CN110387487A - A kind of high rigidity and high tenacity zinc die casting alloys preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of high rigidity and high tenacity zinc die casting alloys preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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Abstract
The invention belongs to non-ferrous metals processing field, a kind of high rigidity and high tenacity zinc die casting alloys preparation method are disclosed, and in particular to a kind of preparation method that Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg zinc die casting alloys mechanical property is improved using compound addition silicon and titanium.Specific implementation process are as follows: commercial-purity aluminium, industrial-purity zinc and pure magnesium and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy are subjected to melting in graphite crucible first, smelting temperature is 600~700 DEG C.The melting Zn-3Ti intermediate alloy in another graphite crucible at the same time, smelting temperature control 10-80 DEG C below aluminium alloy phase line.Then, the Zn-3Ti intermediate alloy of Al-12.6Si intermediate alloy and semisolid is added in Zn-Al-Cu-Mg alloy liquid and is sufficiently mixed, prepare the zinc die casting alloys of higher hardness and toughness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-ferrous metals processing fields, and in particular to a kind of Zn-11Al-1Cu- of high rigidity and high tenacity
The preparation method of 0.05Mg-mSi-nTi zinc die casting alloys.
Background technique
For zinc-containing alloy because smelting technology is simple, mechanical performance, casting character, processing performance are excellent, and wearability is prominent etc.
Advantage, therefore it is referred to as " magic alloy ", become increasingly extensive inexpensive, energy saving, good of domestic and international application in recent decades
New material.
Alloy can be made with a variety of non-ferrous metals in zinc, wherein the brass of the most importantly compositions such as zinc and copper, tin, lead, also
It can be with the composition diecasting alloys such as aluminium, magnesium, copper.Zinc is mainly used for steel, metallurgy, machinery, electrical, chemical industry, light industry, military affairs and medicine
Equal fields.
The development of kirsite first has to the invention for being attributed to late nineteenth century die casting machine.Earliest reversed brass ingredient
Are as follows: Zn-6%Sn-3%Cu-0.5%A1 is mainly used to replace part Sn base product.Its main feature is that: intensity is low, and property is crisp, but ruler
Very little stability is good.Research discovery later improves aluminium content, and the various aspects of performance of alloy all improves very much, and allumen series is met the tendency of
And it gives birth to.Going deep into the development of economy with research, zinc die casting alloys produces a series of product grades, until the '20s,
The development of zinc-aluminium diecasting alloys has had reached the period of full bloom of zinc die casting alloys, the also all standardization of zinc-aluminium diecasting alloys.
With the continuous improvement of China's scientific and technological level, China is also more and more deep to the research of allumen.Although
In this way, there are also a certain distance, China compared with external some developed countries for China's allumen research level and the quality of production
Zinc-containing alloy research have got long long way to go.
Currently, main problem existing for zinc die casting alloys is that hardness is low and obdurability is poor, it is difficult to meet industrial requirement.For
This, zinc die casting alloys there are aiming at the problem that, invented and a kind of prepared high rigidity and high tough zinc die casting alloys.
Summary of the invention
The present invention uses the semisolid Zn- of Al-12.6Si intermediate alloy and near liquidus temperature with tiny Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys
3Ti intermediate alloy and zinc-aluminium copper magnesium mother alloy melt carry out uniform mixed processing, prepare the pressure of a kind of high rigidity and high tenacity
Cast zinc alloy.
The zinc die casting alloys of a kind of high rigidity and high tenacity only exists Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys the preparation method comprises the following steps: being added into zinc liquid
Al-12.6Si intermediate alloy or Al-12.6Si intermediate alloy and Zn-3Ti semi-solid melt is added, mixed.
Specific preparation method is:
Commercial-purity aluminium, industrial-purity zinc and pure magnesium and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy are melted in graphite crucible first
Refining, melting Zn-xAl-yCu-zMg alloy is added into zinc liquid and only deposits under smelting temperature at a temperature of 600~700 DEG C
In the Al-12.6Si intermediate alloy of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, alloy melt is poured into room temperature metal mold, Zn-11wt.%Al- is obtained
1.0wt.%Cu-0.05wt.%Mg-mwt.%Si zinc die casting alloys;Wherein m is 0.5~1.1
Alternatively,
Commercial-purity aluminium, industrial-purity zinc and pure magnesium and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy are melted in graphite crucible first
It refines, melting Zn-xAl-yCu-zMg alloy at a temperature of 600~700 DEG C, at the same time the melting Zn- in another graphite crucible
3Ti intermediate alloy, smelting temperature control 10-80 DEG C below aluminium alloy phase line, i.e., 480-550 DEG C, add into kirsite melt
Enter Zn-3Ti semi-solid melt and solid-state Al-12.6Si intermediate alloy, uniformly mixed, alloy melt is poured into room temperature gold
Belong in casting mold, is prepared into the conjunction of Zn-11wt.%Al-1.0wt.%Cu-0.05wt.%Mg-mwt.%Si-nwt.%Ti die case zinc
Gold, it is 0.1~0.5 that wherein m, which is 0.5~1.1, n,.
Further preferably, the m is 0.8.
Purpose using solid-state Al-12.6Si intermediate alloy is to obtain tiny Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, In as far as possible in alloy structure
Under the premise of not reducing alloy ductility, the intensity and hardness of alloy are improved.
It is to make Zn using the purpose that semisolid Zn-3Ti intermediate alloy melt mode is added15Ti compound dissolves as early as possible, with
Just TiAl is formed3Phase, not molten Zn15Ti particle and TiAl3Phase plays heterogeneous forming core, thus the grain structure of refining alloy;
Smelting time can be shortened simultaneously, reduce the dissolution of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, make in alloy structure that there are more tiny Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys particles, into one
Step improves the obdurability of alloy.
The technical effect that the present invention obtains:
When reinforced phase is added to the lower Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg zinc die casting alloys of hardness, if alloy substrate is brilliant
Grain it is coarse and enhancing compare it is coarse, although the available raising of the hardness of alloy, the obdurability of alloy are lower.For example, working as
After transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy is added into alloy, although significantly improving the hardness of alloy there are more hard silicon phase in tissue,
But coarse silicon, which is met, generates the effect of isolating to alloy substrate, hence it is evident that drops low-alloyed obdurability.
The present invention mainly studies using Si alloying or uses Si, Ti composite alloying, and the present invention is by 600~700 DEG C
Zn-xAl-yCu-zMg alloy melt uniformly mixed with Zn-3Ti semi-solid melt and solid-state Al-12.6Si intermediate alloy
It closes, is then poured into room temperature metal mold, prepares the Zn-11Al-1.0Cu-0.05Mg- of higher hardness and toughness
MSi-nTi zinc die casting alloys.This preparation method has following clear superiority: using solid-state Al-12.6Si eutectic aluminum-silicon to zinc
A large amount of tiny silicon phase is introduced in alloy, can significantly improve alloy rigidity;Meanwhile as the addition semisolid Zn- into zinc liquid
When 3Ti melt, the obdurability of alloy can be further increased, it is excellent to finally obtain mechanical property with refining alloy matrix grain tissue
Different Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg-mSi-nTi kirsite.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the microscopic structure of Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy when comparative example embodiment 1 does not add silicon;
When Fig. 2 is that comparative example embodiment 2 adds 0.3wt.%Si using semisolid Al-20Si transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, Zn-
The microscopic structure of 11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy;
When Fig. 3 is that comparative example embodiment 3 adds 0.5wt.%Si using semisolid Al-20Si transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, Zn-
The microscopic structure of 11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy;
When Fig. 4 is that comparative example embodiment 4 adds 0.8wt.%Si using semisolid Al-20Si transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, Zn-
The microscopic structure of 11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy;
When Fig. 5 is that embodiment 1 adds 0.8wt.%Si using semisolid Al-12.6Si transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, Zn-
The microscopic structure of 11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy;
Fig. 6 is that embodiment 2 is added respectively using Al-126.Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy and semisolid Zn-3Ti melt
The Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy microscopic structure of 0.8wt.%Si and 0.1wt.%Ti;
Fig. 7 is that embodiment 3 is added respectively using Al-126.Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy and semisolid Zn-3Ti melt
The Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy microscopic structure of 0.8wt.%Si and 0.3wt.%Ti;
Fig. 8 is that embodiment 4 is added respectively using Al-126.Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy and semisolid Zn-3Ti melt
The Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy microscopic structure of 0.8wt.%Si and 0.5wt.%Ti;
Fig. 9 is zinc die casting alloys impact specimen size, and 12 millimeters of diameter, length are 80 millimeters.
Specific embodiment
Example is described in further detail below the present invention:
Comparative example 1
Firstly, 263.85g industrial-purity zinc, 30.0g commercial-purity aluminium and 6gAl-50Cu intermediate alloy are put into graphite crucible
Heating and melting are carried out in well-type electric furnace, smelting temperature is 650 DEG C, and stirring appropriate is carried out after alloy is completely melt, quiet
It sets 5 minutes, 0.15gMg is wrapped up with aluminium foil and dissolves in alloy liquid and is sufficiently stirred, obtains Zn- after mixing
Alloy melt is finally poured into room temperature metal mold by 11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy melt, obtains 12 millimeters of diameter, length
The impact specimen that degree is 80 millimeters.
Fig. 1 is the microscopic structure of Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy.Studies have shown that the Zn- without Alloying Treatment
The impact flexibility of 11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg zinc die casting alloys is 18.5J/cm2, hardness 122.3Hv.
Comparative example 2
Firstly, 262.95g industrial-purity zinc, 26.4g commercial-purity aluminium and 6gAl-50Cu intermediate alloy are put into graphite crucible
Heating and melting are carried out in well-type electric furnace, smelting temperature is 650 DEG C, and stirring appropriate is carried out after alloy is completely melt, quiet
It sets 5 minutes, 0.15gMg is wrapped up with aluminium foil and dissolves in alloy liquid and is sufficiently stirred.At the same time, in another graphite
Melting 4.5gAl-20Si intermediate alloy in crucible, smelting temperature are controlled at 600 DEG C, then by semisolid Al-20Si alloy melt
It pours into alloy melt, obtains Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg-0.3Si alloy melt after mixing, be finally poured into room temperature
12 millimeters of diameter is obtained in metal mold, the impact specimen that length is 80 millimeters.
The microscopic structure of Fig. 2 is silicone content when being 0.3wt.% Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy, it is seen that after addition silicon
α-Al phase amount is the silicon phase for dramatically increasing, and occurring tiny in Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy.
Studies have shown that the impact flexibility of the Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg zinc die casting alloys of addition 0.3wt.% silicon is
6.6J/cm2, than the alloy of silicon not being added to reduce 64%;Its hardness is 135.4Hv, and the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment improves
11%.
Comparative example 3
Firstly, 262.35g industrial-purity zinc, 24.0g commercial-purity aluminium and 6gAl-50Cu intermediate alloy are put into graphite crucible
Heating and melting are carried out in well-type electric furnace, smelting temperature is 650 DEG C, and stirring appropriate is carried out after alloy is completely melt, quiet
It sets 5 minutes, 0.15gMg is wrapped up with aluminium foil and dissolves in alloy liquid and is sufficiently stirred.At the same time, in another graphite
12g Al-20Si intermediate alloy is added in crucible, smelting temperature is controlled at 600 DEG C, then by semisolid Al-20Si alloy melt
It pours into alloy melt, obtains Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy melt after mixing, be finally poured into room temperature metal casting
In type, 12 millimeters of diameter is obtained, the impact specimen that length is 80 millimeters.
The microscopic structure of Fig. 3 is Si content when being 0.5wt.% Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy, it is seen that Zn-11Al-
Occurs more silicon phase in 1Cu-0.05Mg alloy structure.
Studies have shown that the Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg zinc die casting alloys of added 0.5wt.% alloying with silicon processing rushes
Hitting toughness is 6.4J/cm2, the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment reduces 65%;Its hardness is 135.1Hv, at non-alloying
The alloy of reason improves 11%.
Comparative example 4
Firstly, 261.45g industrial-purity zinc, 20.4g commercial-purity aluminium and 6gAl-50Cu intermediate alloy are put into graphite crucible
Heating and melting are carried out in well-type electric furnace, smelting temperature is 650 DEG C, and stirring appropriate is carried out after alloy is completely melt, quiet
It sets 5 minutes, 0.15gMg is wrapped up with aluminium foil and dissolves in alloy liquid and is sufficiently stirred.At the same time, by semisolid Al-
20Si alloy melt and 12g Al-20Si intermediate alloy are added in kirsite melt, obtain Zn-11Al-1Cu- after mixing
0.05Mg-0.8Si alloy melt is finally poured into and obtains 12 millimeters of diameter in room temperature metal mold, length is 80 millimeters and rushes
Hit sample.
The microscopic structure of Fig. 4 is Si content when being 0.8wt.% Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy, it is seen that the ruler of silicon phase
It is very little coarseer.
Studies have shown that the Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg zinc die casting alloys of added 0.8wt.% alloying with silicon processing rushes
Hitting toughness is 6.0J/cm2, the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment reduces 68%;Its hardness is 144.6Hv, at non-alloying
The alloy of reason improves 18%.
Zinc die casting alloys is strengthened using Al-20Si transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, though the method can improve the hardness of kirsite,
Impact flexibility drastically reduces, the main reason is that silicon coarse in transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, which is met, isolates work to alloy substrate generation
With, hence it is evident that low-alloyed obdurability drops.
Embodiment 1
Firstly, 261.45g industrial-purity zinc, 13.4g commercial-purity aluminium and 6gAl-50Cu intermediate alloy are put into graphite crucible
Heating and melting are carried out in well-type electric furnace, smelting temperature is 650 DEG C, and stirring appropriate is carried out after alloy is completely melt, quiet
It sets 5 minutes, 0.15gMg is wrapped up with aluminium foil and dissolves in alloy liquid and is sufficiently stirred.At the same time, by 19g Al-
12.6Si intermediate alloy is added in alloy melt, obtains Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg-0.8Si alloy melt after mixing,
It is finally poured into and obtains 12 millimeters of diameter in room temperature metal mold, the impact specimen that length is 80 millimeters.
The microscopic structure of Fig. 5 is Si content when being 0.8wt.% Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy, with 4 phase of comparison example
Than (as shown in Figure 4), the silicon phase size in alloy structure is obviously reduced.
Studies have shown that using the Zn-11Al- of Al-12.6Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy addition 0.8wt.% alloying with silicon processing
1Cu-0.05Mg the impact flexibility of zinc die casting alloys is 10.7J/cm2, the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment reduces 42%;It is hard
Degree is 141.3Hv, and the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment improves 16%.Compared with comparative example 4, impact flexibility is improved
78%, hardness slightly lowers.
Embodiment 2
Firstly, 253.85g industrial-purity zinc, 13.4g commercial-purity aluminium and 6gAl-50Cu intermediate alloy are put into graphite crucible
Heating and melting are carried out in well-type electric furnace, smelting temperature is 630 DEG C, and stirring appropriate is carried out after alloy is completely melt, quiet
It sets 5 minutes, 0.15gMg is wrapped up with aluminium foil and dissolves in alloy liquid and is sufficiently stirred.At the same time, in a graphite earthenware
9.7gZn-3Ti intermediate alloy is added in crucible, smelting temperature is controlled at 540 DEG C, then that 19g Al-12.6Si alloy and half is solid
State Zn-3Ti intermediate alloy is added in melt, is poured into room temperature metal mold after mixing and obtains 12 millimeters of diameter, length
For 80 millimeters of impact specimen.
Fig. 6 is Si content when being 0.8%, the Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy that compound addition Ti content is 0.1wt.%
Microscopic structure, it is seen that alloy grain is obviously refined than Ti element is not added.
Studies have shown that the Zn-11Al-1Cu- through compound addition 0.8wt.% silicon and the processing of 0.1wt.% Ti Alloying
The impact flexibility of 0.05Mg zinc die casting alloys is 21.3J/cm2, the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment improves 15%;Its hardness is
131.2Hv, the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment improve 7%.
Embodiment 3
Firstly, 233.85g industrial-purity zinc, 13.4g commercial-purity aluminium and 6gAl-50Cu intermediate alloy are put into graphite crucible
Heating and melting are carried out in well-type electric furnace, smelting temperature is 650 DEG C, and stirring appropriate is carried out after alloy is completely melt, quiet
It sets 5 minutes, 0.15gMg is wrapped up with aluminium foil and dissolves in alloy liquid and is sufficiently stirred.At the same time, in another graphite
29.1g Zn-3Ti intermediate alloy is added in crucible, smelting temperature is controlled at 520 DEG C, then by 19g Al-12.6Si alloy and
Semisolid Zn-3Ti intermediate alloy is added in alloy melt, is poured into room temperature metal mold after mixing and obtains 12 milli of diameter
Rice, the impact specimen that length is 80 millimeters.
Fig. 7 is Si content when being 0.8%, the Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg alloy that compound addition Ti content is 0.3wt.%
Microscopic structure, it is seen that the microscopic structure of alloy is further refined, but minimal amount of Al occurs in tissue3Ti particle.
Studies have shown that the Zn-11Al-1Cu- through compound addition 0.8wt.% silicon and the processing of 0.3wt.% Ti Alloying
The impact flexibility of 0.05Mg zinc die casting alloys is 23.8J/cm2, the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment improves 29%;Its hardness is
138.8Hv the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment improves 13%.At this point, the mechanical property highest of alloy.
Embodiment 4
Firstly, 213.85g industrial-purity zinc, 13.4g commercial-purity aluminium and 6gAl-50Cu intermediate alloy are put into graphite crucible
Heating and melting are carried out in well-type electric furnace, smelting temperature is 670 DEG C, and stirring appropriate is carried out after alloy is completely melt, quiet
It sets 5 minutes, 0.15gMg is wrapped up with aluminium foil and dissolves in alloy liquid and is sufficiently stirred.At the same time, in another graphite
48.5gZn-3Ti intermediate alloy is added in crucible, smelting temperature is controlled at 500 DEG C, then by 19g Al-12.6Si alloy and half
Solid-state Zn-3Ti intermediate alloy is added in alloy melt, is poured into room temperature metal mold after mixing and obtains 12 milli of diameter
Rice, the impact specimen that length is 80 millimeters.
Fig. 8 is Si content when being 0.8wt.%, the Zn-11Al-1Cu-0.05Mg that compound addition Ti content is 0.5wt.%
Alloy microscopic structure, it is seen that crystal grain obviously refines, and the second coarseer phase occurs.
Studies have shown that the Zn-11Al-1Cu- through compound addition 0.8wt.% silicon and the processing of 0.5wt.% Ti Alloying
The impact flexibility of 0.05Mg zinc die casting alloys is 18.6J/cm2, the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment improves 1%;Its hardness is
139.5Hv, the alloy than non-Alloying Treatment improve 14%.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of high rigidity and high tenacity zinc die casting alloys preparation method, it is characterised in that: the preparation method includes: first to prepare
Zn-xAl-yCu-zMg alloy melt is obtained, then under smelting temperature, by Zn-xAl-yCu-zMg alloy melt and Al-12.6Si
Intermediate alloy is uniformly mixed, and is poured into room temperature metal mold after mixing, and the Zn- of high rigidity and high tenacity is prepared
11Al-1.0Cu-0.05Mg-mSi zinc die casting alloys;Wherein m is 0.5~1.1.
2. high rigidity as described in claim 1 and high tenacity zinc die casting alloys preparation method, it is characterised in that: further include closing
Zn-3Ti semi-solid melt is added in golden melt, is prepared into Zn-11Al-1.0Cu-0.05Mg-mSi-nTi zinc die casting alloys, m is
0.5~1.1, n are 0.1~0.5.
3. high rigidity as claimed in claim 2 and high tenacity zinc die casting alloys preparation method, it is characterised in that: Zn-3Ti half is solid
State melt temperature controls 10-80 DEG C below its liquidus temperature, i.e., and 480-550 DEG C.
4. high rigidity as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and high tenacity zinc die casting alloys preparation method, it is characterised in that: described
Smelting temperature is 600~700 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111424185A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-07-17 | 江苏竣昌科技有限公司 | High-hardness electromagnetic shielding aluminum alloy |
CN111424201A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-07-17 | 江苏竣昌科技有限公司 | Modification treatment method for magnesium alloy die casting |
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JPS60169536A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-09-03 | Oiles Ind Co Ltd | Zinc alloy for sliding member |
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2019
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JPS60169536A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-09-03 | Oiles Ind Co Ltd | Zinc alloy for sliding member |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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李凯良: "合金元素对Zn-11%Al镀层及凝固组织影响的研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111424185A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-07-17 | 江苏竣昌科技有限公司 | High-hardness electromagnetic shielding aluminum alloy |
CN111424201A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-07-17 | 江苏竣昌科技有限公司 | Modification treatment method for magnesium alloy die casting |
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