 send pulse-width signal to regulate and control the motor of 17 fan of the first water pump 12 and the first radiator
Revolving speed is to control the temperature of powertrain platform, so that the operating temperature of powertrain platform be kept to stablize in second threshold temperature
T2, to guarantee that powertrain platform works in optimum working temperature.
In step 317, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the powertrain platformD<
T2When, then it is back to step 315, i.e., (T in the cold start modeF< T1) make the of the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1
One Through solenoid valve 16 continues to remain off, only through PWM controlling mechanism into powertrain platform thermal management unit 1
First water pump 12 sends pulse-width signal to regulate and control the revolving speed of pump motor to control the temperature of powertrain platform.
In the step 310, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pile 24F
> T1When, then enter step 320.
In step 320, as shown in Fig. 2, the thermal management controller 3 passes through CAN line for TF> T1Signal be sent to it is whole
Vehicle controller, entire car controller starting fluid battery stack 24 is to high direct voltage line conveying electric energy to drive extended-range fuel cell
Running car simultaneously gives lithium titanate power battery charging.Subsequently into step 321.
In step 321, the starting of thermal management controller 3 (when cold start mode, i.e., is back to step from step 314
When 310) or the water pump 22 of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 (when normal heat management mode) is kept to run and open institute
The first valve for stating the three-way magnetic valve 23 of fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 simultaneously closes off the fuel cell main body heat
Second Through solenoid valve 25 of administrative unit 2, makes the coolant liquid of the fuel cell pile 24 via the fuel cell main body
Second radiator 27 of thermal management unit 2 enters fuel cell pile 24.322 are entered step simultaneously, i.e., the described heat management control
Device 3 closes 27 fan of the second radiator of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2.Subsequently into step 323.
In step 323, the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T for passing through the fuel cell pile 24F
It is worth and compares TFWith third threshold temperature T3Size.Subsequently enter step 324.
In step 324, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pile 24F
> T3When, then enter step 325.In step 325, the thermal management controller 3 opens the fuel cell main body heat management
27 fan of the second radiator of unit 2, and by PWM controlling mechanism respectively into fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 the
Two water pumps 22 and the second radiator 27 send pulse-width signal to regulate and control the electricity of 27 fan of the second water pump 22 and the second radiator
Machine revolving speed is to control the temperature of fuel cell pile 24, so that the operating temperature of fuel cell pile be kept to stablize in third threshold value
Temperature T3, to guarantee that fuel cell pile works in optimum working temperature.
In step 324, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pile 241
< TF< T3When, then be back to step 322, even if 27 fan of the second radiator of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 after
Continuous to remain off, only the second water pump 22 by PWM controlling mechanism into fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 sends arteries and veins
Wide modulated signal regulates and controls the revolving speed of pump motor to control the temperature of fuel cell pile 24.
The embodiment of the present invention content is disclosed above, however the present embodiment is not intended to limit the invention the range of implementation,
Simple equivalent changes and modifications made by claims according to the present invention and description, still fall within the technology of the present invention side
In the range of case.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system, which is characterized in that it includes powertrain platform heat
Administrative unit, fuel cell main body thermal management unit and thermal management controller；The thermal management controller respectively with dynamical system
Platform thermal management unit, the connection of fuel cell main body thermal management unit, the powertrain platform thermal management unit and fuel electricity
The connection of pond ontology thermal management unit；
The powertrain platform thermal management unit includes the first water pump, DC-DC converter DC/DC, power control unit
Coolant temperature passes before PCU, driving motor, the first Through solenoid valve, the first radiator, DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance
Cooling-water temperature transmitter behind sensor, driving motor outlet；
The output end of first radiator is sequentially connected the first water pump, DC-DC converter DC/DC, power control unit
PCU, driving motor, the first Through solenoid valve, the input of first radiator are terminated at the output end of the first Through solenoid valve；
Coolant liquid temperature before setting DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance between first water pump and DC-DC converter DC/DC
Sensor is spent, cooling-water temperature transmitter after driving motor exports is set between the driving motor and the first Through solenoid valve.
2. extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the combustion
Expect battery body thermal management unit include the second water pump, it is three-way magnetic valve, fuel cell pile, the second Through solenoid valve, unidirectional
Valve, the second radiator, the first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor；The cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell pile is all the way
The output end of the first radiator is connected to by the second Through solenoid valve, another way accesses the input of the second radiator by check valve
End；The output end of second radiator is followed by an inlet in three-way magnetic valve by the second water pump, and described three are powered
Another inlet of magnet valve is connected to the input terminal of the first Through solenoid valve, and the liquid outlet of the three-way magnetic valve is connected to fuel electricity
The cooling liquid inlet of pond pile；First temperature sensor be arranged in the coolant liquid of three-way magnetic valve and fuel cell pile into
Between mouthful, the second temperature sensor is arranged between the cooling liquid outlet of fuel cell pile and the second Through solenoid valve.
3. extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that institute
Stating powertrain platform thermal management unit further includes the first expansion tank, and first expansion tank is by piping connection first
The both ends of water pump.
4. extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the combustion
Expect that battery body thermal management unit further includes the second expansion tank, second expansion tank is by piping connection in the second water pump
Both ends.
5. extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
One water pump, the first Through solenoid valve, the first radiator, the second water pump, three-way magnetic valve, the second Through solenoid valve, the second heat dissipation
Device passes through route and connect with thermal management controller, and coolant temperature senses before the DC-DC converter DC/DC entrance
Cooling-water temperature transmitter, the first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor pass through route and heat behind device, driving motor outlet
Management Controller connection.
6. a kind of extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system using as described in claim 1-5 any one
Control method, which is characterized in that this method is achieved by the steps of in the cold start mode:
Step (101), the thermal management controller detection pass through the coolant temperature T of fuel cell pileFIt is worth and compares TFWith
One threshold temperature T1Size；
Step (102), when the thermal management controller detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pileF< T1When, institute
It states thermal management controller and signal is sent to entire car controller by CAN line；The entire car controller start calculate fuel cell from
TFIt is warming up to T1Required energy Q1, then obtain the state-of-charge SOC value of lithium-ion-power cell and calculate with the dynamic of current SOC
Power battery driving running car heat caused by powertrain platform thermal management unit when being down to pre-determined lower limit to SOC
Q2, and compare Q1And Q2Between size；If the Q being calculated1> Q2, then external charge facility is needed to fill for power battery
Electricity；If Q1< Q2, the entire car controller then transmits this information to the thermal management controller；
Step (103), the entire car controller start lithium-ion-power cell to high direct voltage line conveying electric energy with pure power mode
Drive fuel cell car traveling；The thermal management controller gets Q1< Q2Afterwards, start the fuel cell main body heat management
Coolant liquid is transferred to powertrain platform thermal management unit and obtains heat by unit 2, and using the heat obtained to fuel electricity
Pond pile carries out pile heating；Meanwhile the thermal management controller closes the heat dissipation of the powertrain platform thermal management unit
Function；
Step (104), the thermal management controller receive the coolant temperature T by the powertrain platform thermal management unitD
It is worth and compares TDWith second threshold temperature T2Size: if TD< T2, then make dissipating for the powertrain platform thermal management unit
Heat function continues to remain off；If TD> T2, then the heat sinking function of the powertrain platform thermal management unit is opened,
Temperature control is carried out by powertrain platform thermal management unit described in PWM modulation.
7. the control method of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system according to claim 6, feature exist
In the first threshold temperature T1It is set as between -4 DEG C~0 DEG C；The second threshold temperature T2Be set as 60 DEG C~70 DEG C it
Between.
8. a kind of extended-range fuel cell car high efficient cryogenic activation system using as described in claim 1-5 any one
Control method, which is characterized in that this method is achieved by the steps of under normal heat management start-up mode:
Step (201), the thermal management controller detection pass through the coolant temperature T of fuel cell pileFIt is worth and compares TFWith
One threshold temperature T1Size；
Step (202), when the thermal management controller detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pileF> T1When, lead to
It crosses CAN line and sends signal to entire car controller, the entire car controller starting fluid battery stack conveys electricity to high direct voltage line
It can be to drive extended-range fuel cell car to travel and charge to lithium-ion-power cell；
Step (203), the thermal management controller start or keep the coolant liquid in the fuel cell main body thermal management unit
Heat dissipation recycles inside it, and closes the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit；
Step (204), the thermal management controller receive the coolant temperature T by the fuel cellFIt is worth and compares TFWith
Three threshold temperature T3Size: if T1< TF< T3, then the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit is kept
Closed state；If TF> T3, then the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit is opened, and pass through PWM modulation institute
It states fuel cell main body thermal management unit and carries out temperature control.
9. the control method of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system according to claim 8, feature exist
In the first threshold temperature T1It is set as between -4 DEG C~0 DEG C；The second threshold temperature T2Be set as 60 DEG C~70 DEG C it
Between；The third threshold temperature T3It is set as between 70 DEG C~80 DEG C.
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| CN111152688A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-15 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Control method for thermal management system of fuel cell automobile |
| CN111785992A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-16 | 吉林大学 | Mixed low-temperature cold start control method for fuel cell vehicle |
| CN113130934A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-16 | 上海高诗汽车科技有限公司 | Integrated thermal management system for whole fuel cell vehicle |
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| CN113246801A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-13 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Whole-vehicle thermal management system of fuel cell vehicle |
| CN113782770A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-12-10 | 佛山市飞驰汽车科技有限公司 | Fuel cell of fuel cell automobile |
| CN113921853A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-11 | 中国三峡新能源(集团)股份有限公司 | Fuel cell thermal management system based on magnetic heat flow and control method |
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| CN114312492A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-04-12 | 杭叉集团股份有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell forklift and power-on and power-off control system thereof |
| CN114312492B (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-06-14 | 杭叉集团股份有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell forklift and power-on and power-off control system thereof |
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