CN110375856A - Spectrum imaging system and method based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave - Google Patents
Spectrum imaging system and method based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN110375856A CN110375856A CN201910650464.XA CN201910650464A CN110375856A CN 110375856 A CN110375856 A CN 110375856A CN 201910650464 A CN201910650464 A CN 201910650464A CN 110375856 A CN110375856 A CN 110375856A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/45—Interferometric spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/45—Interferometric spectrometry
- G01J2003/451—Dispersive interferometric spectrometry
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of spectral imaging technologies, and in particular to a kind of spectrum imaging system and method based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave.Present invention aim to address the excessive problems of equipment instrument when the detection completion ultra-wide spectrum imaging of existing ultra-wide spectrum and weight, provide a kind of spectrum imaging system and method based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave.The system includes double glittering plane reflection gratings before the preposition telescope sequentially coaxially arranged along light incident direction, slit, mirror image camera lens, partial wave, and the first, second optical receiver assembly in slit plane；Slit is located at the overlapping position of preposition telescope image planes and mirror image camera lens object plane；The plane of incidence of double glittering plane reflection gratings is that periodic triangular shape wire casing delineates face before partial wave.Incident beam wavefront W is reflected and is divided into positive level glittering wavefront W1 and negative level glittering wavefront W2 two parts and is imaged on optical receiver assembly by double glittering plane reflection gratings before partial wave in this method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spectral imaging technologies, and in particular to a kind of based on before the partial wave pairs of plane reflection gratings that glitter
Spectrum imaging system and method namely color dispersion-type spectrum imaging system and method.
Background technique
Spectral imaging technology using grating as dispersion element has very important application value in terms of remotely sensed image,
Common grating type mainly has plane grating, convex grating and concave grating, and different gratings is needed using different optics
Structural shape is to meet different performance requirements.Wherein plane grating due to scribing process maturation be even more obtained widely answering
With.
Plane grating in spectrum imaging system mostly uses reflective, and reflective gratings can orient glittering, to realize
The effective use of spectrometer energy.Typical light channel structure is by preposition image-forming objective lens, slit, collimating mirror, grating, convergent mirror and face
Array detector composition.Light spectrum image-forming generally requires to carry out the detection of ultra-wide spectral coverage in remote sensing application, such as from visible light to short
The infrared spectrographic detection of wave, it is generally the case that received spectral coverage by detector and light channel structure is limited, the orientation in this optical path
Reflecting grating is only glittered in one direction, and grating incidence face is that periodic serrations shape wire casing delineates face, in order to reduce optical energy loss,
The delineation face of grating can be generally designed to short and steep pattern, but this style of optical grating construction is difficult in a set of light channel structure
The middle detection for realizing ultra-wide spectrum, but two sets of optical systems are needed to complete, this increases the volume and weight of instrument greatly
Add, is very unfavorable in space product.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address existing ultra-wide spectrum detection in need two sets of optical systems complete ultra-wide spectrum at
Picture leads to equipment instrument and the excessive technical problem of weight, and provides a kind of based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave
Spectrum imaging system and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of spectrum imaging system based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave, is characterized in that including edge
Double glittering plane reflection light before preposition telescope that light incident direction is sequentially coaxially arranged, slit, mirror image camera lens, partial wave
Grid, and be located at slit the first optical receiver assembly and the second optical receiver assembly in the plane；
The object space position of focal plane of the image space focal plane of the preposition telescope and the mirror image camera lens coincides；
The slit is located at the overlapping position of the image space focal plane and the object space focal plane；
The plane of incidence of double glittering plane reflection gratings is that periodic triangular shape wire casing delineates face before the partial wave；The period
Property triangle wire casing delineation face a cycle formed by one first glittering face and one second glittering face；First glittering face
Normal and the normal in the second glittering face form positive diffraction with the normals of glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave respectively and glitter
Angle r1 and negative sense diffraction blaze angle r2；
The relation equation of the diffraction primary maximum in the glittering of the forward direction diffraction blaze angle r1 and first face are as follows:
2dsinr1cosr1=m1 λ；
The relation equation of the diffraction primary maximum in the glittering of the negative sense diffraction blaze angle r2 and second face are as follows:
2dsinr2cosr2=m2 λ；
Wherein:
D is grating constant, and value is the horizontal length of a triangular shaped periods；
Optical grating diffraction level of the m1 for the first glittering face, m1=0,1,2 ...；
Optical grating diffraction level of the m2 for the second glittering face, m2=0, -1, -2 ...；
λ is the wavelength of incident beam wavefront W；
First optical receiver assembly and the second optical receiver assembly are located at the two sides up and down of slit, and are located at and divide
In the reflected light path of the double glittering plane reflection gratings of wavefront.
Further, in order to realize space layout, the mirror image camera lens is big view field imaging camera lens.
Further, in order to make incident beam and light spectrum image-forming light beam have enough degree of being spatially separating, described first glitters
The optical grating diffraction level m2 in the glittering of the optical grating diffraction level m1 in face and second face meets following relationship:
∣=1 m1- ∣ m2；
Alternatively, ∣=2 m1- ∣ m2.
The present invention also provides a kind of spectrum of spectrum imaging system based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before above-mentioned partial wave
Imaging method is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
1) preposition telescope is collected the incident beam wavefront W from object scene and is imaged at slit；
2) light being imaged at slit impinges perpendicularly on double glittering plane reflections before partial wave after mirror image camera lens collimation
On grating；
The plane of incidence of double glittering plane reflection gratings is that periodic triangular shape wire casing delineates face before the partial wave；The period
Property triangle wire casing delineation face a cycle formed by one first glittering face and one second glittering face；First glittering face
Normal and the second glittering face normal and partial wave before the normals of double glittering plane reflection gratings be respectively formed positive diffraction glittering
Angle r1 and negative sense diffraction blaze angle r2；
The relation equation of the diffraction primary maximum in the glittering of the forward direction diffraction blaze angle r1 and first face are as follows:
2dsinr1cosr1=m1 λ；
The relation equation of the diffraction primary maximum in the glittering of the negative sense diffraction blaze angle r2 and second face are as follows:
2dsinr2cosr2=m2 λ；
Wherein:
D is grating constant, and value is the horizontal length of a triangular shaped periods；
Optical grating diffraction level of the m1 for the first glittering face, m1=0,1,2 ...；
Optical grating diffraction level of the m2 for the second glittering face, m2=0, -1, -2 ...；
λ is the wavelength of incident beam wavefront W；
3) before partial wave double glittering plane reflection gratings incident beam wavefront W reflect and be divided into positive level glittering wavefront W1 with
Negative level glittering wavefront W2 two parts；
4) the positive level glittering wavefront W1 and negative level glittering wavefront W2 are received through mirror image camera lens in the first optics
It is imaged on device and the second optical receiver assembly.
Further, the positive level glittering wavefront W1 is visible light section or short-wave infrared spectrum segment.
Further, the negative level glittering wavefront W2 is visible light section or short-wave infrared spectrum segment.
The present invention has the advantage that as follows compared with prior art:
Spectrum imaging system and method provided by the invention based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave, is in order to more
A kind of new ultra-wide spectral coverage light spectrum image-forming implementation method realizing ultra-wide spectrum remotely sensed image well and proposing, the core of this method
The heart is that double glittering plane reflection gratings are combined with mirror image light path design before the partial wave using special designing, only need to be using one
Group mirror image camera lens can replace four groups of mirrors of two sets of collimating mirrors and two sets of convergent mirrors used in existing ultra-wide spectral coverage light spectrum image-forming
Head combination, realizes ultra-wide spectral coverage light spectrum image-forming, can greatly reduce the volume and weight of spectrum imaging system, there is instrument more preferably
Performance, so as to meet space product for requirement small in size and light-weight.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the schematic illustrations of the spectrum imaging system of glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave；
Fig. 2 is double glittering plane reflection optical grating construction schematic diagrames before the partial wave in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the design and simulation example of spectrum imaging system in Fig. 1, wherein only representing a part of spectrum imaging system
Element includes glittering plane reflection gratings 4, the first optical receiver assembly and second double before slit, mirror image camera lens and partial wave
Optical receiver assembly；
Description of symbols:
The preposition telescope of 1-；2- slit；3- mirror image camera lens；Double glittering plane reflection gratings before 4- partial wave；5- first
Optical receiver assembly；The second optical receiver assembly of 6-；The glittering of 7- first face；The glittering of 8- second face.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In order to which ultra-wide spectrum remotely sensed image is better achieved, the present invention proposes a kind of new Implementation Technology, this skill
The core of art is double glittering plane reflection gratings 4 and mirror image light path design before the partial wave using special designing, only needs to use
One group of mirror image camera lens can replace four groups of camera lenses of two sets collimating mirrors and two sets convergent mirrors combine, realization ultra-wide spectral coverage spectrum at
Picture can greatly reduce the volume and weight of spectrum imaging system, instrument is made to have better performance.
The principle of spectrum imaging system based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave of the invention was as shown in Figure 1, should
System includes double before the preposition telescope 1 sequentially coaxially arranged along light incident direction, slit 2, mirror image camera lens 3 and partial wave
Glitter plane reflection grating 4, and be located at slit 2 the first optical receiver assembly 5 in the plane and the second optics connect
Receiving apparatus 6, wherein first optical receiver assembly 5 and the second optical receiver assembly 6 are located at the two sides up and down of slit 2,
And before partial wave in the reflected light path of double glittering plane reflection gratings 4.
Before preposition telescope 1 collects the incident beam wavefront W (energy) from object scene and is imaged in and be placed on
Set at the slit 2 at the image space focal plane of telescope 1, slit 2 simultaneously be located at mirror image camera lens 3 object space focal plane at, mirror image at
As camera lens 3 will the imaging at slit 2 light collimate after impinge perpendicularly on before partial wave on double glittering plane reflection gratings 4, it is incident
Beam Wave-Front W is reflected at double glittering plane reflection gratings 4 before partial wave and is divided into positive level glittering wavefront W1 and the sudden strain of a muscle of negative level
Credit wavefront W2 (being referred to as before positive level diffracted wave W2 before W1 and negative level diffracted wave) two parts.Wherein, positive level glittering
Wavefront W1 is imaged in through mirror image camera lens 3 again along positive grade diffraction direction to be arranged at the object space focal plane of mirror image camera lens 3
The first optical receiver assembly 5 on, form the positive grade difraction spectrum image of scenery, negative level glittering wavefront W2 is along negative grade diffraction side
To the second optical receiver assembly 6 being arranged at the object space focal plane of mirror image camera lens 3 is imaged in through mirror image camera lens 3 again
On, form the negative grade difraction spectrum image of scenery.
Herein, positive level glittering wavefront W1 and negative level glittering wavefront W2 can be same spectrum segment, be also possible to not
Same spectrum segment, for example, the positive level glittering wavefront W1 can be visible light section or short-wave infrared spectrum segment；It is described negative
Level glittering wavefront W2 can be visible light section, or may be short-wave infrared spectrum segment.
Double glittering plane reflection gratings 4 are a kind of unconventional grating of special designing, usual situation before partial wave of the invention
Under orienting reflex grating only glitter in one direction, thus grating is designed to zigzag, in order to reduce optical energy loss, delineation
Face is designed to short and steep pattern, and this style of optical grating construction is difficult in the light channel structure of a mirror image camera lens 3
Realize ultra-wide spectrum detection.In order to realize the imaging of ultra-wide spectral coverage in one group of optical path, grating surface is designed to by the present invention
The plane of incidence of glittering plane reflection gratings 4 double before partial wave (is designed as periodic triangular shape wire casing delineation face) by triangle, from
And the first glittering face 7 and the second glittering 8 two, face glittering face are formed, when on incident light beam strikes to grating face, light is divided into two
Part, a part are glittered along positive level, and another part glitters along negative level, the design of double glittering plane reflection gratings 4 before partial wave
For parameter as shown in Fig. 2, its surface is that periodic triangular shape wire casing delineates face, two delineation faces of triangle are grating operation
Face, i.e., first glittering face 7 and second glittering face 8, it is described first glittering face 7 normal and second glittering face 8 normal respectively with
The normal of double glittering plane reflection gratings 4 forms positive diffraction blaze angle r1 and two kinds of r2 of negative sense diffraction blaze angle glitterings before partial wave
Angle, respectively corresponds diffraction angle 1 and θ 2, incident beam wavefront W main energetic after diffraction concentrate on positive diffraction blaze angle r1 and
In positive and negative diffraction time corresponding to negative sense diffraction blaze angle r2, thus double glittering light spectrum image-formings before realizing partial wave.
The diffraction primary maximum in double glittering plane reflection gratings 4 and face of glittering meets common grating equation before this partial wave,
One triangular shaped periods is grating constant,
Dsin θ=m λ；
M=0, ± 1, ± 2 ...
D is grating constant in formula, and m is optical grating diffraction level, and λ is wavelength；θ is the angle of diffraction；
Under conditions of using mirror image optical path, double glittering plane reflection gratings 4 are perpendicular to optical axis (light before partial wave
Incident direction), therefore, the diffraction primary maximum in available glittering face and the relation equation of two blaze angles:
2dsinr1cosr1=m1 λ；
2dsinr2cosr2=m2 λ；
Wherein,
Optical grating diffraction level of the m1 for the first glittering face, m1=0,1,2 ...；
Optical grating diffraction level of the m2 for the second glittering face, m2=0, -1, -2 ....
Fig. 3 is design and simulation example of the invention, and in order to realize space layout, mirror image camera lens 3 should be big visual field
Imaging lens, while the glittering level of double glittering plane reflection gratings 4 can be same level before the partial wave, be also possible to not
Same level.The positive level glittering wavefront W1 preferably can be than negative level glittering wavefront W2 high level-one or two-stage；Alternatively, described negative
Level glitters wavefront W2 preferably can be than positive level glittering wavefront W1 high level-one or two-stage, to make incident beam and light spectrum image-forming
Light beam has enough degree of being spatially separating.The optical grating diffraction level m1 in the i.e. described first glittering face 7 and the grating in the second glittering face 8 spread out
It penetrates level m2 and preferably meets following relationship:
∣=1 m1- ∣ m2；
Alternatively, ∣=2 m1- ∣ m2.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations, for
For the those of ordinary skill of this field, it can modify to specific technical solution documented by foregoing embodiments,
Or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features, and these are modified or replaceed, and do not make the sheet of corresponding technical solution
Matter is detached from the range of institute's protection technique scheme of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of spectrum imaging system based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave, it is characterised in that: including entering along light
Double glittering planes are anti-before penetrating the preposition telescope (1) sequentially coaxially arranged in direction, slit (2), mirror image camera lens (3), partial wave
Penetrate grating (4), and be located at slit (2) the first optical receiver assembly (5) in the plane and the second optics receive dress
Set (6)；
The image space focal plane of the preposition telescope (1) and the object space position of focal plane of the mirror image camera lens (3) coincide；
The slit (2) is located at the overlapping position of the image space focal plane and the object space focal plane；
The plane of incidence of double glitterings plane reflection grating (4) is that periodic triangular shape wire casing delineates face before the partial wave；The period
Property triangle wire casing delineation face a cycle formed by one first glittering face (7) and one second glittering face (8)；Described first
The normal of double glitterings plane reflection grating (4) distinguishes shape before the normal in glittering face (7) and the normal and partial wave of the second glittering face (8)
At positive diffraction blaze angle r1 and negative sense diffraction blaze angle r2；
The relation equation of the diffraction primary maximum of the glittering of the forward direction diffraction blaze angle r1 and first face (7) are as follows:
2dsinr1cosr1=m1 λ；
The relation equation of the diffraction primary maximum of the glittering of the negative sense diffraction blaze angle r2 and second face (8) are as follows:
2dsinr2cosr2=m2 λ；
Wherein:
D is grating constant, and value is the horizontal length of a triangular shaped periods；
Optical grating diffraction level of the m1 for the first glittering face (7), m1=0,1,2 ...；
Optical grating diffraction level of the m2 for the second glittering face (8), m2=0, -1, -2 ...；
λ is the wavelength of incident beam wavefront W；
First optical receiver assembly (5) and the second optical receiver assembly (6) are located at the two sides up and down of slit (2), and
Before partial wave in the reflected light path of double glitterings plane reflection grating (4).
2. the spectrum imaging system according to claim 1 based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave, feature exist
In: the mirror image camera lens (3) is big view field imaging camera lens.
3. the spectrum imaging system according to claim 2 based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave, feature exist
In:
The optical grating diffraction level m2 of the glittering of optical grating diffraction level m1 and second face (8) of first glittering face (7) meets following
Relational expression:
∣=1 m1- ∣ m2；
Alternatively, ∣=2 m1- ∣ m2.
4. a kind of use any spectrum imaging system based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave of claims 1 to 33
Spectrum imaging method, which comprises the following steps:
1) preposition telescope (1) is collected the incident beam wavefront W from object scene and is imaged at slit (2)；
2) double glittering planes are anti-before the light being imaged at slit (2) impinges perpendicularly on partial wave after mirror image camera lens (3) collimation
It penetrates on grating (4)；
The plane of incidence of double glitterings plane reflection grating (4) is that periodic triangular shape wire casing delineates face before the partial wave；The period
Property triangle wire casing delineation face a cycle formed by one first glittering face (7) and one second glittering face (8)；Described first
The normal in glittering face (7) and the normal of the second glittering face (8) are linear with the method for glitterings plane reflection grating (4) double before partial wave respectively
At positive diffraction blaze angle r1 and negative sense diffraction blaze angle r2；
The relation equation of the diffraction primary maximum of the glittering of the forward direction diffraction blaze angle r1 and first face (7) are as follows:
2dsinr1cosr1=m1 λ；
The relation equation of the diffraction primary maximum of the glittering of the negative sense diffraction blaze angle r2 and second face (8) are as follows:
2dsinr2cosr2=m2 λ；
Wherein:
D is grating constant, and value is the horizontal length of a triangular shaped periods；
Optical grating diffraction level of the m1 for the first glittering face (7), m1=0,1,2 ...；
Optical grating diffraction level of the m2 for the second glittering face (8), m2=0, -1, -2 ...；
λ is the wavelength of incident beam wavefront W；
3) before partial wave double glitterings plane reflection grating (4) incident beam wavefront W reflect and be divided into positive level glittering wavefront W1 with
Negative level glittering wavefront W2 two parts；
4) the positive level glittering wavefront W1 and negative level glittering wavefront W2 are received in the first optics through mirror image camera lens (3) and are filled
It sets and is imaged on (5) and the second optical receiver assembly (6).
5. the light spectrum image-forming side of the spectrum imaging system according to claim 4 based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave
Method, it is characterised in that: the positive level glittering wavefront W1 is visible light section or short-wave infrared spectrum segment.
6. the light spectrum image-forming side of the spectrum imaging system according to claim 4 based on glittering plane reflection gratings double before partial wave
Method, it is characterised in that: the negative level glittering wavefront W2 is visible light section or short-wave infrared spectrum segment.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114166347A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-11 | 苏州东方克洛托光电技术有限公司 | Medium-wave infrared hyperspectral spectral imaging unit |
| CN114235152A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-25 | 苏州东方克洛托光电技术有限公司 | Miniaturized imaging spectrometer light splitting optical path |
-
2019
- 2019-07-18 CN CN201910650464.XA patent/CN110375856A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114166347A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-11 | 苏州东方克洛托光电技术有限公司 | Medium-wave infrared hyperspectral spectral imaging unit |
| CN114235152A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-25 | 苏州东方克洛托光电技术有限公司 | Miniaturized imaging spectrometer light splitting optical path |
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