CN210037578U - Portable measuring device for soil organic matter content - Google Patents
Portable measuring device for soil organic matter content Download PDFInfo
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- CN210037578U CN210037578U CN201920369259.1U CN201920369259U CN210037578U CN 210037578 U CN210037578 U CN 210037578U CN 201920369259 U CN201920369259 U CN 201920369259U CN 210037578 U CN210037578 U CN 210037578U
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Abstract
A portable measuring device for soil organic matter content belongs to the technical field of intelligent agricultural equipment detection, the utility model consists of a measuring mechanism, a signal processing and displaying mechanism, a power supply and positioning mechanism, an attachment mechanism and an upper computer, wherein the power supply and positioning mechanism and the signal processing and displaying mechanism are fixedly connected on a shell, a spectrum acquisition module, a soil humidity acquisition module, a soil temperature acquisition module, a pressure acquisition module and the power supply and positioning module are connected with the signal processing module through wires, the signal processing module, the signal transmission module, a main controller and a data wireless transmission module are integrated on a circuit board, and the whole internal device is connected with the upper computer through an expansion interface; the utility model discloses on realizing soil organic matter content measurement's basis, have the function of measuring soil temperature, humidity concurrently to through organic matter spectral information, soil temperature, the soil humidity information that acquire, comprehensive evaluation soil organic matter content, the utility model discloses a measuring device easily operates, portable.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to an intelligent agriculture equipment detects technical field, concretely relates to portable measuring device of soil organic matter content.
Background
Soil organic matters are important components of farmland soil and are the foundation of soil fertility. The organic matter content in the soil is an important factor influencing the fertility of the soil and also an important factor influencing the input-output ratio of crop production. In recent years, in order to improve the organic matter content of farmlands, researchers have carried out a great deal of research work, and government departments also have issued relevant policies and encouraged sustainable agriculture, such as increasing organic manure, returning straws to fields, inter-cropping fallow, cultivation of green manure and other measures.
The organic matter content in soil is generally manually measured by adopting a traditional method, and in recent years, research institutions also develop corresponding sensors for detecting the organic matter content. Such as: the invention relates to a soil organic matter content measuring system and a measuring method (patent number: ZL 201310512689.1). The invention provides an organic matter content measuring system based on a tunable laser diode, which measures the organic matter content by extracting a secondary harmonic peak value. The invention relates to a soil organic matter detection device and a detection method (patent number: ZL 201210286344.4). The invention provides a detection device arranged on a sampling vehicle, which is composed of a plurality of modules, wherein the required modules and mechanisms are arranged on the sampling vehicle, and the sampling vehicle is used for testing in the field.
In actual agricultural production, soil sampling and detection equipment has higher requirements on intellectualization, portability and easy operability. Therefore, the portable measuring device for the content of the organic matters in the soil can provide favorable technical support for detecting the content of the organic matters in the soil and testing the sustainable agriculture implementation effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a have the function of measuring soil temperature, humidity concurrently to through organic matter spectral information, soil temperature, the soil humidity information that acquire, the portable soil organic matter content measuring device of comprehensive evaluation soil organic matter content.
The utility model comprises a measuring mechanism A, a signal processing and displaying mechanism B, a power supply and positioning mechanism C, an attachment mechanism D and an upper computer e, wherein the measuring mechanism A comprises a spectrum acquisition module 1, a soil humidity acquisition module 2, a soil temperature acquisition module 3, a pressure acquisition module 4, a sensor sheath 5 and a light source array 6; the sensor sheath 5 is fixed on the shell 21 and used for protecting the two sensors from being damaged and ensuring the accuracy of measurement; the soil humidity acquisition module 2 and the soil temperature acquisition module 3 are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom of the shell 21 and are responsible for acquiring soil temperature and humidity information; the pressure acquisition module 4 consists of four pressure sensors which are uniformly distributed on the square tube-shaped surface at the lower part of the shell 21 and is responsible for monitoring the pressure condition in the measurement process; the light source array 6 consists of six LED lamps, and the light source array 6 is uniformly distributed and arranged around the spectrum acquisition module 1; the spectrum acquisition module 1 is mounted on a mounting frame 26 of the attachment D.
The signal processing and display mechanism B consists of a signal processing module 7, a signal transmission module 8, a display module 9, a bracket 10, a main controller 11, a data wireless transmission module 12, an expansion interface 13 and a support plate 17, wherein the signal processing module 7, the signal transmission module 8, the main controller 11, the data wireless transmission module 12 and the expansion interface 13 are arranged in a closed cavity 40 at the upper part of the shell 21, so that the data transmission function and the protection function of each module are realized; the main controller (11) is arranged at the top of the shell 21, the display module (9) is arranged on the supporting plate 17 supported by the support 10, the main controller 11 is responsible for transmitting the received signals to the display module 9 so as to display data, the display module 9 is powered by an independent power supply on the display module, and the support 10 is responsible for inclining the supporting plate 17 at a certain angle during working so as to facilitate reading of an operator; the expansion interface 13 can realize data communication between the detection device and external equipment, and can expand other functions of the detection device; the power supply and positioning mechanism C consists of a power supply 14, a voltage conversion module 15 and a positioning module 16, wherein the power supply 14 is connected with the voltage conversion module 15 through a lead, is positioned inside the right side of the shell 17 and is responsible for supplying power to each module; the positioning module 16 is located on the outer surface of the housing 17 and plays a role in positioning. The voltage conversion module 15 is responsible for converting the voltage U conducted by the power supply 14 into the voltage U required by each module, so as to supply power to each module.
The power supply and positioning mechanism C is fixed on a shell 21 in the attachment mechanism D, a power supply 14 in the power supply and positioning mechanism C converts voltage through a voltage conversion module 15 and supplies power to a spectrum acquisition module 1, a soil humidity acquisition module 2, a soil temperature acquisition module 3, a pressure acquisition module 4 in the measuring mechanism A, a signal processing module 7, a signal transmission module 8, a display module 9, a main controller 11, a data wireless transmission module 12 in the signal processing and display mechanism B and a positioning module 16 in the power supply and positioning mechanism C through leads; the spectrum acquisition module 1 and the light source array 6 on the spectrum acquisition module 1 in the measuring mechanism A are arranged on the mounting frame 26 of the attachment mechanism D, the soil humidity acquisition module 2, the soil temperature acquisition module 3, the pressure acquisition module 4 and the sensor sheath 5 of the measuring mechanism A are fixed on the shell 21 of the attachment mechanism D, and the signal processing and displaying mechanism B is fixed on the shell 21 of the attachment mechanism D; the upper computer e is a computer for remote data transmission and control and is arranged outside the device.
The spectrum acquisition module 1, the soil humidity acquisition module 2, the soil temperature acquisition module 3, the pressure acquisition module 4 in the measuring mechanism A and the positioning module 16 in the power supply and positioning mechanism C are connected with the signal processing module 7 through wires, the signal processing module 7, the signal transmission module 8, the main controller 11 and the data wireless transmission module 12 are integrated on a circuit board, and the whole internal device is connected with an upper computer e through an expansion interface 13.
The attachment mechanism D consists of a connecting block group 18, a handle pair 19, a mounting block group 20, a shell 21, a pin shaft I22, a spring 23, a pin shaft II 24, an inner shell 25, a mounting frame 26, a shaft 27, a guide rail groove 28, glass 30, a bionic adhesive film 31, a bionic structure 32, a turning plate pair I33 and a turning plate pair II 34, wherein the shell 21 is a tubular cuboid with an opening at the lower part and a cavity I35 at the lower part, and the upper part of the shell is a rectangular closed cavity 40 for mounting corresponding modules and circuits; the left side and the right side of the lower part of the shell 21 are provided with a hole pair I29 for fixing a shaft 27; the handle pair 19 consists of two handles which are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the upper part of the shell 21, connecting blocks in the two handles are respectively and movably connected with one side of the two mounting blocks through a shaft, and the other side of the mounting block group 20 is movably connected with the shell 21 through a hole 39 and a bolt; the lower part of the spring 20 is contacted with the upper part of the inner shell 25, and two ends of the spring are limited by a pin shaft I22 and a pin shaft II 24 respectively; the inner shell 25 is arranged in the cavity I35, and the outer surface of the inner shell 22 and the inner surface of the cavity I35 at the lower part of the shell 21 can slide relatively; the glass 30 is arranged at the bottom of the cavity II 36 of the inner shell 25, and flattens the soil to be detected when the glass is in contact with the soil to be detected, and high-strength anti-reflection glass with high light transmittance and low reflectivity is preferably selected; the bionic structure 32 is positioned on the periphery of the lower surface of the shell 21, and the bionic film 31 is flatly laid on the bottom surface of the shell and has the functions of compacting soil and enabling obtained spectral information to be uniform; the shaft 27 penetrates through the guide rail groove 28 of the inner shell 25 and is mounted on the hole pair I29 of the outer shell, the two ends of the shaft 27 are fixedly connected with a turning plate pair I33, the turning plate pair I33 and the inner surface of the inner shell 25 keep relative sliding, the turning plate pair II 34 is fixedly connected to one side of the guide rail groove 28 of the inner shell 25 and clings to the outer edge of the guide rail groove 28, and 180-degree turning of the shaft 27 is realized through the action of the turning plate pair I33 and the turning plate pair II 34; the mounting frame 23 is fixed on the lower side of the middle part of the shaft 27, and the spectrum acquisition module 1 is arranged on the mounting frame, so that the spectrum acquisition module 1 can be driven to turn over under the action of the turning plate pair I33 and the turning plate pair II 34.
The handle pair 19 consists of two handles which are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the upper part of the shell 21, the two handles are fixedly connected with the connecting block group 18, the hole pair II 37 of the connecting block is movably connected with the hole pair III 38 of the mounting block through a shaft, the shaft is fixed on the shell 21, and the mounting block group 20 is movably connected with the shell 21 through a hole 39 and a bolt, so that the fixing of the handles is ensured, and the force application of an operator is facilitated; the movable hinge can be turned for 90 degrees along the axis of the movable hinge, so that the handle can rotate relative to the axis of the movable hinge, a rubber film with the thickness of 1mm covers the outer part of the movable hinge, the movable hinge is more attached to a palm, and an operator can conveniently grip and apply force.
The bionic structure (32) is positioned around the lower surface of the shell (21), the surface of the bionic structure is provided with a bionic pad pasting (31) and is in contact with soil, the surface of the bionic structure is a spherical crown structure (also can be a groove structure, the cross section of the groove is a square with the side length of 100 mu m) protruding by a tiny convex structure simulating the animal body surface, and the cross section equation of a single spherical crown is x2+y2＝r2Wherein r is 100 μm, and y is not less than 40 μm and not more than 60 μm. The bionic structures (25) are uniformly distributed on the bionic adhesive film (24), and the center distance between every two adjacent protruding structures is 300 mu m;
the bionic structure 32 is positioned around the lower surface of the shell (21), the surface of the bionic structure is provided with a bionic pad pasting (31) and is arranged between the bionic pad pasting and the soil contact surface, the surface of the bionic structure is a spherical crown structure (also can be a groove structure, the groove section is a square with the side length of 100 mu m) protruding by a tiny convex structure simulating the animal body surface, the section equation of a single spherical crown is x2+y2＝r2Wherein r is 100 μm, and y is not less than 40 μm and not more than 60 μm. The bionic structures 25 are uniformly distributed on the bionic pad pasting 31, and the center distance between the adjacent protruding structures is 300 mu m.
The surface of the pair of handles 19 is a surface of a body of revolution, i.e. a section through the central axis through which the generatrix is rotated about the axis. The handle is cut open to obtain the longitudinal section of the handle pair 19, the section is placed in an XOY coordinate system, the central axis of the handle is an X axis, the joint surface of the handle and the movable hinge is an A surface, the intersection point of the axis and the A surface is an O point, and the Y axis is in the A surface and is vertical to the X axis. The curve equation of the generatrix of the outer surface of the handle in the XOY coordinate system is as follows:
y＝0.0014x2-0.183x+20
wherein: x belongs to [0,140] and is in mm.
When the mounting frame 26 finishes the overturning motion, the pressure acquisition module 4 acquires a pressure signal applied to the surface of the soil to be detected and feeds the signal back to the main controller 11, when the pressure reaches a set value f (f is not less than 50N and not more than 900N), an operator is prompted to stop applying the pressure, the main controller 11 triggers the spectrum sensor 1 to work, and an optical signal reflected by the soil to be detected is acquired; soil temperature information and humidity information are respectively collected by the soil humidity collecting module 2 and the soil temperature collecting module 3, and the information is transmitted to the main controller 11.
The utility model discloses on realizing soil organic matter content measurement's basis, have the function of measuring soil temperature, humidity concurrently to through organic matter spectral information, soil temperature, the soil humidity information that acquire, comprehensive evaluation soil organic matter content, the utility model discloses a measuring device easy operation, portable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a portable measuring device for soil organic matter content
FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of the working principle of the portable soil organic matter content measuring device
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portable soil organic matter content measuring device
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a portable soil organic matter content measuring device
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable measuring device for measuring the organic content of soil
FIG. 6 is a side view of a portable soil organic matter content measuring device
FIG. 7 is a bottom view of a raised biomimetic structure
FIG. 8 is a bottom view of a groove biomimetic structure
FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the housing
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the shaft
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a in FIG. 4
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of b in FIG. 6
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the inner part of the inner case
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the panel designated by c in FIG. 13 (with the flap in the position at the start of operation)
FIG. 15 is a view showing the position of the flap at the end of the operation
FIG. 16 is an isometric view of the upper portion of the inner shell
FIG. 17 is a view showing a handle attaching mechanism
FIG. 18 is a graph of a curve of a handle
Wherein: A. measuring mechanism B, signal processing and display mechanism C, power supply and positioning mechanism D, attachment mechanism e, upper computer 1, spectrum acquisition module 2, soil humidity acquisition module 3, soil temperature acquisition module 4, pressure acquisition module 5, sensor sheath 6, light source array 7, signal processing module 8, signal transmission module 9, display module 10, support 11, main controller 12, data wireless transmission module 13, expansion interface 14, power supply 15, voltage conversion module 16, positioning module 17, support plate 18, connecting block group 19, handle pair 20, mounting block group 21, shell 22, pin shaft I23, spring 24, pin shaft II 25, inner shell 26, mounting frame 27, shaft 28, guide rail groove 29, hole pair I30, glass 31, bionic pad 32, bionic structure 33, turning plate pair I34, turning plate pair II 35, cavity I36, cavity II 37, hole 37 Pair II 38 hole pair III 39 hole 40 closed cavity
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 9, the utility model comprises a measuring mechanism a, a signal processing and displaying mechanism B, a power supply and positioning mechanism C, an attachment mechanism D and an upper computer e, wherein a soil humidity acquisition module 2 and a soil temperature acquisition module 3 are respectively arranged at two sides of a shell 21, a sensor sheath 5 is fixed on the shell 21, and the sensor sheath 5 covers the outside of the soil humidity acquisition module 2 and the soil temperature acquisition module 3 and is used for protecting two sensors from damage and ensuring the accuracy of measurement;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the signal processing module 7, the signal transmission module 8, the main controller 11, the data wireless transmission module 12, and the expansion interface 13 are installed inside the housing 21, the display module holder 10 is installed on the upper portion of the housing 21, and the display module 9 is installed on the support plate 17. Each sensor transmits each collected information quantity to the signal processing module 7, then the information quantity is sent to the main controller 11 through the signal transmission module 8, and finally processed data is displayed to an operator in a graphic mode through the display module 9; the data wireless transmission module 12 can remotely transmit the data acquired by the main controller to the MCU module of the upper computer e; the expansion interface 13 can realize data communication between the detection device and external equipment, and can expand other functions of the detection device;
as shown in fig. 3 and 10, the spectrum collection module 1 is mounted on the mounting frame 26, and the light source arrays 6 are uniformly distributed around the spectrum collection module 1 and are responsible for scattering light sources to the surface of the soil to be measured;
as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 11, the signal processing module 7, the signal transmission module 8, the main controller 11, the data wireless transmission module 12 and the expansion interface 13 are installed inside the housing 21, the support plate 17 is installed on the top of the housing 21 and supported by the bracket 10, and the display module 9 is installed on the upper surface of the support plate 17; the spectrum acquisition module 1, the soil humidity acquisition module 2, the soil temperature acquisition module 3, the pressure acquisition module 4 and the positioning module 16 are connected with the signal processing module 7 through leads, the signal processing module 7, the signal transmission module 8, the main controller 11 and the data wireless transmission module 12 are integrated on a circuit board, and the whole internal circuit is connected with an upper computer e through an expansion interface 13;
as shown in fig. 4, 7 and 8, the glass 30 is installed at the bottom of the inner casing 25, and flattens the soil to be tested when contacting with the soil to be tested, and preferably, the glass is high-strength anti-reflection glass with high light transmittance and low reflectivity.
The principle and the working process of the utility model are as follows: when the detection device is in an initial working state, the glass 30 fixed on the lower portion of the inner shell 25 is in contact with the surface of the soil to be detected, the lower portion of the shell 21 is not in contact with the surface of the soil to be detected, and when the spring 23 is extruded, pressure is formed between the glass 30 and the surface of the soil to be detected, and the glass 30 can be used for leveling the surface of the soil to be detected under the action of the pressure.
As shown in fig. 3 and 13, the shaft 27 passes through the guide rail groove 28 of the inner shell 25 and is mounted on the hole pair i 29 of the outer shell 21, two ends of the shaft 27 are fixedly connected with the flap pair i 33, the flap pair i 33 and the inner surface of the inner shell 25 keep relative sliding, the flap pair ii 34 is fixedly connected on one side of the guide rail groove 28 of the inner shell 25 and clings to the outer edge of the guide rail groove 28, and the mounting frame 23 is fixed on the lower side of the middle part of the shaft 27; the overturning and rotating process and the soil information acquisition process are as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, 13, 14, 15 and 16, the spring 23 is limited by a pin i 22 fixed on the housing 21 and a pin ii 24 fixed on the inner housing 25; the structure consisting of the spring 23, the mounting frame 26 (comprising the spectrum acquisition module 1 and the light source array 6 mounted on the mounting frame), the shell 21, the inner shell 25, the turning plate pair I33 and the turning plate pair II 34 can realize the up-down 180-degree turning of the shaft 27; the turning plate pair I33 is fixed on two sides of the shaft 27 and tightly attached to the inner surface of the inner shell 25, and can slide relative to the inner shell 25; the turning plate pair II 34 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the inner shell 25, and beside the guide rail groove on the inner shell 25, cross rods at two ends of the shaft 27 penetrate through the guide rail groove 28 on the inner shell 25 to be clamped in a hole pair I29 of the shell 21 (the shaft 27 can rotate in the hole), and when the shaft 27 is translated downwards to the turning plate pair I33 to be contacted with the turning plate pair II 34, the turning plate pair II is turned over by 180 degrees; the top of the inner case 25 and the case 21 are in contact with the spring 20, respectively. When an operator uses the monitoring device, when the handle pair 19 is pressed downwards, the shell 21 moves downwards relative to the ground to be detected, the inner shell 25 does not move relative to the ground to be detected, and then the turning plate pair I33 on the shaft 27 moves along the arc-shaped track of the turning plate pair II 34 fixed on the inner shell 25, and rotates around the axis of the shell 21 while moving downwards together with the shell, so that the turning plate pair I33 fixed on the mounting frame 26 and the turning plate pair II 34 fixed on the inner shell 25 start to turn over, the spectrum acquisition module 1 can be triggered to work, and optical signals reflected by the soil to be detected are acquired; when the monitoring operation is finished, the operator does not apply pressure to the handle pair 19 any more, and the spring 23 drives the shaft 27 to move by utilizing the elastic potential energy to realize that the sensor returns to the initial standby operation state.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the tester applies pressure to the handle pair 19 to the soil surface to be tested, the shell 21 moves downwards, the spring 23 is squeezed, and drives the sensors of the soil humidity acquisition module 2 and the soil temperature acquisition module 3 mounted on two sides of the bottom of the shell 21 to move downwards and insert into the soil surface to be tested; when the shell 21 and the inner shell 25 form relative motion, the soil humidity acquisition module 2 and the soil temperature acquisition module 3 start to work to respectively acquire soil humidity and temperature information of soil to be detected.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 17, the pair of handles 19 is composed of two handles, which are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the upper part of the housing 21, the two handles are fixedly connected with the connecting block set 18, the hole pair ii 37 of the connecting block is movably connected with the hole pair iii 38 of the installation block through a shaft, the shaft is fixed on the housing 21, and the installation block set 20 is movably connected with the housing 21 through a hole 39 and a bolt; the movable hinge can be turned for 90 degrees along the axis of the movable hinge, so that the handle can rotate relative to the axis of the movable hinge, a rubber film with the thickness of 1mm covers the outer part of the movable hinge, the movable hinge is more attached to a palm, and an operator can conveniently grip and apply force.
As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 12, a bionic structure 32 is distributed on the surface of one side of the contact surface of the glass 30 and the soil, a transparent bionic adhesive film 31 is adhered on the bottom of the shell 21 and the contact surface of the soil, a micro-convex structure simulating the body surface of an animal is arranged on the surface of the bionic adhesive film, and the bionic structure 32 can play an effective desorption role when contacting with the soil to be detected, so that the influence of soil particles adhered on the surface of the bottom of the shell 21 on the detection device for the next detection is avoided; the bionic structure 32 is a raised spherical crown structure, and the section equation of a single spherical crown is as follows:
x2+y2＝r2
wherein: r is 100mm, and y is more than or equal to 40nm and less than or equal to 60 nm.
As shown in fig. 8, the biomimetic structure 25 may also be a groove structure, and the cross section of the groove is a square with a side length of 100 nm.
As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the pressure acquisition module 4 at the lower part of the casing 21 (four pressure sensors are uniformly distributed on the square tube-shaped surface at the lower part of the casing 21) acquires a pressure signal applied to the surface of the soil to be measured, so as to ensure the flatness of the surface of the soil to be measured.
As shown in fig. 18, the outer surface of the pair of handles 19 is a surface of a body of revolution, i.e., a cross section through the center axis in which the generatrix is rotated about the axis. The handle is cut open to obtain the longitudinal section of the handle 19, the section is placed in an XOY coordinate system, the central axis of the handle is an X axis, the joint surface of the handle and the movable hinge is an A surface, the intersection point of the axis and the A surface is an O point, and the Y axis is in the A surface and is vertical to the X axis. The curve equation of the generatrix of the outer surface of the handle in the XOY coordinate system is as follows:
y＝0.0014x2-0.183x+20
wherein: x is [0,140] in mm;
the device comprises the following signal acquisition processes:
when the mounting frame 26 finishes the overturning motion, the pressure acquisition module 4 acquires a pressure signal applied to the surface of the soil to be detected and feeds the signal back to the main controller, when the pressure reaches a set value f1 which is 200N, the main controller prompts an operator to stop applying the pressure, and triggers the spectral sensor to work to acquire an optical signal reflected by the soil to be detected; soil temperature information and humidity information are respectively collected by the soil humidity collecting module 2 and the soil temperature collecting module 3, and the information is transmitted to the main controller.
Before field test is carried out, the correction coefficient k of the device needs to be calibrated0The calibration process is as follows:
1. the device is used for collecting organic matter spectrum information, soil temperature and soil humidity information and giving out the organic matter content m of the soil when the correction coefficient is 1i；
2. Sending the same soil sample to a laboratory to obtain a standard organic matter content value ni；
3. Then k isi＝ni/mi；
4. Repeating the above steps 10 times to obtain the average value k of k0Then k is0I.e. the correction factor.
The main controller combines the correction coefficient k with the acquired organic matter spectrum information, soil temperature and soil humidity information0Comprehensively evaluating the organic matter content of the soil.
Claims (3)
1. A portable measuring device for soil organic matter content is characterized by comprising a measuring mechanism (A), a signal processing and displaying mechanism (B), a power supply and positioning mechanism (C), an attachment mechanism (D) and an upper computer (e), wherein the measuring mechanism (A) comprises a spectrum acquisition module (1), a soil humidity acquisition module (2), a soil temperature acquisition module (3), a pressure acquisition module (4), a sensor sheath (5) and a light source array (6), and the sensor sheath (5) is fixed on a shell; the soil humidity acquisition module (2) and the soil temperature acquisition module (3) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of a shell (21) of the attachment mechanism (D); the pressure acquisition module (4) is arranged at the lower part of a shell (21) of the auxiliary mechanism (D), and four pressure sensors are uniformly distributed on the surface of the shell (21); the light source array (6) consists of six LED lamps, and the light source array (6) is uniformly distributed around the spectrum acquisition module (1); the spectrum acquisition module (1) is arranged on a sensor mounting rack (23) of the attachment mechanism (D); the signal processing and displaying mechanism (B) consists of a signal processing module (7), a signal transmission module (8), a display module (9), a support (10), a main controller (11), a data wireless transmission module (12), an expansion interface (13) and a support plate (17), wherein the signal processing module (7), the signal transmission module (8), the main controller (11), the data wireless transmission module (12) and the expansion interface (13) are arranged in a closed cavity (40) on the shell (21), the main controller (11) is arranged at the top of the shell (21), and the display module (9) is arranged on the support plate (17) supported by the support (10); the power supply and positioning mechanism (C) consists of a power supply (14), a voltage conversion module (15) and a positioning module (16), wherein the power supply (14) is connected with the voltage conversion module (15) through a lead and is positioned on the inner surface of the right side of the shell (21) of the accessory mechanism (D); the positioning module (16) is positioned on the outer surface of the middle part of the shell (21); the power supply and positioning mechanism (C) is fixed on a shell (21) in the auxiliary mechanism (D), a power supply (14) in the power supply and positioning mechanism (C) converts voltage through a voltage conversion module (15) and supplies power to each module of the measuring mechanism (A) through a lead, a signal processing module (7), a signal transmission module (8), a display module (9), a main controller (11), a data wireless transmission module (12) and a positioning module (16) of the power supply and positioning module in the signal processing and display mechanism (B) are fixed on a mounting rack (23) of the auxiliary mechanism (D), a soil humidity acquisition module (2), a soil temperature acquisition module (3), a pressure acquisition module (4) and a sensor sheath (5) of the measuring mechanism (A) are fixed at the bottom of the shell (21) of the auxiliary mechanism (D), the signal processing and displaying mechanism (b) is fixed on a shell (21) of the auxiliary mechanism (d); the upper computer (e) is placed outside the device; spectrum collection module (1), soil moisture collection module (2), soil temperature collection module (3), pressure collection module (4) and power and positioning module (16) in positioning mechanism (C) pass through the wire and are connected with signal processing module (7), signal transmission module (8), main control unit (11) and data wireless transmission module (12) are integrated on the circuit board, whole internal device passes through expansion interface (13) and links to each other with host computer (e).
2. The portable soil organic matter content measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the attachment mechanism (D) is composed of a connecting block set (18), a pair of handles (19), a mounting block set (20), a housing (21), a pin shaft i (22), a spring (23), a pin shaft ii (24), an inner housing (25), a mounting frame (26), a shaft (27), a guide rail groove (28), glass (30), a bionic adhesive film (31), a bionic structure (32), a turning plate pair i (33) and a turning plate pair ii (34), wherein the housing (21) is open at the lower part, the lower part is a tubular cuboid with a cavity i (35), the upper part is a rectangular closed cavity (40), and the left and right sides of the lower part of the housing (21) are provided with hole pairs (29); the handle pair (19) consists of two handles which are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the upper part of the shell (21), connecting blocks of the two handles are respectively movably connected with one side of the two mounting blocks through a shaft, and the other side of the mounting block group (20) is movably connected with the shell (21) through a hole (39); the spring (20) is positioned at the upper part of the inner shell (25), and two ends of the spring are limited by a pin shaft I (22) and a pin shaft II (24) respectively; the inner shell (25) is arranged in the cavity I (35), and the outer surface of the inner shell (25) is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the cavity I (35) at the lower part of the shell (21); the glass (30) is arranged at the bottom of the cavity II (36) of the inner shell (25); the bionic structure (32) is positioned on the periphery of the lower surface of the shell (21), and the bionic adhesive film (31) is tiled on the bottom surface of the bionic structure; a shaft (27) penetrates through a guide rail groove (28) of the inner shell (25) and is arranged on a hole pair (29) of the outer shell, two ends of the shaft (27) are fixedly connected with a turning plate pair I (33), and the turning plate pair I (33) is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the inner shell (25); the turning plate pair II (34) is fixedly connected to one side of the guide rail groove (28) of the inner shell (25) and clings to the outer edge of the guide rail groove (28), and the mounting rack (26) is fixed to the lower side of the middle of the shaft (27); bionic structure (32) are located casing (21) lower surface all around, and its surface has bionical pad pasting (31) to be the bellied spherical crown structure of imitative animal body surface, and the cross-sectional equation of single spherical crown is:
x2+y2＝r2
wherein: r is 100 μm, and y is more than or equal to 40 μm and less than or equal to 60 μm;
the bottom surface of the bionic structure (32) is covered with a bionic adhesive film (31), and the center distance between adjacent raised structures is 300 mu m.
3. The portable soil organic matter content measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the outer surface of said pair of handles (19) is obtained by rotating a generatrix M around a central axis, and the curvilinear equation of the generatrix M is:
y＝0.0014x2-0.183x+20
wherein: x ∈ [0,140] in mm.
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| CN109738376A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-10 | 吉林大学 | A kind of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit |
| CN109738376B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2023-11-21 | 吉林大学 | Portable measuring device for organic matter content in soil |
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