CN110400224B - Off-site bond transaction clearing system and method based on license chain - Google Patents
Off-site bond transaction clearing system and method based on license chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN110400224B CN110400224B CN201910688255.4A CN201910688255A CN110400224B CN 110400224 B CN110400224 B CN 110400224B CN 201910688255 A CN201910688255 A CN 201910688255A CN 110400224 B CN110400224 B CN 110400224B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an off-site bond transaction clearing system based on a permission chain, which improves the transparency of products, increases the intelligent level of the products, improves the level of flow automation and intellectualization, improves the transaction and signing efficiency, reduces the transaction cost and reduces the systematic financial risk. The technical proposal is as follows: full life cycle management of off-site bond transactions is achieved. Permission chain-based permission design ensures self-organization and strong supervision of market ecology under an off-site bond transaction system, and permission design based on a decentralised CA organization ensures equal status of market alliance, so that supervision intention is reflected. And the intelligent contract is utilized to complete the design of transaction and clearing, the business interaction of a transaction mechanism and a transaction opponent mechanism is completed, and the intelligent contract is utilized to automatically check and instruct to complete the transaction risk prevention and the ticket money transfer. The design of the wind control rule of the intelligent contract is configured according to the supervision suitability matching rule, so that the intelligent matching and the automatic management of the supervision rule are realized, and an active supervision mechanism is formed.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a system and method for clearing securities, and more particularly to a system and method for clearing off-site securities based on a licensing chain.
Background
The bond is a valuable document which is issued to investors and promises to pay the interest rate according to a certain interest rate and pay the principal due when the institutions such as government, financial institutions, industry and commerce enterprises directly borrow and raise funds to society. Currently, the bond trade market in China is mainly divided into an on-site market and an off-site market. The market in the field is mainly composed of Shanghai securities exchange and Shenzhen securities exchange; the off-site market is dominated by the inter-bank market and the bank counter market. Among them, the off-site market, which is the dominant market among banks, has become the main body of the actual bond market.
The existing inter-bank bond market mainly depends on a China foreign exchange transaction center, a central national bond registration settlement company and a Shanghai clearing house, and the three institutions are respectively responsible for the transaction, registration settlement and clearing of bonds. With the steady outward opening of the bond market, the participation of bond market in the main body is rapidly increased, and the participation of intermediary institutions such as Chinese foreign exchange transaction centers, central national debt registration and settlement companies and the like in the formulated market structure and risk accumulation become obvious constraint factors. Firstly, the lack of proper market layering, i.e. the utilization of inter-trader markets, inter-trader and inter-customer markets has not yet formed, contusions the enthusiasm of doing markets, resulting in a chaotic market price signal. Secondly, the credit event of the bond is frequently sent out, the credit bond default scale is enlarged, the number of newly added default enterprises is increased, the continuous bond of the early default enterprises is subjected to interlinking default, and the technical default event is continuously increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide an off-site bond transaction clearing system and method based on a license chain, which increase the transparency of products through a blockchain, increase the intelligence level of the products through intelligent contracts and are beneficial to automatizing and intelligentizing life cycle flows such as transaction, clearing and the like in the bond market between banks; the transaction and signing efficiency is improved through online quotation, online signing and other modes, and the transaction cost is reduced; real-time market information and retrospective transaction information are provided for a supervision organization, and systematic financial risks are reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the invention discloses an off-site bond transaction clearing system based on a license chain, which comprises an application layer subsystem, a system interface subsystem, a business service layer subsystem and a license chain service subsystem, wherein the application layer subsystem interacts with the business service layer subsystem through an application program interface in the system interface subsystem provided by a blockchain middleware, wherein the application layer subsystem comprises a plurality of interfaces, wherein the interfaces are as follows:
an application layer subsystem for management including, but not limited to, funds management, bond management, and account management, responsive to instructions of the business service layer subsystem including, but not limited to, funds transfer, bond scheduling, verifying the validity of the instructions and providing billing services for the funds and bonds to the customer;
the business service layer subsystem is configured to realize the following four services, namely: a first aspect for providing system access including but not limited to login services, customer registration, auditing and authentication and login, a second aspect for providing services including but not limited to online subscription services, contract templates, seal signing, contract querying and contract archiving, and a third aspect for core transaction services, providing services including but not limited to bond intention quotes, intention click achievements, bond real-time quotations, check verification bonds, bond transaction validation and bond payoff; a fourth aspect for a pneumatic control and compliance service providing risk calculation, compliance reporting and emergency disposal services;
the license chain service subsystem comprises a platform layer and a base layer, wherein the platform layer provides intelligent contract service, and the base layer provides license chain account service, uplink service and consensus service.
According to an embodiment of the license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of the present invention, the application layer subsystem further comprises:
a funds system module for interfacing with funds accounts of external financial institutions including banks for responding to and verifying funds manipulation actions including, but not limited to, funds transfer instructions, funds inquiry instructions;
a bond system module for interfacing with a bond operations comprising, but not limited to, a central bond registration settlement limit liability company and a Shanghai clearinghouse for responding to bond operations comprising, but not limited to, bond transfer instructions, bond inquiry instructions;
the billing system module is used for receiving and displaying the transaction details, the available funds amount and the available bonds amount of the institution and providing a reconciliation service;
and the account system module is used for maintaining and verifying the one-to-one correspondence among external fund accounts, external bond accounts, off-site bond transaction clearing accounts and system blockchain accounts which are opened by the institutions in each system.
According to an embodiment of the license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of the present invention, the business service layer subsystem further comprises:
the login service module is used for managing system access including registration, auditing, authentication and login;
the core transaction service module is used for managing order initiation, quotation, transaction and clearing services including bond intention quotation, intention click bargain, bond real-time quotation, check and check, bond transaction confirmation and bond dealing;
the online signing service module is used for managing contract management services including contract templates, seal signing, contract inquiry and contract archiving;
and the wind control and compliance service module is used for configuring according to the supervision suitability matching rule, realizing automatic risk calculation and automatic supervision rule matching, and forming an active supervision mechanism.
According to one embodiment of the license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of the present invention, the license chain service subsystem implements intelligent contract services for automated bond transaction verification, contract seal and security check handling status detection to determine the status and flow of subsequent bonds and funds, the license chain account services for building an inter-institution self-organizing, voting rights equal market alliance network, the up-chain services for writing and retrieving data into the blockchain network, including but not limited to contracts, wind-controlled reports and compliance reports, ensuring that they are not tamperable, non-repudiation, and consensus services for synchronizing the data and status of nodes in the network, preventing institutions or nodes from disliked.
According to an embodiment of the off-site bond transaction clearing system based on the license chain, the institutions serving as the starting nodes form a system initial network, the institutions are divided into transaction institutions, voting institutions and supervision institutions, the admission or the admission of a new member institution requires the voting institutions in the license chain to vote, and meanwhile, the supervision institutions are given a vote overrule right, and the flow of the transaction authority application of joining the system by the new member institution configured by the system is as follows:
submitting registration data by a new institution, and applying for a request for opening the platform transaction permission;
the request is submitted to voting institutions of the market alliance via intelligent contracts;
the voting mechanism checks the registration information distributed by the intelligent contract, and votes the opinion on the request, and the votes pass the audit of the supervision mechanism; if the vote is not passed, the system refuses the application of the new mechanism;
the supervision organization receives the audit request, processes the audit request, grants the transaction permission if the new organization does not enter the transaction limited observation list, and refuses the request if the new organization enters the transaction limited observation list;
the system distributes and issues blockchain accounts for new institutions agreed by the supervision institutions to assist the new institutions to finish the verification of the blockchain public key addresses of the new institutions;
the new organization keeps the user's own blockchain public and private keys.
According to one embodiment of the license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of the present invention, the system is configured with a node admission flow to a new institution as follows:
submitting self mechanism information and node resource information by a new mechanism, and sending a node joining request;
the request is submitted to an operating node in an existing license chain via a smart contract;
the existing license chain operation node receives the mechanism information and the node resource information distributed by the intelligent contract and makes agreements or disagreement replies in a given time;
the intelligent contract collects replies of the online nodes and gives a pass or fail decision;
and sending a node certificate and interactively verifying the node certificate and the synchronous node data for the request of which the intelligent contract is determined to pass, and sending a refusal notification for the request of which the intelligent contract is determined to not pass.
According to one embodiment of the license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of the present invention, the system configures the bond transaction and clearing flow as follows:
the sponsor of the transaction initiates a new bond transaction intent that is first submitted to the intelligent contract on the licensing chain;
verifying the assets or bonds of the initiator by the intelligent contract, if the verification coupon passes, entering the next step, and if the verification coupon does not pass, ending the flow;
registering the transaction intent into a blockchain;
publishing and pushing the transaction intent;
the transaction counter-party receives market information about transaction intent;
the transaction opponent pre-locks the transaction intention;
the intelligent contract initiates verification of the assets of the transaction counter-party, if the verification is passed, the next step is carried out, and if the verification is not passed, the process is ended;
the transaction counter-party enters a contract signing page to finish the printing of the mechanism;
the transaction initiator receives the contract signed by the transaction counter party and to be signed by the own party, and completes the printing of the mechanism;
the intelligent contract carries out seal detection, judges whether both transaction sides complete mechanism seal, if yes, enters the next step, otherwise, ends the flow;
the intelligent contract sends a security deposit dealing instruction according to the agreed transaction confirmation, and the assets and bonds of both transaction sides are transferred;
the transaction information is updated after the transaction is completed.
The invention also discloses a clearance method for off-site bond transaction based on the license chain, which comprises the following bond transaction and clearance flows:
the initiator of the transaction initiates a new transaction intent that is first submitted to the intelligent contract on the licensing chain;
verifying the assets or bonds of the initiator by the intelligent contract, if the verification coupon passes, entering the next step, and if the verification coupon does not pass, ending the flow;
registering the transaction intent into a blockchain;
publishing and pushing the transaction intent;
the transaction counter-party receives market information about transaction intent;
the transaction opponent pre-locks the transaction intention;
the intelligent contract initiates verification of the assets of the transaction counter-party, if the verification is passed, the next step is carried out, and if the verification is not passed, the process is ended;
the transaction counter-party enters a contract signing page to finish the printing of the mechanism;
the transaction initiator receives the contract signed by the transaction counter party and to be signed by the own party, and completes the printing of the mechanism;
the intelligent contract carries out seal detection, judges whether both transaction sides complete mechanism seal, if yes, enters the next step, otherwise, ends the flow;
the intelligent contract sends a security deposit dealing instruction according to the agreed transaction confirmation, and the assets and bonds of both transaction sides are transferred;
the transaction information is updated after the transaction is completed.
According to an embodiment of the license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing method of the present invention, the method further comprises a transaction right application procedure of the new member institution joining the off-site bond transaction clearing system:
submitting registration data by a new institution, and applying for a request for opening the platform transaction permission;
the request is submitted to voting institutions of the market alliance via intelligent contracts;
the voting mechanism checks the registration information distributed by the intelligent contract, and votes the opinion on the request, and the votes pass the audit of the supervision mechanism; if the vote is not passed, the system refuses the application of the new mechanism;
the supervision organization receives the audit request, processes the audit request, grants the transaction permission if the new organization does not enter the transaction limited observation list, and refuses the request if the new organization enters the transaction limited observation list;
the system distributes and issues blockchain accounts for new institutions agreed by the supervision institutions to assist the new institutions to finish the verification of the blockchain public key addresses of the new institutions;
the new organization keeps the user's own blockchain public and private keys.
According to an embodiment of the license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing method of the present invention, the method further comprises a node admission flow of the new institution:
submitting self mechanism information and node resource information by a new mechanism, and sending a node joining request;
the request is submitted to an operating node in an existing license chain via a smart contract;
the existing license chain operation node receives the mechanism information and the node resource information distributed by the intelligent contract and makes agreements or disagreement replies in a given time;
the intelligent contract collects replies of the online nodes and gives a pass or fail decision;
and sending a node certificate and interactively verifying the node certificate and the synchronous node data for the request of which the intelligent contract is determined to pass, and sending a refusal notification for the request of which the intelligent contract is determined to not pass.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the off-site bond transaction clearing system and method based on the license chain realize the full life cycle management of off-site bond transactions, and comprise the functions of institution registration, institution authentication and auditing, bond intention quotation, bond real-time quotation inquiry, intention click bargain, on-line contract signing, automatic risk warning, supervision penetration and the like. The authority design method based on the license chain divides the roles of the institutions into transaction institutions, node institutions and supervision institutions, can ensure self-organization and strong supervision of market ecology under an off-site bond transaction system, provides an authority design method of a decentralised CA institution (certificate authority), ensures the equal status of market alliance, and reflects supervision intention. In addition, the invention utilizes the intelligent contract to complete the design of transaction and clearing, can efficiently complete the business interaction of a transaction mechanism and a transaction opponent mechanism, and utilizes the intelligent contract to automatically check and instruct to complete transaction risk prevention and ticket money transfer. Finally, the design of the wind control rule of the intelligent contract is configured according to the supervision suitability matching rule, so that the intelligent matching and the automatic management of the supervision rule are realized, an active supervision mechanism is formed, real-time market information and retrospective transaction information can be provided for a supervision mechanism, and the systematic financial risk is reduced.
Drawings
The above features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood after reading the detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the following drawings. In the drawings, the components are not necessarily to scale and components having similar related features or characteristics may have the same or similar reference numerals.
FIG. 1 illustrates a system architecture diagram of one embodiment of a license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of the present invention.
Fig. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams showing the flow of application of transaction rights by a new institution in the system of the present invention.
Fig. 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams illustrating the flow of a new organization in the system of the present invention applying to become a licensed chain node.
Fig. 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams illustrating the flow of a chain of permissions-based bond transaction in the system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of license chain based administration and risk in the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments. It is noted that the aspects described below in connection with the drawings and the specific embodiments are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
Fig. 1 illustrates a system architecture of an embodiment of the license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the system of the present embodiment includes: an application layer subsystem, a system interface subsystem, a business service layer subsystem, and a license chain service subsystem.
Application layer subsystems include, but are not limited to: a fund system module, a bond system module and an account system module. These system modules interact with the business service layer subsystem (blockchain core business) through Application Program Interfaces (APIs) in the system interface subsystem provided by the blockchain middleware. The blockchain middleware provides unified access specification upward as a generic component.
The application layer subsystem comprises a fund system module, a bond system module, a billing system module, an account system module and the like, responds to fund transfer instructions, bond scheduling instructions and the like of the business service layer, verifies the validity of the instructions, and provides a bill reconciliation service of funds and bonds for customers.
And the fund system module is used for interfacing fund accounts of external financial institutions such as banks and the like and is used for responding and verifying fund operation behaviors such as fund transfer instructions, fund inquiry instructions and the like.
And the bond system module is used for registering and settling the bond operation behaviors such as a limited liability company, a Shanghai clearing house and the like on the central bonds and responding to bond transfer instructions, bond inquiry instructions and the like.
And the billing system module is used for receiving and displaying the transaction details, the available funds amount and the available bond amount of the institution and providing a reconciliation service.
And the account system module is used for maintaining and verifying the one-to-one correspondence among external fund accounts, external bond accounts, off-site bond transaction clearing accounts and system blockchain accounts which are opened by the institutions in each system.
The business service layer subsystem comprises a login management service module, a core transaction service module, an online signing service module and a wind control and compliance service module. The business service layer subsystem is used for providing various functions commonly used in off-site bond transaction clearing systems, including login, quotation transaction, online signing, clearing, wind control, compliance and the like. The business service layer subsystem is configured to realize the following four services, namely: a first aspect for providing system access including but not limited to login services, customer registration, auditing and authentication and login, a second aspect for providing services including but not limited to online subscription services, contract templates, seal signing, contract querying and contract archiving, and a third aspect for core transaction services, providing services including but not limited to bond intention quotes, intention click achievements, bond real-time quotations, check verification bonds, bond transaction validation and bond payoff; fourth aspect for air control and compliance services providing risk calculation, compliance reporting and emergency disposal services
The login service module is used for managing system access including registration, auditing and authentication and login.
The core transaction service module is used for managing order initiation, quotation, transaction and clearing services including bond intention quotation, intention click bargain, bond real-time quotation, check and verification bond, bond transaction confirmation and security payoff.
The online signing service module is used for managing contract management services including contract templates, seal signing, contract inquiry and contract archiving.
The wind control and compliance service module is used for configuring according to the supervision suitability matching rule, so that automatic risk calculation and automatic supervision rule matching are realized, and an active supervision mechanism is formed.
The license chain service subsystem mainly comprises a platform layer and a base layer, wherein the platform layer provides intelligent contract service, and the base layer provides license chain account service, uplink service and consensus service. The smart contract service is used to automate the status detection of bond validation, contract seal and deal in bond transactions to determine the status and flow of subsequent bonds and funds. The license chain account service is used for constructing a market alliance network based on inter-institution self-organization, equal voting rights and the like, and provides one-to-one correspondence of system accounts and blockchain accounts for institutions. The uplink service is used for writing and acquiring data including contracts, wind control reports, compliance reports and the like into the blockchain network, and guaranteeing that the data cannot be tampered and repudiated. The consensus service is used to synchronize data and status of nodes in the network, preventing organizations or nodes from getting bad.
In the license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of the present invention, the initial network may be initiated by a single market institution or multiple market institutions. These organizations, as originating nodes, constitute a market alliance of equal status. In this network, the rights of an organization can be divided into three types depending on whether it participates in license chain infrastructure construction or not, role responsibilities: one is a transaction facility, which has corresponding bond transactions and clearing rights in a licensing chain; one is a voting mechanism, wherein the voting mechanism applies for the transaction authority of a new mechanism and the node of the new mechanism adds and applies for ownership of the voting authority in a permission chain; one is a regulatory agency, which has responsibility for legal market supervision and administration.
In the platform of the system, other new member institutions except the supervision institutions all need to submit new data to the market alliance for auditing through the platform. The admittance or admission of a member requires a voting authority (i.e., voting authority) in the chain of permissions to vote while giving the regulatory authority a vote overrule. In admission or admission control, membership is secured by means of certificates, encryption, digital signatures, and the like.
Fig. 2A and 2B illustrate the flow of a transaction right application for a new institution joining the system. Referring to fig. 2A and 2B, the steps of the transaction right application are described in detail below.
Step S11: the new organization submits the registration data and applies for opening the platform transaction permission.
Step S12: the request is submitted via intelligent contracts to various entities (voting entities) of the market alliance that have a vote right.
Step S13: the voting authority looks at the registration information distributed by the intelligent contract and issues a voting opinion on the request.
Step S14: if 2/3 or more of voting groups in the current market alliance agree, reporting the supervision agency to audit; if the number of voting institutions agreeing within the agreed time is less than 2/3 of the voting community, the system refuses its application.
The 2/3 of this step is merely an example, and can be extended to other voting modes, how to vote does not affect the scope of the invention.
Step S15: the regulatory body receives the verification request and processes the request. If the new institution does not enter the transaction limited watch list, the regulatory institution grants its transaction rights, otherwise the regulatory institution denies the request.
Step S16: the system distributes and issues blockchain accounts for new institutions agreed by the regulatory authorities to assist the authorities in completing their own blockchain public key address verification. The system sends a rejection notice for new authorities who reject or less than 2/3 of the voting community's consent.
Step S17: the new organization saves the public and private keys of the user's own blockchain, and the process ends.
Fig. 3A and 3B illustrate the flow of a new organization applying to become a licensed chain node. Referring to fig. 3A and 3B, the following is a detailed description of the node admission flow steps of the new organization.
Step S21: the new organization submits the organization information and the node resource information of the new organization and sends the request of node joining.
Step S22: the request is submitted via a smart contract to the node in the existing license chain that is actually running.
Step S23: the existing license chain operation node receives the organization information and the node resource information distributed by the intelligent contract and makes agreements or disagreements reply in a given time.
Step S24: the intelligent contract gathers online node reply data, giving a pass or fail decision.
Step S25: and sending the node certificate for the request of the intelligent contract determined to pass, and interactively verifying the node certificate and the synchronous node data.
Step S26: for requests for which the smart contract decides not to pass, a rejection notification is sent.
The node joining and transaction authority application based on the permission chain realizes market self-organization and autonomous management based on intelligent contracts and under the guidance of the monitoring mechanism, can effectively improve the admission and admission efficiency of the market and the system, realizes traceability, auditability and non-falsification of all records, and improves the transparency of the market.
Fig. 4A and 4B illustrate the flow of a license chain based bond transaction and clearing. Referring to fig. 4A and 4B, the following is a detailed description of the various implementation steps of the bond transaction and clearing process.
Step S301: the transaction party initiates a new bond transaction intent that is first submitted to the smart contract on the licensing chain.
Step S302: the intelligent contract verifies the assets or bonds of the sponsor, including the conditions of available balances, risk exposure, and the like. If the verification coupon passes, entering the next step; if the verification coupon does not pass, ending the process.
Step S303: the transaction intent is registered in the blockchain.
Step S304: and publishing the transaction intention through a large quotation screen, and pushing the transaction intention to the whole network.
Step S305: and the transaction opponent receives the quotation information related to the transaction intention through the quotation large screen.
Step S306: the transaction opponent pre-locks the transaction intention by clicking the transaction.
Step S307: the intelligent contract initiates verification of the assets of the counter-party, including the conditions of available balances, risk exposure and the like. If the verification is passed, entering the next step; otherwise, the flow is ended.
Step S308: the counter-party of the transaction enters a contract signing page to finish the printing of the organization.
Step S309: the transaction intention initiator receives the contract which is signed by the transaction counter party and is to be signed by the own party, and the mechanism is finished with the seal.
Step S310: detecting the seal of the intelligent contract, judging whether both transaction sides finish the mechanism seal, if so, entering the next step; otherwise, the flow is ended.
Step S311: and the intelligent contract sends a security deposit payment dealing instruction according to the agreed transaction confirmation, and the assets and bonds of the two transaction parties are transferred.
Step S312: updating the transaction information, and ending the flow.
From the above flow steps, it can be seen that the smart contract makes a total of 4 automated decisions and operations throughout the transaction. The first time: when a transaction party submits a new transaction intent application, it is validated and coupon verified. Second time: and clicking the transaction opponent to deal, and checking the transaction opponent to check the ticket when the issued transaction intention is locked. Third time: after the two parties complete the signing of the transaction confirmation, the same elements are checked. Fourth time: at the completion of the transaction, the transfer of bonds and full funds is supervised by the smart contract. Through operations such as automatic execution and uplink of the intelligent contract, the online completion of the transaction by both transaction parties is supported, the transaction risk is reduced, the signing efficiency is improved, and the whole process is stored.
Fig. 5 illustrates a license chain based administration and risk scenario in the system of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the system of the present invention can make systematic trace on the risk dynamic monitoring of the financial institution by using the certification characteristic of the license chain, so as to ensure the completeness and non-falsification of the dynamic monitoring log (such as institution information, bond information, fund information, transaction information, etc.). Wherein, the transaction mechanism can only see the information of the transaction mechanism and the information of the transaction recording mechanism; regulatory authorities can penetrate through market-wide agency information, bond information, funds information, transaction information, and the like. The record has credibility and usability by utilizing the characteristics of non-falsification, permanent effectiveness and traceability of the license chain, and is convenient for supervision and audit.
By utilizing the characteristics of automatic matching of intelligent contracts and the like, a transaction mechanism can set a risk control threshold on the intelligent contracts, real-time monitoring and prevention are carried out on risk exposure of transaction opponents, and rapid alarming and rapid action taking are carried out when transaction risks occur. Market blacklist data and dishonest behaviors can be shared among transaction institutions, and frightening is formed for the default institutions. Meanwhile, the supervision authorities can also utilize the high-quality data provided by the blockchain data to improve risk analysis and prediction capability, and when the risk reaches a preset value, the intelligent contracts automatically limit and punish the transaction behaviors of certain market institutions, so that the risk is resolved at the first time.
In addition, the invention also discloses a method for clearing the off-site bond transaction based on the license chain, the transaction and clearing flow is shown in fig. 4A and 4B, and the corresponding embodiments are described in detail in the system embodiments and are not repeated here.
In addition, the method of the present invention may include, in addition to the transaction and clearing processes, processes for the application of transaction rights to the system by the new member institution (as shown in fig. 2A and 2B) and node admission processes to the new institution (as shown in fig. 3A and 3B). Embodiments of these two processes are also described in detail in the foregoing system embodiments, and are not described herein.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the methodologies are shown and described as a series of acts, it is to be understood and appreciated that the methodologies are not limited by the order of acts, as some acts may, in accordance with one or more embodiments, occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts from that shown and described herein or not shown and described herein, as would be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
In one or more exemplary embodiments, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software as a computer program product, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a web site, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk (disk) and disc (disk) as used herein include Compact Disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital Versatile Disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks (disk) usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs (disk) reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. An off-site bond transaction clearing system based on a license chain is characterized by comprising an application layer subsystem, a system interface subsystem, a business service layer subsystem and a license chain service subsystem, wherein the application layer subsystem interacts with the business service layer subsystem through an application program interface in the system interface subsystem provided by a blockchain middleware, and the system interface subsystem comprises a block chain interface module, a block chain module and a service module, wherein the block chain module comprises a block chain interface module, a block chain module and a block chain module, wherein the block chain interface module comprises a block chain module, and the block chain module comprises a block chain module and a data processing module, and the block chain module comprises the block chain module and a data processing module, and the data processing module comprises the block chain module and a data processing module, and a control module and:
an application layer subsystem for management including, but not limited to, funds management, bond management, and account management, responsive to instructions of the business service layer subsystem including, but not limited to, funds transfer, bond scheduling, verifying the validity of the instructions and providing billing services for the funds and bonds to the customer;
the business service layer subsystem is configured to realize the following four services, namely: a first aspect for providing system access including but not limited to login services, customer registration, auditing and authentication and login, a second aspect for providing services including but not limited to online subscription services, contract templates, seal signing, contract querying and contract archiving, and a third aspect for core transaction services, providing services including but not limited to bond intention quotes, intention click achievements, bond real-time quotations, check verification bonds, bond transaction validation and bond payoff; a fourth aspect for a pneumatic control and compliance service providing risk calculation, compliance reporting and emergency disposal services;
the license chain service subsystem comprises a platform layer and a base layer, wherein the platform layer provides intelligent contract service, and the base layer provides license chain account service, uplink service and consensus service;
wherein the business service layer subsystem further comprises:
the login service module is used for managing system access including registration, auditing, authentication and login;
the core transaction service module is used for managing order initiation, quotation, transaction and clearing services including bond intention quotation, intention click bargain, bond real-time quotation, check and check, bond transaction confirmation and bond dealing;
the online signing service module is used for managing contract management services including contract templates, seal signing, contract inquiry and contract archiving;
the wind control and compliance service module is used for configuring according to the supervision suitability matching rule, realizing automatic risk calculation and automatic supervision rule matching, and forming an active supervision mechanism;
wherein, the system configures the bond transaction and clearing flow as follows:
the sponsor of the transaction initiates a new bond transaction intent that is first submitted to the intelligent contract on the licensing chain;
verifying the assets or bonds of the initiator by the intelligent contract, if the verification coupon passes, entering the next step, and if the verification coupon does not pass, ending the flow;
registering the transaction intent into a blockchain;
publishing and pushing the transaction intent;
the transaction counter-party receives market information about transaction intent;
the transaction opponent pre-locks the transaction intention;
the intelligent contract initiates verification of the assets of the transaction counter-party, if the verification is passed, the next step is carried out, and if the verification is not passed, the process is ended;
the transaction counter-party enters a contract signing page to finish the printing of the mechanism;
the transaction initiator receives the contract signed by the transaction counter party and to be signed by the own party, and completes the printing of the mechanism;
the intelligent contract carries out seal detection, judges whether both transaction sides complete mechanism seal, if yes, enters the next step, otherwise, ends the flow;
the intelligent contract sends a security deposit dealing instruction according to the agreed transaction confirmation, and the assets and bonds of both transaction sides are transferred;
the transaction information is updated after the transaction is completed.
2. The license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of claim 1, wherein the application layer subsystem further comprises:
a funds system module for interfacing with funds accounts of external financial institutions including banks for responding to and verifying funds manipulation actions including, but not limited to, funds transfer instructions, funds inquiry instructions;
a bond system module for interfacing with a bond operations comprising, but not limited to, a central bond registration settlement limit liability company and a Shanghai clearinghouse for responding to bond operations comprising, but not limited to, bond transfer instructions, bond inquiry instructions;
the billing system module is used for receiving and displaying the transaction details, the available funds amount and the available bonds amount of the institution and providing a reconciliation service;
and the account system module is used for maintaining and verifying the one-to-one correspondence among external fund accounts, external bond accounts, off-site bond transaction clearing accounts and system blockchain accounts which are opened by the institutions in each system.
3. The license chain based off-site bond transaction clearing system of claim 1, wherein the license chain service subsystem implements intelligent contract services for automated bond transaction verification, contract printing and security payment status detection to determine the status and flow of subsequent bonds and funds, the license chain account services for building an inter-institution self-organizing, equal voting rights market alliance network, the up-chain services for writing and retrieving data into the blockchain network including, but not limited to, contracts, wind-controlled reports and compliance reports, ensuring that they are not tamperable, non-repudiation, and consensus services for synchronizing data and status of nodes in the network, preventing institutions or nodes from disuse.
4. The chain of permissions-based off-site bond transaction clearing system of claim 1, wherein the institutions acting as the originating nodes form a system initial network, the institutions are divided into transaction institutions, voting institutions and regulatory institutions, the admission or admission of new member institutions requires voting by the voting institutions in the chain of permissions, and the regulatory institutions are given a vote overrule, and the flow of the application of transaction rights by the new member institutions configured by the system to join the system is as follows:
submitting registration data by a new institution, and applying for a request for opening the platform transaction permission;
the request is submitted to voting institutions of the market alliance via intelligent contracts;
the voting mechanism checks the registration information distributed by the intelligent contract, and votes the opinion on the request, and the votes pass the audit of the supervision mechanism; if the vote is not passed, the system refuses the application of the new mechanism;
the supervision organization receives the audit request, processes the audit request, grants the transaction permission if the new organization does not enter the transaction limited observation list, and refuses the request if the new organization enters the transaction limited observation list;
the system distributes and issues blockchain accounts for new institutions agreed by the supervision institutions to assist the new institutions to finish the verification of the blockchain public key addresses of the new institutions;
the new organization keeps the user's own blockchain public and private keys.
5. The chain of permissions-based off-site bond transaction clearing system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured with a node admission flow to a new institution as follows:
submitting self mechanism information and node resource information by a new mechanism, and sending a node joining request;
the request is submitted to an operating node in an existing license chain via a smart contract;
the existing license chain operation node receives the mechanism information and the node resource information distributed by the intelligent contract and makes agreements or disagreement replies in a given time;
the intelligent contract collects replies of the online nodes and gives a pass or fail decision;
and sending a node certificate and interactively verifying the node certificate and the synchronous node data for the request of which the intelligent contract is determined to pass, and sending a refusal notification for the request of which the intelligent contract is determined to not pass.
6. A method of clearing an off-site bond transaction based on a chain of permissions, the method operating in an off-site bond transaction clearing system based on a chain of permissions as claimed in claim 1, the method comprising the following bond transaction and clearing processes:
the initiator of the transaction initiates a new transaction intent that is first submitted to the intelligent contract on the licensing chain;
verifying the assets or bonds of the initiator by the intelligent contract, if the verification coupon passes, entering the next step, and if the verification coupon does not pass, ending the flow;
registering the transaction intent into a blockchain;
publishing and pushing the transaction intent;
the transaction counter-party receives market information about transaction intent;
the transaction opponent pre-locks the transaction intention;
the intelligent contract initiates verification of the assets of the transaction counter-party, if the verification is passed, the next step is carried out, and if the verification is not passed, the process is ended;
the transaction counter-party enters a contract signing page to finish the printing of the mechanism;
the transaction initiator receives the contract signed by the transaction counter party and to be signed by the own party, and completes the printing of the mechanism;
the intelligent contract carries out seal detection, judges whether both transaction sides complete mechanism seal, if yes, enters the next step, otherwise, ends the flow;
the intelligent contract sends a security deposit dealing instruction according to the agreed transaction confirmation, and the assets and bonds of both transaction sides are transferred;
the transaction information is updated after the transaction is completed.
7. The chain of permissions-based off-site bond transaction clearing method of claim 6, further comprising a transaction rights application flow for a new member institution to join the off-site bond transaction clearing system:
submitting registration data by a new institution, and applying for a request for opening the platform transaction permission;
the request is submitted to voting institutions of the market alliance via intelligent contracts;
the voting mechanism checks the registration information distributed by the intelligent contract, and votes the opinion on the request, and the votes pass the audit of the supervision mechanism; if the vote is not passed, the system refuses the application of the new mechanism;
the supervision organization receives the audit request, processes the audit request, grants the transaction permission if the new organization does not enter the transaction limited observation list, and refuses the request if the new organization enters the transaction limited observation list;
the system distributes and issues blockchain accounts for new institutions agreed by the supervision institutions to assist the new institutions to finish the verification of the blockchain public key addresses of the new institutions;
the new organization keeps the user's own blockchain public and private keys.
8. The chain of permissions-based off-site bond transaction clearing method of claim 6, further comprising a node admission flow for a new institution:
submitting self mechanism information and node resource information by a new mechanism, and sending a node joining request;
the request is submitted to an operating node in an existing license chain via a smart contract;
the existing license chain operation node receives the mechanism information and the node resource information distributed by the intelligent contract and makes agreements or disagreement replies in a given time;
the intelligent contract collects replies of the online nodes and gives a pass or fail decision;
and sending a node certificate and interactively verifying the node certificate and the synchronous node data for the request of which the intelligent contract is determined to pass, and sending a refusal notification for the request of which the intelligent contract is determined to not pass.
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