CN109738376A - A kind of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit - Google Patents
A kind of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109738376A CN109738376A CN201910220728.8A CN201910220728A CN109738376A CN 109738376 A CN109738376 A CN 109738376A CN 201910220728 A CN201910220728 A CN 201910220728A CN 109738376 A CN109738376 A CN 109738376A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012272 crop production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit category reading intelligent agriculture equipment detection technique field, the present invention is by measuring mechanism, signal processing and indication mechanism, power supply and positioning mechanism, subsidiary body and host computer composition, power supply and positioning mechanism and signal processing and indication mechanism are fixed on shell, spectra collection module, soil moisture acquisition module, soil moisture acquisition module, pressure acquisition module and power supply and locating module are connect through conducting wire with signal processing module, signal processing module, signal transmission module, master controller and data wireless transport module are integrated on circuit boards, entire interior arrangement is connected by expansion interface with host computer；The present invention is on the basis of realizing soil organic matter content measurement, have both the function of the measurement soil moisture, humidity, and by acquired organic matter spectral information, the soil moisture, soil humidity information, overall merit soil organic matter content, measuring device of the invention is easy to operate, Portable belt.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to reading intelligent agricultures to equip detection technique field, and in particular to a kind of soil organic matter content portable type measuring
Device.
Background technique
The soil organism is the important component of agricultural land soil, is the basis of soil fertility.Organic matter in soil contains
An important factor for amount is the fertility of influence soil, and an important factor for influence crop production input-output ratio.In recent years, in order to
The farmland content of organic matter is improved, scientific research personnel has carried out a large amount of research work, and government department also puts into effect relevant policies, and encouragement can
Sustainable agriculture, such as increase organic manure, implement straw-returning, lie fallow, cultivate green manure measure.
The content of organic matter in soil generally uses conventional method manual measurement, and Yi You research institution research and development in recent years are corresponding
Sensor, for the content of organic matter detect.Such as: " measuring system and measurement method of soil organic matter content are (specially for patent of invention
Benefit number: ZL201310512689.1) " having invented a kind of content of organic matter measuring system based on tunable laser diodes, leads to
Cross the extraction second harmonic peak value measurement content of organic matter, the system is by photoelectric detection module, tunable laser diodes, secondary humorous
The multiple modules such as wave extraction module, measurement module composition, structure is relative complex, be not easy to carrying, portability is insufficient.Patent of invention
" a kind of soil organism detection device and detection method (patent No.: ZL201210286344.4) " has invented one kind and has been mounted on
Detection device on sampling vehicle, there are many modules to form for the device, and required module and mechanism are mounted on sampling vehicle, when use
It needs to be tested by sampling vehicle in field.
In practical agricultural production, soil sampling and detection device have higher want to intelligence, portability, ease for operation
It asks.Therefore, soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit is researched and developed, it can be sustainable for detection soil organic matter content, inspection
Agriculture implementation result provides advantageous technical support.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of functions of having both the measurement soil moisture, humidity, and have by acquired
The portable soil organic matter of machine matter spectral information, the soil moisture, soil humidity information, overall merit soil organic matter content contains
Measuring device.
The present invention is by measuring mechanism A, signal processing and indication mechanism B, power supply and positioning mechanism C, subsidiary body D and upper
Machine e composition, measuring mechanism A is by spectra collection module 1, soil moisture acquisition module 2, soil moisture acquisition module 3, pressure acquisition
Module 4, sensor jacket 5 and array of source 6 form；Sensor jacket 5 is fixed on shell 21, for protecting two sensors
It is not damaged and guarantee measurement accurate；Soil moisture acquisition module 2 and soil moisture acquisition module 3 are separately mounted to shell
The acquisition soil moisture and humidity information are responsible in 21 two sides of the bottom；Pressure acquisition module 4 is by being mounted on 21 lower square tube type table of shell
The uniformly distributed four pressure sensors composition in face, the pressure condition being responsible in monitoring measurement process；Array of source 6 is by six LED light groups
At array of source 6, which is uniformly distributed, to be mounted on around spectra collection module 1；Spectra collection module 1 is mounted on the peace of subsidiary body D
It shelves on 26.
Signal processing and indication mechanism B are by signal processing module 7, signal transmission module 8, display module 9, bracket 10, master
Controller 11, data wireless transport module 12, expansion interface 13 and support plate 17 form, and signal processing module 7, signal transmit mould
Block 8, master controller 11, data wireless transport module 12, expansion interface 13 are mounted on the closed cavity 40 on 21 top of shell, thus
Realize the transfer function of data and the defencive function to each module；Master controller (11) is mounted on 21 top of shell, display module
(9) be mounted on by bracket 10 support support plate 17 on, master controller 11 be responsible for by received signal pass to display module 9 with
Just it shows data, and display module 9 is powered by independent current source thereon, and bracket 10 is responsible for that support plate 17 is tilted one at work
Determine angle, operator is facilitated to read；The data association between detection device and external equipment may be implemented in expansion interface 13, and can open up
Open up the other function of detection device；Power supply is made of with positioning mechanism C power supply 14, voltage transformation module 15, locating module 16, electricity
Source 14 is connect with voltage transformation module 15 by conducting wire, is located at 17 right side inside of shell, is responsible for each module for power supply；Locating module
16 are located at 17 outer surface of shell, play the role of positioning.Voltage transformation module 15 is responsible for converting the voltage U that the conduction of power supply 14 comes
For voltage u required for each module, to realize the power supply to modules.
Power supply and positioning mechanism C are fixed on the shell 21 in subsidiary body D, the power supply 14 in power supply and positioning mechanism C
Spectra collection module 1 from conducting wire to measuring mechanism A, soil moisture acquisition after being converted the voltage by voltage transformation module 15 through
Signal processing module 7, letter in module 2, soil moisture acquisition module 3, pressure acquisition module 4, signal processing and indication mechanism B
Positioning in number transmission module 8, display module 9, master controller 11, data wireless transport module 12 and power supply and positioning mechanism C
Module 16 is powered；Spectra collection module 1 in measuring mechanism A and array of source thereon 6 are mounted on the mounting rack of subsidiary body D
On 26, the soil moisture acquisition module 2 of measuring mechanism A, soil moisture acquisition module 3, pressure acquisition module 4, sensor jacket 5
It is fixed on the shell 21 of subsidiary body D, signal processing and indication mechanism B are fixed on the shell 21 of subsidiary body D；Host computer
E is the computer for remote transmission data and control, is placed in outside device.
Spectra collection module 1, soil moisture acquisition module 2, soil moisture acquisition module 3, pressure in measuring mechanism A are adopted
Collection module 4 and power supply are connect by conducting wire with signal processing module 7 with the locating module 16 in positioning mechanism C, signal processing mould
Block 7, signal transmission module 8, master controller 11 and data wireless transport module 12 are integrated on circuit boards, and entire interior arrangement is logical
Expansion interface 13 is crossed to be connected with host computer e.
Subsidiary body D is by link block group 18, and handle is to 19, mounting blocks group 20, shell 21, pin shaft I 22, spring 23, pin shaft
II 24, inner casing 25, mounting rack 26, axis 27, guide-track groove 28, glass 30, bionical pad pasting 31, biomimetic features 32, turnover panel turns over to I 33
Plate is formed to II 34, and wherein shell 21 is lower openings, and lower part is the shaped oblong body of cavity I 35, and upper part is rectangle envelope
Cavity 40 is closed, for installing corresponding module and circuit；It is equipped with hole at left and right sides of 21 lower part of shell to I 29, is used for fixing axle 27；?
Hand is made of to 19 two handles, is symmetrically arranged at left and right sides of the top of shell 21, the link block in two handles respectively with
The side of two mounting blocks is flexibly connected by axis, and the other side through hole 39 and shell 21 of mounting blocks group 20 pass through bolt activity
Connection；20 lower part of spring and 25 upper contact of inner casing, both ends are limited by pin shaft I 22 and pin shaft II 24 respectively；Inner casing 25 is installed
Inside cavity I 35,22 outer surface of inner casing and 21 lower cavity of shell, I 35 inner surface are opposite can to slide；Glass 30 is installed
In II 36 bottom of cavity of inner casing 25, soil to be measured is flattened when contacting with soil to be measured, and preferably there is high transparency, antiradar reflectivity
The high-intensitive anti-reflective glass of characteristic；Biomimetic features 32 are located at the surrounding of 21 lower surface of shell, and bionical pad pasting 31 is laid in its bottom
Surface has compacting soil, makes gained spectral information uniformly effect；The guide-track groove 28 that axis 27 passes through inner casing 25 is installed on shell
Hole on I 29, the both ends of axis 27 connect firmly turnover panel to I 33, and turnover panel keeps opposite sliding with the inner surface of inner casing 25 to I 33, turn over
Plate connects firmly 28 side of guide-track groove in inner casing 25 to II 34 and is close to 28 outer edge of guide-track groove, by turnover panel to I 33 and turnover panel pair
180 ° of overturnings of axis 27 are realized in II 34 effect；Mounting rack 23 is fixed on the downside of the middle part of axis 27, there is spectra collection module thereon
1, so spectra collection module 1 can be driven to realize overturning II 34 effect I 33 and turnover panel by turnover panel.
Handle is made of to 19 two handles, is symmetrically arranged at left and right sides of the top of shell 21, two handles with connect
Block group 18 connects firmly together, and the hole of link block is flexibly connected to III 38 by axis to II 37 with the hole of mounting blocks, and axis is fixed on shell
On body 21,20 through hole 39 of mounting blocks group is flexibly connected with shell 21 by bolt, while guaranteeing that handle is fixed more added with
Conducive to operator's force；Moveable hinge can overturn 90 ° along its axis to realizing rotary motion of the handle relative to moveable hinge axis,
It is covered with 1mm thickness rubber membrane outside it, be more bonded palm and carries out grasping force convenient for operator.
The biomimetic features (32) are located at shell (21) lower surface surrounding, and there are bionical pad pasting (31) and and soil in surface
Between contact surface, surface be the minute protrusions structure protrusion of imitative animal body surface spherical cap structure (can also be groove structure, it is recessed
The square that slot cross-section is 100 μm of side length), the SECTION EQUATION of single spherical crown is x2+y2=r2, wherein r=100 μm, 40 μm≤y
≤60μm.Biomimetic features (25) are evenly distributed on bionical pad pasting (24), and adjacent protrusion structure centre spacing is 300 μm；
Biomimetic features 32 are located at shell (21) lower surface surrounding, surface have bionical pad pasting (31) and with soil contact it
Between, surface is that the spherical cap structure of the minute protrusions structure protrusion of imitative animal body surface (can also be groove structure, groove section is
The square that 100 μm of side length), the SECTION EQUATION of single spherical crown is x2+y2=r2, wherein r=100 μm, 40 μm≤y≤60 μm.
Biomimetic features 25 are evenly distributed on bionical pad pasting 31, and adjacent protrusion structure centre spacing is 300 μm.
Handle is rotary body surface to 19 surfaces, can regard bus as and rotate about the axis section for being able to central axis
Face.Handle is splitted and, to 19 longitudinal section, which is placed in XOY coordinate system, handle centre axis is to get to handle
X-axis, handle and moveable hinge joint face are the face A, and axis and the face A crosspoint are O point, and Y-axis is in the face A and perpendicular to X-axis.Outside handle
Curvilinear equation of the bus on surface in XOY coordinate system are as follows:
Y=0.0014x2-0.183x+20
Wherein: x belongs to [0,140], unit mm.
When mounting rack 26 completes flip-flop movement, pressure acquisition module 4 acquires soil surface pressure applied letter to be measured
Number, and the signal is fed back into master controller 11, when pressure reaches setting value f (50N≤f≤900N), operator is prompted to stop
Only apply pressure, master controller 11 triggers spectrum sensor 1 and works, and acquires the reflected optical signal of soil to be measured；Soil is wet
Degree acquisition module 2 and soil moisture acquisition module 3 acquire soil moisture information and humidity information respectively, and transmit information to master
Controller 11.
The present invention has both the function of the measurement soil moisture, humidity on the basis of realizing soil organic matter content measurement, and
Pass through acquired organic matter spectral information, the soil moisture, soil humidity information, overall merit soil organic matter content, this hair
Bright measuring device is easy to operate, easy to carry.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit
Fig. 2 is the system block diagram of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit working principle
Fig. 3 is that the axis of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit cuts open figure
Fig. 4 is the sectional side view of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit
Fig. 6 is the side view of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit
Fig. 7 is the bottom view of raised biomimetic features
Fig. 8 is the bottom view of groove biomimetic features
Fig. 9 is the bottom view of shell
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of axis
Figure 11 is the enlarged drawing of a meaning in Fig. 4
Figure 12 is the enlarged drawing of b meaning in Fig. 6
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of inner housing inner
Figure 14 is the enlarged drawing (location drawing that turnover panel starts in work) of c meaning in Figure 13
Figure 15 is the location drawing of the turnover panel in work tail end
Figure 16 is the axonometric drawing on inner casing top
Figure 17 is handle connecting gear figure
Figure 18 is handle curvilinear coordinate figure
Wherein: on A. measuring mechanism B. signal processing and indication mechanism C. power supply and positioning mechanism D. subsidiary body e.
3. soil moisture acquisition module of machine 1. spectra collection module, 2. soil moisture acquisition module 4. pressure acquisition module 5. in position passes
10. bracket of sensor sheath 6. array of source, 7. signal processing module, 8. signal transmission module, 9. display module, 11. master control
12. data wireless transport module of device processed, 13. expansion interface, 14. power supply, 15. voltage transformation module, 16. locating module 17.
18. link block group of support plate, 19. handle is to 20. mounting blocks group, 21. shell, 22. pin shaft, I 23. spring, 24. pin shaft II
25. 28. guide-track groove of inner casing 26. mounting rack, 27. axis, 29. hole is to bionical 32. biomimetic features of pad pasting of I 30. glass 31.
33. turnover panel closes sky to III 39. holes 40. to II 38. holes to II 35. cavity, I 36. cavity, II 37. hole to I 34. turnover panels
Chamber
Specific embodiment
Such as Fig. 1, shown in fig. 4, fig. 9, the present invention is by measuring mechanism A, signal processing and indication mechanism B, power supply and localization machine
Structure C, subsidiary body D and host computer e composition, soil moisture acquisition module 2 and soil moisture acquisition module 3 are separately mounted to shell
21 two sides of body, sensor jacket 5 are fixed on shell 21, and sensor jacket 5 covers on soil moisture acquisition module 2 and the soil moisture
Outside acquisition module 3, for protecting two sensors not damaged and guaranteeing the accurate of measurement；
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, signal processing module 7, signal transmission module 8, master controller 11, data wireless transport module
12, expansion interface 13 is mounted on inside shell 21, and display module bracket 10 is mounted on 21 top of shell, and display module 9 is mounted on
In support plate 17.Collected each information content is transferred to signal processing module 7 by each sensor, then passes through signal transmission module
8 are sent to master controller 11, and the data after final process are shown in the form of picture and text from display module 9 to operator；
Data acquired in master controller can be transmitted at a distance the MCU module of host computer e by data wireless transport module 12；Extension connects
The data association between detection device and external equipment may be implemented in mouth 13, and can expand the other function of detection device；
As shown in Fig. 3, Figure 10, spectra collection module 1 is mounted on mounting rack 26, and array of source 6, which is uniformly distributed, to be mounted on
Around spectra collection module 1, it is responsible for light source scattering to soil surface to be measured；
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Figure 11, signal processing module 7, signal transmission module 8, master controller 11, data are wirelessly passed
Defeated module 12, expansion interface 13 are mounted on inside shell 21, and support plate 17 is mounted on 21 top of shell, and is supported by bracket 10,
Display module 9 is mounted on 17 upper surface of support plate；Spectra collection module 1, soil moisture acquisition module 2, the soil moisture acquire mould
Block 3, pressure acquisition module 4 and locating module 16 are connect by conducting wire with signal processing module 7, and signal processing module 7, signal pass
Defeated module 8, master controller 11 and data wireless transport module 12 are integrated on circuit boards, and entire internal circuit passes through expansion interface
13 are connected with host computer e；
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, glass 30 is mounted on 25 bottom of inner casing, and soil to be measured is flattened when contacting with soil to be measured
Earth, the preferably high-intensitive anti-reflective glass with high transparency, antiradar reflectivity characteristic.
The principle of the present invention and the course of work are as follows: detection device is when working original state, the 25 lower part institute of inner casing
Fixed glass 30 is contacted with soil surface to be measured, and 21 lower part of shell is not contacted with soil surface to be measured, when spring 23 receive it is crowded
Pressure, makes to form pressure between glass 30 and soil surface to be measured, realizes glass 30 to soil surface to be measured under the effect of the pressure
Leveling operation.
As shown in Fig. 3, Figure 13, the guide-track groove 28 that axis 27 passes through inner casing 25 is installed on the hole of shell 21 on I 29, axis 27
Both ends connect firmly turnover panel to I 33, and turnover panel keeps opposite sliding to the inner surface of I 33 and inner casing 25, and turnover panel is connected firmly to II 34 in inner casing
28 outer edge of guide-track groove is simultaneously close in 25 28 side of guide-track groove, and mounting rack 23 is fixed on the downside of the middle part of axis 27；It overturns and returns
It is as follows to turn over journey, soil information collecting process:
As shown in Fig. 3, Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16, spring 23 is by the pin shaft I 22 that is fixed on shell 21 and is fixed on
Pin shaft II 24 on inner casing 25 limits；By spring 23, mounting rack 26 (including spectra collection module 1 mounted thereto, light source battle array
Column 6), shell 21, inner casing 25, turnover panel about 27 180 ° of axis overturnings are able to achieve to structure composed by II 34 to I 33 and turnover panel；Its
Middle turnover panel is fixed on 27 two sides of axis to I 33 and is close to 25 inner surface of inner casing, and can be slided relative to inner casing 25；Turnover panel is to II 34
It connects firmly on 25 inner surface of inner casing, beside the guide-track groove on inner casing 25, the both ends cross bar of axis 27 passes through the guide rail on inner casing 25
Slot 28 is stuck in the hole of shell 21 to (axis 27 can rotate in hole) in I 29, when axis 27 moves to downwards turnover panel to I 33 and turnover panel
180 ° of overturnings occur when to II 34 contact；The top of inner casing 25 is contacted with spring 20 respectively with shell 21.When operator uses
When monitoring device, when being pressed downward handle to 19, shell 21 is moved downward relative to ground to be measured, and inner casing 25 is relative to ground to be measured
It is motionless, and then the turnover panel on axis 27 moves II 34 arc track along the turnover panel being fixed on inner casing 25 to I 33, with shell 21
Around own axes do rotary motion while moving downwardly together, make the turnover panel being fixed on mounting rack 26 to I 33 be fixed on
Turnover panel on inner casing 25 is begun turning to II 34, and can trigger the work of spectra collection module 1, and it is reflected to acquire soil to be measured
Optical signal；At the end of operation to be monitored, operator no longer applies pressure to 19 to handle, and spring 23 utilizes elastic potential energy at this time
Band moving axis 27 moves to realize that sensor returns to initially to working condition.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, when testing staff implements pressure towards soil face to be measured to 19 to handle, shell 21 to
Lower movement, spring 23 are squeezed, and drive the soil moisture acquisition module 2 and the soil moisture for being mounted on 21 two sides of the bottom of shell
Each sensor of acquisition module 3 moves downward and is inserted into soil surface to be measured；When forming relative motion between shell 21 and inner casing 25
When, soil moisture acquisition module 2 and soil moisture acquisition module 3 are started to work, acquire respectively the soil moisture of soil to be measured with
And temperature information.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Figure 17, handle is made of to 19 two handles, is symmetrically arranged on the top or so of shell 21
Two sides, two handles and link block group 18 connect firmly together, and the hole of link block passes through axis to III 38 to the hole of II 37 and mounting blocks
It is flexibly connected, axis is fixed on shell 21, and 20 through hole 39 of mounting blocks group is flexibly connected with shell 21 by bolt；Moveable hinge can
Overturn 90 ° along its axis to realizing rotary motion of the handle relative to moveable hinge axis, outside be covered with 1mm thickness rubber
Film is more bonded palm and carries out grasping force convenient for operator.
As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Figure 12, biomimetic features 32, shell 21 is distributed in glass 30 and one side surface of soil contact
Bottom and soil contact are pasted with transparent bionical pad pasting 31, and there are the minute protrusions structure of imitative animal body surface, bionical knot in surface
Structure 32 and soil to be measured can play effective desorption when contacting, and avoid 21 bottom surface of shell adherency soil particle to shadow
Detection device is rung to be detected next time；The biomimetic features 32 are the spherical cap structure of protrusion, the SECTION EQUATION of single spherical crown are as follows:
x2+y2=r2
Wherein: r=100mm, 40nm≤y≤60nm.
As shown in figure 8, the biomimetic features 25 can also be groove structure, groove section is the square of side length 100nm.
As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, the pressure acquisition module 4 of the lower part of shell 21 is (on 21 lower square tube type surface of shell
Uniformly distributed four pressure sensors) acquisition is to soil surface pressure applied signal to be measured, to guarantee the flat of soil surface to be measured
Whole property.
As shown in figure 18, handle is rotary body surface to 19 outer surfaces, can regard bus as and rotates about the axis and was able to
The section of central axis.Handle is splitted to get the longitudinal section of handle 19 is arrived, which is placed in XOY coordinate system, handle
Central axis is X-axis, and handle and moveable hinge joint face are the face A, axis and the face A crosspoint for O point, Y-axis in the face A and perpendicular to
X-axis.Curvilinear equation of the bus of handle outer surface in XOY coordinate system are as follows:
Y=0.0014x2-0.183x+20
Wherein: x belongs to [0,140], unit mm；
The device signal acquisition process is as follows:
When mounting rack 26 completes flip-flop movement, pressure acquisition module 4 acquires soil surface pressure applied letter to be measured
Number, and the signal is fed back into master controller, when pressure reaches setting value f1=200N, operator is prompted to stop applying pressure
Power, master controller trigger spectrum sensor work, acquire the reflected optical signal of soil to be measured；Soil moisture acquisition module 2
Soil moisture information and humidity information are acquired respectively with soil moisture acquisition module 3, and transmit information to master controller.
Field test is being carried out before use, needing to demarcate the correction factor k of the device0, calibration process is as follows:
1. acquiring organic matter spectral information, the soil moisture, soil humidity information with the device, providing correction factor is k=1
When soil organic matter content mi；
2. sending identical soil sample to laboratory, standard content of organic matter value n is obtainedi；
3. ki=ni/mi；
4. repeating the above steps 10 times, the average value k of k is obtained0, then k0As correction factor.
Master controller is by acquired organic matter spectral information, the soil moisture, soil humidity information, in conjunction with correction factor
k0Overall merit soil organic matter content.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit, which is characterized in that by measuring mechanism (A), signal processing and show
Show mechanism (B), power supply and positioning mechanism (C), subsidiary body (D) and host computer (e) composition, wherein measuring mechanism (A) is by spectrum
Acquisition module (1), soil moisture acquisition module (2), soil moisture acquisition module (3), pressure acquisition module (4), sensor shield
(5) and array of source (6) composition are covered, sensor jacket (5) is fixed on the shell；Soil moisture acquisition module (2) and soil temperature
Degree acquisition module (3) is separately mounted at left and right sides of the shell (21) of subsidiary body (D)；Pressure acquisition module (4) is mounted on attached
Belong to shell (21) lower part of mechanism (D), shell (21) surface is evenly distributed with four pressure sensors；Array of source (6) is by six LED light
Composition, array of source (6) are distributed in around spectra collection module (1)；Spectra collection module (1) is mounted on subsidiary body (D)
On sensor mount (23)；Signal processing and indication mechanism (B) are by signal processing module (7), signal transmission module (8), aobvious
Show module (9), bracket (10), master controller (11), data wireless transport module (12), expansion interface (13) and support plate (17)
Composition, signal processing module (7), signal transmission module (8), master controller (11), data wireless transport module (12), extension connect
Mouth (13) is mounted on the closed cavity (40) on shell (21), and master controller (11) is mounted at the top of shell (21), display module
(9) it is mounted in the support plate (17) that bracket 10 supports；The power supply and positioning mechanism (C) is turned by power supply (14), voltage
Block (15), locating module (16) composition are changed the mold, power supply (14) is connect with voltage transformation module (15) through conducting wire, is located at subsidiary body
(D) inner surface on the right side of shell (21)；Locating module (16) is located on shell (21) center outer surface；Power supply and positioning mechanism
(C) it is fixed on the shell in subsidiary body (d) (21), the power supply (14) in power supply and positioning mechanism (C) is converted by voltage
Each module through from conducting wire to measuring mechanism (A) after module (15) is converted voltage, in signal processing and indication mechanism (B)
Signal processing module (7), signal transmission module (8), display module (9), master controller (11), data wireless transport module (12)
And the locating module (16) of power supply and locating module is powered, the spectra collection module (1) and distribution in measuring mechanism (A) are on it
Array of source (6) be fixed on the mounting rack (23) of subsidiary body (D), the soil moisture acquisition module of measuring mechanism (A)
(2), soil moisture acquisition module (3), pressure acquisition module (4), sensor jacket (5) are fixed on the shell of subsidiary body (d)
(21) bottom, signal processing and indication mechanism (b) are fixed on the shell (21) of subsidiary body (d)；Host computer (e) is placed in dress
Set outside；Spectra collection module (1), soil moisture acquisition module (2), soil moisture acquisition module in measuring mechanism (A)
(3), the locating module (16) in pressure acquisition module (4) and power supply and positioning mechanism (C) passes through conducting wire and signal processing module
(7) it connects, signal processing module (7), signal transmission module (8), master controller (11) and data wireless transport module (12) collection
At on circuit boards, entire interior arrangement is connected by expansion interface (13) with host computer (e).
2. soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the subsidiary body
(D) by link block group (18), handle to (19), mounting blocks group (20), shell (21), pin shaft I (22), spring (23), pin shaft II
(24), inner casing (25), mounting rack (26), axis (27), guide-track groove (28), glass (30), bionical pad pasting (31), biomimetic features
(32), turnover panel forms I (33), turnover panel to II (34), and wherein shell (21) is lower openings, and its underpart is cavity I (35)
Shaped oblong body, top are rectangle closed cavity (40), and hole is equipped at left and right sides of shell (21) lower part to (29)；Handle pair
(19) it is made of, is symmetrically arranged at left and right sides of the top of shell (21) two handles, the link block of two handles is respectively with two
The side of a mounting blocks is flexibly connected by axis, and the other side of mounting blocks group (20) is flexibly connected through hole (39) with shell (21)；
Spring (20) is located at inner casing (25) top, and both ends are limited by pin shaft I (22) and pin shaft II (24) respectively；Inner casing (25) is loaded on sky
Chamber I (35) is internal, and inner casing (25) outer surface is slidably connected with I (35) inner surface of shell (21) lower cavity；Glass (30) is loaded on
Cavity II (36) bottom of inner casing (25)；Biomimetic features (32) are located at the surrounding of shell (21) lower surface, and bionical pad pasting (31) is flat
It is layered on its bottom surface；Axis (27) passes through the guide-track groove (28) of inner casing (25) loaded on the hole of shell on (29), and the two of axis (27)
Hold affixed turnover panel to I (33), turnover panel is slidably connected to I (33) and the inner surface of inner casing (25)；Turnover panel is fixed in II (34) interior
Guide-track groove (28) side of shell (25), and it is close to guide-track groove (28) outer edge, mounting rack (26) is fixed under the middle part of axis (27)
Side；Biomimetic features (32) are located at shell (21) lower surface surrounding, and it is imitative dynamic that, which there is bionical pad pasting (31) bionical pad pasting (31) on surface,
The spherical cap structure of the protrusion of object table, the SECTION EQUATION of single spherical crown are as follows:
x2+y2=r2
Wherein: r=100 μm, 40 μm≤y≤60 μm；
Biomimetic features (32) bottom surface is covered with bionical pad pasting (31), and adjacent protrusion structure centre spacing is 300 μm.
3. soil organic matter content Portable type measurement unit as described in claim 2, which is characterized in that the handle pair
(19) outer surface by bus M around central axes rotate a circle gained, the curvilinear equation of bus M are as follows:
Y=0.0014x2-0.183x+20
Wherein: x ∈ [0,140], unit mm.
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