CN110400949A - Extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system and control method - Google Patents
Extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110400949A CN110400949A CN201810381410.3A CN201810381410A CN110400949A CN 110400949 A CN110400949 A CN 110400949A CN 201810381410 A CN201810381410 A CN 201810381410A CN 110400949 A CN110400949 A CN 110400949A
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- fuel cell
- thermal management
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- temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled systems comprising powertrain platform thermal management unit, fuel cell main body thermal management unit and thermal management controller；The thermal management controller is connect with powertrain platform thermal management unit, fuel cell main body thermal management unit respectively, and the powertrain platform thermal management unit is connected with fuel cell main body thermal management unit；Also disclose a kind of control method.The present invention using extended-range fuel cell car under pure electric drive driving cycle DC/DC in powertrain platform, power control unit PCU, waste heat be the fuel cell pile preheating for needing to be cold-started caused by driving motor, not only reduce the radiation energy consumption of powertrain platform critical component, auxiliary electrical heater energy consumption necessary to heating up for fuel cell pile is also evaded, to effectively increase the utilization rate of electrical of power battery, the continual mileage of extended-range fuel cell car is extended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell power system thermal management technology fields, and in particular to a kind of extended-range fuel cell vapour
Vehicle heat management coupled system and control method.
Background technique
Current auto industry Faced In Sustainable Development the double challenge of the severe energy and environment, develop new-energy automobile
It has been the common recognition in the whole world.New-energy automobile mainstream route includes pure electric automobile and fuel cell car.Wherein, fuel cell vapour
Vehicle is because with Zero-discharge non-pollution, energy density is high, course continuation mileage and orthodox car are suitable, fueling (compression hydrogen) time
The advantages that short, is unanimously considered in the industry the ultimate aim of auto industry.
In order to operate normally fuel cell car and keep the comfort taken, effective heat management is carried out very to vehicle
Necessity, and the heat management of fuel cell power system is then its key point.Fuel cell heat management system mainly includes fuel
Battery thermal management (predominantly fuel cell main body) and powertrain platform heat management (driving motor, power control unit PCU,
DC/DC) two parts.Wherein, the heat management one side temperature of fuel cell of fuel cell main body is lower, most heats
(~95%) needs coolant liquid to take away；On the other hand need to provide heat for fuel cell also in cold low temperature environment to assist
Its cold-starting.And cold boot of fuel cell problem has become one of the key technology bottleneck for hindering commercializing fuel cells,
It is the ultimate challenge of fuel cell car winter operation.
It is anti-when fuel cell starts in the low temperature environment lower than 0 DEG C when not taking any safeguard measure
Water caused by answering first can in Catalytic Layer inner icing, cause Catalytic Layer reactivity site capped and oxygen transmission by
There is rapid drawdown in resistance, voltage；When Catalytic Layer completely by ice cover and stack temperature do not rise to 0 DEG C or more also then can be in diffusion layer and stream
Freezing in road causes cold start-up to fail.On the other hand, the freezing process of Catalytic Layer will lead to catalyst layer and proton exchange membrane it
Between there is gap, while freezing/thawing circulation can cause platinum in the avalanche and densification and Catalytic Layer of Catalytic Layer microcellular structure
The roughening of particle causes electrochemical active surface to reduce and is difficult to restore, to cause permanently to fuel cell power generation performance
Property damage, and the cycle-index the how cold that open temperature lower bigger to cell damage.
The resolution policy of cold boot of fuel cell is divided into two classes at present: one kind be when pile is shut down using gas purging come
The water content of fuel cell membrane electrode is reduced, so that the formation of solid ice is reduced, but when stack temperature does not rise to 0 DEG C or more
As long as starting pile, which generates water, to freeze, and is that the position contacted on platinum grain surface with Nafion resin generates first
Ice leads to irreversible electrification once the ice-out that temperature is warmed to room temperature platinum and the interface Nafion will result in the disengaging at interface
Learn the loss of active area；It is another kind of be by the modes such as external power supply electric heating or hydrogen catalytic combustion heat release to pile and its
Both inner pad and membrane electrode are preheated, such mode not only system complex but also can generate larger energy consumption, shorten fuel
The course continuation mileage of battery car.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the shortcomings in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of extended-range fuel cell car heat managements
Coupled system and control method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
The embodiment of the present invention improves a kind of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system comprising dynamical system is flat
Platform thermal management unit, fuel cell main body thermal management unit and thermal management controller；The thermal management controller respectively with power
System platform thermal management unit, the connection of fuel cell main body thermal management unit, the powertrain platform thermal management unit and combustion
Expect the connection of battery body thermal management unit；
The powertrain platform thermal management unit includes the first water pump, DC-DC converter DC/DC, dynamic Control
Coolant temperature senses before unit PCU, driving motor, the first three-way magnetic valve, heat exchanger, the first radiator, DC/DC entrance
Temperature sensor behind device, driving motor outlet, it is straight that an output end of the heat exchanger passes sequentially through the first water pump, direct current-
Current converter DC/DC, power control unit PCU, driving motor, the first three-way magnetic valve are connected to corresponding input terminal；It is described
The output of first radiator is terminated between an output end of heat exchanger and the first water pump, the input of first radiator
It is terminated at an output end of the first three-way magnetic valve；Another input/output terminal and fuel cell main body of the heat exchanger
Thermal management unit connection；Coolant liquid temperature before setting DC/DC entrance between first water pump and DC-DC converter DC/DC
Sensor is spent, temperature sensor after driving motor exports is set between the driving motor and the first three-way magnetic valve.
In above scheme, the fuel cell main body thermal management unit includes the second water pump, fuel cell pile, the two or three
Three-way electromagnetic valve, the second radiator, the first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor；The coolant liquid of the fuel cell pile goes out
Mouthful by being connected to the input terminal of the second radiator after the second three-way magnetic valve all the way, another way be connected to heat exchanger another is defeated
Enter end, is connected to fuel electricity through the second water pump after the output end remittance simultaneously of output end corresponding with the input terminal and second radiator
The cooling liquid inlet of pond pile；The cooling liquid inlet of the second water pump and fuel cell pile is arranged in first temperature sensor
Between, the second temperature sensor is arranged between the cooling liquid outlet of fuel cell pile and the second three-way magnetic valve.
In above scheme, the powertrain platform thermal management unit further includes the first expansion tank, first expansion
Water tank is by piping connection at the both ends of the first water pump.
In above scheme, the fuel cell main body thermal management unit further includes the second expansion tank, second expansion
Water tank is by piping connection at the both ends of the second water pump.
In above scheme, first water pump, the first three-way magnetic valve, the first radiator, the second water pump, the two or three are powered
Magnet valve, the second radiator pass through route and connect with thermal management controller, cooling-water temperature transmitter before the DC/DC entrance,
Temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor pass through route behind driving motor outlet and heat management controls
Device connection.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of extended-range fuel cell vapour using as described in any one of above scheme
The control method of vehicle heat management coupled system, which is characterized in that this method is achieved by the steps of in the cold start mode:
Step (101), when the thermal management controller detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pileF< T1
When, signal is sent to entire car controller by CAN line；The entire car controller determines fuel cell from TFIt is warming up to T1Required energy
Measure Q1, then obtain the state-of-charge SOC value of lithium-ion-power cell and determine the power battery driving garage with current SOC
Sail heat Q caused by powertrain platform when being down to pre-determined lower limit to SOC2, and compare Q1And Q2Between size；If Q1
> Q2, then needing external charge facility is power battery charging；If Q1< Q2, the entire car controller then transmits the information
To the thermal management controller；
Step (102), the entire car controller start lithium-ion-power cell to high direct voltage line conveying electric energy with pure electricity
Mode activated fuel cell car traveling；The thermal management controller gets Q1< Q2Afterwards, start the fuel cell main body heat
Coolant liquid is transferred to powertrain platform thermal management unit and obtains heat by administrative unit, and using the heat obtained to fuel
Battery stack carries out pile heating；Meanwhile the thermal management controller closes dissipating for the powertrain platform thermal management unit
Heat function；
Step (103), the thermal management controller receive the coolant liquid by the powertrain platform thermal management unit
Temperature TDIt is worth and compares TDWith second threshold temperature T2Size: if TD< T2, then make the powertrain platform heat management list
The heat sinking function of member continues to remain off；If TD> T2, then the heat dissipation of the powertrain platform thermal management unit is opened
Function, and temperature control is carried out by powertrain platform thermal management unit described in PWM modulation.
In above scheme, the first threshold temperature T1It is set as between -4 DEG C~0 DEG C；The second threshold temperature T2If
It is set between 60 DEG C~70 DEG C.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of extended-range fuel cell vapour using as described in any one of above scheme
The control method of vehicle heat management coupled system, which is characterized in that this method is real as follows under normal heat management mode
It is existing:
Step (201), when the thermal management controller detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pileF> T1
When, signal is sent to entire car controller by CAN line, the entire car controller starting fluid battery stack is defeated to high direct voltage line
Power transmission can be to drive fuel cell car to travel and charge to lithium-ion-power cell；
Step (202), the thermal management controller is by the coolant liquid of the fuel cell pack via the fuel cell sheet
Second radiator of body heat administrative unit enters fuel cell pile；Meanwhile the thermal management controller closes the fuel electricity
The heat sinking function of pond ontology thermal management unit；
Step (203), the thermal management controller receive the coolant temperature T by the fuel cellFIt is worth and compares TF
With third threshold temperature T3Size: if T1< TF< T3, then make the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit
Continue to remain off；If TF> T3, then the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit is opened, and described
Thermal management controller 3 carries out temperature control by fuel cell main body thermal management unit described in PWM modulation.
In above scheme, the first threshold temperature T1It is set as between -4 DEG C~0 DEG C；The second threshold temperature T2If
It is set between 60 DEG C~70 DEG C；The third threshold temperature T3It is set as between 70 DEG C~80 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes extended-range fuel cell car dynamical system under pure electric drive driving cycle
DC/DC, power control unit PCU, waste heat caused by driving motor be the fuel cell pile that needs are cold-started in system platform
Preheating, not only reduces the radiation energy consumption of powertrain platform critical component, and also having evaded must for fuel cell pile heating
The auxiliary electrical heater energy consumption needed extends extended-range fuel cell vapour to effectively increase the utilization rate of electrical of power battery
The continual mileage of vehicle.Moreover, cold boot of fuel cell control method of the invention makes fuel cell pile only in stack temperature
Just will start when rising to above freezing to effectively prevent at low ambient temperatures starting fluid battery stack to pile core
The irreversible damage of part (especially membrane electrode), and then ensure that the normal work and health status (SOH) of fuel cell, also because
This improves the durability of fuel cell.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is heat exchanger in a kind of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the fuel electricity in a kind of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Pond power system architecture schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is a kind of control method of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment that it will be convenient to further describe the present invention with respect to the accompanying drawings, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with describing
And it is apparent.But embodiment be only it is exemplary, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.Those skilled in the art
Member it should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention can details to technical solution of the present invention and form into
Row modifications or substitutions, but these modifications and replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, numerous details is given in specific embodiment below.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that without these details, the present invention equally be can be implemented.In other embodiments,
Known method, process, element and circuit are not described in detail, in order to highlight purport of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system, as shown in Figure 1 comprising
Powertrain platform thermal management unit 1, fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 and thermal management controller 3；The heat management control
Device 3 is connect with powertrain platform thermal management unit 1, fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 respectively, the powertrain platform
Thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 connect；
The powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 includes the first water pump 102, DC-DC converter DC/DC103, moves
Power control unit PCU104, driving motor 105, the first three-way magnetic valve 106, heat exchanger 107, the first radiator 108, DC/
Temperature sensor 110 behind cooling-water temperature transmitter 109, driving motor outlet before DC entrance, one of the heat exchanger 107
Output end passes sequentially through the first water pump 102, DC-DC converter DC/DC103, power control unit PCU104, driving motor
105, the first three-way magnetic valve 106 is connected to corresponding input terminal, another input/output terminal of the heat exchanger 107
It is connect with fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2；The output of first radiator 108 is terminated at the heat exchanger 107
Between one output end and the first water pump 102, the input of first radiator 108 is terminated at the first three-way magnetic valve 106
One output end；Coolant liquid before setting DC/DC entrance between first water pump 102 and DC-DC converter DC/DC103
Temperature sensor 109 is arranged temperature after driving motor exports and passes between the driving motor 105 and the first three-way magnetic valve 106
Sensor 110.
The powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 is for controlling DC-DC converter DC/DC103, dynamic Control list
The heat that the operating temperature of first PCU104 and driving motor 105 and when above-mentioned three big device is worked by heat exchanger 107 generate
Amount passes to the preheating before fuel cell pile 203 is cold-started；
The fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 is used to control the operating temperature of fuel cell pile 203 and receives dynamic
Fuel cell pile 203 before the heat that Force system platform thermal management unit 1 passes over is cold-started preheats；
The thermal management controller 3 is for receiving powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body heat management
The temperature signal of coolant liquid and water pump, radiator, electromagnetic valve transmission switch into above-mentioned two big heat management systems in unit 2
Instruction and the revolving speed for regulating and controlling pump motor and radiator fan motor by PWM controlling mechanism；Additionally by CAN line with it is whole
Vehicle controller carries out information transmission and exchange.
Specifically, in powertrain platform thermal management unit 1, the liquid outlet and DC-dc conversion of the first water pump 102
The inlet of the cooling line of device DC/DC103 is connected by pipeline, the cooling line of DC-DC converter DC/DC103
Liquid outlet is connect with the inlet of the cooling line of power control unit PCU104, the cooling line of power control unit PCU104
Liquid outlet connect with the inlet of the cooling line of driving motor 105, the cooling liquid outlet of driving motor 105 and the first threeway
The inlet of solenoid valve 106 by pipeline connect, the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet of the first three-way magnetic valve 106 respectively with
The inlet of first radiator 108, the tube side inlet 1073 (shown in Fig. 2) of heat exchanger 107 are connected by pipeline, and first dissipates
The liquid outlet of hot device 108 and the tube side liquid outlet 1074 (shown in Fig. 2) of heat exchanger 107 are connected to the first water pump by pipeline
102 inlet, to form the coolant liquid circulation loop of powertrain platform thermal management unit 1.
Temperature sensor 11 is used to monitor behind cooling-water temperature transmitter 109, driving motor outlet before the DC/DC entrance
Coolant temperature.
The heat exchanger 107 of the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 be shell-and-tube or bushing type, material be 316L not
Become rusty steel.
As shown in Fig. 2, the outside of the heat exchanger 107 of powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 is coated with photothermal conversion guarantor
Warm fibrous layer 1071 is scattered and disappeared with reducing the heat of coolant liquid in heat exchanger shell side to low temperature environment；It is kept the temperature in photothermal conversion fine
It is also coated with optical-thermal conversion material coating 1072 outside dimension layer 1071, the coolant liquid in the shell side for being further reduced heat exchanger 107
Heat thermal energy is converted the solar under conditions of having illumination to improve shell heat exchanger while scatter and disappear to low temperature environment
The temperature of coolant liquid in journey.
The photothermal conversion insulation fibre layer 1071 that the outside of the heat exchanger 107 is coated is using containing Y2O3Surely
Fixed ZrO2(YSZ)、Al2O3、SiO2、MoO2The polypropylene fibre of equal optical-thermal conversion materials is mentioned with enhancing the absorption of near infrared ray
The heat insulation effect of high heat exchanger 107.In another embodiment, the light coated outside photothermal conversion insulation fibre layer 1071
Hot-cast socket material coating 1072 is Ni-SiO2Coating, Ni-Al2O3Coating, AlxOy-AlN/AlxOyThe series such as-AlN-Al/Al is thin
Film, Al-N-O gradation type Selective absorber coating and Ti-NxOyOne of families of coatings is a variety of, and luminous energy is converted to heat with this
The temperature of coolant liquid in heat exchanger shell side can be promoted.
The powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 further includes the first expansion tank 101, and first expansion tank 11 is logical
Piping connection is crossed at the both ends of the first water pump 102, first expansion tank 101 is used for level pressure fluid infusion.
The fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 includes the second water pump 202, the energization of fuel cell pile the 203, the 2nd 3
Magnet valve 204, the second radiator 205, the first temperature sensor 206, second temperature sensor 207；The fuel cell pile 24
Cooling liquid outlet the input terminal by being connected to the second radiator 205 after the second three-way magnetic valve 204 all the way, another way is connected to
The output end of another input terminal of heat exchanger 107, output end corresponding with the input terminal and second radiator 205 converges
The cooling liquid inlet of fuel cell pile 203 is connected to after and through the second water pump 202；The setting of first temperature sensor 206 exists
Between second water pump 202 and the cooling liquid inlet of fuel cell pile 203, the second temperature sensor 207 is arranged in fuel
Between the cooling liquid outlet of battery stack 203 and the second three-way magnetic valve 204.
Specifically, in fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2, the cooling liquid outlet of fuel cell pile 203 and second
The inlet of three-way magnetic valve 204 is connected by pipeline, the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet point of the second three-way magnetic valve 204
(do not scheme with the shell side inlet 1075 of heat exchanger 107 in the inlet of radiator 205, powertrain platform thermal management unit 1
Shown in 2) it is connected by pipeline, heat exchanger in the liquid outlet and powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 of the second radiator 205
107 shell side liquid outlet 1076 (shown in Fig. 2) is connected to the inlet of the second water pump 202 by pipeline, the second water pump 202
Liquid outlet connects the cooling liquid inlet of fuel cell pile 203 by pipeline, to form fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Coolant liquid circulation loop.
First temperature sensor 206, second temperature sensor 207 are for monitoring disengaging fuel cell pile coolant liquid
Temperature.
The fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 further includes the second expansion tank 201, second expansion tank 201
By piping connection at the both ends of the second water pump 202, second expansion tank 201 is used for level pressure fluid infusion.
First water pump 102, the first three-way magnetic valve 106, the first radiator 108, the second water pump 202, the second threeway
Solenoid valve 204, the second radiator 205 are connect by route with thermal management controller 3, coolant liquid temperature before the DC/DC entrance
Temperature sensor 110, the first temperature sensor 206, second temperature sensor 207 are equal behind degree sensor 109, driving motor outlet
It is connect by route with thermal management controller 3.
The first water pump 102 in the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2,
The fan of second water pump 202 and the first radiator 108, the second radiator 205 is all made of the electric water pump and electricity of PWM controlling mechanism
Dynamic fan.
Thermal management controller 3 passes through low-voltage signal line and powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body heat
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 109,110,206,207 in administrative unit 2 connects, and receives the temperature signal of temperature sensor；It is logical
Cross three energizations in low tension switch control line and powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Magnet valve 106,204 connects, and is sent to it the instruction for opening direction；Pass through low tension switch control line and powertrain platform heat management
Water pump 102,202 in unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 and radiator 108,205 connect, Xiang Shangshu water pump and
Radiator fan sends switch order and is sent to it pulse-width signal by PWM controlling mechanism to regulate and control pump motor and dissipate
The revolving speed of hot device fan motor；It is also connected by CAN line with entire car controller and carries out information transmission and exchange.
The work of thermal management controller 3 is in cold start mode and normal heat management mode:
In the cold start mode, the thermal management controller 3 turns on the power system platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell
Second valve of the first three-way magnetic valve 106 and the second three-way magnetic valve 204 in ontology thermal management unit 2 starts dynamical system
The first water pump 102 and the second water pump 202 in platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2.In this way, dynamic
Cooling fluid path running track in Force system platform thermal management unit 1 are as follows: coolant liquid temperature before first water pump 102 → DC/DC entrance
Spend 109 → DC-DC converter of sensor DC/DC103 → power control unit PCU104 → driving motor 105 → driving electricity
110 → the first 106 → heat exchanger of three-way magnetic valve of temperature sensor, 107 → the first water pump 102 behind machine outlet, to constitute dynamic
The complete energy of Force system platform thermal management unit 1 transmits circuit；The cooling fluid path of fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 is run
Track are as follows: 206 → fuel cell pile of cooling-water temperature transmitter 203 before second water pump 202 → fuel cell pile entrance →
207 → the second 204 → heat exchanger of three-way magnetic valve of cooling-water temperature transmitter, 107 → the second water behind fuel cell pile outlet
Pump 202, to constitute the complete energy transmitting circuit of fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2.Above-mentioned two energy transmission circuit
Heat interaction is carried out by heat exchanger 107 to fire extended-range to form the heat management coupled system of fuel cell power system
Expect that battery car high temperature energy caused by powertrain platform in the pure electric drive driving process of lithium-ion-power cell transmits
To the low-temperature fuel cell pile that needs are cold-started, its heating is made to realize the normal starting under low temperature environment.
Under normal heat management mode, the thermal management controller 3 turns on the power system platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel
First valve of the first three-way magnetic valve 106 and the second three-way magnetic valve 204 in battery body thermal management unit 2 starts power
The first radiator 108 and the second radiator 205 in system platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Fan and the first water pump 102 and the second water pump 202.In this way, the cooling fluid path in powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 is run
Track are as follows: 109 → DC-DC converter of cooling-water temperature transmitter DC/DC103 before first water pump 102 → DC/DC entrance →
110 → the first three-way magnetic valve of temperature sensor behind power control unit PCU104 → 105 → driving motor of driving motor outlet
106 → the first radiator, 108 → the first water pump 102, to constitute the complete energy transmitting of powertrain platform thermal management unit 1
Circuit；The cooling fluid path running track of fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 are as follows: second 202 → fuel cell pile of water pump enters
Cooling-water temperature transmitter behind the outlet of cooling-water temperature transmitter 206 → fuel cell pile, 203 → fuel cell pile before mouthful
207 → the second three-way magnetic valve, 204 → the second radiator, 205 → the second water pump 202, to constitute fuel cell main body heat management
The complete energy of unit 2 transmits circuit.Above-mentioned two energy transmission circuit is independent mutually, and thermal management controller 3 is controlled by PWM
Mechanism the first water pump 102 into powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 and fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 and respectively
The fan of two water pumps 202 and the first radiator 108 and the second radiator 205 send pulse-width signal come regulate and control pump motor and
The revolving speed of radiator fan motor is to control the temperature of powertrain platform and fuel cell pile.
In one embodiment, thermal management controller 3 is using the 109, first temperature of cooling-water temperature transmitter before DC/DC entrance
The coolant temperature conduct of temperature sensor 110, second temperature sensor 207 after degree sensor 206 or driving motor outlet
Reference temperature carries out subsequent comparison and processing.
In another embodiment, thermal management controller 3 is using cooling-water temperature transmitter 109, first before DC/DC entrance
The coolant temperature conduct of temperature sensor 110, second temperature sensor 207 after temperature sensor 206 and driving motor outlet
Reference temperature carries out subsequent comparison and processing.For example, cooling-water temperature transmitter 109 before DC/DC entrance and driving motor are gone out
The average value and the first temperature sensor 206 and second temperature sensor 207 of the coolant temperature of temperature sensor 110 after mouthful
Coolant temperature parameter of the average value as subsequent comparison and processing.It below will be before the DC/DC entrance in above-described embodiment
The coolant liquid reference temperature of temperature sensor 110 is referred to as " dynamic after cooling-water temperature transmitter 109 or/and driving motor outlet
Force system platform coolant temperature TD", by the first temperature sensor 206 or/and second temperature sensor in above-described embodiment
206207 coolant liquid reference temperature is referred to as " fuel cell pile coolant temperature TF”。
In one embodiment, thermal management controller 3 reads first threshold temperature T1, second threshold temperature T2With third threshold
It is worth temperature T3, wherein first threshold temperature T1Less than second threshold temperature T2, second threshold temperature T2Less than third threshold temperature
T3, i.e. T1< T2< T3.Wherein, first threshold temperature T1A temperature being set as in -4 DEG C~0 DEG C section；Second threshold temperature
T2The optimum temperature that a temperature being set as in 60 DEG C~70 DEG C sections, i.e. powertrain platform work normally；Third threshold value
Temperature T3The optimum temperature that a temperature being set as in 70 DEG C~80 DEG C sections, i.e. fuel cell pile 203 work normally.
The fuel cell pile coolant temperature T of thermal management controller 3FWith first threshold temperature T1.Work as TF< T1
When, thermal management controller 3 enters cold start mode；Work as TF> T1When, thermal management controller 3 enters normal heat management mode.
In one embodiment, the powertrain platform coolant temperature T of thermal management controller 3DWith the second threshold
It is worth temperature T2.Work as TD< T2When, thermal management controller 3 is only through PWM controlling mechanism into powertrain platform thermal management unit 1
The first water pump 102 send pulse-width signal and regulate and control the revolving speed of pump motor to control the temperature of powertrain platform；When
TD> T2When, thermal management controller 3 turn on the power system platform thermal management unit 1 the first three-way magnetic valve 106 the first valve
Door passes through PWM controlling mechanism the first water pump 102 and the first radiator 108 into powertrain platform thermal management unit 1 respectively
Pulse-width signal is sent to regulate and control the motor speed of 108 fan of the first water pump 102 and the first radiator to control dynamical system
The temperature of platform, so that the operating temperature of powertrain platform be kept to stablize in second threshold temperature T2。
In one embodiment, under normal heat management mode, the fuel cell pile of thermal management controller 3 is cold
But liquid temperature TFWith third threshold temperature T3.Work as T1< TF< T3When, thermal management controller 3 closes fuel cell main body heat management list
The fan of second radiator 205 of member 2 only passes through second water of the PWM controlling mechanism into fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Pump 202 sends pulse-width signal to regulate and control the revolving speed of pump motor to control the temperature of fuel cell pile；Work as TF> T3When,
Thermal management controller 3 opens the fan of the second radiator 205 of fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2, passes through PWM controlling mechanism
The second water pump 202 into fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 and the second radiator 205 send pulse-width signal respectively
Regulate and control the motor speed of 205 fan of the second water pump 202 and the second radiator to control the temperature of fuel cell pile 203, thus
The operating temperature of fuel cell pile 203 is kept to stablize in third threshold temperature T3。
The present invention using extended-range fuel cell car under pure electric drive driving cycle DC/DC in powertrain platform,
Waste heat caused by power control unit PCU, driving motor is the fuel cell pile preheating for needing to be cold-started, and is not only reduced
The radiation energy consumption of powertrain platform critical component has also evaded auxiliary electrical heater energy necessary to heating up for fuel cell pile
Consumption, to effectively increase the utilization rate of electrical of power battery, extends the continual mileage of extended-range fuel cell car.And
And cold boot of fuel cell control method of the invention makes the fuel cell pile only ability when stack temperature rises to above freezing
Will start to effectively prevent at low ambient temperatures starting fluid battery stack to pile core component (especially membrane electrode)
Irreversible damage, and then ensure that the normal work and health status (SOH) of fuel cell, also therefore improve fuel cell
Durability.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system control method, such as Fig. 3
With shown in Fig. 4, realized by following steps.
In step 300, the coolant temperature that the detection of thermal management controller 3 passes through the fuel cell pile 203
TFValue；In one embodiment, cooling-water temperature transmitter 206 and fuel cell electricity before the fuel cell pile entrance are detected
The coolant temperature numerical value of cooling-water temperature transmitter 207 behind heap outlet, and thereby determine that through the fuel cell pile 203
Coolant temperature TFValue.Then, the fuel cell pile coolant temperature TFWith first threshold temperature T1Size simultaneously
Enter step 310.
In the step 310, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature of the fuel cell pile 203
TF< T1When, then enter step 311.
In step 311, as shown in figure 3, the thermal management controller 3 sends T to entire car controller by CAN lineF< T1
Signal, entire car controller starts to calculate fuel cell from TFIt is warming up to T1Required energy Q1, then obtain lithium-ion-power cell
State-of-charge SOC value and calculate and drive running car to be down to power described in pre-determined lower limit to SOC with the power battery of current SOC
Heat caused by system platform (DC-DC converter DC/DC103, power control unit PCU104 and driving motor 105)
Q2, and compare Q1And Q2Between size, subsequently into step 312.In one embodiment, the lithium-ion-power cell is adopted
With lithium titanate battery (as shown in Figure 3), all-solid lithium-ion battery, lithium manganate battery, the ternary lithium ion of low temperature performance excellent
One of battery is a variety of.
Specifically, the pre-determined lower limit can be down to 10% using SOC.
In step 312, as the Q that the entire car controller is calculated1> Q2When, then enter step 313, i.e. lithium titanate
Power battery needs external charge facility to charge for it；As the Q that the entire car controller is calculated1< Q2When, entire car controller
The information is then fed back into the thermal management controller 3 and enters step 314 immediately.
In a step 314, the entire car controller starts metatitanic acid lithium dynamical battery to high direct voltage line conveying electric energy with pure
Power mode drives extended-range fuel cell car traveling；The thermal management controller 3 gets Q1< Q2Afterwards, start the fuel
Second water pump 202 of battery body thermal management unit 2 and the second valve of the second three-way magnetic valve 204, make the fuel cell
The shell side pipeline that the coolant liquid of pile 203 flows through the heat exchanger 107 obtains 107 tube side of heat exchanger and is passed over
Heat and under the driving of the second water pump 202 of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 enter fuel cell pile 203
For pile heating；Then 310 real-time monitoring T of return stepFWith T1Size variation.
Progress synchronous with step 314 is step 315, i.e., the described thermal management controller 3 starts the powertrain platform
First water pump 102 of thermal management unit 1 and the second valve of the first three-way magnetic valve 106, make the temperature of powertrain platform compared with
The tube side pipeline that high coolant liquid flows through the heat exchanger 107 transfers heat to fuel in 107 shell side of heat exchanger
The coolant liquid of battery stack.Subsequently enter step 316.
In step 316, the coolant temperature T that the detection of thermal management controller 3 passes through the powertrain platformD
Value；In one embodiment, temperature after cooling-water temperature transmitter 109 and driving motor outlet is detected before the DC/DC entrance
The coolant temperature numerical value of sensor 110, and thereby determine that the coolant temperature T by the powertrain platformDValue.So
Afterwards, the coolant temperature T of the powertrain platformDWith second threshold temperature T2Size.Subsequently enter step 317.
In step 317, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the powertrain platformD>
T2When, then enter step 318.In step 318, the thermal management controller 3 opens the powertrain platform heat management list
First valve of the first three-way magnetic valve 106 of member 1, and by PWM controlling mechanism respectively to powertrain platform heat management list
The first water pump 102 and the first radiator 108 in member 1 send pulse-width signal to regulate and control the first water pump 102 and the first heat dissipation
The motor speed of 108 fan of device is to control the temperature of powertrain platform, to keep the operating temperature of powertrain platform steady
It is scheduled on second threshold temperature T2, to guarantee that powertrain platform works in optimum working temperature.
In step 317, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the powertrain platformD<
T2When, then it is back to step 315, i.e., (T in the cold start modeF< T1) make the of the powertrain platform thermal management unit 1
Second valve of one three-way magnetic valve 106 continues to keep it turned on, and only passes through PWM controlling mechanism to powertrain platform heat pipe
The first water pump 102 in reason unit 1 sends pulse-width signal to regulate and control the revolving speed of pump motor to control powertrain platform
Temperature.
In the step 310, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature of the fuel cell pile 203
TF> T1When, then enter step 320.
In step 320, as shown in figure 3, the thermal management controller 3 passes through CAN line for TF> T1Signal be sent to it is whole
Vehicle controller, entire car controller starting fluid battery stack 203 convey electric energy to high direct voltage line to drive extended-range fuel electric
Pond running car simultaneously gives lithium titanate power battery charging.Subsequently into step 321.
In step 321, the thermal management controller 3 starts (when normal heat management mode) or keeps (cold start mode
When, i.e., when being back to step 310 from step 314) the second water pump 202 operating of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 is simultaneously
The first valve for opening the second three-way magnetic valve 204 of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 makes the fuel cell electricity
The coolant liquid of heap 203 enters fuel cell pile via the second radiator 205 of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
203.322 are entered step simultaneously, i.e., the described thermal management controller 3 closes the second of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
205 fan of radiator.Subsequently into step 323.
In step 323, the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature for passing through the fuel cell pile 203
TFIt is worth and compares TFWith third threshold temperature T3Size.Subsequently enter step 324.
In step 324, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pileF>
T3When, then enter step 325.In step 325, the thermal management controller 3 opens the fuel cell main body heat management list
The fan of second radiator 205 of member 2, and by PWM controlling mechanism respectively into fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2 the
Two water pumps 202 and the second radiator 205 send pulse-width signal to regulate and control 205 fan of the second water pump 202 and the second radiator
Motor speed to control the temperature of fuel cell pile 203, so that the operating temperature of fuel cell pile be kept to stablize the
Three threshold temperature T3, to guarantee that fuel cell pile works in optimum working temperature.
In step 324, when the thermal management controller 3 detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pile1<
TF< T3When, then it is back to step 322, even if the fan of the second radiator 205 of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Continue to remain off, only the second water pump 202 hair by PWM controlling mechanism into fuel cell main body thermal management unit 2
Pulse-width signal is sent to regulate and control the revolving speed of pump motor to control the temperature of fuel cell pile 203.
The embodiment of the present invention content is disclosed above, however the present embodiment is not intended to limit the invention the range of implementation,
Simple equivalent changes and modifications made by claims according to the present invention and description, still fall within the technology of the present invention side
In the range of case.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system, which is characterized in that it includes powertrain platform heat pipe
Manage unit, fuel cell main body thermal management unit and thermal management controller；The thermal management controller is flat with dynamical system respectively
Platform thermal management unit, the connection of fuel cell main body thermal management unit, the powertrain platform thermal management unit and fuel cell
The connection of ontology thermal management unit；
The powertrain platform thermal management unit includes the first water pump, DC-DC converter DC/DC, power control unit
Cooling-water temperature transmitter before PCU, driving motor, the first three-way magnetic valve, heat exchanger, the first radiator, DC/DC entrance,
Temperature sensor behind driving motor outlet, an output end of the heat exchanger passes sequentially through the first water pump, DC-DC becomes
Parallel operation DC/DC, power control unit PCU, driving motor, the first three-way magnetic valve are connected to corresponding input terminal；Described first
The output of radiator is terminated between an output end of heat exchanger and the first water pump, the input termination of first radiator
In an output end of the first three-way magnetic valve；Another input/output terminal and fuel cell main body heat pipe of the heat exchanger
Manage unit connection；Coolant temperature passes before DC/DC entrance is arranged between first water pump and DC-DC converter DC/DC
Temperature sensor after driving motor exports is arranged in sensor between the driving motor and the first three-way magnetic valve.
2. extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fuel
Battery body thermal management unit includes the second water pump, fuel cell pile, the second three-way magnetic valve, the second radiator, the first temperature
Spend sensor, second temperature sensor；The cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell pile pass through the second three-way magnetic valve after all the way
It is connected to the input terminal of the second radiator, another way is connected to another input terminal of heat exchanger, corresponding with the input terminal to export
The output end of end and second radiator is connected to the cooling liquid inlet of fuel cell pile through the second water pump after converging simultaneously；Described
One temperature sensor is arranged between the second water pump and the cooling liquid inlet of fuel cell pile, and the second temperature sensor is set
It sets between the cooling liquid outlet and the second three-way magnetic valve of fuel cell pile.
3. extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
Powertrain platform thermal management unit further includes the first expansion tank, and first expansion tank is by piping connection in the first water
The both ends of pump.
4. extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the fuel
Battery body thermal management unit further includes the second expansion tank, and second expansion tank is by piping connection in the second water pump
Both ends.
5. extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described first
Water pump, the first three-way magnetic valve, the first radiator, the second water pump, the second three-way magnetic valve, the second radiator pass through route with
Thermal management controller connection, temperature sensor behind cooling-water temperature transmitter, driving motor outlet before the DC/DC entrance, the
One temperature sensor, second temperature sensor pass through route and connect with thermal management controller.
6. a kind of control using the extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system as described in claim 1-5 any one
Method processed, which is characterized in that this method is achieved by the steps of in the cold start mode:
Step (101), when the thermal management controller detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pileF< T1When, lead to
It crosses CAN line and sends signal to entire car controller；The entire car controller determines fuel cell from TFIt is warming up to T1Required energy Q1,
Then it obtains the state-of-charge SOC value of lithium-ion-power cell and determines with the power battery driving running car of current SOC extremely
Heat Q caused by powertrain platform when SOC is down to pre-determined lower limit2, and compare Q1And Q2Between size；If Q1> Q2,
Then needing external charge facility is power battery charging；If Q1< Q2, the entire car controller then transmits this information to described
Thermal management controller；
Step (102), the entire car controller start lithium-ion-power cell to high direct voltage line conveying electric energy with pure power mode
Drive fuel cell car traveling；The thermal management controller gets Q1< Q2Afterwards, start the fuel cell main body heat management
Coolant liquid is transferred to powertrain platform thermal management unit and obtains heat by unit, and using the heat obtained to fuel cell
Pile carries out pile heating；Meanwhile the thermal management controller closes the heat dissipation function of the powertrain platform thermal management unit
Energy；
Step (103), the thermal management controller receive the coolant temperature T by the powertrain platform thermal management unitD
It is worth and compares TDWith second threshold temperature T2Size: if TD< T2, then make dissipating for the powertrain platform thermal management unit
Heat function continues to remain off；If TD> T2, then the heat sinking function of the powertrain platform thermal management unit is opened,
And temperature control is carried out by powertrain platform thermal management unit described in PWM modulation.
7. the control method of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system according to claim 6, feature exist
In the first threshold temperature T1It is set as between -4 DEG C~0 DEG C；The second threshold temperature T2Be set as 60 DEG C~70 DEG C it
Between.
8. a kind of control using the extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system as described in claim 1-5 any one
Method processed, which is characterized in that this method is achieved by the steps of under normal heat management mode:
Step (201), when the thermal management controller detects the coolant temperature T of the fuel cell pileF> T1When, lead to
It crosses CAN line and sends signal to entire car controller, the entire car controller starting fluid battery stack conveys electricity to high direct voltage line
It can be to drive fuel cell car to travel and charge to lithium-ion-power cell；
Step (202), the thermal management controller is by the coolant liquid of the fuel cell pack via the fuel cell main body heat
Second radiator of administrative unit enters fuel cell pile；Meanwhile the thermal management controller closes the fuel cell sheet
The heat sinking function of body heat administrative unit；
Step (203), the thermal management controller receive the coolant temperature T by the fuel cellFIt is worth and compares TFWith
Three threshold temperature T3Size: if T1< TF< T3, then continue the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit
It remains off；If TF> T3, then the heat sinking function of the fuel cell main body thermal management unit, and the heat pipe are opened
It manages controller 3 and temperature control is carried out by fuel cell main body thermal management unit described in PWM modulation.
9. the control method of extended-range fuel cell car heat management coupled system according to claim 8, feature exist
In the first threshold temperature T1It is set as between -4 DEG C~0 DEG C；The second threshold temperature T2Be set as 60 DEG C~70 DEG C it
Between；The third threshold temperature T3It is set as between 70 DEG C~80 DEG C.
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