CN110398431B - Soil resistance measuring device - Google Patents
Soil resistance measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110398431B CN110398431B CN201910705724.9A CN201910705724A CN110398431B CN 110398431 B CN110398431 B CN 110398431B CN 201910705724 A CN201910705724 A CN 201910705724A CN 110398431 B CN110398431 B CN 110398431B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010496 root system development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008117 seed development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0076—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0617—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
- G01N2203/0623—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means using piezoelectric gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0617—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
- G01N2203/0629—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means using thin films, paintings
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a soil resistance measuring device, which belongs to the technical field of intelligent agricultural equipment detection, and combines the advantages of an electric control technology and a mechanical optimization design, and designs a compactness measuring device with a spiral dragon shape by utilizing the self characteristics of a PVDF piezoelectric film. The defects that the existing testing device is easy to enter dust, has large loss on parts and the like are overcome; the invention has simple operation, can effectively measure the quantity firmness of soil, is suitable for different types of soil, and has wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent agricultural equipment detection, and particularly relates to a soil resistance measuring device.
Background
In recent years, mechanization has become popular throughout the world, but with the large-scale and frequent use of various large-scale modern agricultural field machinery. The problem of soil compaction is becoming more and more serious in both developed and developing countries. Soil compaction is closely related to crop yield, germination and soil breaking rate of seeds and root system development condition of plants, and meanwhile, the migration process of soil moisture is directly influenced.
The consequence of soil compaction is a significant change in surface soil porosity resulting in reduced soil permeability, reduced surface water penetration and a relative increase in runoff. For quantitative description of soil firmness, cone index is generally adopted internationally, and is defined as the soil resistance to which a cone is subjected per unit bottom area on a cone head in the process of penetrating into soil. The structural design and operation of the soil firmness measuring device have respective specifications in Europe and the United states, and the soil firmness measuring standard recommended by the American society of agricultural engineers is widely used at present. The standard mainly describes a cone head structure for measuring the soil firmness of the fixed-point vertical section, and the handheld soil firmness meter has the advantages of convenience in carrying, capability of measuring the firmness of the corresponding small-scale land at any time and any place, low carrying cost, quick test and the like under the farmland scale.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil resistance measuring device capable of accurately and timely measuring the firmness in a certain area.
The invention is made up of measuring mechanism A, affiliated mechanism B, drive mechanism C and signal processing and display mechanism D, wherein the piezoelectric ball 28, PVDF piezoelectric film 29 and support 31 of the measuring mechanism A are located in groove IV 33 of affiliated mechanism B, piezoelectric sensor 16 that piezoelectric ball 28, PVDF piezoelectric film 29 and support 31 make up in measuring mechanism A are connected with signal processing circuit 17, A/D converting circuit 18, microcontroller 19, display module 20, power module 21, positioning module 34, memory module 35 in the signal processing and display mechanism D through the wire, thus realize the conversion of the electrical signal to the digital signal, utilize the spiral design to superpose the electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to every module, improve the measuring accuracy of the apparatus; the signal processing circuit 17, the A/D conversion circuit 18, the microcontroller 19 and the power module 21 in the signal processing and display mechanism D are arranged in the groove I10 of the accessory mechanism B, so that the maintenance of a user is facilitated; the display module 20 is arranged on the upper surface of the housing II 7 of the accessory mechanism B, so that a user can observe the resistance of the soil to be measured; the display module 20 is mounted on the upper surface of the housing II 7 of the attachment B, so that a user can observe the resistance of the soil to be measured.
The probe 13 of the transmission mechanism C is arranged in the protective shell I1, the housing I4 and the spring 3 of the accessory mechanism B, and the outer ring of the probe 13 is contacted with the inner rings of the protective shell I1, the housing I4 and the spring 3 to protect the probe 13 and accurately reset; the inner cylinder 12 of the transmission mechanism C is positioned in the groove I10 of the shell 5 in the accessory mechanism B and is attached to the inner surface of the shell 5, and the contact between the inner cylinder 12 and the groove I10 ensures that the inner cylinder 12 can move according to a preset track without lateral movement; the rotating shaft 25 in the transmission mechanism C is fixedly connected with the guide rail groove 24 in the accessory mechanism B, and the functions of fixing gears and facilitating replacement of the gears are achieved, so that the adaptability of the device is improved.
The measuring mechanism A consists of a piezoelectric small ball 28, a PVDF piezoelectric film 29, a groove III 30 and a supporting frame 31, wherein the PVDF piezoelectric film 29 is attached to the upper surface of the supporting frame 31, and the groove III 30 for fixing the position of the piezoelectric small ball 28 is arranged on the lower surface of the supporting frame 31, so that the piezoelectric small ball 28 is fixed; the PVDF piezoelectric film 29 is spirally attached to the supporting frame 31, so that the electric signals generated by the piezoelectric pellets 28 can be conveniently overlapped, and the accuracy of the measuring device is improved.
The accessory mechanism B consists of a fixed guide rail groove component IE 1, a fixed guide rail groove component IIE 2, a fixed guide rail groove component IIIE 3, a protective shell I1, a protective shell II 2, a spring 3, a shell I4, a shell 5, a handle pair 6, a shell II 7, a groove I10, a groove II 23, a bionic convex structure 27 and a groove IV 33, wherein the fixed guide rail groove component IE 1, the fixed guide rail groove component IIE 2 and the fixed guide rail groove component IIIE 3 are identical in structure and are composed of a guide rail groove 24, a rotary shaft 25 and a hole 32, the guide rail groove 24 is positioned in the shell II 7, the rotary shaft 25 is hinged with the guide rail groove 24, and the hole 32 is positioned at the top of the guide rail groove 24; the fixed guide rail groove components IE 1, IIE 2 and IIIE 3 are distributed at 120 degrees around the central axis of the housing II 7; the upper end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the housing I4, the lower end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the protective housing I1, and the functions of protecting the probe 13 and quickly and accurately resetting the device are achieved.
The inner ring at the upper end of the protective shell II 2 is fixedly connected with the outer ring at the lower end of the housing I4, and the inner ring at the lower part of the protective shell II 2 is slidably connected with the outer ring at the upper part of the protective shell I1, so that the effect of protecting the spring 3 is achieved; the housing I4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shell 5 through a bolt group II 26, and the housing II 7 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shell 5 through a bolt group I15; two handles of the handle pair 6 are fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the near upper end of the shell 5, the upper part of the handle is covered with a rubber film with the thickness of 1.4mm, so that the force application of a user is facilitated, and the lower part is designed to simulate the stressed shape of the palm of a human body, so that the force application habit of the palm of the human body is more met; the groove IV 33 is a groove inside the shell 5.
The lower part of the protective housing I1 is contacted with the ground, the surface of the protective housing I1 is a pointed bionic convex structure 27, and the longitudinal section segmentation equation of a single shape is as follows:
y＝x 2 ，-3mm≤x≤3mm。
the transmission mechanism C consists of a gear rack component IC 1, a gear rack component IC 2, a gear rack component IC 3, an inner cylinder 12, a probe 13, a gasket 14 and a rotating shaft 25, wherein the gear rack component IC 1, the gear rack component IC 2 and the gear rack component IC 3 are completely identical in structure and consist of a gear I8, a gear I9, a gear II 11 and a gear II 22, the gear I8 and the gear II 22 are welded into a whole, are fixed in a guide rail groove 24 and rotate through the rotating shaft 25, the gear I8 is meshed with the gear I9, the gear II 11 is meshed with the gear II 22, and the bottom of the gear I9 is fixedly connected with the gasket 14; the rack I9 is provided with a toothed side which is meshed with the gear I8, the rack II 11 is provided with a toothed side which is meshed with the gear II 22, and the non-toothed sides of the rack I9 and the rack II 11 are contacted with the guide rail groove 24; the gear and rack assembly IC 1, the gear and rack assembly IIC 2 and the gear and rack assembly IIIC 3 are arranged at the upper end of the inner cylinder 12 at intervals of 120 degrees, wherein one side of the bottoms of the gear and rack assembly IC 1, the gear and rack assembly IIC 2 and the gear and rack assembly IIIC 3 is fixedly connected with the gasket 14 through a rack I9, and the other side of the bottoms of the gear and rack assembly IC 2 and the gear and rack assembly IIIC 3 is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder 12 through a rack II 11; the upper part of the probe 13 is connected with the center of the lower end of the inner cylinder 12 through threads.
The signal processing and displaying mechanism D consists of a piezoelectric sensor 16, a signal processing circuit 17, an A/D conversion circuit 18, a microcontroller 19, a display module 20, a power module 21, a positioning module 34 and a storage module 35, wherein the signal processing circuit 17, the A/D conversion circuit 18, the microcontroller 19, the display module 20 and the positioning module 34 are connected with the power module 21 through wires, charges generated by the piezoelectric sensor 16 are converted into voltage signals, the voltage signals are amplified through a voltage amplifying circuit, the voltage values are converted into digital signals by the A/D conversion circuit 18 and are transmitted to the MCU microcontroller 19, and the digital signals are displayed on an LCD display screen through the display module 20, so that the user can conveniently read in real time.
The cross section of the inner cylinder 12 is a regular curve formed by four sections of the same curves, one section of curve ab of the cross section is placed in an XOY coordinate system, an axis intersecting the longitudinal section of the inner cylinder 12 is taken as an X axis, the circle center of the outer circle of the shell 5 is taken as an O point, the Y axis is emitted from the O point and is perpendicular to the X axis, and a curve equation of one section of curve ab of the cross section of the inner cylinder 12 in the XOY coordinate system is as follows:
y＝0.28602+2.44956x-0.0673x 2
wherein: x is [0,37] in mm.
The cross-section curve of the inner cylinder 12 can play a role in fixing the movement position of the inner cylinder 12 and facilitating lubrication so as to prolong the service life of the device.
The invention combines the advantages of an electric control technology and a mechanical optimization design, designs the compactness measuring device with the spiral dragon shape through the self characteristics of the PVDF piezoelectric film, the spiral structure of the compactness measuring device is positioned in the groove IV 33 of the shell 5, the PVDF piezoelectric film is subjected to force from soil through gear transmission, the PVDF piezoelectric film is subjected to extrusion action, and the generated electric signals are superimposed to generate electric signals due to the characteristics of the spiral dragon, and the electric signals are transmitted to the LCD color screen of the display device through the corresponding conversion circuit, so that the design not only can ensure good tightness of the measuring device, but also can obviously improve the service life of the testing device. The device can solve the defects that the existing testing device is easy to enter dust, has large loss to parts and the like.
According to the invention, the conductive characteristic of the PVDF piezoelectric film is utilized, multiple layers of the PVDF piezoelectric film are overlapped through the characteristic of the spiral dragon, the PVDF piezoelectric film generates current, and the electric signal is processed and transmitted, so that the soil quantity firmness can be effectively measured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a soil resistance measuring device
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of measuring mechanism A
FIG. 3 is an external view of the measuring mechanism A
Fig. 4 is an isometric view of measuring mechanism a
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the position distribution of the rack and pinion assemblies C1, C2, C3
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the portion C1 of FIG. 5
Fig. 7 is a bottom view of measuring mechanism a
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the interior of the housing II 7
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the fixed rail guide way groove part IIIE 3 of FIG. 8
Fig. 10 is an isometric view of the housing 5
Fig. 11 is a plan view of the housing 5
Fig. 12 is a bottom view of the housing 5
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the view indicated by e in FIG. 2
FIG. 14 is a partial enlarged view of a portion of the structure of the measuring mechanism A
FIG. 15 is a sectional view of an inner cylinder curve
FIG. 16 is a graph of the XOY coordinate system of an inner barrel cross section ab segment
Wherein: A. a measuring mechanism B, an accessory mechanism C, a transmission mechanism D, a signal and display mechanism C1, a rack and pinion assembly I C2., a rack and pinion assembly II C3., a rack and pinion assembly III 1, a fixed rail groove assembly I2, a fixed rail groove assembly II E3., a fixed rail groove assembly III 1, a protective housing I2, a protective housing II 3, a spring 4, a housing I5, a housing 6, a handle pair 7, a housing II 8, a gear I9, a rack I10, a groove I11, a rack II 12, an inner barrel 13, a probe 14, a spacer 15, a bolt group I16, a piezoelectric sensor 17, a signal processing circuit 18, an A/D conversion circuit 19, a display module 21, a power module 22, a gear II 23, a groove II 24, a rail groove 25, a rotary shaft 26, a group II 27, a bionic convex structure 28, a piezoelectric ball 29, a PVDF piezoelectric film 30, a groove III 31, a support frame 32, a hole 33, and a groove IV
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention is composed of a measuring mechanism a, an accessory mechanism B, a transmission mechanism C and a signal processing and displaying mechanism D, wherein a piezoelectric small ball 28, a PVDF piezoelectric film 29 and a supporting frame 31 of the measuring mechanism a are positioned in a groove iv 33 of the accessory mechanism B, and a piezoelectric sensor 16 composed of the piezoelectric small ball 28, the PVDF piezoelectric film 29 and the supporting frame 31 in the measuring mechanism a is connected with a signal processing circuit 17, an a/D conversion circuit 18, a microcontroller 19, a display module 20, a power module 21, a positioning module 34 and a storage module 35 in the signal processing and displaying mechanism D through wires, so that the conversion from an electric signal to a digital signal is realized; the signal processing circuit 17, the A/D conversion circuit 18, the microcontroller 19 and the power module 21 in the signal processing and display mechanism D are arranged in the groove I10 of the accessory mechanism B, and the display module 20 is arranged on the upper surface of the housing II 7 of the accessory mechanism B; the probe 13 of the transmission mechanism C is arranged in the protective shell I1, the housing I4 and the spring 3 of the accessory mechanism B, and the outer ring of the probe 13 is contacted with the inner rings of the protective shell I1, the housing I4 and the spring 3; the inner cylinder 12 of the transmission mechanism C is positioned in a groove I10 of the shell 5 in the accessory mechanism B and is attached to the inner surface of the shell 5; the rotating shaft 25 in the transmission mechanism C is fixedly connected with the guide rail groove 24 in the accessory mechanism B.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4 and fig. 7 to 16, the measuring mechanism a is composed of a piezoelectric pellet 28, a PVDF piezoelectric film 29, a groove iii 30, and a supporting frame 31, wherein the PVDF piezoelectric film 29 is attached to the upper surface of the supporting frame 31, and the groove iii 30 for fixing the position of the piezoelectric pellet 28 is provided on the lower surface of the supporting frame 31; the PVDF piezoelectric film 29 is spirally attached to the support frame 31.
The accessory mechanism B consists of a fixed guide rail groove component IE 1, a fixed guide rail groove component IIE 2, a fixed guide rail groove component IIIE 3, a protective shell I1, a protective shell II 2, a spring 3, a shell I4, a shell 5, a handle pair 6, a shell II 7, a groove I10, a groove II 23, a bionic convex structure 27 and a groove IV 33, wherein the fixed guide rail groove component IE 1, the fixed guide rail groove component IIE 2 and the fixed guide rail groove component IIIE 3 are identical in structure and are composed of a guide rail groove 24, a rotary shaft 25 and a hole 32, the guide rail groove 24 is positioned in the shell II 7, the rotary shaft 25 is hinged with the guide rail groove 24, and the hole 32 is positioned at the top of the guide rail groove 24; the fixed guide rail groove components IE 1, IIE 2 and IIIE 3 are distributed at 120 degrees around the central axis of the housing II 7; the upper end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the housing I4, and the lower end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the protective housing I1; an inner ring at the upper end of the protective shell II 2 is fixedly connected with an outer ring at the lower end of the housing I4, and an inner ring at the lower part of the protective shell II 2 is in sliding connection with an outer ring at the upper part of the protective shell I1; the housing I4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shell 5 through a bolt group II 26, and the housing II 7 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shell 5 through a bolt group I15; two handles of the handle pair 6 are fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the near upper end of the shell 5; the groove IV 33 is a groove inside the shell 5.
The lower part of the protective housing I1 is contacted with the ground, the surface of the protective housing I1 is a pointed bionic convex structure 27, and the longitudinal section segmentation equation of a single shape is as follows:
y＝x 2 ，-3mm≤x≤3mm。
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the transmission mechanism C is composed of a rack and pinion assembly ic 1, a rack and pinion assembly ii C2, a rack and pinion assembly iii C3, an inner cylinder 12, a probe 13 and a gasket 14, wherein the rack and pinion assembly ic 1, the rack and pinion assembly ii C2 and the rack and pinion assembly iii C3 have the same structure and are composed of a gear i 8, a rack i 9, a rack ii 11 and a gear ii 22, the gear i 8 and the gear ii 22 are welded into a whole, are fixed in a guide rail groove 24 and rotate through a revolving shaft 25, the gear i 8 is meshed with the rack i 9, the rack ii 11 is meshed with the gear ii 22, and the bottom of the rack i 9 is fixedly connected with the gasket 14; the rack I9 is provided with a toothed side which is meshed with the gear I8, the rack II 11 is provided with a toothed side which is meshed with the gear II 22, and the non-toothed sides of the rack I9 and the rack II 11 are contacted with the guide rail groove 24; the gear and rack assembly IC 1, the gear and rack assembly IIC 2 and the gear and rack assembly IIIC 3 are arranged at the upper end of the inner cylinder 12 at intervals of 120 degrees, wherein one side of the bottoms of the gear and rack assembly IC 1, the gear and rack assembly IIC 2 and the gear and rack assembly IIIC 3 is fixedly connected with the gasket 14 through a rack I9, and the other side of the bottoms of the gear and rack assembly IC 2 and the gear and rack assembly IIIC 3 is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder 12 through a rack II 11; the upper part of the probe 13 is connected with the center of the lower end of the inner cylinder 12 through threads.
As shown in fig. 1, the signal processing and displaying mechanism D is composed of a piezoelectric sensor 16, a signal processing circuit 17, an a/D conversion circuit 18, a microcontroller 19, a display module 20, a power module 21, a positioning module 34, and a storage module 35, wherein the signal processing circuit 17, the a/D conversion circuit 18, the microcontroller 19, the display module 20, the positioning module 34, and the storage module 35 are connected with the power module 21 through wires.
The cross section of the inner cylinder 12 is a regular curve formed by four sections of the same curves, one section of curve ab of the cross section is placed in an XOY coordinate system, an axis intersecting the longitudinal section of the inner cylinder 12 is taken as an X axis, the circle center of the outer circle of the shell 5 is taken as an O point, the Y axis is emitted from the O point and is perpendicular to the X axis, and a curve equation of one section of curve ab of the cross section of the inner cylinder 12 in the XOY coordinate system is as follows:
y＝0.28602+2.45256x-0.0673x 2
wherein: x is [0,37] in mm.
Claims (7)
1. The soil resistance measuring device is characterized by comprising a measuring mechanism (A), an accessory mechanism (B), a transmission mechanism (C) and a signal processing and displaying mechanism (D), wherein a piezoelectric small ball (28), a PVDF piezoelectric film (29) and a supporting frame (31) of the measuring mechanism (A) are positioned in a groove IV (33) of the accessory mechanism (B), and a piezoelectric sensor (16) formed by the piezoelectric small ball (28), the PVDF piezoelectric film (29) and the supporting frame (31) of the measuring mechanism (A) is connected with a signal processing circuit (17), an A/D conversion circuit (18), a microcontroller (19), a display module (20), a power module (21), a positioning module (34) and a storage module (35) in the signal processing and displaying mechanism (D) through wires, so that conversion from an electric signal to a digital signal is realized; the signal processing circuit (17), the A/D conversion circuit (18), the microcontroller (19) and the power module (21) in the signal processing and display mechanism (D) are arranged in the groove I (10) of the accessory mechanism (B), and the display module (20) is arranged on the upper surface of the housing II (7) of the accessory mechanism (B); the probe (13) of the transmission mechanism (C) is arranged in the protective shell I (1), the housing I (4) and the spring (3) of the accessory mechanism (B), and the outer ring of the probe (13) is contacted with the inner rings of the protective shell I (1), the housing I (4) and the spring (3); the inner cylinder (12) of the transmission mechanism (C) is positioned in the groove I (10) of the shell (5) in the accessory mechanism (B) and is attached to the inner surface of the shell (5); the rotating shaft (25) in the transmission mechanism (C) is fixedly connected with the guide rail groove (24) in the accessory mechanism (B).
2. The soil resistance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring mechanism (a) comprises a piezoelectric pellet (28), a PVDF piezoelectric film (29), a groove iii (30) and a supporting frame (31), wherein the PVDF piezoelectric film (29) is attached to the upper surface of the supporting frame (31), and the groove iii (30) for fixing the position of the piezoelectric pellet (28) is arranged on the lower surface of the supporting frame (31); the PVDF piezoelectric film (29) is spirally attached to the support frame (31).
3. The soil resistance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the attachment mechanism (B) is composed of a fixed guide rail groove assembly i (E1), a fixed guide rail groove assembly ii (E2), a fixed guide rail groove assembly iii (E3), a protective shell i (1), a protective shell ii (2), a spring (3), a shell i (4), a shell (5), a handle pair (6), a shell ii (7), a groove i (10), a groove ii (23), a bionic protruding structure (27) and a groove iv (33), wherein the fixed guide rail groove assembly i (E1), the fixed guide rail groove assembly ii (E2) and the fixed guide rail groove assembly iii (E3) are identical in structure and are composed of a guide rail groove (24), a rotating shaft (25) and a hole (32), the guide rail groove (24) is located inside the shell ii (7), the rotating shaft (25) is hinged with the guide rail groove (24), and the hole (32) is located at the top of the guide rail groove (24); the fixed guide rail groove components I (E1), the fixed guide rail groove components II (E2) and the fixed guide rail groove components III (E3) are distributed at 120 degrees around the central axis of the housing II (7); the upper end of the spring (3) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the housing I (4), and the lower end of the spring (3) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the protective housing I (1); an inner ring at the upper end of the protective shell II (2) is fixedly connected with an outer ring at the lower end of the housing I (4), and an inner ring at the lower part of the protective shell II (2) is in sliding connection with an outer ring at the upper part of the protective shell I (1); the housing I (4) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shell (5) through the bolt group II (26), and the housing II (7) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shell (5) through the bolt group I (15); two handles of the handle pair (6) are fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the near upper end of the shell (5); the groove IV (33) is a groove in the shell (5).
4. A soil resistance measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the lower part of the protective shell i (1) is in contact with the ground, the surface of the protective shell i is a pointed bionic convex structure (27), and the longitudinal section segmentation equation of the single shape is as follows:
y＝x 2 ，-3mm≤x≤3mm。
5. the soil resistance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism (C) consists of a gear rack assembly I (C1), a gear rack assembly II (C2), a gear rack assembly III (C3), an inner cylinder (12), a probe (13) and a gasket (14), wherein the gear rack assembly I (C1), the gear rack assembly II (C2) and the gear rack assembly III (C3) are completely identical in structure and consist of a gear I (8), a gear rack I (9), a gear rack II (11) and a gear II (22), the gear I (8) and the gear II (22) are welded into a whole, are fixed in a guide rail groove (24) and rotate through a rotary shaft (25), and the bottom of the gear rack I (9) is fixedly connected with the gasket (14); the rack I (9) is provided with a toothed side which is meshed with the gear I (8), the rack II (11) is provided with a toothed side which is meshed with the gear II (22), and the non-toothed sides of the rack I (9) and the rack II (11) are contacted with the guide rail groove (24); the gear rack assembly I (C1), the gear rack assembly II (C2) and the gear rack assembly III (C3) are arranged at the upper end of the inner cylinder (12) at intervals of 120 degrees, wherein one side of the bottoms of the gear rack assembly I (C1), the gear rack assembly II (C2) and the gear rack assembly III (C3) is fixedly connected with the gasket (14) through the rack I (9), and the other side of the bottoms of the gear rack assembly I, the gear rack assembly II (C2) and the gear rack assembly III (C3) is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder (12) through the rack II (11); the upper part of the probe (13) is connected with the center of the lower end of the inner cylinder (12) through threads.
6. The soil resistance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing and displaying means (D) is composed of a piezoelectric sensor (16), a signal processing circuit (17), an a/D conversion circuit (18), a microcontroller (19), a display module (20), a power module (21), a positioning module (34), and a memory module (35), wherein the signal processing circuit (17), the a/D conversion circuit (18), the microcontroller (19), the display module (20), the positioning module (34), and the memory module (35) are connected with the power module (21) via wires.
7. The soil resistance measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the cross section of said inner cylinder (12) is a regular curve composed of four identical curves, one of the curves ab of the cross section is placed in an XOY coordinate system, the axis of intersection of the inner cylinder (12) and the longitudinal section is taken as the X axis, the center of the outer circle of the housing (5) is taken as the O point, the Y axis is emitted from the O point and is perpendicular to the X axis, and the equation of the curve ab of the cross section of the inner cylinder (12) in the XOY coordinate system is:
y＝0.28602+2.44956x-0.0673x 2
wherein: x is [0,37] in mm.
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